Pesquisa | SciELO

Resumo Em todo o mundo, a agricultura convencional faz uso extensivo de pesticidas. Embora os efeitos dos herbicidas sejam relativamente bem conhecidos em termos de impactos ambientais em organismos não-alvo, há pouca evidência científica sobre os impactos de resíduos de herbicidas em artrópodes aquáticos de áreas de conservação tropicais. Este estudo avalia pela primeira vez a toxicidade dos herbicidas ametryn, atrazine e clomazone sobre o inseto aquático Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). A concentração letal (LC50) de herbicidas foi avaliada para esses insetos, bem como o efeito dos herbicidas nos tecidos e testículos dos insetos. A LC50 estimada foi de 1012,41, 192,42 e 46,09 mg/L para clomazone, atrazine e ametryn, respectivamente. Alterações nos espermatócitos e espermátides foram observadas sob o efeito de atrazine, e efeitos na espermatogênese foram observados para algumas concentrações de clomazone, com aparente recuperação após um curto período de tempo. Nossos resultados fornecem informações úteis sobre os efeitos de resíduos de herbicidas em sistemas aquáticos. Essas informações podem ajudar a minimizar o risco de efeitos reprodutivos de longo prazo em espécies não-alvo que foram negligenciadas anteriormente em estudos de ecotoxicologia.

Abstract Worldwide, conventional agriculture makes extensive use of pesticides. Although the effects of herbicides are relatively well known in terms of environmental impacts on non-target organisms, there is very little scientific evidence regarding the impacts of herbicide residues on aquatic arthropods from tropical conservation areas. This study evaluates for the first time the toxicity of the herbicides ametryn, atrazine, and clomazone on the aquatic insect Limnocoris submontandoni (Hemiptera: Naucoridae). The lethal concentration (LC50) of herbicides was evaluated for these insects, as well as the effect of the herbicides on the insects’ tissues and testicles. The estimated LC50 was 1012.41, 192.42, and 46.09 mg/L for clomazone, atrazine, and ametryn, respectively. Spermatocyte and spermatid changes were observed under the effect of atrazine, and effects on spermatogenesis were observed for some concentrations of clomazone, with apparent recovery after a short time. Our results provide useful information on the effects of herbicide residues in aquatic systems. This information can help minimize the risk of long-term reproductive effects in non-target species that have been previously overlooked in ecotoxicology studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.247487 141 downloads

Rivaroxabana em Pacientes Ambulatoriais com COVID-19 Leve ou Moderada: Fundamentação e Desenho do Estudo CARE (CARE – Coalition COVID-19 Brazil VIII)
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Oliveira, Gustavo B. F.

; Neves, Precil Diego M. M.

; Oliveira, Haliton A.

; Catarino, Daniela Ghidetti Mangas

; Alves, Lucas B. O.

; Cavalcanti, Alexandre B.

; Rosa, Regis G.

; Veiga, Viviane C.

; Azevedo, Luciano C.P.

; Berwanger, Otávio

; Lopes, Renato D.

; Avezum, Álvaro

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 Nº 3 elocation e20220431

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Background Previous studies have demonstrated a high risk of arterial and venous thromboembolic events as a consequence of direct viral damage to endothelial cells by SARS-CoV-2 and a procoagulant milieu due to increased biomarkers, such as D-dimer, fibrinogen, and factor VIII. Although randomized controlled trials of antithrombotic therapies have been conducted in hospitalized patients, few have evaluated the role of thromboprophylaxis in an outpatient setting. Objective To assess whether antithrombotic prophylaxis with rivaroxaban reduces the risk of venous or arterial thrombotic events, invasive ventilatory support, and death in COVID-19 outpatients. Methods The COVID Antithrombotic Rivaroxaban Evaluation (CARE) study, a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial of rivaroxaban 10 mg once daily for 14 days or local standard treatment alone to prevent adverse outcomes, is registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04757857). The inclusion criteria are adults with confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection and mild or moderate symptoms without indication for hospitalization, within 7 days of symptom onset, and 1 risk factor for COVID-19 complication (> 65 years, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other chronic lung diseases, smoking, immunosuppression, or obesity). The primary composite endpoint, which includes venous thromboembolism, invasive mechanical ventilation, major acute cardiovascular events, and mortality within 30 days of randomization, will be assessed according to the intention-to-treat principle. All patients will provide informed consent. A significance level of 5% will be used for all statistical tests. Results Major thrombotic and bleeding outcomes, hospitalizations, and deaths will be centrally adjudicated by an independent clinical events committee blinded to the assigned treatment groups. Conclusion The CARE study will provide relevant and contemporary information about the potential role of thromboprophylaxis in outpatients with COVID-19.

