Abstract Objective: To analyze the association between osteolysis at the prosthesis interfaces, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with multiacquisition variable-resonance image combination selective (MAVRIC-SL) sequences, and clinical severity after knee or hip arthroplasty, as well as to assess interobserver and intraobserver agreement on periprosthetic bone resorption. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 47 patients (49 joints) under postoperative follow-up after knee or hip arthroplasty, with chronic pain, between March 2019 and August 2020. All of the patients completed the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. The component interfaces were evaluated and ordered into two groups: osseointegrated and osteolytic. Nonparametric tests were used. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the mean WOMAC scores: total (p = 0.010); stiffness domain (p = 0.047); and function (p = 0.011) domains. There was substantial interobserver and intraobserver agreement for most analyses of the components. Conclusion: Periprosthetic osteolysis appears to be associated with clinical complaints of pain in the post-arthroplasty scenario, and MAVRIC-SL provides reproducible assessments. It could prove to be an important tool for orthopedists to use in the evaluation of challenging cases of chronic pain after arthroplasty.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar associação entre osteólise nas interfaces protéticas por ressonância magnética com sequências MAVRIC-SL e a gravidade clínica dos pacientes submetidos a artroplastias de joelho ou quadril. Determinar concordância intraobservador e interobservador na reabsorção óssea peri-implante. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal entre março de 2019 e agosto de 2020, com 47 pacientes (49 articulações) em seguimento pós-operatório de artroplastias de joelho ou quadril, com dor crônica, que responderam ao questionário WOMAC. As interfaces dos componentes foram avaliadas e definiram dois grupos: osteointegrado e osteólise. Testes não paramétricos foram usados. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa na média do escore WOMAC entre os grupos (p = 0,010), assim como nos domínios rigidez (p = 0,047) e função (p = 0,011). Houve concordância substancial interobservador e intraobservador para a maioria dos componentes analisados. Conclusão: Osteólise periprótese parece estar associada com a queixa clínica de dor pós-artroplastia, com avaliação reprodutível pela MAVRIC-SL. Isto pode ser uma importante ferramenta para o ortopedista na avaliação de casos desafiadores de dor crônica pós-artroplastia.

ABSTRACT: The present study proposed to describe, through a literature review, the use of new therapeutic management which allows for offering a better quality of life to individuals affected by these pathologies. A bibliographic search was conducted in the main health databases PUBMED (www.pubmed.gov) and Scholar Google (www.scholar.google.com.br), in which studies published from 1987 to 2023 were collected. In the first stage, the list of retrieved articles was examined by reading the titles and abstracts. In the second stage, the studies were selected by reading the full contents. Two authors (JDMM and DAQ) performed stages 1 and 2. Experimental, clinical, case-control, randomized controlled, and laboratory cohort studies, case reports, systematic reviews, and literature reviews, which were developed in living individuals, were included. Therefore, articles that did not deal with the subject in question, letters to the editor, opinion articles, duplicated literature in databases, and literature that did not address the variables under study, we re excluded. Contemporary dentistry uses alternative treatments capable of improving the patient's condition since a cure is not always possible. Therefore, the possibility of improving the quality of life becomes an important point to be reached. Evidence-based healthcare has made great advances in recent decades, especially in the areas of orofacial pain, TMD, and occlusion, especially related to orthodontic, prosthetic, and restorative care.

