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[SciELO Preprints] - Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy – 2024
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Fernandes, Fabio Simões, Marcus V. Correia, Edileide de Barros Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G. Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco Mathias-Junior, Wilson Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo Ramires, Felix José Alvarez Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins Montera, Marcelo Westerlund Lopes, Renato Delascio Oliveira-Junior, Mucio Tavares Scolari, Fernando L. Avila, Walkiria Samuel Canesin, Manoel Fernandes Bacal, Fernando Bocchi, Edimar Alcides Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski Saad, Eduardo Benchimol Scanavacca, Mauricio I. Valdigem, Bruno Pereira Cano , Manuel Nicolas Abizaid , Alexandre Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa Lemos-Neto, Pedro Alves Ribeiro, Gustavo Calado de Aguiar Jatene, Fabio Biscegli Dias, Ricardo Ribeiro Beck-da-Silva, Luis Rohde, Luis Eduardo P. Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise Pereira, Alexandre Krieger, José Eduardo Villacorta, Humberto Martins, Wolney de Andrade Figueiredo-Neto, José Albuquerque de Cardoso , Juliano Novaes Pastore, Carlos Alberto Jatene, Ieda Biscegli Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri Hotta, Viviane Tiemi Romano, Minna Moreira Dias Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão Brito, Fabio Sandoli de Caramelli , Bruno Calderaro, Daniela Farsky, Pedro Silvio Colafranceschi , Alexandre Siciliano Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli Vieira , Marcelo Luiz Campos Danzmann, Luiz Claudio Barberato , Silvio Henrique Mady, Charles Martinelli-Filho, Martino Torbey , Ana Flavia Malheiros Schwartzmann, Pedro Vellosa Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli Ferreira , Silvia Moreira Ayub Schmidt, Andre Melo , Marcelo Dantas Tavares de Lima-Filho, Moysés Oliveira Sposito, Andrei C. Brito, Flavio de Souza Biolo, Andreia Madrini-Junior, Vagner Rizk, Stéphanie Itala Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco

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Data de publicação: 2024-04-08

Resumo: Pt Es En

A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE.   Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI).

La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.8394

Amazonian Fruit Mari-Mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.): Identification of Flavonoids and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties
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Souza, Mayane P. de

; Sá, Ingrity Suelen C.

; Freitas, Flávio Augusto de

; Souza, Afonso D. L. de

; Nunomura, Sergio M.

; Muniz, Magno P.

; Pereira, Ana Paula R.

; Augusto, Bianca O.

; Gomes, Giovana B.

; Perdomo, Renata T.

; Macedo, Maria Lígia R.

; Weber, Simone S.

; Nunomura, Rita de Cassia S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2023, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 325 - 332

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Mari-mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.) is an Amazonian native fruit that is highly appreciated in the northern region of Brazil, but there are few studies regarding its chemical composition and/or biological properties. A phytochemical study was conducted on the extracts of the pulp, peel and seeds; and their antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential were also determined. Methanol and acetone extracts from different fruit parts were subjected to total phenolic, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and FeIII reducing capacity (FRAP) assays. From the peel extracts, the engeletin and astilbin could also be isolated and characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. A quantification using ultra-fast liquid chromatography of acetone dry crude extracts (DCE) of the peel showed that engeletin was the main compound (532.77 mg g-1 DCE). Astilbin content was also determined (131.53 mg g-1 DCE). The antibacterial and antiproliferative activities were evaluated and the methanol extract of the peel showed higher growth inhibition activity against all tested bacteria. Engeletin showed a relevant antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Acetone and methanol peel extracts exhibited a relevant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), with no toxicity to the normal cell line (NIH/3T3).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220111

Impact of Gamma Irradiation on Physicochemical, Technological, Antioxidant and Microbiology Properties of Whole Sorghum Flours
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Correia, Vinícius T. V

; D’Angelis, Danielle F

; Queiroz, Valéria A. V

; Ramos, Ana Luiza C. C

; Macedo, Maria Clara C

; Augusti, Rodinei

; Melo, Júlio O. F

; Ferreira, Andreza A

; Lacerda, Inayara C. A

; Fante, Camila A

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Fev 2023, Volume 34 Nº 2 Páginas 182 - 193

