Resumo As fraturas da cabeça radial representam mais de 50% de todas as fraturas do antebraço. Broberg e Morrey (modificação da classificação de Mason) as classificam em quatro tipos. As fraturas do tipo 1 são aquelas não deslocadas ou minimamente deslocadas, consideradas estáveis e sem bloqueio mecânico das articulações. Nesse tipo de fratura, um manejo não operatório com um curto período de imobilização permite bom resultado clínico sem desfechos adversos. Lesões associadas clinicamente relevantes não são comuns. Por esse motivo, a artrite da articulação radiocapitelar e ulnoumeral após a fratura da cabeça do rádio não deslocada é incomum. Este relato de caso apresenta um paciente jovem com diagnóstico de fratura isolada da cabeça radial não deslocada que evoluiu, 8 meses depois, para artrite global do cotovelo.

Abstract Fractures of the radial head account for over 50% of all fractures of the forearm. Broberg and Morrey (modification of the Mason classification) classify them in four types. Type 1 fractures are non-displaced or minimally displaced, considered stable and without mechanical joint blockage. In this type of fracture, a non-operative management with a short period of immobilization leads to a good clinical result without adverse outcomes. Clinically relevant associated lesions are not common. Because of this, arthritis of the radiocapitellar and ulnohumeral joint after the non-displaced radial head fracture is uncommon. This case report presents a young patient diagnosed with isolated non-displaced radial head fracture, that evolved 8 months later, to global arthritis of the elbow.

RESUMO Uma das consequências do processo de expansão industrial é a geração de grande quantidade de resíduos. Entre todos os resíduos gerados destacam-se as embalagens de vidro, que são um dos materiais com maior tempo de decomposição presentes em aterros sanitários e outros depósitos. Dentre os diferentes tipos de embalagens de vidro que são utilizadas têm-se as garrafas long neck, que são hoje um grande problema devido ao seu descarte após a utilização. Nesse contexto, visando minimizar este problema ambiental, destaca-se o setor da construção civil, que é um excelente meio para incorporar resíduos. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar a viabilidade de utilização de garrafas long neck moídas em substituição parcial a areia na produção de argamassa. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios de consistência no estado fresco e de resistência à tração na flexão, resistência à compressão e absorção de água por capilaridade no estado endurecido. Os percentuais de substituição de agregado miúdo por resíduo de vidro moído foram de 10, 15, 25 e 50 % nos tempos de 7, 28, 63 e 91 dias. Como resultados, nos ensaios de resistência mecânica, obtiveram-se resistências estatisticamente iguais ou superiores ao traço referência, sendo as maiores resistências obtidas com o teor de 50 % de resíduo de vidro moído. Já no ensaio de absorção de água por capilaridade, todos os traços de argamassa apresentaram elevado coeficiente de capilaridade, sendo considerados inadequados para utilização em argamassas de revestimento.

ABSTRACT One of the consequences of the industrial expansion process is the generation of large amounts of waste. Among all the waste generated stand out the glass packaging, which is one of the materials with the longest decomposition present in landfills and other deposits. Among the different types of glass packaging that are used are the long neck bottles, which are today a major problem due to their disposal after use. In this context, in order to minimize this environmental problem, we highlight the construction sector, which is an excellent way to incorporate waste. The objective of this work is to study the viability of using long neck milled bottles to partially replace sand in the production of mortar. For this purpose, fresh consistency and flexural tensile strength, compressive strength and hardened capillary water absorption tests were performed. The percentages of replacement of fine aggregate by ground glass residue were 10, 15, 25 and 50 % at 7, 28, 63 and 91 days. As a result, in the mechanical strength tests, resistances were obtained statistically equal to or higher than the reference trait, and the highest strengths were obtained with the 50 % residue of ground glass. In the capillary water absorption test, all traces of mortar presented high coefficient of capillarity, being considered unsuitable for use in coating mortars.

The role of rodents in the epidemiology of toxoplasmosis was investigated in Londrina, Paraná State, Brazil. One hundred and eighty-one Rattus rattus and one Mus musculus were caught in 37 places. Blood and tissues were collected and submitted to the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and the bioassay. Serum samples from 61 contacting dogs were also collected. Sixteen rats (8.8%) were positive for Toxoplasma gondii, but just two of them were positive by serology and bioassay test. Antibodies were found in nine (4.9%) rats. Tissues of nine rats bioassayed were positive and four isolates were obtained. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was performed using 12 markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG2-alt, C22-8, C29-2, L358, PK1, BTUB, GRA6, SAG3, Apico, CS3). Genotyping revealed that the four strains isolated from this study have been isolated before in cats and chickens from Brazil. None of the isolates was identified like clonal archetypal T-types I, II, and III. The rats presented lower serologic Toxoplasma gondii prevalence (8.8%) compared to contacting dogs (70.5%).

