ResumoO uso das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) é crescente e sua institucionalização na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) um desafio. Este artigo discute o uso, o cuidado e as políticas das PIC na esfera internacional e nacional, por meio da literatura indexada. Foi realizada revisão da literatura no PubMed/Medline e na Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde com os unitermos "Homeopatia", "Acupuntura", "Fitoterapia", "Práticas Corporais", "Atenção Primária à Saúde" e correlatos, nas línguas inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa, entre 2002 e 2011. Observou-se na literatura avaliações do uso das PIC para o tratamento de patologias específicas, com perspectiva biomédica; avaliações do seu uso para o tratamento de patologias específicas, porém focadas nos sentidos atribuídos pelos usuários e profissionais; análise da viabilidade política, econômica e social das PIC nos serviços de saúde. Conclui-se que predomina na literatura a busca pela validação científica das PIC e um viés metodológico biomédico no desenho dos estudos, o qual não contribui para esclarecer o potencial de cuidado das PIC na APS.

AbstractThe use of Complementary and Integrative Practices (CIP) is on the increase and its institutionalization in Primary Health Care (PHC) is a challenge. This article discusses the use, care, and policies of CIP at international and national levels found in the indexed literature. A review of the literature in PubMed/Medline and the Virtual Health Library was conducted using the key search words "Homeopathy", "Acupuncture", "Herbal Medicine", "Body Practices", "Primary Health Care" and other related terms in English, Spanish and Portuguese between 2002 and 2011. The use in the literature of CIP for the treatment of specific diseases from a biomedical perspective was observed, as well as evaluations of its use for the treatment of specific diseases focused on the reaction of the users and professionals and the analysis of the political, economic and social viability of CIP in health services. The conclusion drawn is that what is predominant in the literature is the quest for the scientific validation of CIP and a biomedical methodological bias in the designs of the studies, which does not contribute to clarifying the potential care of CIP in PHC.

ResumoO uso das Práticas Integrativas e Complementares (PIC) é crescente e sua institucionalização na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) um desafio. Este artigo discute o uso, o cuidado e as políticas das PIC na esfera internacional e nacional, por meio da literatura indexada. Foi realizada revisão da literatura no PubMed/Medline e na Biblioteca Virtual da Saúde com os unitermos "Homeopatia", "Acupuntura", "Fitoterapia", "Práticas Corporais", "Atenção Primária à Saúde" e correlatos, nas línguas inglesa, espanhola e portuguesa, entre 2002 e 2011. Observou-se na literatura avaliações do uso das PIC para o tratamento de patologias específicas, com perspectiva biomédica; avaliações do seu uso para o tratamento de patologias específicas, porém focadas nos sentidos atribuídos pelos usuários e profissionais; análise da viabilidade política, econômica e social das PIC nos serviços de saúde. Conclui-se que predomina na literatura a busca pela validação científica das PIC e um viés metodológico biomédico no desenho dos estudos, o qual não contribui para esclarecer o potencial de cuidado das PIC na APS.

AbstractThe use of Complementary and Integrative Practices (CIP) is on the increase and its institutionalization in Primary Health Care (PHC) is a challenge. This article discusses the use, care, and policies of CIP at international and national levels found in the indexed literature. A review of the literature in PubMed/Medline and the Virtual Health Library was conducted using the key search words "Homeopathy", "Acupuncture", "Herbal Medicine", "Body Practices", "Primary Health Care" and other related terms in English, Spanish and Portuguese between 2002 and 2011. The use in the literature of CIP for the treatment of specific diseases from a biomedical perspective was observed, as well as evaluations of its use for the treatment of specific diseases focused on the reaction of the users and professionals and the analysis of the political, economic and social viability of CIP in health services. The conclusion drawn is that what is predominant in the literature is the quest for the scientific validation of CIP and a biomedical methodological bias in the designs of the studies, which does not contribute to clarifying the potential care of CIP in PHC.