RESUMEN: En el presente estudio se propuso describir, a través de una revisión bibliográfica, el uso de nuevos manejos terapéuticos que permitan brindar una mejor calidad de vida a los individuos afectados por estas patologías. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las principales bases de datos de salud PUBMED (www.pubmed.gov) y Scholar Google (www.scholar.google.com.br), en las que se recopilaron estudios publicados entre 1987 y 2023. En la primera etapa, se examinó la lista de artículos recuperados mediante la lectura de los títulos y resúmenes. En la segunda etapa, los estudios fueron seleccionados mediante la lectura del contenido completo. Dos autores (JDMM y DAQ) realizaron las etapas 1 y 2. Se incluyeron estudios de cohortes experimentales, clínicos, de casos y controles, controlados aleatorios y de laboratorio, informes de casos, revisiones sistemáticas y revisiones de la literatura, que se desarrollaron en individuos vivos. Por lo tanto, se excluyeron artículos que no trataran el tema en cuestión, cartas al editor, artículos de opinión, literatura duplicada en bases de datos y literatura que no abordara las variables en estudio. La odontología contemporánea utiliza tratamientos alternativos capaces de mejorar el estado del paciente, ya que no siempre es posible la curación. Por lo tanto, la posibilidad de mejorar la calidad de vida se convierte en un objetivo importante. La atención médica basada en la evidencia ha logrado grandes avances en las últimas décadas, especialmente en las áreas de dolor orofacial, TMD y oclusión, especialmente en relación con la atención de ortodoncia, prótesis y restauración.

Abstract Objective: To identify the perceptions of implementing online cooperative learning during the 2021 II academic semester by first-year students of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) School of Medicine. Materials and methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional research design was used in this study. The population consisted of 592 students from the professional schools of Human Medicine, Nursing, Obstetrics, Nutrition and Medical Technology. A random probability sampling was carried out and a sample of 429 students was obtained. The Cooperative Learning Questionnaire with an 8-point Likert scale response format developed by McLeish was used as an instrument for data collection. It is a reliable and valid instrument that was administered online to the sample of students at the end of the course using Google Forms. The quantitative data were analyzed descriptively using IBM SPSS Statistics V22. The descriptive statistics included frequencies, averages and standard deviation. Results: Out of the students in the sample, 65.9 % were females and 34.1 % were males. Most participants had favorable perceptions of online cooperative learning, with averages between 3.77 and 4.53. Favorable perceptions of this methodology were mainly identified in the dimensions quality of the group interaction process, teaching of interpersonal skills in small groups and positive interdependence. Conclusions: The students had favorable perceptions of online cooperative learning because it helped them to improve their social skills, favored their attitude toward group work, allowed them to participate in the sessions with enthusiasm, helped them to improve peer interaction, and promoted the development of their creativity and interpersonal skills. Therefore, its implementation and analysis of achievements in online environments are recommended.

Resumen Objetivo: Identificar las percepciones de los estudiantes de primer año de estudios de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) sobre la aplicación del aprendizaje cooperativo en la modalidad virtual durante el semestre académico 2021-II. Materiales y métodos: El diseño de investigación aplicado en este estudio fue descriptivo y transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 592 estudiantes pertenecientes a las escuelas profesionales de Medicina Humana, Enfermería, Obstetricia, Nutrición y Tecnología Médica. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio y se obtuvo una muestra de 429 estudiantes. Para la recolección de datos, se empleó como instrumento el Cuestionario de Aprendizaje Cooperativo, con un formato de respuesta en escala Likert, que consta de 8 indicadores y fue elaborado por McLeish. El instrumento es confiable y válido; fue aplicado a la muestra de estudiantes al finalizar la asignatura de manera virtual mediante Google Forms. Los datos cuantitativos se analizaron descriptivamente con el programa SPSS 22. La estadística descriptiva que se aplicó incluye frecuencias, promedios y desviación estándar. Resultados: De los estudiantes que conformaron la muestra, el 65,9 % fueron mujeres y el 34,1 %, hombres. La mayor parte de los participantes tuvo percepciones favorables hacia el aprendizaje cooperativo en la modalidad virtual, y se obtuvieron promedios entre 3,77 y 4,53. Se identificaron percepciones favorables hacia esta metodología, principalmente en las dimensiones calidad del proceso de interacción del grupo, enseñanza de habilidades interpersonales en grupos pequeños e interdependencia positiva. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes tuvieron percepciones favorables hacia el aprendizaje cooperativo en la modalidad virtual, ya que contribuyó a mejorar su socialización, favoreció su actitud hacia el trabajo en grupo, permitió su participación en las sesiones con agrado, ayudó a mejorar sus interacciones con sus pares, desarrolló su creatividad y habilidades interpersonales, por lo cual se recomienda su aplicación y análisis de los logros en los entornos virtuales.

