Resumen Introducción. La contaminación por metales pesados es un problema que ha ido en aumento, debido a las actividades antrópicas. Las plantas pueden eliminar, destruir o transformar contaminantes del suelo, agua y aire. Con el empleo de reguladores del crecimiento vegetal y agentes quelantes se puede reducir la toxicidad por metales pesados. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto de la aplicación de una mezcla de oligogalacturónidos sobre la actividad peroxidasa y los contenidos de malondialdehido, proteinas totales y clorofilas, en plantas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.) var. Amalia sometidas a altos niveles de metales pesados. Materiales y métodos. Se colectó suelo contaminado con Cu, Cd y el Fe, en la Empresa cerámica blanca Adalberto Vidal de Mayabeque, Cuba en el año 2020. El experimento se desarrolló en bolsas de 7 kg de capacidad y se utilizaron plantas de tomate, en condiciones semi controladas en áreas del Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), con un diseño experimental completamente aleatorizado con siete tratamientos y diez réplicas. Los tratamientos del producto a base de oligogalacturónidos (Ogal) fueron: aplicación al suelo (30 mg kg-1); aspersión foliar (20 mg L-1), la combinación de estas formas de aplicación y un testigo. A los 35 y 56 días de emergidas las plantas, se determinó la actividad peroxidasa y los contenidos de malondialdehido, proteinas totales y clorofilas. Resultados. El efecto que provocan el Cu, Cd y el Fe en las plántulas, fue atenuado por todas las variantes de uso de la mezcla Ogal, por lo que las mismas han desarrollado mecanismos de adaptación ante las altas concentraciones metálicas que le permiten subsistir al estrés abiótico. Conclusiones. La mezcla de Ogal atenuó el efecto que provocan los metales pesados en la actividad peroxidasa, el contenido malondialdehido, proteínas totales y clorofilas en plantas de tomate var. Amalia.

Abstract Introduction. Heavy metal pollution is a growing problem due to human activities. Plants can remove, destroy, or transform contaminants from soil, water, and air. By using plant growth regulators and chelating agents, heavy metal toxicity can be reduced. Objective. To evaluate the effect of applying a mixture of oligogalacturonides on peroxidase activity and the contents of malondialdehyde, total protein, and chlorophylls in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) var. Amalia subjected to high levels of heavy metals. Materials and methods. Soil contaminated with Cu, Cd, and Fe was collected from the Adalberto Vidal White Ceramic Company in Mayabeque, Cuba, in 2020. The experiment was conducted in 7 kg capacity bags using tomato plants, under semi-controlled conditions at the Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Agrícolas (INCA), with a completely randomized experimental design with each treatment having ten replicates. The treatments with the oligogalacturonides (Ogal) were soil application (30 mg kg-1); foliar spray (20 mg L-1), the combination of these application forms, and a control. Peroxidase activity and the contents of malondialdehyde, total protein, and chlorophylls were determined at 35 and 56 days after the plant’s emergence. Results. The effect of Cu, Cd, and Fe on the seedlings was attenuated by all the use of the Ogal mixture variants use, indicating that they have developed adaptation mechanisms to high metal concentrations which allows to withstand abiotic stress. Conclusions. The Ogal mixture attenuated the effect of heavy metals on peroxidase activity, malondialdehyde content, total proteins, and chlorophylls in Amalia tomato plants.

