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Relationship between Social Capital and General Health among the Iranian University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
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lebni, Javad Yoosefi

; Ahmadi, Ahmad

; Gharehghani, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi

; Dehghan, Ali Akbar

; Mansourian, Morteza

; Ziapour, Arash

; Irandoost, Seyed Fahim

Portuguese Journal of Public Health

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Abr 2023, Volume 41 Nº 1 Páginas 4 - 11

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The most basic axis of a society’s economic and social growth is health, and social capital is a major factor in determining that development. The purpose of this research was to evaluate, among the student body of Iran University of Medical Sciences, the connection that exists between social capital and overall health. This study used a descriptive-analytical approach to cross-sectional research. Students attending the Iran University of Medical Sciences constituted the statistical population. The approach developed by Cochran was used to pick 367 students at random. The demographic information form, two versions of the Delaviz Social Capital Questionnaire (2006), and Goldberg and Hiller’s General Health Questionnaire (1979), served as the data collection tools. Using Cronbach’s alpha test, the reliability of the first two sets of questionnaires was determined to be 0.73 and 0.78, respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, statistical tests, and regression after being loaded into SPSS version 22. It was shown that general health was significantly related to the factors of gender, location of living, and degree of education (p < 0.05). It was shown via the use of regression that there is a statistically significant association between social capital and the two dimensions of group involvement and relationships in networks. These two dimensions had the biggest influence on general health and explained 39% of its variations. The overall health of students was not significantly affected by factors such as age, educational level, or marital status (p > 0.05). It is feasible to improve students’ overall health if social capital is increased, more students are encouraged to participate in group projects, and students’ ties with one another inside and outside their networks are expanded.

Resumo A saúde é o eixo mais básico do desenvolvimento económico e social da sociedade, que é influenciado pelo capital social. O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de investigar a relação entre capital social e saúde pública entre estudantes da Universidade de Ciências Médicas do Irão. A investigação atual foi um estudo descritivo-analítico transversal. A população estatística foram os estudantes da Universidade de Ciências Médicas do Irão; ou seja 367 pessoas foram selecionadas aleatoriamente pelo método de Cochran. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram ficha de informações demográficas e dois questionários de capital social de Delaviz (2006) e saúde geral de Goldberg e Hiller (1979), cuja confiabilidade foi obtida por meio do teste alfa de Cronbach de 0,73 e 0,78, respetivamente. Os dados foram digitados no software SPSS-22 e analisados com estatística descritiva e testes estatísticos e de regressão. As seguintes variáveis: sexo, local de residência e escolaridade apresentaram relação significativa com a saúde geral (p < 0,05). Utilizando a regressão entre capital social e saúde pública, foi obtida uma relação estatisticamente significativa, e as duas dimensões de participação de grupo e relações em rede tiveram o maior impacto na saúde pública e revelaram 39% das suas alterações. Não foi observada qualquer relação significativa entre idade, local de estudo e estado civil com a saúde geral dos estudantes (p > 0,05). É possível aumentar a saúde geral dos estudantes através do aumento do capital social e da ênfase no aumento da participação dos estudantes no trabalho de grupo e no aumento das suas relações inter-redes.

https://doi.org/10.1159/000528396

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR induces the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in breast cancer cells
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Sadeghalvad, Mona

; Mansouri, Kamran

; Mohammadi-Motlagh, Hamid-Reza

; Noorbakhsh, Farshid

; Mostafaie, Ali

; Alipour, Sadaf

; Rezaei, Nima

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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Abr 2022, Volume 68 Nº 4 Páginas 456 - 462

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway is essential for proper cellular metabolism and cell growth. However, aberrant activation of this pathway has been linked to the progression and metastasis of breast cancer. Recently, the role of long non-coding RNAs in interfering with the cell signaling pathways involved in cell growth and metabolism has been identified. HOX antisense intergenic RNA is an long non-coding RNA whose abnormal expression has been associated with development, therapy resistance, and metastasis of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the long non-coding RNA HOX antisense intergenic RNA is linked to the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. METHODS: HOX antisense intergenic RNA was silenced in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 using siRNAs. Subsequently, the gene expression level of HOX antisense intergenic RNA, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR was assessed using real-time RT-PCR. Also, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assay was used to analyze cell proliferation. RESULTS: The results revealed that HOX antisense intergenic RNA knockdown can downregulate the expression of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR RNAs compared to negative control in MCF-7 cells. In addition, the proliferation of breast cancer cells was significantly reduced following the HOX antisense intergenic RNA silencing. CONCLUSION: This study may introduce HOX antisense intergenic RNA as a molecule involved in the upregulation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway in breast cancer cells that may contribute to breast cancer cell proliferation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20210966

