The genus Aristolochia stands out as the most representative of the Aristolochiaceae plant family, with approximately 550 species distributed around the world, many of which have little or no studies reported in the literature. Investigation of the acetone extract from leaves of Aristolochia warmingii Mast. resulted in the isolation and identification of twenty-three compounds, mostly lignans and neolignans, including the new furofuran lignans warminin A (1), warminin B (2) and warminin C (3). The structures of the compounds were established by comprehensive spectroscopic and spectrometric analyses. A large amount of (–)-epieudesmin (4) was isolated from the extract, which suggests that A. warmingii could be a potential source of this compound. The hexane, acetone, ethanol, and ethanol Soxhlet extracts, in addition to fourteen of the isolated compounds, were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), but they did not show significant activities.

ABSTRACT Afforestation of sites disturbed after bauxite mining is the favorite technique to restore all ecosystem functions. The nature of the tree species used for revegetation of post-mining land can accelerate the recovery of soil organic matter and nutrient cycles. This study aimed to determine the litterfall production, decomposition rate and nutrient content from three types of forest cover ( Eucalyptus , Anadenanthera peregrina , mixed plantation of 16 native species) planted in a bauxite mining area in recovery. Litterfall production was evaluated monthly over 30 months, and the litter mass was assessed twice a year (dry and rainy periods). Total nutrient content was determined from samples grouped by period (dry and rainy). The annual average values for litterfall dry mass and litter mass were higher in Eucalyptus and mixed native. The period (dry or rainy) did not influence litterfall rates in A. peregrina , but Eucalyptus and mixed native presented higher amounts for litterfall during the rainy and dry periods, respectively. Litter accumulation in Eucalyptus was not affected by the season of the year, but mixed native and A. peregrina presented higher litter accumulation in the dry season. Apparent decomposition rates of A. peregrina and mixed native were higher in the rainy season, highlighting the A. peregrina with the highest values compared with the other forest covers. The mixed native presented the highest leaf content of P, K, Ca and Mg in both the litterfall and litter mass, while Eucalyptus had the lowest P, K, Ca, S and N content and the highest C content in the litterfall. Litterfall production is important in degraded areas to ensure the nutrient return to the soil. The data obtained suggest that the cultivation of a mixed of 16 native trees contribute for produce the higher annual litterfall yields, besides produces leaf litterfall of better nutritional quality in relation to P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Therefore, mixed of native trees can be a promising option for reactivation of nutrient cycling and organic matter formation in mined area of bauxite in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

Abstract A new species of cloud fish of the genus Hypsolebias is described from a temporary pool in the rio Trairi basin, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. It is the first record of the genus Hypsolebias for the basin. The new speciesbelongs to the H. flammeus species-group, which is composed of the species H. alternatus, H. brunoi, H. delucai, H. fasciatus, H. longignatus, H. marginatus, H. multiradiatus, and H. flammeus. The new species differs from all other species of the group, except H. flammeus, H. multiradiatus,and H. brunoi, by male color pattern and the presence of a metallic blue sheen surrounding the black spots of females. It differs from H. flammeus, H. multiradiatus and H. brunoi by dorsal and anal fin shape (both rounded vs. pointed) and by the orientation of the reddish-brown bars on the body and anal fin of males (diagonal vs. vertical). The new species differs from its congeners of Northeast Brazil mainly by the higher number of dorsal fin rays in males and the higher number of scales in the longitudinal series.

Resumo Uma nova espécie de peixe das nuvens, gênero Hypsolebias, é descrita de uma poça temporária localizada na bacia do rio Trairi, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. É a primeira ocorrência do gênero Hypsolebias na bacia do rio Trairi. A nova Hypsolebias pertence ao grupo de espécies H. flammeus que é composto pelas espécies H. alternatus, H. brunoi, H. delucai, H. fasciatus, H. flammeus, H. longignatus, H. marginatus e H. multiradiatus. A nova espécie difere de todas as espécies desse grupo, exceto H. flammeus, H. multiradiatus e H. brunoi, pelo padrão de coloração do macho e pela presença de um brilho azul metálico envolvendo as manchas pretas na fêmea. Difere de H. flammeus, H. multiradiatus e H. brunoi pela forma das nadadeiras dorsal e anal (arredondada vs. pontiaguda) e pela orientação das barras castanhas avermelhadas no corpo e na nadadeira anal nos machos (diagonal vs. vertical). A nova espécie difere de outras congêneres do Nordeste do Brasil principalmente pelo elevado número de raios na nadadeira dorsal nos machos e pelo maior número de escamas na série longitudinal.