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar associação entre osteólise nas interfaces protéticas por ressonância magnética com sequências MAVRIC-SL e a gravidade clínica dos pacientes submetidos a artroplastias de joelho ou quadril. Determinar concordância intraobservador e interobservador na reabsorção óssea peri-implante. Materiais e Métodos: Foi realizado estudo transversal entre março de 2019 e agosto de 2020, com 47 pacientes (49 articulações) em seguimento pós-operatório de artroplastias de joelho ou quadril, com dor crônica, que responderam ao questionário WOMAC. As interfaces dos componentes foram avaliadas e definiram dois grupos: osteointegrado e osteólise. Testes não paramétricos foram usados. Resultados: Houve diferença significativa na média do escore WOMAC entre os grupos (p = 0,010), assim como nos domínios rigidez (p = 0,047) e função (p = 0,011). Houve concordância substancial interobservador e intraobservador para a maioria dos componentes analisados. Conclusão: Osteólise periprótese parece estar associada com a queixa clínica de dor pós-artroplastia, com avaliação reprodutível pela MAVRIC-SL. Isto pode ser uma importante ferramenta para o ortopedista na avaliação de casos desafiadores de dor crônica pós-artroplastia.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the association between osteolysis at the prosthesis interfaces, as determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with multiacquisition variable-resonance image combination selective (MAVRIC-SL) sequences, and clinical severity after knee or hip arthroplasty, as well as to assess interobserver and intraobserver agreement on periprosthetic bone resorption. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 47 patients (49 joints) under postoperative follow-up after knee or hip arthroplasty, with chronic pain, between March 2019 and August 2020. All of the patients completed the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) questionnaire. The component interfaces were evaluated and ordered into two groups: osseointegrated and osteolytic. Nonparametric tests were used. Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the mean WOMAC scores: total (p = 0.010); stiffness domain (p = 0.047); and function (p = 0.011) domains. There was substantial interobserver and intraobserver agreement for most analyses of the components. Conclusion: Periprosthetic osteolysis appears to be associated with clinical complaints of pain in the post-arthroplasty scenario, and MAVRIC-SL provides reproducible assessments. It could prove to be an important tool for orthopedists to use in the evaluation of challenging cases of chronic pain after arthroplasty.

Resumen: El cáncer de próstata se considera el segundo tipo de cáncer más prevalente en los hombres y la quinta causa de muerte en todo el mundo. Si bien existen programas dirigidos a esta problemática, su alcance aún es limitado debido a la inequidad de sexo, género y orientación sexual, destacando la necesidad de acciones que lleguen tanto a hombres cis como a mujeres trans. Por ello, el objetivo fue reflexionar críticamente sobre las campañas preventivas sobre el Cáncer de Próstata en hombres cisgénero y mujeres transgénero. Se adoptó el método de reflexión teórica, inicialmente a través de la búsqueda y lectura de artículos, seguida de la problematización de los hallazgos, con énfasis en los principales conceptos y acciones desarrollados en Brasil sobre el tema. Se destacó el contexto epidemiológico, político y la necesidad de cambio en la atención a la salud de esa población, que indican la necesidad de una nueva mirada a ese público y la efectividad de las acciones que se realizan.