Changes in serum albumin and liver enzymes following three different types of bariatric surgery: six-month follow-up. A retrospective cohort study
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Zadeh, Mohadeseh Hassan

; Zamaninour, Negar

; Ansar, Hastimansooreh

; Kabir, Ali

; Pazouki, Abdolreza

; Farsani, Gholamreza Mohammadi

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Dez 2021, Volume 139 Nº 6 Páginas 598 - 606

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Few reports have examined the effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) on changes to serum albumin (Alb) and liver enzyme levels. OBJECTIVE: To compare short-term post-surgery changes in serum Alb, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) levels. Body composition changes were also measured and compared among three groups. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort study conducted in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: 151 OAGB, RYGB and SG patients referred to the obesity clinic of Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were evaluated. Physical characteristics and biochemical parameters were measured pre-surgery and then after three and six months. RESULTS: Through repeated measurements to determine intragroup changes, significant changes in serum AST (P = 0.003) and ALT (P < 0.001) were observed in follow-ups. However, Alb levels did not change (P = 0.413). Body fat, fat-free mass and muscle mass decreased significantly in each group (P < 0.05). In a univariate general linear model for determining intergroup changes, SG showed greater decreases in ALT and AST at three and six months (P < 0.05) and in ALKP at six months (P = 0.037), compared with OAGB. There were no significant differences in Alb levels. Also, RYGB had a greater effect on reducing fat percentage (three months, P = 0.011; six months, P = 0.059) and fat mass (three months, P = 0.042) than OAGB. CONCLUSION: SG and RYGB may be superior to OAGB in reducing liver enzymes and body fat, respectively. However, Alb levels showed no significant differences.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.00065.r1.1504221

Silica nanoparticles and calcium on the histological characteristics and stem bending in gerbera cut flower
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Alikhani, Tahereh Tofighi

; Tabatabaei, Seyed Jalal

; Torkashvand, Ali Mohammadi

; Talei, Daryush

Ornamental Horticulture

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Set 2021, Volume 27 Nº 3 Páginas 334 - 343

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Nanopartículas de sílica e cálcio são necessárias para melhorar a produtividade das plantas e diminuir a curvatura da haste em gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.). Para determinar as concentrações ótimas de nanopartículas de sílica e cálcio na gérbera (Gerbera jamesonii L.), foi realizado um experimento fatorial na forma de delineamento inteiramente casualizado com dois fatores. O primeiro fator foi a concentração de nanopartículas de sílica (Nanopartícula-SiO2) em quatro doses (0, 20, 40 e 80 mg L-1) e o segundo fator foi a concentração de quelato de cálcio (Ca-Quelato) em quatro doses (0 , 60, 120 e 240 mg L-1), as quais foram aplicados como soluções nutritivas. Após a colheita, características como curvatura da haste, conteúdo de celulose, atividade da enzima fenil alanina amonia-liase nas folhas e características histológicas do caule foram determinados. Os resultados indicaram que a menor curvatura da haste (ângulo de desvio de 8,78°) foi observada com a aplicação de 20 mg L-1 de Nanopartícula-SiO2 e 240 mg L-1 de quelato de Ca. Em comparação com o controle, a aplicação de 80 mg L-1 de nanopartícula-SiO2 e 240 mg L-1 de quelato de Ca aumentou os teores de lignina e celulose em 33% e 15%, respectivamente. A maior quantidade de fenilalanina amania-liase (2,87 unidades por mg de folha fresca) foi obtida com o uso de quelato de cálcio 60 mg L-1. De acordo com as concentrações de nutrientes, os padrões de alteração do xilema e da lignificação do caule foram diferentes, o que está de acordo com os resultados dos estudos fisiológicos realizados sobre os efeitos da aplicação de nanopartículas de sílica e cálcio em soluções nutritivas. Sob a epiderme, havia uma hipoderme (esclerênquima) que fortalece o tecido do caule. Nanopartículas de sílica e quelato de cálcio decorrente do aumento do conteúdo de fenilalanina amonia-liase e seu efeito nos ciclos de produção de celulose e lignina e ao aumento do esclerênquima do caule, levaram à resistência e lignificação da haste, o que acabou diminuindo a curvatura do caule. De acordo com os resultados do estudo, a aplicação de 40 mg L-1 de Nanopartícula-SiO2 e 60 mg L-1 de quelato de Ca em solução nutritiva hidropônica é recomendada para o cultivo de flores de gérbera.