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation (GI) on the physicochemical, technological, antioxidant and microbiological characteristics of different whole sorghum flours (WSF), as well as to characterize the profile of chemical constituents by paper spray mass spectrometry (PS-MS). The doses applied interfered in the staining characteristics of the evaluated flours, providing the darkening of the same. For the other physicochemical, technological, and antioxidant parameters, no significant influence of the process was observed. The fingerprint obtained in both ionization modes had not been influenced by irradiation, being flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, amino acids, benzoic acid derivatives, carboxylic acids, and sugars tentatively identified. In microbiological terms, there was a reduction of molds, yeasts, and Bacillus cereus in irradiated WSF compared to control (non-irradiated). Therefore, the application of low doses of gamma irradiation represents an advantageous alternative for the conservation of WSF and maintenance of bioactive compounds identified by the PS-MS technique.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220097

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Data de publicação: 2022-10-11

Resumo: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

Intraoperative assessment of surgical margins using ‟en face” frozen sections in the management of cutaneous carcinomas
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Otsuka, Ana Carolina Vasconcellos Guedes

; Bertolli, Eduardo

; Macedo, Mariana Petaccia de

; Pinto, Clovis Antonio Lopes

; Duprat Neto, João Pedreira

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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Out 2022, Volume 97 Nº 5 Páginas 583 - 591

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas (BCC and SCC) are the most common types of cancer worldwide. Intraoperative assessment of surgical margins by frozen section has been widely used to ensure disease-free margins. The intraoperative ‟en face” freezing technique evaluates all peripheral and deep margins. Objective: To report the results of the ‟en face” freezing technique in relation to tumor recurrence and agreement with paraffin-embedded tissue examination. Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing surgical excision of BCC and SCC at the A. C. Camargo Cancer Center, Brazil. Results: This study included 542 skin carcinomas, which were excised from 397 patients. A total of 201 male patients (50.6%), and 196 female patients (49.4%) were assessed, whose mean age was 64 years. The tumors were mostly located on the head and neck region (87.8%). BCC corresponded to 79.7% of the cases. The mean follow-up was 38 months. Tumor relapse occurred in 0.86% of the primary tumors and 3.7% of recurrent tumors. The result of the intraoperative ‟en face” frozen section evaluation was in agreement with the final result of the anatomopathological examination (paraffin test) in 98% of the lesions. Study limitations: Not having a minimum follow-up time of 5 years for all patients. Conclusion: The ‟en face” freezing technique shows low tumor relapse, being reliable and safe to guarantee negative surgical margins of the tumor.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abd.2021.09.013

Bryophytes in Amazon savannas: richness and composition in disjunct areas in the Eastern Amazon
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MACEDO, LUCIANA P.C.

; TAVARES-MARTINS, ANA CLAUDIA C.

; ILKIU-BORGES, ANNA LUIZA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 1 elocation e20200465

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Brazilian Amazon forests are interspersed by savanna ecosystems distributed in the states of Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia and Roraima, presenting different distribution patterns. The objective of this work was to evaluate the richness, composition and floristic similarity of the bryophyte flora from five disjunct savanna areas in the eastern Amazon and compare the richness with those of other savannas in Brazil. The collections were carried out from 2017 to 2018 in five localities of the eastern Amazon. Twenty-two species of mosses and 22 species of liverworts were registered. The composition was expected for savanna ecosystems with 27 species of generalists and 16 sun specialists. There was a striking floristic difference between the areas, and the clusters showed that the eastern Amazon savannas are formed by different compositions related to their area. This study made it possible to discover one new record for the state of Pará, five new records for the state of Amapá and one new record for the North region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200465

Carapace width/length-weight relationships for portunid crabs (genus Callinectes Stimpson, 1860) in northern Brazilian mangrove estuaries
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Oliveira, Rory Romero de Sena

; Oliveira, Danielly Brito de

; Cordeiro, Ana Patrícia Barros

; Cintra, Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto

; Klautau, Alex Garcia Cavalleiro de Macedo

Nauplius

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2022, Volume 30 elocation e2022011

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Carapace width-carapace length (CW/CLRs), carapace width-weight (CW/WRs), and carapace length-weight (CL/WR) relationships are presented for the portunid species Callinectes bocourti A. Milne Edwards, 1879, Callinectes danae Smith, 1869, and Callinectes ornatus Ordway, 1863 from the northern coast of Brazil. A total of 85 crabs were collected between May and October 2015 in intertidal zones of the Caeté, Pirabas and Salinas estuaries. All species had strong relationships between measurements with a coefficient of determination (r 2) ranging between 0.97 and 0.99. The variable most strongly related to CW was CL with 99 % of the variability provided by C. ornatus. These relationships are a useful tool for field ecologists to estimate length and/or mass of portunid species, and it is not necessary to euthanize the organism to collect body measurements. Additionally, this study describes the first reference of CW/CLRs and CL/WRs for these portunid species in the region. The Callinectes species in Amazon estuaries are still poorly studied, and there is a need for monitoring their stocks due to its importance for artisanal fishery. The present data are important for supplying biological information required for an adequate management of this fishery.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2022011

Priority conservation of medicinal woody plants from protected forests based on ecological and ethnobotanical data
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OLIVEIRA, SAMARA F.

