Abstrato Introdução: Os traços de personalidade são padrões persistentes de comportamento na maneira de pensar, perceber e se relacionar; portanto, servem como fatores condicionantes que podem tornar o indivíduo vulnerável a adquirir comportamentos saudáveis ou prejudiciais à saúde, como o uso de drogas lícitas e ilícito. Objetivo: Determinar a relação entre traços de personalidade e consumo de álcool em estudantes universitários de Ciudad del Carmen Campeche, México. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, não experimental, correlacional, descritivo, transversal, realizado em uma amostra de 238 universitários da área da saúde. Resultados: A prevalência decorrida de consumo de álcool foi apresentada em uma proporção maior (85,3%), em comparação à prevalência atual (39,9%) e instantânea (20,6%). Quanto ao tipo de consumo de álcool, existe um consumo dependente (19,9%) em estudantes universitários, apesar da prevalência de consumo arriscado (60,2%). Segundo o AUDIT, foi encontrada uma relação positiva com o traço de personalidade extroversiva (rs = 0,165, p = 0,02). Conclusões: Identificou-se o perfil do consumo de álcool em jovens, bem como uma relação do traço de personalidade extroversão com o consumo de álcool, o que evidencia a necessidade de desenho e implementação de intervenções de enfermagem eficazes e oportunas que contribuam significativamente à redução e erradicação de hábitos nocivos à saúde e à promoção de estilos de vida saudáveis.

Abstract Introduction: Personality traits are persistent behavior patterns regarding the way of thinking, perceiving and relating, so they serve as restraining factors that can make the individual prone to acquire behaviors that may be healthy or harmful to health, such as the use of licit and illicit drugs. Objective: To determine the relationship between personality traits and alcohol consumption in university students from Ciudad del Carmen Campeche, Mexico. Methodology: Quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive correlational, cross sectional study, carried out on a sample of 238 university students in the health area. Results: The lapsed prevalence of alcohol consumption was presented in a higher proportion (85.3%), compared to the current prevalence (39.9%) and immediate (20.6%). Regarding the type of alcohol consumption, there is a dependent consumption (19.9%) in university students, despite the prevalence of risky consumption (60.2%). According to AUDIT, a positive relationship was found with the extraversion personality trait (rs = .165, p = .02). Conclusions: The profile of alcohol consumption in young people was identified, as well as a relationship of the extraversion personality trait with alcohol consumption, which highlights the need for the design and implementation of efficient and timely nursing interventions that could significantly contribute to the reduction and eradication of harmful habits for health and the promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Resumen Introducción: Los rasgos de personalidad son patrones de conducta persistentes en la forma de pensar, percibir y relacionarse, por lo que fungen como condicionantes que pueden hacer vulnerable al individuo para adquirir conductas saludables o nocivas para la salud, como el consumo de drogas lícitas e ilícitas. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los rasgos de personalidad y el consumo de alcohol en estudiantes universitarios de Ciudad del Carmen Campeche, México. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, descriptivo correlacional, transversal, efectuado en una muestra de 238 estudiantes universitarios del área de la salud. Resultados: La prevalencia lápsica del consumo de alcohol, se presentó en mayor proporción (85.3%), en comparación a la prevalencia actual (39.9%) e instantánea (20.6%). En cuanto al tipo de consumo de alcohol, existe un consumo dependiente (19.9%) en estudiantes universitarios, a pesar de predominar un consumo de riesgo (60.2%). De acuerdo con el AUDIT, se encontró una relación positiva con el rasgo de personalidad de extraversión (rs=.165, p=.02). Conclusiones: Se identificó el perfil del consumo de alcohol de los jóvenes, así como una relación del rasgo de personalidad extraversión con el consumo de alcohol, lo cual pone en evidencia la necesidad del diseño e implementación de intervenciones de Enfermería eficientes y oportunas que contribuyan de manera significativa a la disminución y erradicación de hábitos nocivos para la salud y el fomento de estilos de vida saludables.