Abstract A novel trypsin inhibitor of protease (CqTI) was purified from Chenopodium quinoa seeds. The optimal extracting solvent was 0.1M NaCl pH 6.8 (p < 0.05). The extraction time of 5h and 90 °C was optimum for the recovery of the trypsin inhibitor from C. quinoa seeds. The purification occurred in gel-filtration and reverse phase chromatography. CqTI presented active against commercial bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin and had a specific activity of 5,033.00 (TIU/mg), which was purified to 333.5-fold. The extent of purification was determined by SDS-PAGE. CqTI had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 12KDa and two bands in reduced conditions as determined by Tricine-SDS-PAGE. MALDI-TOF showed two peaks in 4,246.5 and 7,908.18m/z. CqTI presented high levels of essential amino acids. N-terminal amino acid sequence of this protein did not show similarity to any known protease inhibitor. Its activity was stable over a pH range (2-12), temperatures range (20-100 °C) and reducing agents.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the incidence of sports injuries in college athletes from the same institution from 1993 to 2013. METHODS: Athletes from 13 modalities were interviewed about the presence and type of injury, type of treatment and time of withdrawal, based on the questionnaire "Injury Surveillance System" (ISS). Data were analyzed with graphs and tables of injury prevalence by gender, age, site of injury and modality. We also analyzed the average time of withdrawal of athletes, returning to sports practice and new lesions. RESULTS: It was observed that 49.91% of the athletes showed some type of injury, with similar incidence between genders; the most frequent injuries were the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the ankle sprain; the average withdrawal time was 11 weeks. ACL was the injury with greater impact on college sports career, especially given the time of withdrawal. CONCLUSION: The most frequent injury, ACL, occurred most frequently in indoor sports such as handball and volleyball and had the highest number of cases treated with surgery and a longer average withdrawal time. More studies are needed to create a larger database in order to schedule preventive measures for amateur athletes. Level IV of Evidence, Epidemiological Study.

O estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito de adubos orgânicos de diferentes origens, empregados como fontes de nitrogênio, sobre a atividade vegetativa das plantas de tangerineira (cv Clemenules/Poncirus trifoliata) durante a fase inicial de desenvolvimento e atributos químicos e microbiológicos do solo, nas condições pedológicas e climáticas da região de Pelotas-RS. O experimento foi conduzido durante dois anos (2002-2003), utilizando-se de plantas de 18 meses de idade, em vasos de 35 kg de capacidade, irrigadas por gotejamento, com seis repetições, sendo cada unidade experimental constituída por uma planta. Os tratamentos confrontados foram os seguintes: Controle (sem adubação); Adubação mineral (AM); Vermicomposto (VC); Vermicomposto + sangue bovino seco (VC + SB) e Resíduo da indústria de transformação de sucos cítricos (RITC). Ao final de cada estação vegetativa, foram avaliados os seguintes parâmetros biométricos: área de seção do porta-enxerto, altura da copa, número de brotações, folhas totais produzidas por planta e massa fresca e seca das folhas. Ao fim do experimento, três plantas de cada tratamento foram desplantadas, separados os principais órgãos, determinando-se a área total das folhas produzidas, a massa fresca e seca dos ramos principal e secundários e das raízes, separadas em grossas e finas. Na mesma época, amostras de solo de cada vaso foram coletadas e utilizadas para as análises químicas e microbiológicas. Em ambos os anos, foram coletadas folhas avaliando-se a concentração dos macronutrientes. Os efeitos mais marcantes sobre o desenvolvimento das plantas foram observados naquelas em que, além do vermicomposto (VC), foi fornecido periodicamente sangue seco (VC + SB). No solo desses tratamentos, também foi observado aumento do teor de nitrogênio total e da atividade microbiana do solo, avaliada pela respiração basal. O aporte de sangue seco (VC + SB) supriu satisfatoriamente as necessidades de N ocorrido nas plantas fertilizadas com adubo orgânico mesmo que estas últimas tenham recebido, no biênio de experimentação, cerca de 40% a menos de nitrogênio em relação às plantas adubadas com a fonte mineral (AM). Por isso, os tratamentos VC e RITC induziram um efeito limitado no desenvolvimento das plantas, enquanto, provavelmente, estas duas últimas fontes, e nas quantidades utilizadas, não forneceram suficientemente nitrogênio disponível para suprir a demanda das plantas. De maneira geral, a concentração dos macronutrientes foliares foi adequada em relação ao P, K, Ca e Mg e abaixo do normal para o N, demonstrando a elevada exigência desse nutriente na fase inicial de crescimento e desenvolvimento de tangerineiras cv. Clemenules.