Abstract Silica nanoparticles and calcium are necessary for improving plant yield and decreasing stem bending in gerbera flower (Gerbera Jamesonii L.). In order to determine the optimal concentrations of silica nanoparticles and calcium in gerberas (Gerbera Jamesonii L.), a factorial experiment in the form of completely randomized design with two factors was conducted. The first factor was the concentration of silica nanoparticles (Nanoparticle-SiO2) at four rates (0, 20, 40, and 80 mg L-1) and the second factor was the concentration of calcium chelate (Ca-Chelate) at four rates (0, 60, 120, and 240 mg L-1) which were applied as nutrient solutions. After harvest, characteristics such as stem bending, cellulose content, phenyl alanine ammonia-lyase enzyme activity in leaves, and stem histological characteristics were measured. Results indicated that the lowest stem bending (deviation angle of 8.78°) was observed with applying 20 mg L-1 Nanoparticle-SiO2 and 240 mg L-1 Ca-Chelate. Comparing with control, applying 80 mg L-1 Nanoparticle-SiO2 and 240 mg L-1 Ca-Chelate increased lignin and cellulose contents by 33 and 15%, respectively. The highest amount of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (2.87 units per mg of fresh leaf) was obtained by using 60 mg L-1 calcium chelate. According to nutrient concentrations, the change patterns of xylem and stem lignification were different, which is in line with the results of the physiological studies conducted on the effects of applying silica nanoparticle and calcium in nutrient solution. Under the epidermis, there was a hypodermis (sclerenchyma) which strengthens stem tissue. Silica nanoparticles and calcium chelate due to increasing phenylalanine ammonia-lyase content and its effect on the production cycles of cellulose and lignin and increasing stem sclerenchyma, led to stems strength and lignification, which eventually decreased stem bending. According to study results, applying 40 mg L-1 Nanoparticle-SiO2 and 60 mg L-1 Ca-Chelate in hydroponic nutrient solution is recommended for growing gerbera flowers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2447-536x.v27i3.2308 140 downloads

Lifetime prevalence, sociodemographic predictors, and comorbidities of oppositional defiant disorder: the National Epidemiology of Iranian Child and Adolescent Psychiatric disorders (IRCAP)
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Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza

; Salmanian, Maryam

; Hooshyari, Zahra

; Shakiba, Alia

; Alavi, Seyyed Salman

; Ahmadi, Ameneh

; Khaleghi, Ali

; Zarafshan, Hadi

; Mostafavi, Seyed Ali

; Alaghmand, Anita

; Molavi, Parviz

; Mahmoudi-Gharaei, Javad

; Kamali, Koorosh

; Ghanizadeh, Ahmad

; Nazari, Hedayat

; Sarraf, Nasrin

; Ahmadipour, Ahmad

; Derakhshanpour, Firoozeh

; Riahi, Forough

; Golbon, Atieh

; Kousha, Maryam

; Yazdi, Aazam Sadat Heydari

; Shahrbabaki, Mahin Eslami

; Motlagh, Naser Hajian

; Amirian, Houshang

; Mojahed, Azizollah

; Kiani, Arezou

; Ahmadpanah, Mohammad

; Dastjerdi, Reza

; Ahmadi, Nastaran

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Abr 2020, Volume 42 Nº 2 Páginas 162 - 167

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: This was the first national epidemiological study on oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) in Iran, which provided new information about the prevalence, comorbidities, and sociodemographic predictors of ODD. Methods: Data from a face-to-face household survey of 30,532 children and adolescents aged 6-18 years were collected from across all 31 provinces of Iran using a multistage cluster sampling design. The Persian version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children – Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used in this study. Results: The lifetime prevalence of ODD was found to be 3.9%. ODD was significantly more common in boys than girls and appeared in late adolescence more frequently than in childhood. A lower prevalence of ODD was found among participants who lived in rural areas. ODD is highly likely to co-occur with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, separation anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and depressive disorders. Conclusions: The findings of this national population-based study confirm and extend previous findings on the prevalence, comorbidities, and sociodemographic predictors of ODD.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0416 967 downloads