A new series of 5-benzylidene-2-[(pyridine-4-ylmethylene)hydrazono]-thiazolidin-4-ones 4a-l have been synthesized. These compounds were designed by a molecular hybridization approach. 2-[(Pyridine-4-ylmethylene)hydrazono]-thiazolidin-4-ones 3a-d were also obtained and used as intermediates to give the target compounds. The in vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities were evaluated for both series. The intermediate 3b showed considerable antibiotic activity against B. subtilis and C. albicans. In the cytotoxic activity compounds 3b (IC50= 4.25 ± 0.36 µg/mL) and 4l (IC50= 1.38 ± 0.04 µg/mL) were effective for inhibition of human erythromyeloblastoid leukemia (K-562) and human lung carcinoma (NCI-H292) cell lines, respectively.

The plants used in traditional medicine have been considered an important source of molecules with pharmacological activity, including antitumor. The aim of this study was to present a pharmacological description and the phytochemical components related to antitumor activity of thirty plants commonly cited in Brazil to treat tumors as well as offering an overview of approaches that are necessary for the development of herbal medicines from these resources. In the search for studies with these plants, five database were used (SciELO, Scirus, Scopus, Biological Abstracts and Web of Science), with the following keywords: tumor AND Species AND cancer. We consider all the scientific synonyms of species available in the Tropicos® database (http://www.tropicos.org/). We surveyed papers from the period between 1980 and 2008. Twnety one species (70%) have at least one evaluation of a class of molecule or metabolite isolated against a pharmacological model. Most species (60%) has in vivo studies. Of the thirty plant species, two stood out for having pharmacological studies in vitro, in vivo and clinical with positive results: Chelidonium majus L., Papaveraceae, and Aloe arborescens Mill., Xanthorrhoeaceae. Although there is generally a good activity of species presented here, there is a need for further studies in order to evaluate the possibility of developing some byproduct.

A espécie Dioclea grandiflora Mart. ex. Benth., Fabaceae é uma planta que pertence à família Fabaceae, popularmente conhecida como mucunã-de-caroço e olho-de-boi, e, encontra-se distribuída nas regiões da caatinga e serrado do Brasil. Os extratos aquoso, etanólico e hidroalcoólico da casca do caule, da casca da raiz e da folha de D. grandiflora, nas concentrações de 313 µg/mL a 10.000 µg/mL, foram analisados por meio de técnica de difusão em ágar, frente a vinte microrganismos representantes de bactérias Gram positivas, Gram negativas, fungos filamentosos e leveduras. O extrato aquoso da casca do caule, na concentração de 10.000 µg/mL, inibiu o crescimento de Staphylococcus aureuscom halo de 20 mm. Já o extrato hidroalcoólico da casca do caule inibiu apenas S. aureuscom halo de 18 mm, enquanto o extrato da folha inibiu o crescimento de dois dermatófitos, Trichophyton mentagrophytese Microsporum canis. Por outro lado, o extrato hidroalcoólico da casca da raiz inibiu apenas M. caniscom halo de 15 mm de diâmetro. Das frações do extrato aquoso da folha, apenas acetato de etila inibiu o crescimento de Streptococcus epidermides, Candida albicans, T. metagrophytese M. canis.Para o extrato etanólico do caule, a fração aquosa inibiu S. epidermidese S. aureus.

The species Dioclea grandifloraMart. ex. Benth., Fabaceae is a plant that belongs to the Fabaceae family, popularly known as "mucunã-de-caroço" and "olho-de-boi". It can be found distributed in mountainous regions and in the scrub savanna of Brazil. The aqueous, ethanol and hydroalcoholic extracts of stem bark, root bark and leaves of D. grandifloraon concentration from 313 µg/mL to 10.000 µg/mL, were analyzed by the agar diffusion technique, front to twenty microorganisms, representatives of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, filamentous fungi and yeasts. The aqueous extract of stem bark, on concentration of 10.000 µg/mL, inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureuswith a 20 mm halo. Hydroalcoholic extract of stem bark only inhibited S. aureuswith a halo of 18 mm, while leaves extract inhibited the growth of two dermatophytes, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Microsporum canis. On the other hand, hydroalcoholic extract of root bark only inhibited M. caniswith a halo of 15 mm diameter. From the fractions of aqueous extract of leaves, only ethyl acetate inhibited the growth of Streptococcus epidermides, Candida albicans, T. mentagrophytese M. canis. For the ethanol extract of stem bark, the aqueous fraction inhibited S. epidermides and S. aureus.

