Pesquisa | SciELO

Objectives: Past suicide attempt (SA) is one of the most important risk factors for suicide death. An ideation-to-action framework posits that impulsivity, potentially traumatic events, and mental disorders also play a role in increasing suicide risk. This study aimed to assess the association between trait impulsivity, lifetime exposure to trauma, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) with SA in a sample of Brazilian college students. Methods: A total of 2,137 participants filled self-reported questionnaires consisting of a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, Trauma History Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist – Civilian version, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale. Results: Our findings suggest that trait impulsivity may be interpreted as exerting a distal effect on SA, even in the presence of other variables – such as trauma history, psychological neglect, and PTSD – which also increase the odds of SA. High and medium levels of impulsivity, history of trauma, and PTSD increased the likelihood of SA. Conclusions: Intervention strategies to prevent SA may target trait impulsivity and exposure to traumatic experiences.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2021-2175

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 2 elocation e20201604

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 downloads

Reinventando o método de Aristarco
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Freitas, Lucas V.

; Santucci, Rafael M.

; Marques, Ivo A.

Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física

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2021, Volume 43 elocation e20210062

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O matemático e astrônomo grego Aristarco de Samos, século III a.C., foi a primeira pessoa a sistematizar um método para estimar distâncias e tamanhos relativos entre Terra, Sol e Lua. Ele também foi o primeiro a propor que a Terra gira em torno do Sol. No presente trabalho realizamos uma revisão, em linguagem moderna, do método proposto por Aristarco para estimar a distância do Sol à Terra, S, em relação a distância da Lua à Terra, L. Na sequência apresentamos o modelo proposto por nós para a determinação experimental da razão S/L e do diâmetro angular do Sol e da Lua, bem como a montagem experimental utilizada. Realizamos dois experimentos, um com a Lua Crescente e um com a Lua Minguante. Destacamos que nosso principal objetivo é trabalhar a temática do cálculo de distâncias astrômicas com o uso de modelos geométricos. Esperamos que professores de matemática, física e astronomia venham utilizar o presente material em suas aulas e apresentações, problematizando com os alunos as dificuldades técnicas e históricas e os aspectos físicos e geométricos envolvidos. E, se possível, que reproduzam as medidas.

The greek mathematician and astronomer Aristarchus of Samos, 3rd century BC, was the first person to systematize a method to estimating relative distances and sizes between Earth, Sun and Moon. He was also the first to propose that the Earth revolves around the Sun. In the present work, we carried out a review, in modern language, of the method proposed by Aristarchus to estimate the distance from the Sun to the Earth, S, in relation to the distance from the Moon to the Earth, L. After that we present the model proposed by us to do the experimental determination of the ratio S/L and the angular diameter of the Sun and Moon, as well as the experimental setup used. We performed two experiments, one with the Crescent Moon and one with the Waning Moon. We emphasize that our main objective is to deal with calculating astronomical distances with the use of geometric models. We expect that teachers of mathematics, physics and astronomy will use this material in their classes and presentations, discussing with students the technical and historical difficulties and the physical and geometric aspects involved. And, if possible, that they reproduce the measures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2021-0062 388 downloads

Ureaplasma diversum clearance in lung mice infection is mediated by neutrophils
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SILVA, JAMILE R. DA

; OLIVEIRA, PERCÍLLIA V.S. DE

; NOLASCO, PATRICIA

; SANTANA, HUGO

; REZENDE, IZADORA S.

; SANTOS, DENISAR P. DOS

; TIMENETSKY, JORGE

; MARQUES, LUCAS M.

; FIGUEIREDO, TIANA B.