Inferring phenotypic causal structures among body weight traits via structural equation modeling in Kurdi sheep
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Mohammadi, Yahya

; Saghi, Davoud Ali

; Shahdadi, Ali Reza

; Rosa, Guilherme Jordão de Magalhães

; Mokhtari, Morteza Sattaei

Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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2020, Volume 42 elocation e48823

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. Data collected on 2550 Kurdi lambs originated from 1505 dams and 149 sires during 1991 to 2015 in Hossein Abad Kurdi Sheep Breeding Station, located in Shirvan city, North Khorasan province, North-eastern area of Iran, were used for inferring causal relationship among the body weights at birth (BW), at weaning (WW), at six-month age (6MW), at nine-month age (9MW) and yearling age (YW). The inductive causation (IC) algorithm was employed to search for causal structure among these traits. This algorithm was applied to the posterior distribution of the residual (co)variance matrix of a standard multivariate model (SMM). The causal structure detected by the IC algorithm coupling with biological prior knowledge provides a temporal recursive causal network among the studied traits. The studied traits were analyzed under three multivariate models including SMM, fully recursive multivariate model (FRM) and IC-based multivariate model (ICM) via a Bayesian approach by 100,000 iterations, thinning interval of 10 and the first 10,000 iterations as burn-in. The three considered multivariate models (SMM, FRM and ICM) were compared using deviance information criterion (DIC) and predictive ability measures including mean square of error (MSE) and Pearson's correlation coefficient between the observed and predicted values (r(y, ŷ)) of records. In general, structural equation based models (FRM and ICM) performed better than SMM in terms of lower DIC and MSE and also higher r(y, ŷ). Among the tested models ICM had the lowest (36678.551) and SMM had the highest (36744.107)DIC values. In each case of the traits studied, the lowest MSE and the highest r(y, ŷ) were obtained under ICM. The causal effects of BW on WW, WW on 6MW, 6MW on 9MW and 9MW on YW were statistically significant values of 1.478, 0.737, 0.776 and 0.929 kg, respectively (99% highest posterior density intervals did not include zero).

https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.48823 359 downloads

Structural equation modeling analysis of Iranian women’s food consumption: influence of socio-demographic characteristics and the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral skills Model
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MOHAMMADI-NASRABADI, Maryam

; SADEGHI, Roya

; RAHIMI-FORUSHANI, Abbas

; MOHAMMADI-NASRABADI, Fatemeh

; SHOJAEIZADE, Davoud

; MONTAZERI, Ali

Revista de Nutrição

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2020, Volume 33 elocation e180268

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Este estudo buscou examinar se o consumo de alimentos varia de acordo com fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais no modelo conceitual entre mulheres adultas em Teerã, Irã. Métodos Este estudo transversal foi conduzido em 247 mulheres em idade reprodutiva, selecionadas por amostragem sistemática por conglomerados de cinco regiões de Teerã. A avaliação da dieta foi realizada por meio de um questionário de frequência alimentar, e os índices antropométricos foram medidos. Os dados sobre o status socioeconômico e o modelo de habilidades de informação-motivação-comportamento foram obtidos através de um questionário. Em seguida, os sujeitos foram estratificados conforme o status socioeconômico e os componentes do modelo. A análise estatística utilizou análise de variância e modelagem de equações estruturais. Resultados O consumo de grupos de alimentos entre as mulheres participantes diferiu de acordo com a região onde vivem, educação, ocupação, gasto familiar e componentes do modelo (p<0,05). A ingestão de carne vermelha e processada (p<0,05) foi mais baixa entre mulheres analfabetas ou com baixa escolaridade. Aquelas com menor gasto total apresentaram maior consumo de gorduras e óleos (p<0,05). Mulheres com maior apoio social percebido consumiram mais leite e derivados (p<0,05), gorduras e óleos (p<0,05) e menos pão e cereais (p<0,05). Os componentes do modelo, incluindo informação, atitude, apoio social, autoeficácia e autorregulação, foram os fatores mais importantes que afetaram negativamente o consumo de alimentos não saudáveis (carne vermelha e processada, gorduras e óleos, açúcar e alimentos salgados). Conclusão Considerando o impacto dos componentes do modelo nos comportamentos alimentares das mulheres, as estratégias de integração específicas delineadas para cada construto do modelo podem ser utilizadas para projetar intervenções baseadas em modelos visando promover um comportamento nutricional saudável.