Resumen La manufactura del mueble de madera en Misantla utiliza procesos artesanales largos, técnicamente no estructurados, con alta generación de desperdicio de madera y gran rotación entre sus artesanos. Esta investigación describe la forma de organización y operación de las carpinterías y talleres de ese sector. Se estudiaron las interrelaciones de los actores económicos proveedor-organización-cliente, incluidos los procesos internos y externos, así como los factores productivos que caracterizan su cadena de suministro. El estudio, realizado en 2021, tuvo un enfoque mixto, alcance exploratorio y diseño transversal. Se contactaron a dueños o encargados de 86 carpinterías y 101 talleres de muebles de madera a los que se les realizó una encuesta semiestructurada. Los hallazgos describen una industria familiar con tecnología adaptada y construida por el mismo carpintero, nulo acceso a tecnologías asistidas por computadora, y esquemas de comercialización para una economía local y regional que propicia entregas tardías e incumplimiento al cliente. Este contexto de industria familiar exige estructuras de organización administrativa formal, programas de capacitación, y esquemas de integración industrial que permitan acceder a tecnología y financiamiento. Resulta importante la organización como un solo sector de artesanos, un plan de reforestación y manejo sustentable de extracción, mejoramiento del suministro de materias primas y materiales, así como definir estrategias de comercialización, y plantear procesos automatizados para ensamble e integración vertical para conformar clústeres de cadena de valor. Futuras investigaciones podrían utilizar un muestreo aleatorio, ampliar el tamaño de muestra, reducir la longitud de la encuesta e incluir a mueblerías de otras regiones.

Abstract Wooden furniture manufacturing in Misantla uses long, technically unstructured artisan processes, high generation of wood waste and high turnover among its handicraftsmen. This paper describes the organization and operation of their carpentry shops and workshops. The relationships between their economic agents, the supplier-organization-final customers, including the internal and external processes as well as their productive factors that make up their supply chain were studied. This research, accomplished in 2021, was a mixed, exploratory and transactional study. 86 carpentry shops and 101 workshops were interviewed and a semi-structured survey was applied. Findings state a family wood furniture industry, with a technology designed by the carpenters, no access to technology supported by computers or the marketing strategies for a local and regional scope that favors delayed deliveries and client complaints. This family industry context requires formal administrative organization structures, training programs, and industrial integration schemes that allow access to technology and financing. It is important to organize as a single handicraft sector, a plan for reforestation and sustainable extraction management, an improvement in the supply of raw materials and materials, as well as defining marketing strategies, proposing automated processes for assembly and vertical integration to form clusters of value chain. Future research could use random sampling, enlarge the sample size, reduce the length of the survey, and include furniture stores from other regions.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi tornar visível, analisar e sistematizar os testemunhos dos professores que participaram de uma capacitação socioemocional. Para tanto, registrou-se, através de questionários de avaliação, informações de três gerações que participaram do Diplomado "Ser Professor, Ser Pessoa", a fim de sistematizar e codificar os conjuntos de experiências e aprendizados que favorecem as dimensões pessoais e profissionais do professor, especialmente o cuidado de si, do outro e de sua profissão. As informações coletadas evidenciaram a necessidade de trabalhar com base no cuidado de si e nas experiências próprias, a fim de conseguir um impacto direto nas relações interpessoais entre professores e com seus alunos, no que diz respeito à sua identidade profissional. Destaca-se também a necessidade de promover uma formação sobre a dimensão humana e relacional do exercício da profissão de professor que favoreça seu desenvolvimento profissional. Finalmente, observou-se que a formação das habilidades socioemocionais a partir da ética do cuidado de si é uma contribuição importante para a inovação educacional, assim como para catalisar a revalorização e a re-humanização do professor.

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue visibilizar, analizar y sistematizar los testimonios de docentes participantes de una formación socioemocional. Para ello, se registró información de tres cohortes que participaron en el Diplomado "Ser Docente, Ser Persona" mediante cuestionarios de evaluación, para sistematizar y codificar los conjuntos de experiencias y aprendizajes que favorecen las dimensiones personal y profesional del docente, especialmente el cuidado de sí, del otro y de su profesión. A partir de la información obtenida, se evidenció la necesidad de trabajar desde el cuidado de sí mismo y las experiencias propias para lograr un impacto directo en las relaciones interpersonales entre docentes y con sus alumnos, con respecto a su identidad profesional. También, sobresale la necesidad de fomentar una formación en torno a la dimensión humana y relacional del quehacer docente que favorezca su desarrollo profesional. Por último, se encontró que la formación de habilidades socioemocionales desde la ética del cuidado de sí es un aporte importante para la innovación educativa, así como para catalizar la revaloración y la rehumanización del docente.