Resumo O objetivo da pesquisa foi realizar uma análise bibliométrica da produção científica sobre a Educação das Relações Étnico-Raciais na base de dados Web of Science (WoS). A amostra foi composta por 2.916 artigos, publicados em 384 fontes, no período de 1945 a 2019. Eles foram exportados da base WoS para o software RStudio, onde foi utilizado o pacote Bibliometrix. Junto à perspectiva quantitativa, foi aplicada uma análise qualitativa, baseada na análise de conteúdo de Bardin, considerando os artigos mais citados dos últimos 20 anos. A principal contribuição do artigo foi oferecer informações interessantes sobre a evolução do campo em âmbito internacional, por meio de um desenho quantitativo, possibilitando aos pesquisadores o reconhecimento de possíveis lacunas na área.

Abstract The study conducted a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production on Education of Ethnic--Racial Relations in the Web of Science (WoS) database. The sample consisted of 2,916 articles published in 384 sources from 1945 to 2019. These papers were transferred from the WoS database to the RStudio software where the Bibliometrix package was used. In addition to a quantitative perspective, a qualitative analysis was performed This analysis was based on Bardin’s content analysis, considering the most cited articles in the last 20 years. The main contribution of this study was to offer interesting information about the evolution of the field in the international scope, through a quantitative design enabling researchers to recognize possible gaps in the area.

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar un análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre la Educación de las Relaciones Étnico-Raciales en la base de datos Web of Science (WoS). La muestra estuvo compuesta por 2.916 artículos, publicados en 384 fuentes desde 1945 hasta 2019. Estas fueron exportadas desde la base de WoS al software RStudio, donde se utilizó el paquete Bibliometrix. Desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, se aplicó un análisis cualitativo, basado en el análisis de contenido de Bardin, considerando los artículos más citados de los últimos 20 años. La principal contribución del artículo fue ofrecer informaciones interesantes sobre la evolución del campo a nivel internacional, a través de un diseño cuantitativo, que permita a los investigadores reconocer posibles brechas en el área.

Résumé L’objectif de la recherche était de réaliser une analyse bibliométrique de la production scientifique au sujet de l’Éducations sur les rapports de race et d’ethnie dans la base de données Web of Science (WoS). L’échantillon était composé de 2 916 articles, publiés entre 1945 et 2019 dans 384 sources, qui ont été ensuite exportés de la base WoS vers le logiciel RStudio, où le package Bibliometrix a été utilisé. En plus de la perspective quantitative, une analyse qualitative, basée sur l’analyse de contenu de Bardin, a été réalisée considérant les articles les plus cités au cours des 20 dernières années. Grâce à sa conception quantitative, la contribution la plus importante de cet article a été de fournir des informations intéressantes sur l’évolution du champ d’études à l’échelle internationale, permettant aux chercheurs d’identifier d’éventuelles lacunes dans le domaine.

Abstract Objective This article presents a clinical and cytogenomic approach that focuses on the diagnosis of syndromic oral clefts (OCs). Methods The inclusion criteria were individuals with OC presenting four or more minor signs and no major defects (non-syndromic oral clefts [NSOCs]) as well as individuals with OC presenting at least another major defect, regardless of the number of minor signs (syndromic oral clefts [SOCs]). The exclusion criteria included NSOC with less than four minor signs, SOC with known etiology, as well as atypical oral clefts. Results Of 1647 individuals with OC recorded in the Brazilian Database of Craniofacial Anomalies, 100 individuals were selected for chromosome microarray analysis (CMA). Among these, 44 individuals were clinically classified as NSOC and 56 as SOC. CMA was performed for both groups, and abnormal CMA was identified in 9%, all previously classified as SCO. The clinical and CMA data analyses showed a significant predominance of abnormal CMA in individuals classified as SOC (p = 0.0044); prematurity, weight, length, and head circumference at birth were significantly lower in the group with abnormal CMA. Besides, minor signs were significantly higher in this group (p = 0.0090). Conclusion The rigorous selection of cases indicates that the significant variables could help in early recognition of SOC. This study reinforces the importance of applying the CMA technique to establish the diagnosis of SOC. This is an important and universal issue in clinical practice for intervention, care, and genetic counseling.