ABSTRACT Objective This study aimed at examining whether food consumption varies in accordance with socio-demographic and behavioral factors in the conceptual model, analyzing adult women in Tehran, Iran, for that purpose. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted with 247 women in childbearing age, who were selected through systematic cluster sampling from five regions in Tehran. Dietary assessment was done through a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and the anthropometric indices were measured. Data on socio-economic status and information-motivation-behavioral skills model were obtained through a questionnaire. Then, subjects were stratified according to the socio-economic status and model components. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance and structural equation modeling. Results Consumption of food groups among the participating women differed based on their living region, education, occupation, household expenditure, and model components (p<0.05). Intake of red and processed meat (p<0.05) was at the lowest level in illiterate or low educated women. Those with lower total expenditure had higher consumption of fats and oils (p<0.05). Women with higher perceived social support consumed more milk and dairy products (p<0.05), fats and oils (p<0.05), and less bread and cereals (p<0.05). Model components including information, attitude, social support, self-efficacy, and self-regulation were the most important factors negatively affecting the consumption of unhealthy foods (red and processed meat, fats and oils, sugar, and salty foods). Conclusion Considering the impact of model components on women’s eating behaviors, the specific integration strategies delineated for each construct of the model can be utilized to design model-based interventions targeting the promotion of healthy nutritional behavior.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202033e180268 794 downloads

Relationship between antifungal susceptibility profile and virulence factors in Candida albicans isolated from nail specimens
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Mohammadi, Faezeh

; Ghasemi, Zeinab

; Familsatarian, Behnaz

; Salehi, Eelham

; Sharifynia, Somayeh

; Barikani, Ameneh

; mirzadeh, Monirsadat

; Hosseini, Mohammad Ali

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20190214

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate some virulence factors in Candida albicans isolates from patients with onychomycosis and determine the correlation between these factors and the antifungal resistance profile. METHODS: Seventy species of C. albicans were confirmed using polymerase chain reaction amplification of the HWP1 gene. According to the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines, the susceptibility profile of four antifungal agents was investigated, and the production of aspartyl protease, phospholipase, haemolysin, and biofilm was determined. The correlation between these profiles was also investigated. RESULTS: The isolates indicated different levels of resistance and production of virulence factors. Significant correlations were observed between the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of fluconazole/itraconazole and biofilm production, between phospholipase production and fluconazole/itraconazole MIC, and between fluconazole MIC and hemolytic activity in C. albicans isolates. The results also showed significant correlations between phospholipase activity and biofilm production. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings will contribute to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of C. albicans and characterize the relationship between virulence factors and antifungal resistance, which may suggest new therapeutic strategies considering the possible involvement of the virulence mechanism in the effectiveness of treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0214-2019 1795 downloads

Quantitative analysis of phenobarbital in biological fluids: Analyte enrichment by an electrically-assisted microextraction technique
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Yaripour, Saeid

; Ebrahimi, Shahriar

; Mohammadi, Ali

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2020, Volume 56 elocation e17839

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

An electrically-assisted microextraction method called electromembrane extraction, followed by a simple high performance liquid chromatography and ultraviolet detection was developed and validated for determining phenobarbital in biological samples. The major parameters influencing the electromembrane extraction procedure including solvent composition, voltage, pH of acceptor and donor solutions, salt effect, and time of extraction were evaluated and optimized. The drug was extracted from the donor aqueous sample solution (pH 9) to the acceptor aqueous solution (pH 13). The donor and acceptor phases were separated by a hollow fiber dipped in 1-octanol as a supported liquid membrane. A voltage of 40 V during 20 minutes was applied as the driving force. The enrichment factor was obtained >51 which enhanced the sensitivity of the instrument. Limit of detection and limit of quantitation were 7.5 and 25 ng/mL, respectively. The method was linear over the range of 25-1000 ng/mL for phenobarbital (R2 >0.9998) with repeatability (%RSD) between 0.4% and 6.8% (n = 3). The proposed method was successfully applied to human plasma and urine samples with relative recovery of 70-80% and %RSD < 6.8%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902019000417839 1367 downloads

10.