Abstract The objective of this work was to make visible, to analyze, and to systematize the testimonies of teachers who participated in a social emotional training. To this end, information from three generations that participated in the Diploma Course "Being a Teacher, Being a Person" was recorded using evaluation questionnaires, in order to systematize and codify the sets of experiences and learning that favor the personal and professional dimensions of the teacher, especially the care of the self, of the other, and of their profession. The information collected evidenced the need to work based on the care of the self and on personal experiences in order to achieve a direct impact on interpersonal relationships among teachers and with their students, with respect to their professional identity. Also, the need to promote training regarding the human and relational dimension of teachers' work that favors their professional development stands out. Finally, it was found that the training of the social emotional skills from the ethics of the care of the self is an important contribution to educational innovation, as well as to catalyze the revaluation and re-humanization of the teacher.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a estrutura dos programas de ensino e os conteúdos do componente Saúde e Desenvolvimento do Adolescente na formação dos estudantes de enfermagem. Método: estudo observacional descritivo, realizado na Colômbia, Equador e Peru. Aplicou-se o Instrumento de (auto)avaliação do componente Saúde e Desenvolvimento do Adolescente na graduação de profissionais de saúde. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva. Resultados: 95 Escolas de Enfermagem participaram (84,1% do total). Dos professores responsáveis pelo ensino da saúde dos adolescentes, 31,6% não tinham formação específica na matéria e 18,9% não tinham formação no campo da educação/pedagogia. Estes são os principais tópicos que poderiam ser incorporados à formação: comportamento, identidade de gênero e orientação sexual, bullying e cyberbullying, uso de tecnologias digitais, violência entre parceiros, paternidade adolescente e puberdade tardia. Conclusão: os professores têm formação limitada em questões pedagógicas/educacionais e em temas específicos da saúde dos adolescentes. O currículo precisa ser atualizado com conteúdos relacionados a saúde e desenvolvimento dos adolescentes; deve-se incluir conhecimento de leis e políticas e expandir a capacidade dos profissionais de enfermagem para que possam gerar, analisar e utilizar dados para a tomada de decisões.

Abstract Objective: analyze the structure of teaching programs and contents of the adolescent health and its development in nursing education. Method: descriptive observational study conducted in Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Data was collected by the Instrument for (self-)evaluation of the adolescent health and development component in undergraduate nursing programs, and investigated using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 95 nursing schools participated in the study (84.1% of the total). Of the faculty responsible for teaching contents relating to adolescent health, 31.6% had no specific training on the topic and 18.9% had no educational/pedagogical training. Behavior, gender identity and sexual orientation, bullying and cyberbullying, use of digital technologies, partner violence, parenting, and pubertal delay were the main topics which could be incorporated into nursing education. Conclusion: the faculty of the schools analyzed have limited education in pedagogical/educational topics and specific adolescent health issues. Curricula should be updated, including knowledge of laws and policies, thus expanding nurses’ ability to generate, analyze and use data for decision making.