; RANGEL, JULIANA M.L.

; MACEDO, JULIMERY G.F.

; SILVA, SAMILLE L.

; RIBEIRO, DAIANY A.

; MACEDO, MARIA SORAYA

; SEIXAS, EMÍDIA NAIANA C.

; MACÊDO, DELMACIA G.

; SARAIVA, MANUELE E.

; LINHARES, KARINA V.

; MENDONÇA, ANA CLEIDE A.M.

; SOUZA, MARTA MARIA A.

; ARAÚJO, ELCIDA L.

; SILVA, MARIA ARLENE P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201769

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The combination of ethnobotanical and ecological knowledge is an important tool in indicating priority species for conservation. We sought to gather ethnobotanical knowledge on the diversity and use of woody medicinal plants in the Chapada Araripe region, assessing the real availability of woody medicinal resources in the Araripe Forests in the cerrado and carrasco areas, and indicate priority species for conservation. A total of 107 species were recorded in the ethnobotanical surveys, classified into 39 families and 83 genera, of which 92 species, 36 families and 70 genera for the cerrado areas, and 47 species, 25 families and 39 genera, for the carrasco areas. 59% were present in the phytosociological surveys for cerrado and 38% for carrascos. Species with high versatility of medicinal use did not necessarily have high local availability, and some were not recorded in the sampling. Thirteen species in cerrados and four in carrascos were indicated as conservation priorities. Use not aligned of species with the reality of the present time can indeed affect the vegetation landscape, and in a future scenario, not taking local measures to conserve protected forest resources, besides increasing the lists of local conservation priorities, can affect economic practices, increasing social and environmental conflicts.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201769 36 downloads

Complete denture hygiene solutions: antibiofilm activity and effects on physical and mechanical properties of acrylic resin
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ROCHA, Millena Mangueira

; CARVALHO, Adrianne Moura

; COIMBRA, Flávia Cristina Targa

; ARRUDA, Carolina Noronha Ferraz de

; OLIVEIRA, Viviane de Cássia

; MACEDO, Ana Paula

; SILVA-LOVATO, Cláudia Helena

; PAGNANO, Valéria Oliveira

; PARANHOS, Helena de Freitas Oliveira

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2021, Volume 29 elocation e20200948

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Appropriated denture hygiene is a predictive factor for longevity of rehabilitation treatment and maintenance of the oral mucosal health. Although, disinfectant solutions are commonly used as denture cleansers, the impact of these solutions on acrylic resin-based dentures remain unclear. Objective To evaluate, in vitro, the antibiofilm activity of complete denture hygiene solutions and their effects on physical and mechanical properties of acrylic resin. Methodology For antibiofilm activity measurement acrylic resin specimens were contaminated with Candida albicans, Candida glabrata and Streptococcus mutans. After biofilm growth, the specimens were assigned to the hygiene solutions: Distilled water (Control); 0.2% Sodium hypochlorite (SH); Efferdent Power Clean Crystals (EPC) and 6.25% Ricinus communis (RC). The viability of microorganisms was evaluated by agar plate counts. In parallel, physical, and mechanical properties of the acrylic resin were evaluated after simulating a 5-year period of daily immersion in the previously mentioned solutions. The changes in surface roughness, color, microhardness, flexural strength, impact strength, sorption and solubility were evaluated. Data were compared by ANOVA followed by the Tukey test or Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Dunn test depending on the distribution (α=0.05). Results Regarding antibiofilm action, SH eliminated all microorganisms while EPC and RC exhibited moderate action against S. mutans (p=0.001) and C. glabrata (p<0.001), respectively. Relative to effects on the physical and mechanical properties of the acrylic resin, RC led to higher values of color change (p=0.030), hardness (p<0.001), surface roughness (p=0.006) and flexural strength (p<0.001). Moreover, RC induced the highest values of changes in solubility (p<0.001). EPC promoted greater changes in surface morphology, whereas immersion in SH retained the initial appearance of the acrylic resin surface. All hygiene solutions reduced the impact strength (p<0.05). Conclusion SH presented the most effective antibiofilm activity. In addition, changes on properties were observed after immersion in RC, which were considered within acceptable limits.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2020-0948 151 downloads

10.