Sidastrum paniculatum (L.) Fryxell belongs to the family Malvaceae and is popularly known as "malva roxa" or "malvavisco". The phytochemical study of the hexane, CHCl3 and EtOAc phases from the crude ethanol extract of S. paniculatum led to the isolation of six compounds: a mixture of β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, 4-methoxy-3-hydroxybenzoic acid, 4-methoxy-3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, N-trans-feruloyltyramine and kaempferol-3-O-β-D-(6''-E-p -coumaroyl) glucoside. The structural identification of the compounds was made on the basis of spectroscopic methods such as IR, ¹H and 13C NMR with the aid of including two-dimensional techniques, besides comparison with literature data. The β-sitosterol and stigmasterol mixture showed a significant anti-inflammatory activity.

As irradiações com lasers não-cirúrgicos têm sido usadas com sucesso em diversas especialidades biomédicas. A ação do laser na atividade proliferativa celular é um assunto controverso já que a luz laser tem ora estimulado e ora inibido a proliferação de células em culturas. As culturas de células "in vitro" constituem um excelente meio para o estudo dos efeitos de diversos agentes permitindo verificar as reações entre dose e efeito. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar através do M.T.T. (dimetil-tetrazólio) o efeito da irradiação de células H.Ep.2 por lasers de 635nm e 670nm de comprimento de onda, "in vitro". As células foram dissociadas a partir de tumores de câncer de laringe, e foram mantidas acondicionadas congeladas em frasco de cultura a -80ºC. Após o preparo das placas e 24 horas após o transplante, foram submetidas a doses de 0.04 a 0.48J/cm² durante sete dias (635 ou 670nm, CW, 5 mW, (f ~1mm beam), 0.04, 0.06, 0.12, 0.24, 0.48J/cm²). Os resultados demonstraram que a luz laser de 635nm não exerce um efeito estimulativo significante na proliferação das células H.Ep.2, dentro da faixa energética de 0,04J/cm² e 0,48J/cm² e que as culturas irradiadas com o laser de 670nm tiveram sua atividade proliferativa aumentada em comparação aos grupos controle e aos irradiados com o laser de 635nm. Conclui-se que a irradiação de células H.Ep.2 com lasers de 670nm resulta em um aumento da proliferação celular; que a proliferação celular em culturas irradiadas com o laser de 670nm foi melhor observado com doses a partir de 0.08J/cm²; que a dose e o comprimento de onda são fatores que podem influenciar no processo proliferativo das células H.Ep.2.

Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used successfully in biomedicine and some of the results are thought to be related to cell proliferation. The effects of LLLT on cell proliferation is debatable because studies have found both an increase and a decrease in proliferation of cell cultures. Cell culture is an excellent method to assess both effects and dose of treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 635nm and 670nm laser irradiation of H.Ep.2 cells in vitro using MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide). The cells were obtained from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the larynx and were routinely processed from defrost to the experimental condition. Twenty-four hours after transplantation the cells were irradiated with doses ranging from 0.04 to 0.48J/cm² for seven consecutive days (5 mW diode lasers: 635nm or 670nm, beam cross-section ~1mm) at local light doses between 0.04 and 0.48J/cm². The results showed that 635nm laser light did not significantly stimulate the proliferation of H.Ep.2 cells at doses of 0.04J/cm² to 0.48J/cm², However, 670nm laser irradiation led to an increased cell proliferation when compared to both control and 635nm irradiated cells. The best cell proliferation was found with 670nm laser irradiated cultures exposed to doses of doses of 0.04 to 0.48J/cm². We conclude that both dose and wavelength are factors that may affect cell proliferation of H.Ep.2 cells.