OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to determine rates of mask-wearing, of respiratory infection and the factors associated with mask-wearing and of respiratory infection in healthcare workers (HCWs) in Beijing during the winter of 2007/2008. METHODS: We conducted a survey of 400 HCWs working in eight hospitals in Beijing by face to face interview using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: We found that 280/400 (70.0%) of HCWs were compliant with mask-wearing while in contact with patients. Respiratory infection occurred in 238/400 (59.5%) subjects from November, 2007 through February, 2008. Respiratory infection was higher among females (odds ratio [OR], 2.00 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.16-3.49]) and staff working in larger hospitals (OR, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.092.72]), but was lower among subjects with seasonal influenza vaccination (OR, 0.46 [95% CI, 0.280.76]), wearing medical masks (reference: cotton-yarn; OR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.39-0.91]) or with good mask-wearing adherence (OR, 0.60 [95% CI, 0.37-0.98]). The risk of respiratory infection of HCWs working in low risk areas was similar to that of HCWs in high risk area. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that female HCWs and staffs working in larger hospitals are the focus of prevention and control of respiratory infection in Beijing hospitals. Mask-wearing and seasonal influenza vaccination are protective for respiratory infection in HCWs; the protective efficacy of medical masks is better than that of cotton yarn ones; respiratory infection of HCWs working in low risk areas should also be given attention.

Elimination of endemic measles transmission is the culmination of a range of control measures at a national level. Current documentation of elimination proposed by WHO's regional offices requires achieving specific targets for surveillance process indicators. We demonstrate how Australia, although not meeting these specific targets, has satisfied multiple criteria that justify the formal declaration of measles elimination. Our review shows that few countries previously declaring measles elimination have satisfied the current WHO surveillance targets. We argue that the requirements for recognition of measles elimination should not restrict countries to a particular type of surveillance system or surveillance criteria.

La eliminación de la transmisión endémica del sarampión supone la culminación de toda una serie de medidas de control desplegadas a nivel nacional. La actual documentación sobre la eliminación propuesta por las oficinas regionales de la OMS requiere que se alcancen metas concretas para los indicadores del proceso de vigilancia. Explicamos aquí de qué manera Australia, si bien no ha alcanzado esas metas específicas, ha satisfecho muchos criterios que justifican la declaración oficial de eliminación del sarampión. Nuestro análisis muestra que, entre los países que han declarado haber eliminado esta enfermedad, son pocos los que han alcanzado las actuales metas de vigilancia de la OMS. Se argumenta que, entre los requisitos para el reconocimiento de la eliminación del sarampión, no se debe exigir a los países que apliquen sólo un sistema de vigilancia o unos criterios de vigilancia determinados.

L'élimination de la transmission endémique de la rougeole est le point culminant d'une série de mesures de lutte contre cette maladie au niveau national. Pour attester de l'élimination de la rougeole, les Bureaux régionaux de l'OMS proposent actuellement que les indicateurs servant à la surveillance aient atteint des objectifs spécifiques. Nous démontrons comment l'Australie, bien que n'ayant pas atteint ces objectifs, a rempli plusieurs critères justifiant la déclaration formelle de l'élimination de la rougeole. Notre analyse montre que peu de pays ayant antérieurement déclaré la rougeole comme éliminée ont rempli les objectifs actuels en matière de surveillance de l'OMS. A notre avis, les exigences pour reconnaître l'élimination de la rougeole ne devraient pas imposer aux pays l'utilisation d'un type particulier de système ou de critère pour la surveillance.