Abstract: Prostate cancer is considered the second most prevalent type of cancer in men and the fifth leading cause of death worldwide. Although there are programs aimed at this problem, their scope is still limited due to inequity of sex, gender and sexual orientation, highlighting the need for actions that reach both cis men and trans women. Therefore, the objective was to critically reflect on preventive campaigns on Prostate Cancer in cisgender men and transgender women. The theoretical reflection method was adopted, initially through the search and reading of articles, followed by the problematization of the findings, with emphasis on the main concepts and actions developed in Brazil on the subject. The epidemiological and political context and the need for change in the health care of that population were highlighted, which indicate the need for a new look at this public and the effectiveness of the actions that are carried out.

Resumo: O câncer de próstata é considerado o segundo tipo de câncer mais prevalente no sexo masculino e a quinta causa de morte no mundo. Embora existam programas voltados para esse agravo, seu alcance ainda é limitado devido a iniquidade de sexo, gênero e orientação sexual, evidenciando a necessidade de ações que alcancem tanto os homens cis quanto as mulheres trans. Diante disso, objetivou-se refletir de forma crítica acerca de campanhas preventivas sobre Câncer de Próstata no homem cisgênero e mulher transgênero. Adotou-se como método a reflexão teórica, inicialmente pela busca e leitura de artigos, seguida da problematização dos achados, com ênfase aos principais conceitos e ações desenvolvidas no Brasil sobre a temática. Destacou-se o contexto epidemiológico, político e as necessidades de mudança na atenção à saúde da referida população, que indicam a necessidade de um novo olhar para este público e para a efetividade das ações que são realizadas.

Abstract Acinetobacter spp. are one of the main pathogens responsible for healthcare-associated infections and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality globally, mainly because of their high capacity to present and develop resistance to antimicrobials. To identify species of the Acinetobacter and their resistance profiles from samples collected from hospitalized patients, health professionals and hospital environmental sources in the intensive care units of different public reference hospitals in Porto Velho City, Rondônia, Western Brazilian Amazon. Isolates were identified using microbiological and molecular techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility profile was determined by disk diffusion. A total of 201 Acinetobacter spp. isolates were identified, of which 47.3% originated from hospital structures, 46.8% from patients and 6% from healthcare professionals. A. baumannii and A. nosocomialis were the most prevalent, with frequency of 58.7% and 31.8%, respectively. Regarding the susceptibility profile, it was observed that 56.3% were classified as multidrug-resistant and 76.2% of the samples belonging to A. baumannii were resistant to carbapenems. In contrast, 96.9% were susceptible to polymyxin B and 91.3% to doxycycline. The data presented here can be used to guide and strengthen the control of multidrug-resistant infections caused by Acinetobacter spp., in addition to improving providing information from a traditionally unassisted region of Brazil.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the process of elaboration and validation of educational technology for prevention of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in female population deprived of freedom. Method: methodological study conducted in a prison complex in the Midwest of Brazil, from January to July 2019, using a four-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed with Cronbach’s Alpha and KAPPA tests. A minimum Content Validity Index of 0.80 was considered for validation and minimum 75% agreement. Results: The items of the material were relevant with a total Content Validity Index of (CVI t=0.87) for specialists and (CVI t=0.95) for women. The specialists evaluated the booklet, classifying it with a “superior” degree of recommendation (average of 91%). There were adjustments, reaching, in the end, a concordance index higher than 88.7%. Conclusion: we believe that this technology represents an advance for Public Health, since it used reliable and appropriate measures and instruments for the target audience.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir el proceso de elaboración y validación de tecnología educativa para la prevención del Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana en población femenina privada de libertad. Método: estudio metodológico realizado en un complejo penitenciario del Centro-Oeste de Brasil, de enero a julio de 2019, utilizando una escala Likert de cuatro puntos. Los datos se analizaron con las pruebas alfa de Cronbach y KAPPA. Se consideró un Índice de Validez del Contenido mínimo de 0,80 para la validación y un acuerdo mínimo del 75%. Resultados: los ítems del material fueron pertinentes con la obtención del Índice de Validez de Conocimiento total de (IVCt=0,87) para especialistas e (IVCt=0,95) para mujeres. Los expertos evaluaron el folleto, calificándolo de “superior” (media del 91%). Hubo adecuaciones, alcanzando, al final, índice de concordancia superior a 88,7%. Conclusión: esta tecnología representa un avance para la sanidad pública, ya que utiliza medidas e instrumentos fiables y apropiados para el público objetivo.