ABSTRACT Aims: Assess the incidence of COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic in 40 hemodialysis units in Spain. Material and methods: We analyzed 396 Rt-PCR performed March 14th to April 28th, 2020 in a cohort of 2398 hemodialysis (HD) patients corresponding to 19 hospital units and 21 satellite centers. Results: We performed Rt-PCR in 14% of the patients, with a marked variability depending on the location. The overall COVID-19 incidence was 3.2% (range 0-15.9%). It was significantly higher in the hospital units (4.5%) than in the satellite units (1.9%) (p=0.0003). There was a positive and significant correlation between the COVID-19 incidence in the units and their proximity to Madrid (R2=0.6235, p=0.0013), which was the main epidemic focus. Conclusion: Our study showed a low incidence of COVID-19 in HD, higher in hospital units and closer to Madrid.

An experimental study was carried out during seven weeks to preliminarily evaluate the effect of the dietary inclusion of powder from the tuber Lasianthaeapodocephala, commonly known as the San Pedro daisy or pionilla, as a feed additive on the production parameters, food consumption, and nutritional condition of the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, intensively farmed under laboratory conditions. Hypothetically, the additive should improve these parameters as it does when used for humans. The powder was included at different levels (0 [Control], 0.2 [T1] and 1 g kg-1 [T2]) in a commercial shrimp feed. The tuber powder exhibited a free amino acid profile being arginine (8.59 mg g-1) and glutamine (3.36 mg g-1) the most abundant. Feed consumption was not influenced by any treatment; however, the survival and the overall production responses were higher in both treatments using the powder (T1 and T2) compared to the control. No significant differences were detected in muscle concentrations of lactate and glucose, although higher protein and lower cholesterol concentrations were observed in shrimp reared in the control. The lower cholesterol concentration of shrimp from the control could be associated to a poor nutritional status. In conclusion, addition of the powder of San Pedro daisy did not improve the feed consumption, but apparently had a positive effect on survival, production response and nutritional status of shrimp. These responses could be associated to an hypothetic effect of some plant components at a nutritional-molecular level, or to a possible antimicrobial effect; however, further specific studies are needed.

Se realizó un experimento durante siete semanas para evaluar, de manera preliminar, el efecto de la inclusión dietaria del polvo de tubérculo Lasianthaea podocephala, comúnmente conocida como San Pedro daisy o pionilla, como aditivo alimenticio, sobre los parámetros de producción, consumo de alimento, y condición nutricional del camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannamei), cultivado bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Hipotéticamente, el aditivo debiera mejorar estos parámetros como lo hace cuando es usado en humanos. El polvo fue incluido a diferentes niveles (0 [Control], 0,2 [T1] y 1 g kg-1 [T2]), en un alimento comercial para camarón. El polvo de la planta mostró un perfil de aminoácidos donde la arginina (8,59 mg g-1) y glutamina (3,36 mg g-1) fueron los más abundantes. El consumo de alimento no fue influenciado por alguno de los tratamientos; sin embargo, la supervivencia y, en general, las respuestas productivas fueron mejores en ambos tratamientos que utilizaron el polvo (T1 y T2) en comparación con el control. No se detectaron diferencias significativas en las concentraciones musculares de lactato y glucosa, aunque se observaron altas y bajas concentraciones de proteína y colesterol en camarones criados en el tratamiento control. La baja concentración de colesterol en los camarones del tratamiento control podría estar asociada a un pobre estado nutricional. La inclusión del polvo de la planta San Pedro daisy no incrementó el consumo de alimento, pero aparentemente tuvo un efecto positivo en la supervivencia, respuesta productiva y estado nutricional del camarón. Estas respuestas podrían asociarse a un hipotético efecto de algún componente de la planta a nivel nutricional-molecular, o a un posible efecto antimicrobiano; sin embargo, se necesitan estudios específicos adicionales.