ABSTRACT Background Triatoma infestans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a hematophagous insect and the main vector of Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae). In the present study, the authors investigated whether a serine protease activity from the saliva of T. infestans has a role in vasomotor modulation, and in the insect-blood feeding by cleaving and activating protease-activated receptors (PARs). Methods T. infestans saliva was chromatographed as previously reported for purification of triapsin, a serine protease. The cleavage activity of triapsin on PAR peptides was investigated based on FRET technology. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze the sites of PAR-2 peptide cleaved by triapsin. NO measurements were performed using the DAN assay (2,3-diaminonapthalene). The vasorelaxant activity of triapsin was measured in vessels with or without functional endothelium pre-contracted with phenylephrine (3 µM). Intravital microscopy was used to assess the effect of triapsin on mouse skin microcirculation. Results Triapsin was able to induce hydrolysis of PAR peptides and showed a higher preference for cleavage of the PAR-2 peptide. Analysis by mass spectrometry confirmed a single cleavage site, which corresponds to the activation site of the PAR-2 receptor. Triapsin induced dose-dependent NO release in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), reaching a maximum effect at 17.58 nM. Triapsin purified by gel-filtration chromatography (10-16 to 10-9 M) was applied cumulatively to mouse mesenteric artery rings and showed a potent endothelium-dependent vasodilator effect (EC30 = 10-12 M). Nitric oxide seems to be partially responsible for this vasodilator effect because L-NAME (L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester 300 µM), a nitric oxide synthetase inhibitor, did not abrogate the vasodilation activated by triapsin. Anti-PAR-2 antibody completely inhibited vasodilation observed in the presence of triapsin activity. Triapsin activity also induced an increase in the mouse ear venular diameter. Conclusion Data from this study suggest a plausible association between triapsin activity mediated PAR-2 activation and vasodilation caused by T. infestans saliva.

ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis is a disease of global extent reaching populations in social vulnerability. One of the control measures of this parasitosis is the use of molluscicidal substances that can fight snails of the genus Biomphalaria, intermediate hosts of Schistosoma mansoni. The aim of this work was to study the toxic activity of three mangrove species (Avicennia schaueriana Stapf. & Leech, ex Moldenke, 1939, Laguncularia racemosa (L.) CF Gaertn, 1807 and Rhizophora mangle L. 1753) on the biological activities of snails Biomphalaria glabrata. Hydroalcoholic extracts were prepared from the stem and leaves of each of the three plant species to which mollusks were exposed. The phytochemical analysis of plants showed the presence of important metabolites in the leaves and stems of L. racemosa and R. mangle, such as tannins and saponins, but the absence of these metabolites in A. schaueriana. Leaf and stem extracts of the three plant species showed low molluscicidal activity, not reaching the standards determined by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1983). L. racemosa and R. mangle has interfered with motility, feeding and oviposition of snails, unlike the extracts of A. schaueriana, which had no effect on these activities.

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de fontes, proporções de resíduos orgânicos e da sua interação no crescimento de mudas de Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, na região Sudeste do estado do Piauí. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de duas fontes (resíduo de palha de Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. e composto de plantas) e seis proporções de resíduo orgânico. O estudo foi conduzido no período de março a junho de 2011 e foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: diâmetro de caule, altura, número de folhas, massa seca de parte aérea, massa seca de raiz, massa seca total, volume de raiz, relação massa seca de parte aérea/massa seca de raiz, razão altura/diâmetro de caule e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson. Os resíduos de palha de Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. e de composto de vegetal apresentaram grande potencial para serem utilizados na confecção de substrato para produção de mudas de Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit uma vez que o desenvolvimento inicial das plantas foi influenciado pelas fontes e pelas proporções desses resíduos e pela interação entre tais tratamentos. O substrato de cultivo contendo 50% do composto vegetal proporcionou melhor qualidade às plantas de Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit na fase inicial de desenvolvimento.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sources and rates of organic waste and their interaction on the growth of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, in the Southeast region of Piauí State. The treatments consisted of two sources (Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. palm residue and plant compound) and six organic waste rates. The study was conducted in the period of March-June 2011 and the following parameters were evaluated: stem diameter, height, number of leaves, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, total dry matter, root volume, shoot dry weight/root dry weight ratio, height/stem diameter ratio and the Dickson Quality Index. The Copernicia prunifera (Mill.) H.E. palm residue and plant compound showed a great potential to be used in the manufacture of substrates for the production of seedlings Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, since their initial development was influenced by the sources and proportions of these organic residues and by the interaction between these treatments. The substrate containing 50% of plant compound produced better quality of plants of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit in their initial development stage.