RESUMO: Objetivo: descrever o processo de elaboração e validação de tecnologia educacional para prevenção do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana em população feminina privada de liberdade. Método: estudo metodológico realizado em um complexo prisional no Centro Oeste do Brasil, de janeiro a julho de 2019, utilizando escala Likert de quatro pontos. Os dados foram analisados com testes Alfa de Cronbach e KAPPA. Considerou-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo mínimo de 0,80 para validação e concordância mínima de 75%. Resultados: os itens do material foram pertinentes com obtenção do Índice de Validade de Conteúdo total de (IVCt=0,87) para especialistas e (IVCt=0,95) para mulheres. Os especialistas avaliaram a cartilha, classificando-a com grau de recomendação “superior” (média de 91%). Houve adequações, alcançando, ao final, índice de concordância superior a 88,7%. Conclusão: acredita-se que essa tecnologia represente um avanço para a Saúde Pública, já que utilizou medidas e instrumentos confiáveis e apropriados para o público-alvo.

ABSTRACT Sugarcane seedling quality is strongly influenced by the substrate used. Currently, alternative substrate sources from the sugarcane industry itself have been used; however, there is no specific substrate to produce pre-sprouted seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane using substrates with different proportions of carnauba bagana (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 %) plus soil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments and five replicates. Pre-sprouted seedlings cultivated using substrate composed by 80 % of carnauba bagana showed the best response for number of leaves, diameter, shoot length, shoot, root and total dry mass, and Dickson Quality Index, owing to the improvement in the substrate physical and chemical characteristics.

RESUMO A qualidade de mudas de cana-de-açúcar é fortemente influenciada pelo substrato utilizado. Atualmente, fontes alternativas de substrato oriundas da própria indústria canavieira têm sido empregadas; no entanto, não existe substrato específico para produção de mudas pré-brotadas. Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade de mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar cultivadas em substratos com diferentes proporções de bagana de carnaúba (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 e 100 %) acrescida de solo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos e cinco repetições. As mudas pré-brotadas cultivadas em substrato composto por 80 % de bagana de carnaúba obtiveram melhor resposta para número de folhas, diâmetro, comprimento do broto, massa seca da parte aérea, radicular e total, e Índice de Qualidade de Dickson, em decorrência da melhoria nas características físicas e químicas do substrato.

ABSTRACT Adopting land-uses that contribute with a considerable litter input can affect the accumulation, protection, and bioavailability of organic carbon in the edaphic environment, compromising the different compartments of soil organic matter (SOM) and the associated benefits. Moreover, changes in seasons can influence the dynamic of SOM. Notably, the mechanisms involved in SOM stabilization and storage, particularly in agroforestry production areas, are still poorly explored. This study aimed to verify if the contents of soil organic carbon (SOC) and the physical fractions of the SOM are modified as a function of agroforestry systems implemented in the short term, and verify if seasonality can affect the compartmentalization of SOM in agrifood systems. Also, we tested if the carbon management index (CMI) is sensitive to detecting management practices quality across the unmanaged pasture, different agroforestry systems, and a reference area (forest). We measured soil physical properties, SOC content in bulk soil, particular organic carbon (POC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) fractions at three different depths (0.00-0.05, 0.05-0.10, and 0.10-0.20 m) in response to the adoption of agroforestry systems. Our results show that after a short period of implementation of agroforestry systems, significant changes were observed in SOC contents and the physical fractions of SOM in the most superficial layers (0.00-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m), with emphasis on the particulate fraction of SOM. We verified that the seasonality affected the SOC, POC, and MAOC contents. We also found that the CMI index was more sensitive and efficient in detecting changes arising from seasonality and the management practices involved. According to this index, it was possible to verify that the agroforestry system with the highest density of species for biomass production (AS3) has been accumulating more carbon in the soil. Therefore, this study provides relevant information regarding soil carbon management in agroforestry systems.