Resumo Fundamento Estudos anteriores revelaram alto risco de eventos tromboembólicos arteriais e venosos como consequência de danos virais diretos do SARS-CoV-2 em células endoteliais e um meio procoagulante devido ao aumento de biomarcadores como o D-dímero, fibrinogênio, fator VIII. Foram realizados ensaios controlados randomizados de terapias antitrombóticas em pacientes internados, no entanto, poucos estudos avaliaram o papel da tromboprofilaxia no ambiente ambulatorial. Objetivo Avaliar se a profilaxia antitrombótica com rivaroxabana reduz o risco de eventos trombóticos venosos ou arteriais, suporte ventilatório invasivo e morte em pacientes ambulatoriais com COVID-19. Métodos O estudo CARE é um ensaio randomizado, aberto, multicêntrico e controlado por rivaroxabana 10 mg uma vez por dia durante 14 dias ou tratamento local padrão isolado, para a prevenção de resultados adversos, registrado no Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04757857). Os critérios de inclusão são adultos com infecção confirmada ou suspeita do SARS-CoV-2, com sintomas leves ou moderados, sem indicação de hospitalização, no prazo de 7 dias após o início dos sintomas e um fator de risco de complicação da COVID-19 (>65 anos, hipertensão, diabetes, asma, doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica ou outras doenças pulmonares crônicas, tabagismo, imunossupressão ou obesidade). O desfecho primário composto inclui tromboembolismo venoso, necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva, eventos cardiovasculares agudos maiores e mortalidade no prazo de 30 dias após a randomização, sendo avaliado segundo o princípio da intenção de tratar. Todos os pacientes assinaram termo de consentimento. Foi estabelecido um nível de significância de 5% para todos os testes estatísticos. Resultados Os principais desfechos trombóticos e hemorrágicos, hospitalizações e mortes serão avaliados centralmente por um comitê de eventos clínicos independente, sob a condição cega para a alocação dos grupos de tratamento. Conclusão O estudo CARE fornecerá informação relevante e contemporânea sobre o possível papel da tromboprofilaxia em pacientes ambulatoriais com COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220431

First molecular description of autochthonous urban cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Galvão, G. R.

; Gonçalves, E. C.

; Moura, L. G. S.

; Virgolino, R. R.

; Neves, A. M. P.

; Aguiar, D. C. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e267617

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Leishmaniasis is an anthropozoonosis transmitted by vectors, with dogs being the main domestic reservoirs. Brazil is one of the countries most affected by this disease, and it has been described in humans and dogs in every region in the country. In the northern region leishmaniasis cases in humans have been described in more than 100 municipalities in the State, including the capital, Belém. This study involves two cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis in which the animals developed clinical signs compatible with the disease in urban areas in Belém, the Pará state capital. The diagnosis was confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect SSUr-rDNA and kDNA of Leishmania sp. and Leishmania infantum, respectively. In one of the cases the animal died and in the other the animal underwent treatment with medicines prescribed for dogs. Through this treatment, parasitemia in the second animal has been kept under control and is being monitored through molecular tests. Previously, no canine cases had been notified from urban neighborhoods in the city of Belém, but only on the island of Cotijuba, at a distance of 29 kilometers from the city. Cases of canine and human leishmaniasis have been recorded close to the capital, Belém, which has areas of conserved vegetation and where the presence of disease vectors has been described. Thus, as has been done in several other Brazilian cities, this study uses clinical and laboratory findings to confirm the presence of autochthonous cases of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the city of Belém.

Resumo A leishmaniose é uma antropozoonose transmitida por vetores, sendo os cães os principais reservatórios domésticos. O Brasil é um dos países mais acometidos por esta doença, sendo descrita em humanos e cães em todas as regiões do país. Na região norte casos de leishmaniose em humanos foram descritos em mais de 100 municípios do Estado, incluindo a capital, Belém. Este estudo envolve dois casos de leishmaniose visceral canina em que os animais desenvolveram sinais clínicos compatíveis com a doença em áreas urbanas de Belém, capital do estado do Pará. O diagnóstico foi confirmado pela reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) para detectar o SSUr-rDNA e kDNA de Leishmania sp e Leishmania infantum, respectivamente. Em um dos casos o animal veio a óbito e no outro o animal foi submetido a tratamento com medicamentos prescritos para cães. Por meio desse tratamento, a parasitemia no segundo animal foi mantida sob controle e está sendo monitorada por meio de testes moleculares. Anteriormente, nenhum caso canino havia sido notificado em bairros urbanos da cidade de Belém, apenas na ilha de Cotijuba, distante 29 quilômetros da cidade. Casos de leishmaniose canina e humana foram registrados próximo à capital, Belém, que possui áreas de vegetação conservada e onde foi descrita a presença de vetores de doenças. Assim, como tem sido registrado em várias outras cidades brasileiras, este estudo utiliza achados clínicos e laboratoriais para confirmar a presença de casos autóctones de leishmaniose visceral canina na cidade de Belém.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.267617

Effects of corn straw on meat characteristics of lambs in the Brazilian semi-arid region
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OLIVEIRA, ANA B. DE

; PAULA, TALITA A. DE

; SOUSA, WANDRICK HAUSS DE

; FERREIRA, MARCELO A.