Effect of Different Fiber Reinforcement Strategies on the Fracture Strength of Composite Resin Restored Endodontically Treated Premolars
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Bahari, Mahmoud

; Mohammadi, Narmin

; Kimyai, Soodabeh

; Kahnamoui, Mehdi Abed

; Vahedpour, Hafez

; Torkani, Mohammad Ali Mohammadi

; Oskoee, Ayda Savadi

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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2019, Volume 19 elocation e4465

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To compare the effect of three different fiber reinforcement strategies on the fracture strength of composite resin restored endodontically treated premolars. Material and Methods: Seventy-two sound human premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons were divided into 6 groups (n=12) after endodontic treatment. Group 1: intact teeth (positive control); Group 2: endodontically treated teeth without restoration (negative control); Group 3: composite resin restoration; Group 4: placement of fibers at occlusal position; Group 5: splinting the buccal and palatal walls with horizontal fiber posts; Group 6: placement of fibers at the occlusal position after splinting the buccal and palatal walls with horizontal fiber posts. Then fracture strength was measured at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min in a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests at α=0.05. Results: There were significant differences between the negative and positive control groups (p<0.001) and between the negative control group and all the other study groups (p<0.001). However, there were no statistically significant differences between the positive control group and all the experimental groups and between the experimental groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Fiber insertion had no additional reinforcing effect on the fracture strength following composite resin restoration.

https://doi.org/10.4034/pboci.2019.191.99 642 downloads

11.

The effect of homogenization on texture of reduced dry matter processed cheese
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MOHAMMADI, Ali

; FADAEI, Vajiheh

Food Science and Technology

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Dez 2018, Volume 38 Páginas 190 - 195

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Since the cost of processed cheese is high in Iran, in this research we studied the effect of homogenization at the pressures of 100, 150 and 200 bar on the quality and texture of processed cheese followed by reducing dry matter. Results showed no significant difference between the pH and dry matter of processed cheese samples at different pressures (p > 0.05). Also, different pressures of homogenization had no significant effect on overall acceptability (p > 0.05). With increasing homogenization pressure, texture improved significantly (p < 0.05). Homogenization treatment at the pressure of 200 bar had the highest influence on the improvement of the processed cheese texture.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-457x.17817 1196 downloads

12.

Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran
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Zahirnia, Amir Hossein

; Bordbar, Ali

; Ebrahimi, Sahar

; Spotin, Adel

; Mohammadi, Somayeh

; Ghafari, Seyedeh Maryam

; Ahmadvand, Setareh

; Jabbari, Negar

; Esmaeili Rastaghi, Ahmad Reza

; Parvizi, Parviz

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Ago 2018, Volume 22 Nº 4 Páginas 278 - 287

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background Leishmania major is a causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the center of Iran, Abarkouh district. Molecular characterization and precise incrimination of Leishmania species was carried out to perform controlling measurements and to design treatment programs for zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods All smears isolated from ulcers of suspected patients were examined under a light microscope and graded for amastigotes frequency. Extraction of DNA, PCR, RFLP and sequencing of ITS-rDNA genotype were done to increase the efficacy of Leishmania parasites identification at their species-specific level and to detect any Leishmania infections within. Results Humans were found to be infected with L. major with high infection frequency and also Leishmania tropica was identified with low occurrence for the first time as non-native species using molecular analyses. The rates of infections was considerable with microscopic observation (n= 65, 73%) out of 89 smears prepared from suspected patients. Molecular analyses showed that the density of L. major was significantly higher (n= 48, 53.93%) than L. tropica (n= 4, 4.49%) (Mann-Whitney U test: p< 0.05) and two samples (2.25%) remained ambiguous after several sequencing. L. major did not have diversity with two common haplotypes but L. tropica were found to exhibit high diversity with three novel haplotypes. Conclusion L. major was considered the causative agent of leishmaniasis in the region, but the identification of a non-native L. tropica revealed the importance of further isolation of Leishmania parasites following molecular analyses and confirmation, and also revealed the importance of further isolation of Leishmania parasites from patients of the field areas who do not have easily access to health care centers for specialized treatment strategies.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2018.07.005 797 downloads

13.