Abstract This paper presents a scoping review on the use of digital technologies for predicting, mapping, or continuously monitoring landslides on natural slopes. Articles and reviews published between 2001 and 2023 indexed by Scopus (Elsevier) were selected. The results showed that the number of publications involving this theme has been growing every year, with two periods of prominence: 2008-2010 and 2015-2021. China, Italy, India, USA and Taiwan are the five countries that published the most on the subject during the studied period. It was also found that remote sensing tools were the most used and showed strong stability, accompanied by artificial intelligence tools. Digital sensors have been widely used in Early Warning Systems, composing Wireless Sensors Network, monitoring terrain or climate variables. There is no doubt that digital technologies are extremely advantageous in relation to traditional technologies and that they already present themselves as a solution and confirm their trend of future consolidation.

RESUMO A brusone causada pelo patógeno Magnaporthe oryzae é a principal doença do arroz, e pode causar perdas devastadoras. Objetivou-se investigar o perfil de compostos voláteis da micorriza Waitea circinata no antagonismo a M. oryzae, em diferentes períodos e temperaturas, utilizando-se delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Compostos orgânicos voláteis foram extraídos por micro extração em fase sólida, no modo headspace, e analisados por cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas, enquanto o escalonamento multidimensional foi usado para comparar os compostos orgânicos voláteis produzidos. Os principais compostos responsáveis pelo antagonismo a M. oryzae foram longifoleno, trans-β-farneseno, (Z)-α-bisaboleno e δ-amorfeno, que podem ser usados como biofungicidas e incorporados às estratégias de manejo da brusone do arroz. arroz devastadoras Objetivouse Objetivou se M temperaturas utilizandose utilizando casualizado sólida headspace massas produzidos longifoleno transβfarneseno, transβfarneseno trans β farneseno, farneseno trans-β-farneseno Zαbisaboleno Z α bisaboleno δamorfeno, δamorfeno δ amorfeno, amorfeno δ-amorfeno

ABSTRACT Rice blast caused by the Magnaporthe oryzae pathogen is a major disease in this crop, and may cause devastating losses. This study aimed to investigate the profile of Waitea circinata mycorrhiza volatile compounds in antagonism to M. oryzae, under different growth periods and temperatures, using a completely randomized design. Volatile organic compounds were extracted by headspace solid phase microextraction and analyzed by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, while multidimensional scaling was used to compare the produced volatile organic compounds. The main compounds responsible by the antagonism to M. oryzae were longifolene, trans-β-farnesene, (Z)-α-bisabolene and δ-amorphene, which can be used as biofungicides and incorporated into rice blast management strategies. crop losses M temperatures design spectrometry longifolene transβfarnesene, transβfarnesene trans β farnesene, farnesene trans-β-farnesene Zαbisabolene Z α bisabolene δamorphene, δamorphene δ amorphene, amorphene δ-amorphene strategies

Resumo Este trabalho analisa os argumentos lexicológicos adotados por movimentos ufanistas e separatistas do Brasil para distinguir os adjetivos brasiliano e brasileiro e defender a adoção daquele em detrimento deste último: i) o sufixo -eiro denota profissão ou ofício, não formando gentílicos e possuindo conotação pejorativa; II) o sufixo -ano é, por excelência, o formador de gentílicos em língua portuguesa, homologamente ao que ocorre em outras línguas. Para tanto, discorremos sobre a formação do adjetivo pátrio brasileiro e seu emprego como signo de nacionalidade, bem como investigamos os valores morfossemânticos dos sufixos -eiro e -ano.