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la estructura de los programas de enseñanza y los contenidos del componente de salud y desarrollo del adolescente en la formación de los estudiantes de enfermería. Método: estudio observacional descriptivo, realizado en Colombia, Ecuador y Perú. Se aplicó el Instrumento para (auto)evaluar el componente de salud y desarrollo del adolescente en la formación de pregrado de los proveedores de salud. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: participaron 95 escuelas (84,1% del total). De los docentes encargados de la enseñanza de la salud de los adolescentes, el 31,6% no tenía formación específica en la materia y el 18,9% no tenía formación en el ámbito de la educación/pedagogía. Los principales temas que podrían incorporarse a la formación son: comportamiento, identidad de género y orientación sexual, bullying y cyberbullying, uso de las tecnologías digitales, violencia en el noviazgo, paternidad y retraso puberal. Conclusión: el profesorado tiene una formación limitada en temas pedagógicos/educativos y en temas específicos de la salud del adolescente. El plan de estudios debe actualizarse con contenidos del desarrollo y salud del adolescente, incluir conocimientos sobre las leyes y políticas, y ampliar la capacidad de las enfermeras para generar, analizar y utilizar datos para la toma de decisiones.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A etiologia das disfunções temporomandibulares engloba fatores locais e sistêmicos, destacando-se a condição oclusal, trauma, atividades parafuncionais e estresse emocional, derivando-se os sinais de ansiedade e de depressão. Esses, por sua vez, apresentam maior propensão em se desenvolver na população universitária devido às mudanças exigidas ao ingressar na universidade e a cobrança por um bom desempenho. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a correlação de sintomas de ansiedade e de depressão e a existência de sintomas associados às disfunções temporomandibulares em estudantes universitários. MÉTODOS: Realizou-se um estudo clínico epidemiológico, aleatório e transversal, cuja amostra foi constituída por 100 estudantes universitários, aos quais foram aplicados os questionários Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Eixo II e o Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Para a análise estatística foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado e o Modelo de regressão logística. RESULTADOS: Os resultados do presente estudo foram constituídos pelas respostas de 79 mulheres e 21 homens, com média de idade de 19 anos. Foram observadas as seguintes associações: estado de saúde geral e depressão, ansiedade e dor na face/estalos, hábito de ranger/apertar os dentes ao dormir, e resposta “sim” para ansiedade, desconforto com seus dentes e depressão; estado de angustiado/preocupado com todas as questões de ansiedade; depressão e pensamentos sobre morte, dificuldade em respirar e sentir-se desanimado sobre o futuro. CONCLUSÃO: A partir dos dados obtidos foi possível concluir que a presença de sintomas relativos à ansiedade e depressão interferem nos sintomas dolorosos das disfunções temporomandibulares da população abordada.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The etiology of temporomandibular disorders includes local and systemic factors, with an emphasis on the occlusal condition, trauma, parafunctional activities, and emotional stress, deriving signs of anxiety and depression. These, in turn, are more likely to develop in the university population, due to the changes required when entering university and the demand for good performance. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between anxiety and depression symptoms and the existence of symptoms associated with temporomandibular disorders in university students. METHODS: An epidemiological, randomized, and cross-sectional clinical study conducted with 100 university students. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders: Axis II and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale questionnaires were applied. For the statistical analysis, the Chi-square tests and the Logistic regression model were used. RESULTS: The results of the present study consisted of responses from 79 women and 21 men, with a mean age of 19 years. The following associations were observed: general health status and depression; anxiety and pain in the face/ clicking; habit of grinding/clenching teeth when sleeping, and a “yes” answer to anxiety; discomfort with your teeth and depression; state of anguished/worried about all anxiety issues; depression and thoughts about death, difficulty in breathing and feeling discouraged about the future. CONCLUSION: From the data obtained, it was possible to conclude that the presence of symptoms related to anxiety and depression interfere with the painful symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in the addressed population.