Action of disinfectant solutions on adaptive capacity and virulence factors of the Candida spp. biofilms formed on acrylic resin
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BADARÓ, Mauricio Malheiros

; BUENO, Frank Lucarini

; MAKRAKIS, Lais Ranieri

; ARAÚJO, Camila Borba

; OLIVEIRA, Viviane de Cássia

; MACEDO, Ana Paula

; PARANHOS, Helena de Freitas Oliveira

; WATANABE, Evandro

; SILVA-LOVATO, Cláudia Helena

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2021, Volume 29 elocation e20210024

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Understanding the behavior of Candida spp. when exposed to denture disinfectants is essential to optimize their effectiveness. Changes in the virulence factors may cause increased resistance of Candida spp. to disinfectant agents. Objective To evaluate the microbial load, cellular metabolism, hydrolytic enzyme production, hyphae formation, live cell and biofilm quantification of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata after exposure to disinfectant solutions. Methodology Simple biofilms were grown on heat-polymerized acrylic resin specimens, and divided into groups according to solutions/strains: distilled water (control); 0.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl 0.25% ); 10% Ricinus communis (RC 10%); and 0.5% Chloramine T (CT 0.5%). The virulence factors were evaluated using the CFU count (microbial load), XTT method (cell metabolism), epifluorescence microscopy (biofilm removal and live or dead cells adhered), protease and phospholipase production and hyphae formation. Data were analyzed (α=0.05) by one-way ANOVA/ Tukey post hoc test, Kruskal-Wallis test and Wilcoxon test. Results NaOCl 0.25% was the most effective solution. CT 0.5% reduced the number of CFUs more than RC 10% and the control. RC 10% was effective only against C. glabrata. RC 10% and CT 0.5% decreased the cellular metabolism of C. albicans and C. glabrata. Enzyme production was not affected. Hyphal growth in the RC 10% and CT 0.5% groups was similar to that of the control. CT 0.5% was better than RC 10% against C. albicans and C. tropicalis when measuring the total amount of biofilm and number of living cells. For C. glabrata, CT 0.5% was equal to RC 10% in the maintenance of living cells; RC 10% was superior for biofilm removal. Conclusions The CT 0.5% achieved better results than those of Ricinus communis at 10%, favoring the creation of specific products for dentures. Adjustments in the formulations of RC 10% are necessary due to efficacy against C. glabrata. The NaOCl 0.25% is the most effective and could be suitable for use as a positive control.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2021-0024 117 downloads

11.

Improving nutrient availability of defatted rice bran using different phytase sources applied to grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) diet
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RIES, EDI F.

; FERREIRA, CRISTIANO C.

; GOULART, FERNANDA R.

; LOVATTO, NAGLEZI M.

; LOUREIRO, BRUNO B.

; BENDER, ANA B.B.

; MACEDO, GABRIELA A.

; SILVA, LEILA P. DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 Nº 3 elocation e20190201

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the hydrolysis of phytate of defatted rice bran (DRB) by a pretreatment with non-commercial phytase produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae (DRB-PS) compared to the application of Natuphos® (commercial phytase produced by the BASF Company) (DRB-PN) in diets for grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. Fish (57.55 ± 0.4 g) fed one of the experimental diets in triplicates for 35 days. Effects of the phytase used on blood parameters, intestinal proteases and hepatic glucose were not observed (p > 0.05). Similarly, no differences were found for serum phosphorus (P). However, were found higher levels of calcium (9 and 5.25%) in the control treatment in relation to DRB-PS and DRB-PN respectively, besides higher calcium-phosphorus ratio was found in this treatment. For the fish carcass composition was not statistically different (p > 0.05) except total lipids, which showed its highest content in fish fed on the DRB-PN diet (p < 0.05). The obtained results suggested that the use of the phytase, irrespective to its source may eliminate the use of traditional P sources in fish diets.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020190201 615 downloads

12.