; SILVA, ROBSON A.A DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 4 elocation e20200424

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Pneumonia in cattle is one of the causes of morbidity rates and economic loss. The host response to lung infections caused by Ureaplasma diversum in bovines is virtually unknown. Here in the immune response was evaluated in a murine model for an experimental pulmonary infection by U. diversum. Therefore, AJ, BALB/C and C57BL/6 mice received intratracheal inoculation of U. diversum and were evaluated after 1, 2, 3, 7 and 14 days and the clinical specimens were collected. In bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) an increase of inflammatory cells was observed. Neutrophils were the main cells recruited to the site of infection and the infiltration was coincided with the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. We found a large amount of neutrophil in this initial period, followed by a decrease 7 and 14 days post infection, accompanied by bacterial clearance. Our results evidenced the presence of U. diversum within the neutrophil that suggests a phagocytic role of this cell in the elimination of the infection. The immune response features reported here are the initial evidence that healthy immune systems may control these microorganisms. This may be the first step to design new strategies immune based to control the infections in naturally infected hosts.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200424 109 downloads

Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19: A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital
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Fink, Thais T.

; Marques, Heloisa H.S.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Lindoso, Livia

; Bain, Vera

; Astley, Camilla

; Martins, Fernanda

; Matheus, Denise

; Matsuo, Olivia M.

; Suguita, Priscila

; Trindade, Vitor

; Paula, Camila S.Y.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.L.

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Leal, Gabriela N.

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Duarte, Alberto José S.

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Batisttella, Linamara R.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto R.

; Buchpiguel, Carlos A.

; Latronico, Ana Claudia

; Seelaender, Marilia

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda B.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Brentani, Alexandra V. M.

; Neto, Álvaro José S.

; Ihara, Amanda

; Santos, Andrea R.

; Canton, Ana Pinheiro M.

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Santos, Angélica C. dos

; Pastorino, Antonio C.

; Franco, Bernadette D. G. M.

; Caruzo, Bruna

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Martins, Carolina C. M. F.

; Prado, Danilo

; Abellan, Deipara M.

; Benatti, Fabiana B.

; Smaria, Fabiana

; Gonçalves, Fernanda T.

; Penteado, Fernando D.

; Castro, Gabriela S. F. de

; Gonçalves, Guilherme S.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Disi, Ilana R.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Castro, Inar A.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Faiad, Jaline Z.

; Fiamoncini, Jarlei

; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.

; Carneiro, Jorge D. A.

; Paz, Jose A.

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Silva, Katia R.

; Bastos, Karina L. M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Cristofani, Lilian M.

; Souza, Lucas V. B.

; Campos, Lucia M. A.

; Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente R. F.

; Sapienza, Marcelo T.

; Lima, Marcos S.

; Garanito, Marlene P.

; Santos, Márcia F. A.

; Dorna, Mayra B.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Gaiolla, Paula V. V.

; Pasqualucci, Paula

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Correa-Silva, Simone

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Imamura, Marta

; Forsait, Silvana

; Santos, Vera A.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3511

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate demographic, anthropometric and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) METHODS: This was a longitudinal observational study of surviving pediatric post-COVID-19 patients (n=53) and pediatric subjects without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 included as controls (n=52) was performed. RESULTS: The median duration between COVID-19 diagnosis (n=53) and follow-up was 4.4 months (0.8-10.7). Twenty-three of 53 (43%) patients reported at least one persistent symptom at the longitudinal follow-up visit and 12/53 (23%) had long COVID-19, with at least one symptom lasting for >12 weeks. The most frequently reported symptoms at the longitudinal follow-up visit were headache (19%), severe recurrent headache (9%), tiredness (9%), dyspnea (8%), and concentration difficulty (4%). At the longitudinal follow-up visit, the frequencies of anemia (11% versus 0%, p=0.030), lymphopenia (42% versus 18%, p=0.020), C-reactive protein level of >30 mg/L (35% versus 0%, p=0.0001), and D-dimer level of >1000 ng/mL (43% versus 6%, p=0.0004) significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chest X-ray abnormalities (11% versus 2%, p=0.178) and cardiac alterations on echocardiogram (33% versus 22%, p=0.462) were similar at both visits. Comparison of characteristic data between patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit and controls showed similar age (p=0.962), proportion of male sex (p=0.907), ethnicity (p=0.566), family minimum monthly wage (p=0.664), body mass index (p=0.601), and pediatric pre-existing chronic conditions (p=1.000). The Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory 4.0 scores, median physical score (69 [0-100] versus 81 [34-100], p=0.012), and school score (60 [15-100] versus 70 [15-95], p=0.028) were significantly lower in pediatric patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed a longitudinal impact on HRQoL parameters, particularly in physical/school domains, reinforcing the need for a prospective multidisciplinary approach for these patients. These data highlight the importance of closer monitoring of children and adolescents by the clinical team after COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3511