INTRODUÇÃO: O declínio no número de autópsias em hospitais e instituições universitárias é evento amplamente reportado, inicialmente em países do primeiro mundo e posteriormente em muitos países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. As causas para essa tendência são múltiplas e complexas, incluindo aspectos religiosos, familiares e médicos. Entre estes últimos, salientam-se razões diagnósticas, caracterizadas pelo significativo avanço tecnológico na imagenologia, com a suposição de que todos os diagnósticos agora podem ser feitos em vida, e a crescente ansiedade de processos judiciais contra médicos por má prática. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar o decréscimo vertiginoso e drástico do número de autópsias em um hospital universitário no Brasil. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Avaliou-se o número de registros nos livros de autópsias consecutivas realizadas no Departamento de Patologia do Hospital Universitário Antonio Pedro da Universidade Federal Fluminense (HUAP/UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, criando um banco dados em tabela do programa Microsoft Excel. RESULTADOS: Durante os anos 1966 a 2009, foram realizadas 23.813 necrópsias, sendo 12.702 de adultos e 11.111 de fetos. Entre os anos 1966 e 1998, foram realizadas mais necrópsias, no total de 23.321, sendo 12.482 de adultos e 10.839 de fetos. Já entre os anos 1999 e 2009, foi observado o declínio acentuado e drástico das mesmas, totalizando apenas 492 necrópsias, sendo 220 de adultos e 272 de fetos. CONCLUSÃO: Acreditamos que a principal causa para esse declínio é a pouca informação da população, que desconhece que o saber é fruto de estudo, pesquisa, prática e aprimoramento.

INTRODUCTION: The decline in the number of autopsies at hospitals and university hospitals has been widely reported, initially in developed countries and afterwards in several developing countries including Brazil. The causes for this trend are multiple and complex, encompassing religious, family and medical aspects. Among the latter, we highlight diagnostic reasons, which are characterized by major technological advances in clinical imaging associated with the underlying assumption that all diagnoses can currently be made before death. Furthermore, there is a growing concern about malpractice lawsuits. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the sharp decrease in the number of autopsies at a university hospital in Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated the number of autopsies conducted at the Pathology Department of Antonio Pedro University Hospital (HUAP), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, and a database spreadsheet was created at Microsoft Excel. RESULTS: From 1966 to 2009, 23,813 autopsies were performed, comprising 12,702 adults and 11,111 fetuses. The highest number of autopsies occurred from 1966 to 1998, when 23,321 autopsies were performed, comprising 12,482 adults and 10,839 fetuses. Whereas, there was a dramatic decline from 1999 to 2009, when 492 autopsies were performed, including 220 adults and 272 fetuses. CONCLUSION: We believe that the main cause of this reduction is the lack of information among laypeople and medical professionals, who have neglected the fact that knowledge is ultimately acquired through study, investigation and practice.

Objective: To describe two cases of urothelial tumors in inguinoscrotal bladder hernias and comment on the low incidence of this condition. Methods: Two patients were diagnosed and treated by partial cystectomy and hernia repair. Results: The clinical outcome of both patients was good at two and three years, respectively, and neither patient experienced hernia or tumor recurrence. Conclusions: Inguinal bladder hernias are relatively common. However, few reports of tumor in the herniated bladder have been published. Treatment consists of tumor removal, hernia repair and treatment of any associated urethroprostatic condition.

Objetivo: Mostramos dos casos de neoplasia urotelial en hernias vesicales inguinoescrotales y referimos su escasa incidencia. Métodos: Se describe el diagnóstico y tratamiento efectuado con cistectomía parcial y herniorrafia. Resultados: Ambos pacientes al cabo de dos y tres años respectivamente han tenido buena evolución clínica, sin recidiva herniaria ni del tumor. Conclusiones: Las hernias vesicales inguinales son relativamente frecuentes, pero los casos de tumor en la vejiga herniada son escasos en la literatura. El tratamiento persigue eliminar el tumor, reparar la hernia y tratar si existe la patología uretroprostática.

Three different population samples from Corsica (France), Sardinia and Sicily (Italy) were studied using nine genetic markers. For the first time, allele distributions of FGA TaqI, FGB Bcl I, FGB Hind III, PAI-1 Hind III, PLAT TPA-25, GPIIIa Taq I, GPIIb I/D 9bp, FVII HVR4 and FVII -323 10 bp markers, which are thought to be associated with cardiovascular disease risk, were studied in the general population of the three islands. The frequencies of the markers analysed in the present work show some peculiarities: the locus FVII HVR4 is characterized by the presence of a rare allele (H5), found in Corsicans and in Sardinians; the locus FBG BcII shows a low frequency of the B1 allele and the absence of the B1B1 genotype. The frequencies of some alleles have a distribution that is in agreement with the low risk for cardiovascular diseases in south European countries. The results highlight a genetic differentiation between the three Mediterranean islands and the other European populations.