Anthelmintic effect of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and its nanoemulsion on sheep gastrointestinal nematodes
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Macedo, Iara Tersia Freitas

; Oliveira, Lorena Mayana Beserra de

; André, Weibson Paz Pinheiro

; Araújo Filho, José Vilemar de

; Santos, Jéssica Maria Leite dos

; Rondon, Fernanda Cristina Macedo

; Ribeiro, Wesley Lyeverton Correia

; Camurça-Vasconcelos, Ana Lourdes Fernandes

; Oliveira, Erick Falcão de

; Paula, Haroldo César Beserra de

; Bevilaqua, Claudia Maria Leal

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Jul 2019, Volume 28 Nº 3 Páginas 522 - 527

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A resistência anti-helmíntica estimulou a busca por estratégias de controle de nematoides gastrintestinais, incluindo óleos essenciais livres ou em nanoemulsão. Este estudo avaliou a eficácia anti-helmíntica do óleo essencial de Cymbopogon citratus (OECc) e da nanoemulsão do óleo essencial de C. citratus (nOECc). Análises físico-químicas foram realizadas. O efeito in vitro foi determinado no teste de eclosão de ovos (TEO) sobre Haemonchus contortus e o efeito in vivo foi avaliado em ovinos infectados com nematoides gastrintestinais. Os animais foram tratados com OECc (500 mg/kg) ou nOECc (450 mg/kg) para determinação do número de ovos por grama de fezes (OPG) e carga parasitária. O principal constituinte do OECc foi citral. O conteúdo de OECc na nanoemulsão foi 20% e o tamanho médio de partícula foi 248 nm. No TEO, OECc e nOECc (1,25 mg/mL) inibiram 98,4 e 97,1% da eclosão larvar, respectivamente. Três animais tratados com o OECc morreram, enquanto um animal do grupo tratado com a nOECc morreu. O OPG e a carga parasitária total dos grupos tratados não diferiram do controle negativo (p>0.05). A nOECc apresentou eficácia somente sobre H. contortus (p<0.05). Como conclusão, o nanoencapsulamento reduziu a toxicidade e aumentou a eficácia sobre H. contortus.

Abstract The anthelmintic resistance stimulated the search for strategies for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes, including the use of free essential oils or its nanoemulsion. This study evaluated the anthelmintic efficacy of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (CcEO) and C. citratus essential oil nanoemulsion (CcEOn). Pysicochemical analyses were performed. The in vitro effect was determined using the egg hatch test (EHT) on Haemonchus contortus and in vivo effect was evaluated in sheep infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The animals were treated with CcEO (500 mg/kg) or CcEOn (450 mg/kg) for the fecal egg count (FEC) and the determination of worm burden. The main component of CcEO was citral. The CcEO content in the nanoemulsion was 20% (v/v), and the mean particle size was 248 nm. In EHT, CcEO and CcEOn (1.25 mg/mL) inhibited larval hatching by 98.4 and 97.1%, respectively. Three animals treated with CcEO died whereas in the group treated with CcEOn one animal died. The FEC and total worm burden of the treated groups did not differ from the negative control (p>0.05). The CcEOn showed efficacy only on H. contortus (p<0.05). In conclusion, nanoencapsulation reduced toxicity and increased efficacy on H. contortus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019065 1230 downloads

13.

Brazilian stingless bee propolis and geopropolis: promising sources of biologically active compounds
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Lavinas, Flavia C.

; Macedo, Ellis Helena B.C.

; Sá, Gabriel B.L.

; Amaral, Ana Claudia F.

; Silva, Jefferson R.A.

; Azevedo, Mariana M.B.

; Vieira, Bárbara A.

; Domingos, Thaisa Francielle S.

; Vermelho, Alane B.

; Carneiro, Carla S.

; Rodrigues, Igor A.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Jun 2019, Volume 29 Nº 3 Páginas 389 - 399

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Stingless bee products such as honey, pollen, propolis, and geopropolis have been used for centuries in traditional medicine for the treatment of several illnesses. Investigation of the biological activity of stingless bee products, especially propolis and geopropolis, has revealed promising therapeutic properties. About 20% of total Neotropical stingless bees can be found in Brazil. Despite the species diversity, studies on their biological activity are scarce. The present review focuses on the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of propolis and geopropolis from Brazilian stingless bees. In addition, the toxicity of these natural products was addressed. In order to provide new evidences for the toxic potential of propolis and geopropolis components, an in silico analysis was performed using the ADMET PredictorTM software. We observed that most of studies evaluated only crude ethanol extracts of a limited number of stingless bees species. Propolis and geopropolis displayed antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. Concerning the toxic potential, the extracts of stingless bees propolis and geopropolis were considered safe. Nonetheless, in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies are still necessary.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.11.007 1704 downloads

14.