[SciELO Preprints] - Structural vulnerability of hospitals, cemeteries, and crematoriums of the city of São Paulo to COVID-19
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Gaiarsa, Marilia Palumbo Marquitti, Flávia Maria D. Lemos-Costa, Paula Burin, Gustavo Medeiros, Lucas P. Velásquez, Viviana Márquez Santana, Pamela C. Santana, Erika Marques Maia, Kate P. Muniz, Danilo Cosmo, Leandro G. Assis, Ana Paula A. Birskis-Barros, Irina Cantor, Mauricio Emer, Carine Andreazzi, Cecilia Siliansky de Pires, Mathias M. Côrtes, Marina C. Melo, Diogo Cruz, Wesley F. Dáttilo da Raimundo, Rafael Luís G. Migon, Eduardo X. F. G. Guimarães Jr, Paulo R.

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Data de publicação: 2020-05-09

Resumo: En Pt

This is the first report by the COVID19 Observatory - Group: Contagion Networks analyzing mortality data from the city of São Paulo. In this report, we integrated mortality data for the city of São Paulo between 04/02/2020 and 04/28/2020, with information on the flow of victims between hospitals and cemeteries/crematoriums. We included in our analyzes both confirmed and suspected deaths from COVID-19. The main objectives of this report were: (1) to describe the structure of the flow of victims between locations and (2) to suggest changes in the current flow based on geographical distances in order to avoid a potential overload of the mortuary system. We suggest that the city of São Paulo should plan for a potential overload of the mortuary system (that is, the number of burials), based on the presented results. Thus, our results reinforce the need to adopt specific planning for the management of the extraordinary number of victims of this pandemic. Our predictions are based on the structural analysis of the COVID-19 victim flow network, which shows several hotspots with high vulnerability to system overload. These hotspots concentrate with either the greatest number of deaths (hospital) or of burials (cemetery or crematorium), and therefore have high potential to become overwhelmed by receiving many bodies due to the increase in victims of the pandemic. We recommend special attention to be given to localities on the east side of São Paulo, which has both the most vulnerable hospitals in the city, and also houses cemeteries and crematoriums that have a central role in the network and / or are vulnerable. Based on our optimization analysis, we suggest logistical changes in the current flow of bodies from hospitals to cemeteries/crematoriums so as not to overload the funeral system and minimize transportation costs. In this sense, our results are potentially useful for improving the operational planning of the Municipality of São Paulo, ratifying or rectifying actions underway at the municipal level.