In order to evaluate the effect of different organic fertilization strategies, as nitrogen source, on vegetative growth of young citrus plants as well as on chemical and microbiological soil properties, a two-year experiment was performed on eighteen months old citrus plants (cv Clemenules) grafted on Poncirus trifoliata. The trees were transplanted in 35 L pots filled with a sandy-loam soil and drip irrigation. The following treatments were compared: Control (unfertilized); Mineral fertilizer (MF); Vermicompost (VC); Vermicompost + blood meal (VC + BM); Citrus compost (CC). Each treatment was applied to 6 plants (replicates). At the end of each vegetative season the following parameters were measured: rootstock section area, plant height, leaf and shoot number per plant, leaf fresh and dry matter. Three plants per treatment were harvested and leaf total area, branches and roots (divided in fine and coarse) fresh and dry matter were recorded. In addition, soil samples of each pot were collected and soil chemical and microbiological properties were measured. Plant growth was positively affected by VC + BM fertilization strategy in comparison to the other treatments. Such effect was observed despite the total amount of N supplied to VC + BM, was about 40% lower than the N applied to plants by mineral source MF. The supply of blood meal contributed to avoid the temporary soil N-deficiency occurred when organic fertilizer is incorporated into the soil. VC and CC strategies induced limited effects on plant growth likely due to the lower soil N-availability than the plant requirements. Moreover, only VC + SB promoted soil total N and microbial soil respiration. Generally, the macronutrient concentration in the leaves was adequate in relation to P, K, Ca and Mg, except for N, giving evidence of the high request for N at the beginning of growing and development stage of Clemenules tangerines.

Turfeiras topotróficas caracterizam-se como corpos de águas rasas, permanente ou periodicamente alagados por água do lençol freático, percolada através do solo inorgânico das terras altas adjacentes à depressão central da turfeira. Possuem solos orgânicos e a cobertura vegetal é dominanda por fanerógamas aquáticas emergentes. Este estudo visou o levantamento da diversidade específica e caracterização das principais formações vegetais ao longo de duas transecções de 200m em uma turfeira topotrófica na localidade de Domingos Petrolini (Rio Grande, RS). Em março/1998, o total de 48 espécies vegetais (30 famílias) foram encontradas nas 40 parcelas de 5m × 2m observadas nas duas transecções efetuadas. Cerca de 56% das espécies eram plantas aquáticas herbáceas (submersas, flutuantes ou emergentes) e apenas 10% arbustos ou árvores. Sete espécies dominaram a cobertura vegetal (Eupatorium tremulum, Eryngium pandanifolium, Blechnum brasiliense, Rhynchospora sp., Xyris jupicai, Utricularia gibba e Cladium jamaicense). Quatro formações vegetais tipicamente distribuídas em relação à topografia e à distância do lençol freático foram caracterizadas: (1) banhados do capim-navalha Cladium jamaicense, drenados apenas no verão, ocupam a depressão central da turfeira (DCT); (2) planos médios de Gravatás/Caraguatás (Eryngium pandanifolium) associados a samambaia Blechnum brasiliense (+0,5 a +1,5m da DCT); (3) bosques marginais de arbustos palustres (+1 a +3m da DCT) são dominados por Eupatorium tremulum; e (4) campos de turfa recobertos por ciperáceas de pequeno porte, gramas boiadeiras e botões-de-ouro (Xyris jupicai) ocupam a borda do afloramento da turfa (+3 a +4m da DCT).

Fens are characterized as shallow water bodies permanently or periodically flooded by ground-water table, originating from the percolation of rain water through mineral soils of uplands adjacent to the fen central basin. Fens have organic soil and their plant cover is dominat by emergent phanerophytes. This study aims to survey the specific diversity and characterize the main vegetation types along two 200m transects positioned in a fen of the southern Brazilian county of Domingos Petrolini (32° 02' S; 52° 17' W; Rio Grande, RS). In March/1998, 48 plant species (30 families) were recorded in forty 5m × 2m plots along the two transects. Herbaceous aquatic macrophytes (submersed, flooting or emergent) represented 56% of species, but 10% were shrubs or trees. Seven species dominate the vegetation (Eupatorium tremulum, Eryngium pandanifolium, Blechnum brasiliense, Rhynchospora sp., Xyris jupicai, Utricularia gibba, and Cladium jamaicense). The vegetation types include (1) summer exposed swampsdominated by Cladium jamaicense (placed in the fen central basin; FCB), (2) intermediate level of Gravatás/Caraguatás (Eryngium pandanifolium) associated with the fern Blechnum brasiliense (+0.5 to +1.5m from the FCB), (3) marginal palustrine shrubs (+1 to +3m from the FCB) dominated by Eupatorium tremulum and (4) turf fields covered by small sedges, soft-leaved grasses with the yellow-eyed grass (Xyris jupicai) occupying the upper border of the fen (+3 to +4m from the FCB).