Evaluation of a protocol for reducing the microbial contamination of dental unit water
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Monteiro, Rachel M

; Marques, Daniella M

; Domingues, Pedro C. A

; Oliveira, Viviane de C

; Macedo, Ana Paula

; Razaboni, Ana M

; Watanabe, Evandro

Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana

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Dez 2018, Volume 31 Nº 3 Páginas 138 - 143

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Biofilme nas linhas d'água de equipos odontológicos pode propagar contaminando microbiana na água. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a contaminando microbiana da água de abastecimentos e equipos odontológicos antes e após a implementando de um protocolo para melhoria e manutenndo da qualidade microbiològica da água de equipos dontológicos. Avaliou-se a carga microbiana da água de 27 torneiras e equipos (reservatórios, seringas tríplice e alta rotando sem as penas de mdo) de uma clínica odontológica por meio do sistema PetrifilmT (bacterias aeróbias totais e fungos) e meios de cultura convencionais (enterobactérias e Legionella spp.). A carga bacteriana em amostras de água das torneiras e reservatórios estava dentro do paràmetro estabelecido pela legislando brasileira (<500 UFC/mL), mas a carga bacteriana das seringas tríplices e das saídas dos alta rotando sem as penas de mdo ndo estava. A implementando do protocolo para manutenndo da qualidade da água dos equipos reduziu a carga bacteriana nas saídas dos alta rotando sem as penas de mdo (p=0,004). Enterobactérias e Legionella spp. ndo foram isoladas de qualquer das amostras de água das torneiras e dos equipos odontológicos.

Biofilm on dental unit waterlines can spread microbial contamination in the water. The aim of this study was to investigate microbial contamination of water from supplies and dental units before and after the implementation of a protocol for microbial quality improvement and maintenance of dental unit water. The microbial load was evaluated in water from 27 taps and dental units (reservoirs, air-water syringes and highspeed outputs without handpieces) using the PetrifilmT system (total aerobic bacteria and fungi) and conventional culture media (enterobacteria and Legionella spp.). The bacterial load in water samples from taps and reservoirs was within the parameter established by Brazilian legislation (<500CFU/mL); but the bacterial load in samples from air-water syringes and high-speed outputs without handpieces was not. The implementation of the protocol for the maintenance of microbial quality in dental unit water reduced bacterial load in highspeed outputs without handpieces (p=0.004). Enterobacteria and Legionella spp. were not isolated from any of the water samples from taps and dental units.

333 downloads

15.

Direct Synthesis of Porous Carbon Materials Prepared from Diethyldithiocarbamate Metal Complexes and Their Electrochemical Behavior
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Silva, Herculano V. da

; Porto, Arilza O.

; Caliman, Cristiano C.

; Freitas Filho, Rubens L. de

; Cotta, Alexandre A. C.

; Macedo, Waldemar A. A.

; Teixeira, Ana Paula C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2018, Volume 29 Nº 9 Páginas 1904 - 1916

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Porous carbon materials were prepared at low temperatures via thermal decomposition of iron, nickel and cobalt N, N -diethyldithiocarbamates (DDT). X-ray diffraction data showed two peaks at 2θ (25.5º and 43.5º) that indicate the presence of graphite-like structures. Raman spectra displayed D and G bands in the range from 1312 to 1321 cm-1 and 1587 to 1593 cm-1, respectively, which were fitted with 4 components. All spectra showed two low intensity D* (1190 cm-1) and D’’ (1500 cm-1) bands, assigned to sp2–sp3 bonds in disordered carbonaceous materials and amorphous carbon, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy images showed agglomerates of spherical particles formed by graphitic segments. The results showed that the carbon material obtained from iron N, N -diethyldithiocarbamate, Fe(DDT)3, is structurally better organized than the others and the pore size distribution curves confirmed that this material presents high degree of mesoporosity. Voltammetric curves obtained using KOH and H2SO4 electrolytes showed hysteresis behavior typical of capacitors charge/discharge process. The carbon material prepared from Fe(DDT)3 displayed the highest specific capacitance in acidic media, 59 F g-1, which was associated to its high degree of mesoporosity.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180066 598 downloads

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