Este é o primeiro relatório do Observatório COVID19 - Grupo: Redes de Contágio analisando os dados de óbitos da cidade de São Paulo. Neste relatório, integramos os dados de óbitos da cidade de São Paulo entre os dias 02/04/2020 e 28/04/2020 com informações sobre o fluxo de vítimas entre os hospitais e os cemitérios e crematórios da cidade de São Paulo. Incluímos em nossas análises óbitos confirmados e óbitos suspeitos de COVID-19. Os principais objetivos deste relatório são: (1) descrever a estrutura do fluxo de vítimas entre localidades e (2) sugerir mudanças no fluxo com base em distâncias geográficas de maneira a evitar uma potencial sobrecarga do sistema funerário. Sugere-se à prefeitura da cidade de São Paulo que seja realizado um planejamento para uma potencial sobrecarga do sistema funerário (isto é, número de sepultamentos) da cidade de São Paulo com base nos resultados apresentados. Desta forma, nossos resultados reforçam a necessidade de ser adotado planejamento específico para a gestão dos casos extraordinários visualizados no contexto da pandemia. Esta previsão está baseada na análise estrutural da rede de fluxos de vítimas da COVID-19, que indica a concentração de vários locais com alta vulnerabilidade à sobrecarga do sistema. Tais locais concentram a maior quantidade de óbitos (hospitais) ou a maior concentração de sepultamentos (cemitérios ou crematórios) e tem portanto alto potencial de tornarem-se sobrecarregados por receberem muitos corpos devido ao aumento de vítimas da pandemia. Recomenda-se especial atenção à localidades da zona leste de São Paulo, que apresenta os hospitais mais vulneráveis da cidade e abriga cemitérios e crematórios que possuem papel central na rede e/ou encontram-se vulneráveis. Com base em nossa análise de otimização, sugerimos mudanças logísticas no atual fluxo de corpos de hospitais para cemitérios/crematórios de modo a não sobrecarregar o sistema funerário e minimizar os custos de transporte. Neste sentido, nossos resultados são potencialmente úteis ao aperfeiçoamento do planejamento operacional da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, ratificando ou retificando ações em curso no âmbito municipal.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.381

Modeling of tree recruitment by artificial neural networks after wood harvesting in a forest in eastern Amazon rain forest
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Reis, Leonardo Pequeno

; Souza, Agostinho Lopes de

; Reis, Pamella Carolline Marques dos Reis

; Mazzei, Lucas

; Leite, Helio Garcia

; Soares, Carlos Pedro Boechat

; Torres, Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto

; Silva, Liniker Fernandes da

; Ruschel, Ademir Roberto

; Rêgo, Lyvia Julienne Sousa

Ciência Florestal

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Jun 2019, Volume 29 Nº 2 Páginas 583 - 594

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A modelagem do recrutamento em florestais tropicais é importante para estudos de sustentabilidade do manejo florestal, por dar subsídio adequado à recuperação do estoque de madeira. O objetivo do trabalho foi estimar o recrutamento após a colheita de madeira, empregando um modelo de rede neural artificial (RNA). A área de estudo está localizada na Floresta Nacional do Tapajós (55°00’ W, 2°45’ S), Pará. Em 64 ha da área de estudo, em 1979, foi realizada colheita intensiva de 72,5 m3 ha-1. Em 1981 foram instaladas, aleatoriamente, 36 parcelas permanentes de 50 m x 50 m. Essas parcelas foram mensuradas em 1982, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2007, 2010 e 2012. Para modelar o recrutamento foram consideradas as variáveis da subparcela-alvo e a sua vizinhança. As estimativas obtidas no treino e na generalização da RNA foram avaliadas pelas estatísticas: correlação () e raiz quadrada do erro quadrático médio (RQRQM), sendo obtido RQRQM 35,6% e 0,89. Foi possível modelar a tendência do recrutamento ao longo do tempo em florestas tropicais, após a colheita de madeira.

Abstract Recruitment models in tropical forests are important for studies on forest management sustainability because they provide adequate support to recovery of wood stocks. The objective of this work was to estimate recruitment after wood harvesting by using an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The study area is located at Tapajós National Forest (55° 00’ W, 2° 45’ S), Pará state. In 64 ha of the study area, in 1979, an intensive harvest of 72.5 m3 ha-1 was carried out. In 1981, 36 permanent plots of 50 m x 50 m were randomly installed. These plots were measured in 1982, 1983, 1985, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2007, 2010 and 2012. For recruitment modeling, the variables of the target subplot and its vicinity were considered. The estimates obtained in ANN training and generalization were evaluated by statistics: correlation () and root mean square error (RMSE) were determined: RMSE 35.6% and 0.89. Recruitment tendency could be modeled over time in tropical forests after wood harvesting.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509825808 694 downloads