Synergistic effect of honey and Nigella sativa on wound healing in rats
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Javadi, Seyed Mohammad Reza

; Hashemi, Mamak

; Mohammadi, Younes

; MamMohammadi, Alireza

; Sharifi, Ali

; Makarchian, Hamid Reza

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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Jun 2018, Volume 33 Nº 6 Páginas 518 - 523

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the therapeutic potential of honey, Nigella sativa (N. sativa) and their combination in rat model of excisional wound healing. Methods: A circular excision wound was established in the back region of 50 Wistar rats. Subsequently, they were divided into 5 groups and daily topical administration of lanolin in the control group, honey in the honey group, cold-pressed N. sativa seed oil in the N. sativa groups, mix of 1:1 ratio of honey and N. sativa seed oil in the mix group, and phenytoin cream in the phenytoin group were used. Then, wound surface areas were evaluated using digital camera immediately after the injury and at post excision days 5, 10, 15 and 20. Results: Significant reduction in wound surface area was observed within and between the groups (P < 0.001). In the post excision days 5, 10, 15 and 20 the wound surface areas in the mix group were significantly lower than the other groups followed by the phenytoin, honey, N. sativa, and control groups. Conclusion: The wound healing may be improved and accelerated by using topical solutions of honey, N. sativa seed oil and especially their mixture.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020180060000006 3276 downloads

14.

Preparation and physicochemical characterization of prazosin conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for drug delivery of flutamide
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Fattahi, Ali

; Ghiasi, Mansoureh

; Mohammadi, Pardis

; Hosseinzadeh, Leila

; Adibkia, Khosro

; Mohammadi, Ghobad

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2018, Volume 54 Nº 4 elocation e17228

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In the current work, a sustained drug delivery system of flutamide (FLT) was developed using Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) decorated bypoly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) grafted prazosin (PLGA-PEG-Praz) as a targeting moiety. In a multi-step reaction, PLGA was linked to PEG and prazosin. The structure of the synthesized polymers was confirmed by FTIR and 1H-NMR. Flutamide-loaded nanoparticles were prepared by quasi-emulsion solvent diffusion technique. The nanoparticles were evaluated for size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, drug crystallinity, loading efficiency, and release properties. Also, the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry, and Powder X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD). The particle size of nanoparticles was ranged between 191 and 249 nm. Loading efficiency of nanoparticles was about 43%-69%. Results showed a steady release rate for nanoparticles compared to that of a pure drug powder. SEM characterization confirmed that particles were in nanosize range. DSC and XRPD results verified a decrease in drug crystallinity in the prepared formulations. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that PLGA-PEG-Praz nanoparticles could be a good choice to improve the physicochemical properties of the drug and these formulations can increase Flutamide efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902018000417228 1615 downloads

15.

Circulating omentin-1 might be associated with metabolic health status in different phenotypes of body size
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Alizadeh, Shahab

; Mirzaei, Khadijeh

; Mohammadi, Chonur

; Keshavarz, Seyed Ali

; Maghbooli, Zhila

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Dez 2017, Volume 61 Nº 6 Páginas 567 - 574

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective Adipokines are mediators of body composition and are involved in obesity complications. This study aimed to assess the association of circulating omentin-1, vaspin, and RBP-4 with body composition indices and metabolic health status (MHS) in different phenotypes of body size. Subjects and methods A total of 350 subjects were included in the current cross-sectional study. Body composition was measured using a body composition analyzer, and serum concentrations of omentin-1, vaspin, and RBP-4 were assessed by ELISA kits. Results Circulating omentin-1 was significantly (OR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.00-1.91, P = 0.01) and marginally (OR = 1.63, 95%CI: 1.00-1.75, P = 0.06) associated with MHS in the overweight and obese subjects, respectively. But no association was seen between omentin-1 and MHS in normal-weight subjects. Serum levels of vaspin and RBP-4 were not correlated with MHS. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation was observed between circulating omentin-1 and body mass index (BMI) as well as fat percentage (P = 0.02) in the MHS group. Serum vaspin concentrations were not related to body composition components in both groups. In addition, in the MHS group, circulating RBP-4 was positively correlated with fat percentage and fat mass (FM) (p < 0.0001) and was negatively correlated with fat-free mass (FFM) and total body water (TBW) (p < 0.0001). In contrast, in the metabolically unhealthy group, RBP-4 was negatively correlated with fat percentage, FM, and BMI (p < 0.0001) and was positively correlated with FFM and TBW (p < 0.0001). Conclusions This study showed that circulating levels of omentin-1 are useful predictors of metabolic health status in overweight and obese people.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2359-3997000000269 915 downloads

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