Abstract Introduction: the aim of the study was to describe the electrocardiographic and echocardiographic findings in female adolescents with anorexia nervosa and to assess their correlation with clinical variables. Patients and methods: we conducted a retrospective observational case-control study. The analysis included 98 female adolescents admitted to a tertiary hospital due to anorexia nervosa over the last 15 years, all of who underwent an electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluation. Results: the mean age was similar in both groups: 14.6 ± 2.0 years in cases vs. 14.7 ± 2.0 years in controls. Patients with anorexia had significantly lower heart rates (57 ± 12 vs. 72 ± 13 bpm), a smaller R-wave in V5 (1.1 ± 0.5 vs 1.6 ± 0.4 mV) and a lesser left ventricular mass (65.7 ± 14.8 vs 90 ± 15.3 g/m) compared to controls. We found no differences in the QTc interval. In patients with anorexia, the presence of bradycardia was not correlated to weight (r = -0.20, p = 0.05) or body mass index (r = 0.02, p = 0.22) at admission. We found that the left ventricular mass was significantly correlated to the body mass index (r = 0.21, p <0.001,) and the heart rate (r = -0.225, p <0.001). Conclusions: cardiac abnormalities were more prevalent in patients with anorexia nervosa. Bradycardia, changes in ventricular repolarization, and a lesser left ventricular mass were the most frequent abnormalities in our sample.

Resumen Introducción: el objetivo del estudio es describir los hallazgos electrocardiográficos y ecocardiográficos en mujeres adolescentes con anorexia nerviosa y correlacionarlos con parámetros clínicos. Pacientes y métodos: estudio observacional, retrospectivo, de casos y controles. Se estudiaron 98 mujeres adolescentes ingresadas en un hospital terciario por anorexia nerviosa restrictiva (ANR) durante los últimos 15 años, en las que se realizó valoración electrocardiográfica y ecocardiográfica al ingreso. Resultados: la edad media fue similar en ambos grupos (14,6 ± 2,0 frente a 14,7 ± 2,0 años). Las pacientes con ANR presentaban menor frecuencia cardiaca (57 ± 12 frente a 72 ± 13 lpm), voltajes más bajos (rV5 = 1,1 ± 0,5 frente a 1,6 ± 0,4 mV) y menor masa ventricular izquierda (65,7 ± 14,8 frente a 90 ± 15,3 g/m) que las pacientes controles. No se encontraron diferencias en la medición del QTc. En las pacientes con ANR, la bradicardia no se correlacionó con el peso (r = -0,20; p = 0,05), ni con el índice de masa corporal (IMC) (r = 0,02; p = 0,22) al ingreso. El grosor del septo interventricular y la masa del ventrículo izquierdo fueron significativamente menores en los pacientes con ANR (5,7 mm frente a 6,8 mm, p <0,001; 65,7 frente a 90 g/m; p <0,001). La masa ventricular izquierda se correlacionó de forma significativa con el IMC (r = 0,21; p <0,001) y con la frecuencia cardiaca (FC) (r = -0,225; p <0,001). Conclusiones: las alteraciones cardiacas fueron más prevalentes en pacientes con ANR. La bradicardia, los trastornos de la repolarización ventricular y la disminución de la masa cardiaca fueron los más frecuentemente identificados.

RESUMO Este relatório clínico descreve o tratamento de um paciente insatisfeito com a estética do sorriso devido à presença de dentes estreitos, amarelados e à presença de diastema entre os dentes 11 e 21. O exame clínico revelou ausência das guias de desoclusão. O plano de tratamento consistiu na obtenção de modelos de estudo, montagem em um articulador semi-ajustável e enceramento diagnóstico, para avaliar as possibilidades de um tratamento restaurador. Após a aprovação da viabilidade do procedimento, o clareamento dental foi iniciado em consultório, com 38% de peróxido de hidrogênio, associado ao clareamento caseiro, com 15% de peróxido de carbamida, a fim de reduzir o amarelamento dos dentes. Posteriormente, a avaliação funcional do procedimento restaurador foi realizada através da preparação prévia do mock-up. Após aprovação funcional do mock-up, foi realizada a frenectomia labial, uma vez que o freio era a causa do diastema entre os dentes 11 e 21. Após 4 semanas, foi realizado o procedimento restaurador dos dentes 13 ao 23, com resina composta direta, melhorando a estética do sorriso e restaurando as guias de desoclusão.