Molecular detection of Mycoplasma suis in extensive pig production systems in the State of Maranhão, northeast Brazil
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Martins, Mickaellen Susanny dos Santos

; Silva, Lucas Diniz

; Miranda, Leandro Macêdo

; Lima, Cristian Alex Aquino

; Amaral, Renan Bressianini do

; Machado, Rosangela Zacarias

; André, Marcos Rogério

; Braga, Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira

; Rosário, Carla Janaina Rebouças Marques do

; Melo, Ferdinan Almeida

; Pereira, José Gomes

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Abr 2019, Volume 28 Nº 2 Páginas 306 - 309

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Mycoplasma suis é uma bactéria que causa a hemoplasmose em suínos. Este agente é capaz de se aderir à superfície dos eritrócitos de suínos, ocasionando deformações estruturais nestas células. No Brasil, poucos são os relatos acerca do parasita, da infecção e de seus impactos econômicos nas esferas produtiva e sanitária. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar, por meio da PCR em tempo real quantitativa (qPCR) baseada no gene 16S rRNA, a ocorrência de M. suis em 64 amostras de sangue de suínos de criações extensivas dos municípios de Itapecuru Mirim, Santa Rita e Rosário, localizados no estado do Maranhão. Foram obtidos um percentual de 82,3%, 65,2% e 25% de amostras positivas na qPCR para M. suis nos municípios de Itapecuru Mirim, Santa Rita e Rosário, respectivamente. Este estudo mostra que M. suis circula entre os suínos de criações extensivas no estado do Maranhão.

Abstract Mycoplasma suis is a bacterium that causes hemoplasmosis in pigs. This agent is capable of adhering to the surface of porcine erythrocytes, inducing structural changes on these cells. In Brazil, there are few reports about the disease, its causal agent, and the economic impact of this pathogen on pig production systems and farm sanitation. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of M. suis in extensive swine farms located in the counties of Itapecuru Mirim, Santa Rita and Rosario, State of Maranhão, northeast Brazil. For such purpose, 64 blood samples of pigs from these facilities were tested for M. suis using a 16S rRNA gene-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR); 82.3%, 65.2% and 25% of blood samples of swine from farms in the cities of Itapecuru Mirim, Santa Rita and Rosario were positive for M. suis by qPCR, respectively. This study shows, for the first time, that M. suis circulates in pig populations from the state of Maranhão, Northeast Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-296120180099 636 downloads

Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospital and community environments in northeastern Brazil
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Carvalho, Suzi P. de

; Almeida, Jéssica B. de

; Andrade, Yasmin M.F.S.

; Silva, Lucas S.C. da

; Chamon, Raiane C.

; Santos, Kátia R.N. dos

; Marques, Lucas M.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Mar 2019, Volume 23 Nº 2 Páginas 134 - 138

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study characterized 30 MRSA isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) environment and equipment surfaces and healthy children. The SCCmec types I, IVa and V were detected in HA-MRSA isolates while CA-MRSA showed the SCCmec type IVa and V. Most isolates were classified as agr group II. All isolates presented the sei gene, and only HA-MRSA were positive for etb e tst genes. Three genotypes were related to Pediatric (ST5/SCCmecIV) and Berlin (ST45/SCCmecIV) clones. The present study showed molecular similarity between CA- and HA-MRSA isolates in hospital and community settings in a Brazilian region.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.04.005 674 downloads

10.

Bacterial pathogens of the lower respiratory tract of calves from Brazilian rural settlement herds and their association with clinical signs of bovine respiratory disease
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Gaeta, Natália C.

; Ribeiro, Bruno L.M.

; Alemán, Mario A.R.

; Yoshihara, Eidi

; Nassar, Alessandra F.C.

; Marques, Lucas M.