Abstract The “bacuri” (Platonia insignis Mart., Clusiaceae) is a native tropical fruit from the Brazilian Amazon and Northeast Regions. Its seeds are used to treat inflammatory diseases, diarrhea and skin problems in traditional medical practices. Regarding its widespread medicinal uses, it is important to evaluate the biological and toxicological potential of this species. This way, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of the hexanic extract of P. insignis seeds, as well as its in vivo acute oral toxicity. The biological evaluation was performed by the determination of cytotoxic (MTT and hemolysis assay) and immunomodulatory (phagocytic capacity, lysosomal volume and nitrite production) activities of EHSB in murine peritoneal macrophages. In addition, the oral acute toxicity was evaluated using female Wistar rats treated with EHSB (2.0 g/kg), in accordance with the OECD 423 Guideline. The EHSB showed low toxicity for macrophages in the MTT test (CC50 value: 90.03 µg/ml), as well as for erythrocytes, which caused only 2.5% hemolysis at the highest concentration. A strong immunomodulatory activity was observed by a markedly increase of the NO production, phagocytic ability and lysosomal volume. On the other hand, it was not observed deaths or changes in the clinical and behavioral parameters in the toxicological evaluation. This manner, the present study contributes to the knowledge about the immunomodulatory and toxicological properties of the P. insignis. This may provide perspectives for the evaluation and development of effective and safe phytomedicines created from the Brazilian local biodiversity.

RESUMO O trevo-branco apresenta tolerância a diversos herbicidas, o que torna difícil o controle químico dessa espécie durante o estabelecimento da cultura da soja. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram selecionar herbicidas utilizados em pós-emergência que controlam o trevo-branco na cultura da soja e conhecer os efeitos desse controle na produtividade da soja. Foram avaliados sete herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência, com ou sem aplicação sequencial de glyphosate, e dois tratamentos testemunhas (sem controle e controle total do trevo-branco). Os herbicidas glyphosate (com duas aplicações sequenciais), fomesafen (com aplicação sequencial de glyphosate), chlorimuron-ethyl e lactofen apresentaram controle satisfatório do trevo-branco (acima de 80%). A menor eficiência de controle resultou em menor produção da cultura da soja.

ABSTRACTWhite clover is tolerant to many herbicides, making difficult a chemical control of this species during soybean crop establishments. The objective of this research was to select herbicides applied postemergence to control white clover in soybean and know the effects of this control on soybean yield. Seven herbicides were assessed, applied postemergence, with or without sequential application of glyphosate, and two control treatments (no control and total control of white clover). Glyphosate (with two sequential applications), fomesafen (with a sequential application of glyphosate), chlorimuron-ethyl and lactofen have shown a satisfactory control of white clover (above 80%). The lower control efficiency has resulted in lower production of soybeans.

El objetivo de la investigación fue describir la producción docente de los posgrados en contabilidad (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, PPGCC), en una ventana de tiempo de 10 años (2000-2009). A partir del análisis de 27 revistas, se creó una base de datos con la metodología de Joshua G. Coyne, Scott L. Summers, Brady Williams y David A. Wood (2009). Para ello, se elaboraron rankings para ayudar a responder la pregunta de investigación. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los artículos. El ranking general del PPGCC evidenció que el programa de la USP (Universidade de São Paulo) es el más destacado. Por su parte, el programa de la FURB (Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau) resultó sobresaliente en cuanto a la metodología empírica de estudio de caso, mientras que el programa de la UFPE (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) presenta producción académica relevante en el ámbito de fiscalidad. Los programas se caracterizan por investigación empírica a partir de bases de datos y concentrada en el área de contabilidad financiera. En general, los PPGCC que se destacan son los de la USP, FURB, FUCAPE (Fundação Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisas em Contabilidade, Economia e Finanças), UFMG (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) y USP-RP (Universidade de São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto). Entre otros resultados, se constató que tales programas se caracterizan por el elevado número de profesores de tiempo completo y por la predominancia de investigación empírica positivista en finanzas, que constituye el 80% de las publicaciones. La mayoría de los artículos publicados son de autoría en parejas o cuartetos. Por último, de 2000 a 2009, su desempeño fue en aumento.