ABSTRACT This clinical report describes the treatment of a patient dissatisfied with the esthetics of the smile due to the presence of narrow teeth, yellow and the presence of diastema between teeth 11 and 21. Clinical examination revealed absence of the disocclusion guides. The treatment plan consisted in obtaining study casts, assembly in a semi-adjustable articulator and diagnostic waxing, to evaluate the possibilities of a restorative treatment. After the approved the viability of the procedure, dental bleaching was started in-office with 38% hydrogen peroxide associated with at-home bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide, in order to reduce the yellowing of the teeth. Afterwards, the functional evaluation of the restorative procedure was carried out through the prior preparation of the mock-up. After functional approval of the mock-up, lip frenectomy was performed, since the frenulum is the cause of the diastema between the teeth 11 and 21. After 4 weeks was carried out the restorative procedure of teeth 13 to 23, with direct composite resin, improving the aesthetics of the smile and restoring the disocclusion guides.

Objective: Determine attitudes towards the investigation of rotating obstetrics inmates at Sergio E. Bernales Hospital (HSEB) during December 2018 to January 2019. Methods: Transversal study. The population was made up of obstetrics interns who performed professional practices to whom a validated scale of 28 items distributed in 6 dimensions was applied, which assessed attitudes towards research. Results: 57 obstetrics interns participated in the study. The average age was 23.5 ± 2.1 years and 96.5% were female. 54.4% of inmates presented a regular attitude towards scientific research, 24.6% had a good attitude and 21% had a bad attitude. 93.0% of inmates agreed or strongly agreed that publication in a journal helps improve clinical practice, most felt able to interpret a scientific article (68.4%) and prepared to conduct research career related (54.3%); On the other hand, they considered that in order to carry out quality research in the university they had to have basic physical and virtual tools (94.7%) and that the scientific writing course should focus on teaching the preparation of an article (84.2 %). The majority disagreed and disagreed in opting for another graduation modality other than the thesis (50.9%). Conclusion: More than half of HSEB's obstetric inmates had a regular attitude toward research. The results show the need to continue strengthening and promoting research in obstetrics students.

Objetivo: Determinar las actitudes hacia la investigación de internos de obstetricia rotantes en el Hospital Sergio E. Bernales (HSEB) durante diciembre 2018 a enero 2019. Métodos: Estudio transversal. La población estuvo constituida por internos de obstetricia que realizaban prácticas profesionales a quienes se les aplicó una escala validada de 28 ítems distribuidos en 6 dimensiones, que evaluó actitudes hacia la investigación. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 57 internos de obstetricia. La edad promedio fue de 23,5 ± 2,1 años y 96,5% eran de sexo femenino. El 54,4% de internos presentó actitud regular hacia la investigación científica, el 24,6% tuvo una buena actitud y 21% una mala actitud. El 93,0% de internos estuvo de acuerdo o muy de acuerdo con que la publicación en una revista ayuda a mejorar la práctica clínica, la mayoría se sentía capaz de interpretar un artículo científico (68,4%) y preparados para realizar una investigación relacionada con la carrera (54,3%); por otro lado, consideraban que para realizar investigaciones de calidad en la universidad debían contar con herramientas básicas físicas y virtuales (94,7%) y que el curso de redacción científica debía centrarse en la enseñanza de la elaboración de un artículo (84,2%). La mayoría estuvo muy en desacuerdo y en desacuerdo en optar por otra modalidad de graduación que no sea la tesis (50,9%). Conclusión: Más de la mitad de los internos de obstetricia del HSEB tenían actitud regular hacia la investigación. Los resultados evidencian la necesidad de continuar fortaleciendo y promoviendo la investigación en los estudiantes de obstetricia.