; CARTAXO, FELIPE Q.

; CEZAR, MARCÍLIO F.

; NEVES, MARIA LUCIANA M. WANDERLEY

; BARRETO, LÍGIA MARIA G.

; OLIVEIRA, FLÁVIO G. DE

; GOMES, RAYANE N.

; VÉRAS, ANTONIA SHERLÂNEA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 4 elocation e20200395

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of increasing levels of corn straw replacement of sorghum silage on average daily gain, loin eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, weight of commercial cuts, leg tissue composition, and physico-chemical characteristics of the meat from F1 Santa Inês × Dorper lambs maintained in a feedlot system. Treatments consisted of 0, 33, 66 and 100% corn straw replacement of sorghum silage. There were thirty-six 150-day-old male lambs. Corn straw replacement of sorghum silage in lamb feed reduced the average daily gain and weight of the ribs, besides promoting a quadratic influence on leg fat content. However, there was no influence on commercial carcass cuts, leg muscle index, leg tissue composition, and physico-chemical characteristics of the meat. Thus, corn straw can be used as alternative feedstuff for sheep rations to improve the production of high-quality sheep meat in semi-arid regions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320200395

Effect of the Addition of Porcelain Tile Polishing Residue in Ceramic Masses for Sanitary Ware
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Silva, Ricardo H. L.

; Neves, Gelmires A.

; Nóbrega, Ana C. V.

; Farias, Rosiane M. C.

; Rocha, Mônica F. B.

; Alves, Kleber G. B.

; Menezes, Romualdo R.

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Supl. 1 elocation e20230563

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Currently, there is a severe shortage of good-quality feldspar deposits. On the other hand, porcelain tile polishing residue has been widely recognized as an alternative raw material for the ceramic industry. Thus, this research evaluated the effect of the partial replacement of feldspar by the porcelain polishing residue (PPR) in formulations for sanitary stoneware. It was replaced from 2% to 20% of the total mass of feldspar by the residue. The raw materials were characterized by X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and particle size determination. Then, they were mixed in a wet ball mill, and the rheological properties of the suspensions were analyzed. Samples of the test were produced by slip casting and sintered at 1160 °C, 1180 °C, and 1200 °C. Rheological characteristics were not affected when up to 20% of feldspar was replaced by residue. Bodies with high amounts of PPR had flexural strength and water absorption values similar to those of bodies without PPR in formulations. Furthermore, apparent porosity values lower than the reference mass were obtained with the addition of 6% of the residue in the formulation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0563

EFEITO DA OROGRAFIA NAS CHUVAS POR MEIO DA ANÁLISE DE ÍNDICES CLIMÁTICOS NA REGIÃO DO PLANALTO OCIDENTAL PAULISTA
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Santos, B. C.

; Sanches, R. G.

; Neves, G. Z. F.

; Souza, P. H.

Mercator (Fortaleza)

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2023, Volume 22 elocation e22030

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Abstract The present research analyzed the effect of relief on the variability and extremes of rainfall in the central portion of the state of São Paulo, using 31 surface rainfall gauges. For this, it applied the methods of filling gaps (Regional Weighting), rainfall classification (Rain Anomaly Indexes) and precipitation indexes (Rclimdex). Through the methods used, it was verified that the pluviometric variability showed in the admitted parameters of normality with about 17% of the years, in the wet parameters about 18% of the years and in the dry parameters about 15% of the years of the historical series of 1979 -2017. In addition, it was found that among the thirty-eight years of the historical series, the year 1983 was the wettest and the year 2014 the driest. As these were two distinct representative years (wet and dry) of rainfall, it was noted through the rainfall indexes, they showed the strength of the orographic effect in the intensification of rainfall in volume and number of extreme days in the higher regions located in the southern portion of the study area. Therefore, due to the altitude that manifests itself associated with a sharp altimetric difference that establishes a high slope, which the central region of the state of São Paulo has, its morphological characteristics play an important role with the process of intensification of the rains, mainly in the years rainy.

