Se probaron dos nemátodos entomopatogenicos locales y tres importados (EPNs) para controlar la cucaracha americana (Periplaneta americana) y la cucaracha alemana (Blattella germanica). Solamente dos Steinernematidae causaron mortalidad sustancial de las cucarachas, una cepa local de Steinernema sp. (cepa T1), y la otra fue una cepa importada de S. carpocapsae. Un cebo casero que contiene arcilla atapulgita en una proporción 3:7 (W:W, 10 g total por cebo) y 1x10(6) Steinernema sp. (T1) resultó en una mortalidad de 48,0 ± 4,7% de la cucaracha americana y 57.7 ± 8.0% mortalidad de la cucaracha alemana. Un cebo similar que contenía S. carpocapsae causó una mortalidad de 40,0 ± 3,3% para la cucaracha americana y 86,7 ± 4,7% mortalidad para la cucaracha alemana. La concentración óptima de Steinernema sp. (T1) y S. carpocapsae para controlar la cucaracha americana y cucaracha alemana fue de 1x10(6) EPNs y 5,4x10(4) EPNs por cebo respectivamente. El último instar de la cucaracha americana fue la más susceptible al ataque de cualquier nematodo mientras que no hubo diferencias en la susceptibilidad entre estadios en la cucaracha alemana.

Two local and three imported entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) were tested for control of the American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) and the German cockroach (Blattella germanica). Only two Steinernematidae caused substantial cockroach mortality; one was a local strain of Steinernema sp. (strain T1), and the other was an imported strain of S. carpocapsae. A homemade bait that contained cat food and attapulgite clay at a ratio of 3:7 (W:W, 10 g total per bait) and 1x10(6) Steinernema sp. (T1) per bait resulted in 48.0 ± 4.7% mortality of the American cockroach and 57.7 ± 8.0% mortality of the German cockroach. A similar bait containing S. carpocapsae caused 40.0 ± 3.3% mortality of the American cockroach and 86.7 ± 4.7% mortality of the German cockroach. The optimal concentration of Steinernema sp. (T1) and S. carpocapsae to control the American and German cockroach was 1x10(6) EPNs and 5.4x10(4) EPNs per bait, respectively. The most susceptible stage of the American cockroach to both EPNs was the last instar, but susceptibility of the German cockroach to both EPNs did not differ among cockroach stages.

Dois agentes de controle biológico, Bacillus subtilis AP-01 (Larminar®) e Trichoderma harzianum AP-001 (Trisan®) foram avaliados separadamente ou em combinação quanto à capacidade de controlar três doenças do tabaco: murcha bacteriana (bacterial wilt, Ralstonia solanacearum), tombamento de mudas (damping-off, Pythium aphanidermatum), e mancha olho-de-rã (frogeye leaf spot, Cercospora nicotiana). Os testes foram realizados em estufa, esterilizando-se o solo antes da inoculação dos patógenos. Os patógenos causadores da murcha bacteriana e tombamento de mudas foram inicialmente encharcados e acompanhados com os agentes de controle biológico e, para comparação, com um fungicida químico. Para a mancha olho-de-rã, causada por um fungo anemófilo, utilizou-se um processo de spray ao invés do encharcamento. Os resultados indicaram que nenhum dos dois agentes de controle biológico, aplicado isoladamente, foi capaz de controlar a murcha bacteriana, mas quando em combinação a capacidade de controle foi similar ao do tratamento químico. Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos para o tombamento de mudas. Além disso, a combinação de Bacillus subtilis AP-01 e Trichoderma harzianum AP-001 resultou em um controle muito eficiente da mancha olho-de-rã, que não diferiu significativamente daquele obtido com o tratamento químico.

Two biological control agents, Bacillus subtilis AP-01 (LarminarTM) and Trichoderma harzianum AP-001 (TrisanTM) alone or/in combination were investigated in controlling three tobacco diseases, including bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), damping-off (Pythium aphanidermatum), and frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora nicotiana). Tests were performed in greenhouse by soil sterilization prior to inoculation of the pathogens. Bacterial-wilt and damping off pathogens were drenched first and followed with the biological control agents and for comparison purposes, two chemical fungicides. But for frogeye leaf spot, which is an airborne fungus, a spraying procedure for every treatment including a chemical fungicide was applied instead of drenching. Results showed that neither B. subtilis AP-01 nor T. harzianum AP-001 alone could control the bacterial wilt, but when combined, their controlling capabilities were as effective as a chemical treatment. These results were also similar for damping-off disease when used in combination. In addition, the combined B. subtilis AP-01 and T. harzianum AP-001 resulted in a good frogeye leaf spot control, which was not significantly different from the chemical treatment.