; Timenetsky, Jorge

; Gregory, Lilian

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Mar 2018, Volume 38 Nº 3 Páginas 374 - 381

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A doença respiratória dos bovinos (DRB) é considerada a principal causa de perdas econômicas nas produções de leite e carne. O objetivo deste estudo foi detectar as mais importantes bactérias relacionadas a doença respiratória presentes em amostras de lavado traqueobrônquico de bezerros sadios e com sinais clínicos da DRB de assentamentos brasileiros. Cento e quarenta e um bezerros leiteiros sem raça definida foram randomicamente selecionados de 42 rebanhos leiteiros de assentamentos brasileiros. Exame físico foi realizado e os animais foram classificados em sadios (n=100) e com DRB (n=41). Amostras de lavado traqueobrônquico foram coletadas. Foram realizados o isolamento e a detecção molecular de Mycoplasma dispar, M. bovis e M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC além de isolamento de outras bactérias aeróbias. Ruídos pulmonares anormais (crepitação/ ronco/sibilo), secreção nasal mucopurulenta/purulenta, temperatura corporal >39.5°C e frequência respiratória >40 movimentos respiratórios/min foram observados com maior frequência em bezerros com DRB comparado aos animais sadios (P<0.05). Bacillus sp, Staphylococcus intermedius e bactérias Gram-negativas não fermentadoras foram as bactérias mais prevalentes. Bactérias da família Enterobacteriaceae cuja espécie não fora identificada foram mais frequentes em bezerros com DRB comparado aos bezerros sadios (P<0.05). Mollicutes foram isolados em 7,4% das amostras e somente M. dispar foi detectado. Mollicutes foi associado à secreção nasal purulenta/mucopurulenta (P=0.017). Pantoea agglomerans foi associada a taquipneia (P=0.020), e Streptococcus spp. Foi associado a hipertermia. Tendência estatística foi observada para M. dispar e taquipneia (P=0.066), e P. agglomerans e taquicardia (P=0.066). Os resultados obtidos descrevem os micro-organismos encontrados no lavado traqueobrônquico de bezerros com DRB em rebanhos de agricultura familiar brasileira e sua relação com as manifestações clínicas da DRB.

ABSTRACT: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is considered the major cause of economic losses in dairy and beef cattle production. The study aimed to detect the most important bacteria related to respiratory disease in tracheobronchial fluid samples of healthy and dairy calves with clinical signs of BRD in Brazilian rural settlements. Hundred and forty-one mongrel dairy calves were randomly selected from 42 family farm dairy herds from Brazilian settlements. Physical examination was performed and calves were classified as healthy (n=100) and BRD (n=41). Tracheobronchial fluid samples were collected. Isolation and molecular detection of Mycoplasma dispar, M. bovis and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides SC besides isolation of other aerobic bacteria were performed. Abnormal lung sounds (crackle/snoring/whistle), mucopurulent/purulent nasal discharge, body temperature >39.5°C and respiratory rate >40 breaths/min were higher in BRD calves compared to healthy calves (P<0.05). Bacillus sp., Staphylococcus intermedius and non-fermentative Gram-negative were the most prevalent bacteria isolated. Non-identified species from Enterobacteriaceae family was higher in BRD calves compared to healthy calves (P<0.05). Mollicutes were isolated in 7.4% of samples and only M. dispar was detected. Mollicutes was associated with purulent/mucopurulent nasal discharge (P=0.017). Pantoea agglomerans was associated to tachypnea (P=0.020), and Streptococcus spp. was associated with hyperthermia. Statistical tendencies were observed to M. dispar and tachypnea (P=0.066), and P. agglomerans and tachycardia (P=0.066). The obtained results describe the microorganisms found in tracheobronchial fluid of calves with BRD in some herds of Brazilian family farming and their relation to clinical signs of BRD.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5323 1825 downloads

11.