ABSTRACT: This article presents results of the study "Organizational dimensions of violence at work in Chile considering occupational and gender inequalities" (Fondecyt Regular 2014. No. 1140060). It focused on three economic sectors: retail, banking and food processing. For each one, a non-probabilistic sample of three labor actors was selected: workers, managers and leaders, and union leaders. A qualitative methodology based on in-depth interviews was applied. The results indicate that violence at work derives from labor relations characterized by a strong imbalance of power between executives and workers, and by the predominance of authoritarian supervision styles that seek to discipline the labor force. It is part of the concept of "oppressive work regime". Gender violence at work expresses the articulation of two forms of oppression against women: their low formal power in organizations and their low social power derived from gender relations that subor dinate and discriminate against them. It manifests itself in greater exposure to ill-treatment associated with occupations of lower status and precarious employment conditions, "macho" attitudes and behav iors, sexual harassment and discrimination associated with motherhood.

RESUMEN: Este artículo expone resultados del estudio “Dimensiones organizacionales de la violencia en el trabajo en Chile considerando desigual dades ocupacionales y de género” (Fondecyt Regular 2014. N° 1140060). Se focalizó en tres sectores económicos: industria del retail, bancaria y de elaboración de alimentos. Para cada uno se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística de tres actores laborales: trabajadores y trabajadoras, directivos y jefaturas, y dirigentes/as sindicales. Se aplicó una metodología cualitativa basada en entrevistas en profun didad. Los resultados indican que la violencia en el trabajo deriva de relaciones laborales caracterizadas por un fuerte desbalance de poder entre ejecutivos y trabajadores/as, y por el predominio de estilos de supervisión autoritarios que buscan disciplinar a la fuerza de trabajo. Se enmarca en el concepto de “régimen de trabajo opresivo”. La vio lencia de género en el trabajo expresa la articulación de dos formas de opresión sobre las mujeres: su bajo poder formal en las organiza ciones y su bajo poder social derivado de relaciones de género que las subordinan y discriminan. Se manifiesta en mayor exposición al maltrato asociado a ocupaciones de menor estatus y a condiciones precarias de empleo, en actitudes y conductas “machistas”, acoso sexual y discriminaciones asociadas a la maternidad.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to examine the trans- and postoperative systemic characteristics of patients undergoing dental implant surgery and to investigate the relationship between pre- and post- surgery anxiety levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-nine patients were analyzed in 3 call centers to determine anxiety levels, pain levels, and preoperative and postoperative histories using the State-Trait (STAI) questionnaire. RESULTS: A total of 93 dental implants were installed, with a success rate of 100%. The most frequently reported systemic disease was hypertension. There was a significantly higher rate of effective clamping (torque) to the mandibular bone than to the maxillary bone. The association between postoperative surgical complications and longer operative time was not significant, but there was a significant correlation between the alteration of mouth opening and daily routine activities and a significant decrease in anxiety levels between the day of surgery and the postoperative time point (p =0.006). CONCLUSION: A longer surgical time was associated with surgery-related complications and with a higher anxiety index on the preoperative evaluation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a surface treatment with Sofreliner primer on tensile bond strength of a resin-based soft liner (Coe-Soft) bonded to a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) resin before and after accelerated aging simulated by a thermocycling machine. Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty rectangular specimens of PMMA resin were fabricated with 10 × 10 mm² of cross-section and 40 mm of height. The resin-based soft liner was positioned between two PMMA resin specimens. The specimens were divided randomly into 6 groups (n = 10) according to the surface treatment and accelerated aging cycles (0, 500 and 1000). After accelerated aging, specimens were submitted to tensile bond strength test. The fractures were classified as adhesive, cohesive or both. Results: Most failures were classified as cohesive (p = 0.025) and there was an increase on the mean values of tensile bond strength for group with primer application regardless the cycles of accelerated aging, and also an increase along thermocycling periods. The scanning electronic microscopy was used to illustrate the types of failures and the effect of primer application on PMMA acrylic resin surface. Conclusion: The primer application associated with resin-based soft liners is clinically viable, once this treatment strategy provides a reliable adhesion.