Abstract This paper analyzes the lexicological arguments of ufanist and separatist movements in Brazil to distinguish the adjectives brasiliano and brasileiro and defend the adoption of the former one: i) the suffix -eiro denotes profession or trade, not forming gentiles and having a pejorative connotation; ii) the suffix -ano is, by excellence, the one that forms gentiles in Portuguese, similarly than in other languages. To do so, we discuss the formation of the adjective brasileiro and its use as a sign of nationality. We also investigate the morphosemantic values of the suffixes -eiro and -ano.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study aims to analyze the effects that task environment and firm’s market power exerts on Brazilian firm’s competitive position, during the period of 2012 to 2017, which encompasses the effects of the 2008 crisis. Design/methodology/approach: We used Partial Least Squares path modeling when estimating the effects of competitive environment and market power on a firm’s competitive position, considering the effects of time. The size of firm was used as a weighting factor. The sample is comprised by manufacturing industry Brazilian publicly traded firms, active in the period 2012 to 2017. Findings: The capacity of firms to achieve and sustain a favorable competitive position is directly dependent on the degree of market power they own. Under a reactive managerial point of view, managers should make strategic choices that allow the firm to stay close to consumers, to maintain and reinforce market power, avoiding reductions in market share. Under a proactive managerial point of view, managers should take advantage of market power by building barriers that would make it difficult for competitors to have access to consumers. Originality/value: This research brings two original contributions. The first one is the identification of the determining factors of the competitive position of Brazilian firms, during the period after the 2008 financial crisis. The second one is the proposition and test of a structural equations model to estimate the effects of market power and task environment on firm’s competitive position.

RESUMO Objetivo: Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar os efeitos que o ambiente competitivo e o poder de mercado da firma exercem na posição competitiva de firmas, no período de 2012 a 2017, que abarca os efeitos da crise de 2008. Desenho/metodologia/abordagem: Os parâmetros do modelo estrutural foram estimados por meio de modelagem de caminhos com mínimos quadrados parciais. O tamanho da firma foi utilizado como fator de ponderação. A amostra é composta por firmas brasileiras de capital aberto, atuantes na indústria manufatureira e ativas no período de 2012 a 2017. Resultados: A capacidade das firmas de alcançar e sustentar uma posição competitiva favorável é dependente do seu poder de mercado. Sob uma perspectiva gerencial reativa, gestores devem fazer escolhas estratégicas que permitam à firma se manter próxima aos consumidores, e manter e reforçar o seu poder de mercado, evitando reduções em sua participação de mercado. Sob uma perspectiva gerencial proativa, os gestores devem tirar vantagem do poder de mercado, com o estabelecimento de barreiras que dificultem o acesso dos concorrentes aos consumidores. Originalidade/valor: Esta pesquisa apresenta duas contribuições originais. A primeira delas é a identificação dos fatores determinantes da posição competitiva de firmas brasileiras, durante o período após a crise financeira de 2008. A segunda é a proposição e o teste de um modelo de equações estruturais, com o objetivo de estimar os efeitos do poder de mercado e do ambiente competitivo, na posição competitiva da firma.

ABSTRACT Objective: This article aims at reviewing the positions of a theoretical conception on the management of the training of executives, focusing on generating greater collective capacity to lead the processes of innovation and organizational improvement. Methods: Given the qualitative nature of this research, a documentary study is chosen in order to examine previous contributions in depth with the help of analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction processes. Results: The object of the theoretical conception is the management of managers’ education aiming at relating the background and renewed approaches that are synthesized in a theoretical, methodological and practical reconstruction that re-signifies it on the basis a new vision of this special object of science, from a theoretical-explanatory and predictive-praxiological perspective. The main theoretical references on which it is based are related to: philosophical foundations (ontological, gnoseological, epistemological, logical and methodological holistic approach); transdisciplinary studies within the paradigm of complexity (hermeneutics); administration as science; education sciences with emphasis on the categories of training and learning and psychological and pedagogical foundations, supported by an andragogic, constructivist and historical-cultural approach to knowledge. Conclusions: The positions that are submitted to the evaluation of the scientific community, enrich and facilitate a theoretical reconstruction of the management process of the training of executives, renewed in correspondence with current changes in Cuban context.