The purpose of this research was to describe the teacher production in accounting graduate programs (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, PPGCC) during a ten-year time window (2000-2009). A database was created using the methodology of Joshua G., Coyne, Scott L. Summers, Brady Williams and David A. Wood (2009), through the analysis of 27 journals. Rankings were made for this purpose, to help answer the research question. Afterwards, a descriptive analysis of the articles was made. The general ranking of the PPGCC showed that the program of the USP (Universidade de São Paulo) is the most prominent. In turn, the program of the FURB (Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau) is outstanding regarding the case study empiric study methodology, while the program of the UFPE (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) shows academic production relevant to the field of fiscal studies. A characteristic of the programs is the empiric research based on databases and focused on the financial accounting area. In general terms, the PPGCC that stand out are from the USP, FURB, FUCAPE (Fundação Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisas em Contabilidade, Economia e Finanças) UFMG (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) and USP-RP (Universidade de São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto). It was confirmed, among other results, that said programs are characterized by the high number of full time teachers and by the predominance of positivist empiric research on finance, which constitutes 80% of the publications. Most of the published articles are authored by groups of two or four. Lastly, from 2000 to 2009, their performance increased.

O objetivo da pesquisa foi descrever a produção docente dos programas de pós-graduação em contabilidade (Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, PPGCC), em uma janela de tempo de 10 anos (2000-2009). A partir da análise de 27 revistas, criou-se base de dados com a metodologia de Joshua G. Coyne, Scott L. Summers, Brady Williams e David A. Wood (2009). Para isso, elaboraram-se rankings para ajudar a responder a pergunta de pesquisa. Posteriormente, realizou-se análise descritivo dos artigos. O ranking geral do PPGCC evidenciou que o programa da USP (Universidade de São Paulo) é o mais destacado. Por sua parte, O programa da FURB (Fundação Universidade Regional de Blumenau) resultou sobressaliente no que diz respeito à metodologia empírica de estudo de caso, enquanto que o programa da UFPE (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco) apresenta produção académica relevante no âmbito de fiscalidade. Os programas caracterizam-se por pesquisa empírica a partir de bases de dados e é concentrada na área de contabilidade financeira. Em geral, os PPGCC que se destacam são os da USP, FURB, FUCAPE (Fundação Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisas em Contabilidade, Economia e Finanças), UFMG (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais) e USP-RP (Universidade de São Paulo-Ribeirão Preto). Entre outros resultados, constatou-se que tais programas são caracterizados pelo elevado número de professores a tempo completo e pela predominância de pesquisa empírica positivista em finanças, que constitui 80% das publicações. A maioria dos artigos publicados são de autoria em casais ou quartetos. Por último, de 2000 para 2009, o seu desempenho foi em aumento.

Background: Gait parameters such as gait speed (GS) are important indicators of functional capacity. Frailty Syndrome is closely related to GS and is also capable of predicting adverse outcomes. The cognitive demand of gait control is usually explored with dual-task (DT) methodology. Objective: To investigate the effect of DT and frailty on the spatio-temporal parameters of gait in older people and identify which variables relate to GS. Method: The presence of frailty was verified by Fried's Frailty Criteria. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) and gait parameters were analyzed through the GAITRite(r) system in the single-task and DT conditions. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov, ANOVA, and Pearson's Correlation tests were administered. Results: The participants were assigned to the groups frail (FG), pre-frail (PFG), and non-frail (NFG). During the DT, the three groups showed a decrease in GS, cadence, and stride length and an increase in stride time (p<0.001). The reduction in the GS of the FG during the DT showed a positive correlation with the MMSE scores (r=730; p=0.001) and with grip strength (r=681; p=0.001). Conclusions: Gait parameters are more affected by the DT, especially in the frail older subjects. The reduction in GS in the FG is associated with lower grip strength and lower scores in the MMSE. The GS was able to discriminate the older adults in the three levels of frailty, being an important measure of the functional capacity in this population.