Abstract We report the case of a 35-year-old woman with deep-red asymptomatic macules on the plantar and dorsal skin of the right great toe. Histopathologic fi ndings were compatible with Angioma serpiginosum. Immunohistochemical stains for estrogens and progesterone receptors were negative. Dermoscopy showed an erythematous parallel ridge pattern with double rows of irregular dots and globules. We report an unusual case of angioma serpiginosum with acral volar skin involvement. The dermoscopic features described may aid in the diagnosis of AS in this specifi c skin area. Acral volar skin involvement must be included in the clinical spectrum of Angioma serpiginosum and in the differential diagnosis of acral vascular lesions.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling and immersion in mouthwash or beverage solutions on the color stability of four different acrylic resin-based dentures (Onda Cryl, OC; QC20, QC; Classico, CL; and Lucitone, LU). The factors evaluated were type of acrylic resin, immersion time, and solution (mouthwash or beverage). A total of 224 denture samples were fabricated. For each type of resin, eight samples were immersed in mouthwashes (Plax-Colgate, PC; Listerine, LI; and Oral-B, OB), beverages (coffee, CP; cola, C; and wine, W), and artificial saliva (AS; control). The color change (DE) was evaluated before (baseline) and after thermocycling (T1), and after immersion in solution for 1 h (T2), 3 h (T3), 24 h (T4), 48 h (T5), and 96 h (T6). The CIE Lab system was used to determine the color changes. The thermocycling test was performed for 5000 cycles. Data were submitted to three-way repeated-measures analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). When the samples were immersed in each mouthwash, all assessed factors, associated or not, significantly influenced the color change values, except there was no association between the mouthwash and acrylic resin. Similarly, when the samples were immersed in each beverage, all studied factors influenced the color change values. In general, regardless of the solution, LU exhibited the greatest DE values in the period from T1 to T5; and QC presented the greatest DE values at T6. Thus, thermocycling and immersion in the various solutions influenced the color stability of acrylic resins and QC showed the greatest color alteration.

The use of ocular prostheses for ophthalmic patients aims to rebuild facial aesthetics and provide an artificial substitute to the visual organ. Natural intemperate conditions promote discoloration of artificial irides and many studies have attempted to produce irides with greater chromatic paint durability using different paint materials. OBJECTIVES: The present study evaluated the color stability of artificial irides obtained with two techniques (oil painting and digital image) and submitted to microwave polymerization. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty samples were fabricated simulating ocular prostheses. each sample was constituted by one disc of acrylic resin N1 and one disc of colorless acrylic resin with the iris interposed between the discs. The irides in brown and blue color were obtained by oil painting or digital image. The color stability was determined by a reflection spectrophotometer and measurements were taken before and after microwave polymerization. Statistical analysis of the techniques for reproducing artificial irides was performed by applying the normal data distribution test followed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD test (α=.05). RESULTS: Chromatic alterations occurred in all specimens and statistically significant differences were observed between the oil-painted samples and those obtained by digital imaging. There was no statistical difference between the brown and blue colors. Independently of technique, all samples suffered color alterations after microwave polymerization. CONCLUSION: The digital imaging technique for reproducing irides presented better color stability after microwave polymerization.

Esthetics and durability of materials used to fabricate artificial eyes has been an important issue since artificial eyes are essential to restore esthetics and function, protect the remaining tissues and help with patients' psychological therapy. However, these materials are submitted to degrading effects of environmental agents on the physical properties of the acrylic resin. OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the color stability of acrylic resins used to fabricate sclera in three basic shades (N1, N2 and N3) when subjected to accelerated aging, mechanical and chemical polishing. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Specimens of each resin were fabricated and submitted to mechanical and chemical polishing. Chromatic analysis was performed before and after accelerated aging through ultraviolet reflection spectrophotometry. RESULTS: All specimens revealed color alteration following polishing and accelerated aging. The resins presented statistically significant chromatic alteration (p<0.01) between the periods of 252 and 1008 h. CONCLUSIONS: Both polishing methods presented no significant difference between the values of color derivatives of resins.