The essential oil (EO) of aerial parts of Lantana camara L., Verbenaceae, from Simões, Piaui, Northeast of Brazil, were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS techniques. In total, 68 compounds were identified. The most representative compounds of the oil were mono and sesquiterpenes. The main compounds found in the oil of the leaves in different months were β-caryophyllene (10.5%, in June of 2009), sabinene (7.98%, in September of 2008), limonene (7.68%, in September of 2008), spathulenol (11.64%, in September of 2008). The oil from stems of L. camara was characterized by a largest amount of sesquiterpenoids, with spatulenol (15.9%) and caryophyllene oxide (17.1% in June of 2009), as main components. β-Gurjunene (32.7%, in September of 2008) was the most prominent compound in the stems oils, which was absent or at very low relative abundance in leaves. L. camara essential oils from leaves were cytotoxic to V79 mammalian cells and also to Artemia salina, showing 50% lethal concentration (LC50) values from 0.23 µg/mL. The in vitro data obtained in this study suggested that EO may also be effective treating yeast infection in patients infected with fluconazole and terbinafine resistant isolates, but its toxicity must be monitored carefully.

O cultivo da mandioca, no Acre, apresenta diversos problemas, destacando-se a competição com as plantas daninhas, que, na Amazônia, torna-se mais grave, em razão de o desenvolvimento das plantas daninhas ser favorecido pela elevada precipitação pluvial anual (em torno de 1.900 mm) e pelas altas temperaturas o ano todo. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram definir o período total de prevenção de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura de mandioca e avaliar a competitividade das cultivares em comparação com as não-ramificadas. Os ensaios foram conduzidos no ano agrícola 1995/98, na estação experimental da Embrapa Acre, no município de Rio Branco, onde foram avaliadas sete épocas de capinas, em duas cultivares. Em um experimento foram estudadas as cultivares 'Rosada' (ramificada) e 'Pão' (não-ramificada) e, nos outros dois ensaios, conduzidos nos anos seguintes, as cultivares 'IM 319' (ramificada) e 'Rasgadinha' (não-ramificada). Foram avaliados a produtividade de raiz e de parte aérea e os teores de ácido cianídrico e de amido, além da percentagem de raízes podres. A interação cultivar x capina para a produtividade de raízes não foi significativa em nenhum ano, enquanto a produtividade de parte aérea foi significativa apenas no ano agrícola 1995/96. Esse resultado demonstra que a característica ramificação não confere vantagem sobre a cultivar não-ramificada. A realização de duas capinas proporcionou rendimentos satisfatórios, de raiz e de parte aérea, no ano agrícola 1997/98. O período total de prevenção de interferência das plantas daninhas na cultura da mandioca foi de aproximadamente 60 diasdepois do plantio, e os teores de amido e de ácido cianídrico e a percentagem de raiz podre não foram influenciados pelas plantas daninhas.

The cultivation of cassava presents several problems in the state of Acre - Brazil, with weed competition being one of the most important and becoming more serious in the Amazon region because weed development is favored by heavy rainfall (around 1900 mm) and high average temperature all over the year. The objective of this research was to determine the total weed interference prevention period in cassava crop and to evaluate the competitiveness of branched and non-branched cassava cultivars. The experiments were carried out at Embrapa Acre Experimental Station in Rio Branco County, state of Acre - Brazil, from 1995 to 1998, comprising seven weeding periods and two cultivars. In one of the experiments, the cultivars studied were Rosada (branched) and Pão (non-branched) and in the next two assays, conducted during the following years, the cultivars grown were IM 319 (branched) and Rasgadinha (non-branched). The parameters evaluated were root and shoot production, contents of cyanide acid and starch as well as rotten root percentage. Cultivar x weeding interaction relative to shoot production was not significant in any year, what shows no competitive advantage of branched over non-branched cultivar. Two weedings provided satisfactory root and shoot yield . The results showed that the total weed interference prevention period in the cassava crop was around 60 days after planting and that the contents of starch, cyanide acid and percentage of rotten root were not influenced by the weeds.