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying SCCmec type IV and V isolated from healthy children attending public daycares in northeastern Brazil
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Carvalho, Suzi P. de

; Almeida, Jéssica B. de

; Andrade, Yasmin M.F.S.

; Silva, Lucas S.C. da

; Oliveira, Arianne C. de

; Nascimento, Flávia S.

; Campos, Guilherme B.

; Oliveira, Márcio V.

; Timenetsky, Jorge

; Marques, Lucas M.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Ago 2017, Volume 21 Nº 4 Páginas 464 - 467

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have increasingly been reported in healthy communities. This study aimed to assess the rate of S. aureus in general and MRSA in particular from nasal secretion of children in daycare centers in Vitória da Conquista, Brazil. The isolates were identified based on morphology, biochemical tests and by PCR. Detection of virulence genes, biofilm production, and susceptibility test by disk diffusion agar were performed. MRSA isolates were characterized by spa, SCCmec, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). S. aureus were recovered from 70 (47.3%) of 148 children. Among the 11 MRSA strains (15.7%), two SCCmec types (IV and V) were detected. MLST identified four STs related to three clonal complexes (CC): 5, 45, and 398. Four spa types were found circulating in this setting. Resistance of S. aureus isolates to ampicillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and tetracycline was 80%, 32.8%, 7.1%, 7.1% and 4.3%, respectively. One isolate presented intermediate resistance to vancomycin detected by Etest methodology. All strains were biofilm producers. The virulence genes seb, sec, spa, and pvl were detected in some isolates. This study revealed a high rate of children carrying MRSA among healthy attendees in daycare centers in Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.001 945 downloads

12.

Molecular characterization of ureaplasmas isolated from reproductive tract of goats and sheep from Brazil
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Oliveira, Rosângela C.

; Yamaguti, Maurício

; Marques, Lucas M.

; Buzinhani, Melissa

; Rizzo, Huber

; Meira-Junior, Enoch Brandão de Souza

; Guimarães, Ana Márcia S.

; Gregory, Lilian

; Timenetsky, Jorge

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Jul 2017, Volume 48 Nº 3 Páginas 560 - 565

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Ovine/caprine ureaplasmas have not yet been assigned a species designation, but they have been classified into nine serotypes. Herein ureaplasmas were searched for in 120 samples of vulvo vaginal mucous from sheep and 98 samples from goats at 17 farms. In addition, semen samples were collected from 11 sheep and 23 goats. The recovered ureaplasma were from sheep and goats from animals without any reproductive disorder symptoms, but not all animals presented positive cultures. In sheep, 17 (68%) cultures of vulvovaginal mucous were positive for ureaplasma and 11 (27%) samples of semen presented positive cultures in animals with clinical signs of orchitis, balanoposthitis or low sperm motility. In goats four ureaplasma isolates were obtained from vulvovaginal mucus, but the semen samples were all negative. The isolates were submitted to Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis methodology and their 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Fifty percent of ureaplasma recovered from sheep allowed for PFGE typing. Eleven isolates showed eight profiles genetically close to the bovine ureaplasmas. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed differences or similarities of isolates from sheep and goats, and the reference strains of bovine and human ureaplasma. Four clinical isolates from sheep were grouped separately. The studied ureaplasma isolates showed to be a diverse group of mollicutes.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2016.09.020 641 downloads

13.

Cytotoxicity and bacterial membrane destabilization induced by Annona squamosa L. extracts
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PINTO, NÍCOLAS C.C.

; SILVA, JUCÉLIA B.

; MENEGATI, LAURA M.

; GUEDES, MARIA CLARA M.R.

; MARQUES, LUCAS B.

; SILVA, THIAGO P. DA

; MELO, ROSSANA C.N. DE

; SOUZA-FAGUNDES, ELAINE M. DE

; SALVADOR, MARCOS J.

