Pesquisa | SciELO

We report the complete genome sequence and analysis of an invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae strain that caused endocarditis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It was selected for sequencing on the basis of the current relevance of nontoxigenic strains for public health. The genomic information was explored in the context of diversity, plasticity and genetic relatedness with other contemporary strains.

There has been a resurgence in the number of pertussis cases in Brazil and around the world. Here, the genome of a clinical Bordetella pertussis strain (Bz181) that was recently isolated in Brazil is reported. Analysis of the virulence-associated genes defining the pre- and post-vaccination lineages revealed the presence of the prn2-ptxS1A-fim3B-ptxP3 allelic profile in Bz181, which is characteristic of the current pandemic lineage. A putative metallo-β-lactamase gene presenting all of the conserved zinc-binding motifs that characterise the catalytic site was identified, in addition to a multidrug efflux pump of the RND family that could confer resistance to erythromycin, which is the antibiotic of choice for treating pertussis disease.

Background: Digestive refeeding in acute pancreatitis represent a dificult issue. It requires the rsolution of intestinal ileus and carries a risk of reactivation. Aim: To evaluate criteria that may guide in early refeeding avoiding unnecesary prolonged fasting. Patients and methods: Thirty patients with acute pancreatitis were evaluated in a prospective trial. The severity of the pancreatitis was evaluated according to APACHE II score and Balthazar CT scan altertions. The criteria proposed to start early refeeding were abscence of nausea and vomiting, decreased abdominal pain, presence of bowel sounds and lowering of serum amylase levels. Balthazar CT scan clasification, was used to decide between oral or enteral refeeding. Results. Eighty percent of patients had alterations in pancreatic density, necrosis or pancretic or peripancreatic liquid collections in the CT scan (correspondig to Balthazar stages C,D,or E). Ten patients fullfilled the criteria for enteral refeeding at 8.1 ± 3.5 days (range 3 to 15 days), and 21 patients fulfilled criteria fo enteral refeeding at 8.7±4.5 (range 4-19). No patient had a reactivation of his pancreatitis. Conclusions. Digestive refeeding can be done safely by using the criteria proposed in this study. Pancreatic necrosis or peripancreatic fluid collections do not contraindicate refeeding. Oral feeding may be employed (as the first option) in selected patients, without increasing the riskof complication, regardless of CT scan alterations of the pancreas (Rev Méd Chile 2001;129: 396-391)

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