RESUMEN Objetivo: El presente artículo está encaminado a sintetizar los posicionamientos de una concepción teórica sobre la gestión de la formación de los directivos, orientada a generar mayor capacidad colectiva para implementar procesos de innovación y mejora organizacional. Métodos: Dada la naturaleza cualitativa de esta pesquisa, se opta por un estudio documental en el que se examinan, en profundidad, las principales aportaciones precedentes a partir del empleo del análisis-síntesis e inducción-deducción. Resultados: El objeto de la concepción teórica es la gestión de la formación de directivos que tiene como objetivo, la integración de postulados precedentes y enfoques renovados de la formación de los directivos que se sintetizan en una reconstrucción teórica, metodológica y práctica que lo resignifica sobre la base de una nueva visión de este objeto especial de la ciencia, desde una perspectiva teórica-explicativa y predictivo-praxiológica. Los principales referentes teóricos en los que se sustenta están relacionados con: fundamentos filosóficos (ontológico, gnoseológico, epistemológico, cosmovisivo, lógico y metodológico); estudios transdisciplinarios dentro del paradigma de la complejidad (hermenéuticos); la administración como ciencia; las ciencias de la educación con énfasis en las categorías formación y aprendizaje y fundamentos psicológicos y pedagógicos, sustentados desde un enfoque andragógico, constructivista e histórico-cultural del conocimiento. Conclusiones: Los posicionamientos que se someten a valoración de la comunidad científica, enriquecen y facilitan una reconstrucción teórica del proceso de gestión de la formación de directivos, al mismo tiempo que lo resignifican a tono con los cambios que se generan en el contexto cubano actual.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue investigar la relación entre los grupos sanguíneos A, B y O y la mortalidad en pacientes hospitalizados por una infección grave por SARS-CoV-2. La investigación fue observacional retrospectiva en un hospital de tercer nivel en Lima, Perú. Se incluyó a 203 pacientes, con una edad media de 62,58 ± 16,45 años, y el 71,92 % eran varones. La frecuencia de los grupos sanguíneos O, A y B fue del 75,37 %, 17,24 % y 7,39 %, respectivamente. Se encontró asociación con la mortalidad por infección grave por COVID-19 con los grupos sanguíneos que no son A (grupo O, grupo B), con un PR (razón de prevalencia) de 2,25 IC (intervalo de confianza) 95 % 1,07-4,71. Al ajustar por las principales variables, la asociación con RP persistió en 2,78 IC 95 % 1,06-7,24. En conclusión, en los pacientes hospitalizados por una infección grave por SARS-CoV-2, los grupos sanguíneos O y B estarían asociados con una mayor mortalidad que los pacientes del grupo sanguíneo A.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the relationship between ABO blood groups and mortality in patients hospitalized for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. An observational and retrospective research was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Lima, Peru. A total of 203 patients with a mean age of 62.58 ± 16.45 years were included in the research, out of whom 71.92 % were males. The frequency of O, A and B blood groups were 75.37 %, 17.24 % and 7.39 %, respectively. An association with mortality from severe COVID-19 infection was found with non-A blood groups (O group or B group), with a PR (prevalence ratio) of 2.25 and 95% CI (confidence interval) of 1.07 - 4.71. When adjusting the main variables, the association with PR remained in 2.78 and 95% CI in 1.06 - 7.24. In conclusion, patients hospitalized for severe SARS-CoV-2 infection with O and B blood groups seem to be associated with higher mortality rates than those with A blood group.