; SCIO, ELITA

; FABRI, RODRIGO L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2017, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 2053 - 2073

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study aimed to further investigate the cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines and several bacterial strains of Annona squamosa and its mode of action. Methanol extracts of A. squamosa leaves (ASL) and seeds (ASS) were used. ASL showed significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus, K. pneumoniae and E. faecalis with MIC values of 78, 78 and 39 µg/mL respectively. Moreover, ASL exhibited significant biofilm disruption, rapid time dependent kinetics of bacterial killing, increased membrane permeability and significantly reduced the cell numbers and viability. Regarding the cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines, ASS was more active against Jurkat and MCF-7 cells, with CI50 1.1 and 2.1 µg/mL, respectively. ASL showed promising activity against Jurkat and HL60, with CI50 4.2 and 6.4 µg/mL, respectively. Both extracts showed lower activity against VERO cells and reduced the clonogenic survival at higher concentrations (IC90) to MCF-7 and HCT-116 lineages. The alkaloids anonaine, asimilobine, corypalmine, liriodenine nornuciferine and reticuline were identified in extracts by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. This study reinforced that A. squamosa presents a remarkable phytomedicinal potential and revealed that its antimicrobial mechanism of action is related to bacterial membrane destabilization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720150702 2182 downloads

14.

Prevalence of Mollicutes in Cell Cultures: experience in Cuba
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Lobo Rivero, Evelyn

; Pérez Castillo, Anisleidy

; Duque Ortiz, Arianna

; Burgher Pulgarón, Yaima

; Miranda Marques, Lucas

; Timenetsky, Jorge

Revista de Salud Animal

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Ago 2016, Volume 38 Nº 2 Páginas 100 - 104

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Different mollicutes species of the Mycoplasma and Acholeplasma genera can contaminate the cell cultures and raw materials commonly used in the manufacture of a variety of biological and therapeutical products. In this study, the presence of mollicutes was detected in 19 of 50 cell culture samples analyzed using PCR and microbiological cultures. The species most frequently detected was M. fermentans (31.5%), followed by A. laidlawii (26.3%), M. orale (15.7%), M. hyorhinis (15.7%), and M. salivarium (10, 5%). A. laidlawii was present as the infecting agent only in 10.5% of the samples. These results showed the main species of contaminants, which suggested mollicutes multiple origin in the source of infection.

Diferentes especies de mollicutes, de los géneros Mycoplasma y Acholeplasma, pueden contaminar los cultivos celulares y las materias primas que se utilizan comúnmente en la fabricación de una variedad de productos biológicos y terapéuticos. En el presente estudio se detectó la presencia de mollicutes en 19 de 50 muestras analizadas de cultivo celular a través de PCR y cultivo microbiológico. Las especies detectadas con más frecuencia fueron M. fermentans (31,5%), seguido por A. laidlawii (26,3%), M. orale (15,7%), M. hyorhinis (15,7%) y M. salivarium (10,5%). A. laidlawii estaba presente como el agente infectante solo en 10,5% de las muestras. Estos resultados muestran las principales especies de mollicutes contaminantes, lo que sugiere un origen múltiple en la fuente de infección.

15.

Acetaminophen Prodrug: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis and in vitro Metabolism Evaluation by Mass Spectrometry
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Murie, Valter E.

; Marques, Lucas M. M.

; Souza, Glória E. P.

; Oliveira, Anderson R. M.

; Lopes, Norberto P.

; Clososki, Giuliano C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jun 2016, Volume 27 Nº 6 Páginas 1121 - 1128

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Propacetamol is an acetaminophen prodrug of intravenous administration used to control fever and pain of perioperative period in multimodal analgesia therapy. After injection, it is completely converted by plasma esterases into N,N-diethylglycine and acetaminophen, its active metabolite whose mechanism of action is the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Herein, we report an improved protocol for the synthesis of propacetamol hydrochloride that allows the isolation of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with high purity and yield. In addition, the in vitro metabolism of propacetamol in a microssomal reaction was evaluated by ion trap tandem mass spectrometry.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160005 2387 downloads

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