Objetivou-se determinar os valores hematológicos, bioquímicos séricos, proteína C reativa e cortisol de 14 ararajubas (Guaroba guarouba) clinicamente saudáveis mantidas em cativeiro no zoológico do Parque Estadual de Dois Irmãos Recife/PE. Amostras de sangue foram obtidas da veia jugular com volume médio de 0,8ml, fracionando em duas porções, a primeira depositada em tubo MiniCollect®CE contendo EDTA e a outra tubo com gel separador, para a separação do soro sanguíneo. Os indicadores bioquímicos e PCR foram determinados através do analisador ARCHITECT c8000. O cortisol foi analisado no Cobas E411 da Roche. Para a determinação dos números de eritrócitos e leucócitos, foi utilizada a metodologia da contagem em câmara de Neubauer. O hematócrito foi avaliado pelo método do microhematócrito e a hemoglobina pelo método da cianometahemoglobulina. Para a contagem diferencial de leucócitos, foi utilizada a técnica de Shilling. Os índices hematimétricos (VCM, HCM E CHCM) foram determinados com os valores encontrados na série eritrocítica. Os dados foram caracterizados por dispersão de freqüências, utilizando-se as seguintes medidas de tendência central: Média, desvio-padrão, mediana e percentil de 25 e percentil 75. A determinação de alguns parâmetros como ferro, triglicerídeos, PCR e cortisol foram identificados como sendo pioneiramente referenciados nesta espécie de ave. Os dados são apresentados como sendo de referência para a ararajuba (Guaroba guarouba) criada em cativeiro em condições similares de manejo e higidez e ainda pode contribuir para os trabalhos de conservação ex situ desta espécie.

The aim of this study was to determine the hematological, serum biochemical, C-reactive protein and cortisol 14 clinically healthy golden conures (Guaroba guarouba) kept in captivity at the Zoo of Parque Estadual de Dois Irmãos Recife/PE, Brazil. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein with an average of 0.8mL and divided into two parts, the first deposited in MiniCollect®EC and the other containing EDTA tube with gel separator for separating blood serum. Biochemical indicators and PCR was determined using the ARCHITECT analyzer c8000. Cortisol was analyzed on the Roche Cobas E411. To determine the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes the methodology of counting in a Neubauer chamber was used. Hematocrit was assessed by using the microhematocrit and hemoglobin for the method of cianometahemoglobulina. For the differential count the Shilling technique was used. The RBC indices (MCV, MCH and MCHC) were determined with values found in the erythrocytic series. The data were characterized by dispersion of frequencies, using the following measures of central tendency: mean, standard deviation, median and percentile 25 and 75 percentile. Parameters such as iron, triglycerides, CRP, and cortisol were identified and referenced in this pioneering species of bird. Data are presented as reference for Guaroba guarouba raised in captivity under similar conditions of management and healthiness and can still contribute to the work of ex situ conservation of this species.

This work presents the first data on incubation temperature of Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812) in a natural environment, and provides information on nest predation, hatching success and size of offspring born in the nests on sandy beaches along the Upper Xingu River. Thirty-one P. geoffroanus nests were found, of which eleven were completely predated, mainly by Cerdocyon thous (Linnaeus, 1766). Incubation was completed in nine out of the 17 nests protected by netting. The nests presented an average of 13.1 eggs and were distributed over the various geomorphological sectors of the nine sampled beaches. The size and weight of the hatchlings varied significantly between nests, and the incubation period in protected nests lasted for 76.5 days, less than reported for controlled incubation in the laboratory. Daily variation in incubation temperature in the three nests monitored for temperature was lower in those situated in fine sand sediments. Incubation temperature varied from 22 to 39 C and may have affected hatching success, which reached 60.8% in protected nests. Nest distribution in different geomorphological sectors indicated the plasticity of P. geoffroanus in terms of variation in nesting environment, which partly explains the species' broad geographical distribution.

The interaction between ivermectin-resistant and ivermectin-sensitive nematodes and the effect of this anthelmintic on the hematological status of naturally infected goats was assessed using 36 animals. Of these animals, 12 were infected by ivermectin-sensitive gastrointestinal nematodes of the superfamily Trichostrongyloidea (G1s e G1s) 12 were infected by ivermectin-resistant nematodes (G2r e G2r) and 12 uninfect goats (G3np). Six infected goats of each group (G1sm e G2rm) received oral ivermectin al the dose of 200µg/kg, while six were used as controls (G1sc e G2rc). Blood and fecal samples were collected on the day of medication (day zero), at seven, and at 14 days thereafter. The erythrocyte count and hematocrit levels in goats infected by sensitive strains of Haemonchus was greater than that of the group infected by a resistant strain. These values are lower in comparison to those observed in uninfected goats. The increase in the number of eggs per gram of feces, regardless of the strain, is inversely related to the hematocrit level. The use of ivermectin did not significantly change the hematological parameters of goats.