Resumen Esta investigación analizó el efecto del relieve sobre la variabilidad y los extremos de las precipitaciones, en la parte central del estado de São Paulo, utilizando 31 estaciones pluviométricas de superficie. Para ello aplicó los métodos de llenado de vacíos, clasificación e índices de precipitación. A través de estas aplicaciones se verificó que la variabilidad de las precipitaciones de los años de la serie histórica 1979-2017 mostró normalidad en los parámetros aceptados en alrededor del 17%, en los parámetros húmedos alrededor del 18% y en los parámetros secos alrededor del 15%. Además, se encontró que entre los treinta y ocho años, el año 1983 fue excepcionalmente el más húmedo y el año 2014 fue el excepcionalmente más seco. Al tratarse de dos años distintos representativos (húmedo y seco) de precipitaciones, se observó la influencia del efecto orográfico en la intensificación de las precipitaciones en volumen y número de días extremos en las regiones más altas ubicadas en la porción sur del área de estudio. Por lo tanto, debido a la altitud que está asociada a un pronunciado desnivel altimétrico que establece una alta pendiente, que tiene la región central del estado de São Paulo, sus características morfológicas juegan un papel importante en el proceso de intensificación de las lluvias, especialmente en los años lluvioso.

Resumo A presente pesquisa analisou o efeito do relevo na variabilidade e nos extremos das chuvas, na porção central do estado de São Paulo, utilizando 31 postos pluviométricos de superfície. Para isso, aplicou os métodos de preenchimento de falhas (Ponderação Regional), classificação das chuvas (Índices de Anomalia de Chuva) e índices de precipitação (Rclimdex). Por meio dos métodos utilizados, verificou-se que a variabilidade pluviométrica mostrou nos parâmetros admitidos de normalidade com cerca de 17% dos anos, nos parâmetros úmidos cerca 18% dos anos e nos parâmetros secos cerca de 15% dos anos da série histórica de 1979-2017. Além disso, verificou-se que entre os trinta e oito anos da série histórica, que o ano de 1983 foi o mais chuvoso e ano de 2014 o mais seco. Por tratar-se de dois anos representativos distintos (úmido e seco) de pluviosidade, notou-se por meio dos índices de chuva, evidenciaram a força do efeito orográfico na intensificação das chuvas em volume e número de dias extremos nas regiões mais elevadas localizadas na porção meridional da área de estudo. Portanto, em razão da altitude que se manifesta associada a um acentuado desnível altimétrica que estabelece uma declividade elevada, que a região central do estado de São Paulo possuí, suas características morfológicas cumprem um papel importante com o processo de intensificação das chuvas, principalmente nos anos chuvosos.

https://doi.org/10.4215/rm2023.e22030

Simple and fast process using hydrochloric acid for producing synthetic zinc-rich stevensite
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Carvalho, T. C.

; Michel, B. B,

; Silva-Valenzuela, M. G.

; Hildebrando, E.

; Neves, R. F.

; Valenzuela-Diaz, F. R.

Cerâmica

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Set 2022, Volume 68 Nº 387 Páginas 285 - 293

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In the last decades, clays have been used in sectors such as health and cosmetics. This requires products that are increasingly pure and present homogeneous properties, hardly found in natural clays. The use of synthetic clays can be a solution. For this, it is necessary to explore techniques for their production. The main focus of this study was to synthesize a smectite clay in a simple, fast and economic way at low temperature and pressure, called static and dynamic methods. To regulate the pH of the reaction and bring it closer to the ideal synthesis conditions, two different acids were used: nitric acid (the most widely used in the literature) and hydrochloric acid (more accessible and cheaper). The results showed characteristics of uniform crystalline material with a porous structure similar to that of the smectite group. Small particle sizes of approximately 100 nm were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Stevensite clay was obtained by both synthesis methods using two different acids; the static method with hydrochloric acid stood out. The greater practicality in its development provides a more viable option for large-scale industrial production.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132022683873262

Alumina applied in bone regeneration: Porous α-alumina and transition alumina
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Silva, J. R. S.

; Santos, L. N. R. M.

; Farias, R. M. C.

; Sousa, B. V.

; Neves, G. A.

; Menezes, R. R.

Cerâmica

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Set 2022, Volume 68 Nº 387 Páginas 355 - 363

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Alumina is a polymorphic bioceramic that has been extensively investigated for application in bone regeneration. Dense α-alumina has been considered a suitable biomaterial for dental and orthopedic implants due to its superior mechanical properties. However, its use is limited due to its high inertia in a biological environment. Recent investigations have focused on its distinct phases and surface characteristics through the control of morphology, physical properties, and chemical composition to enhance bioactivity. This article presents a brief review of the developments in porous α-alumina and amorphous-γ-alumina transition. Most studies have shown that composites and alumina coated with bioactive materials, high surface area, and hydroxylated surface can significantly improve biological properties. Cellular responses such as fixation, growth, and proliferation, as well as biomineralization, are the main studies to validate improvements in bioactive properties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132022683873335

Ventilador mecânico invasivo de emergência resistente e de fácil manutenção
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Fonte, Paulo J. R.

; Martinho, Alberto

; Pereira, Américo

; Gomes, Andreia

; Neves, Ângela

; Abrunhosa, Antero

; Bugalho, António

; Gabriel-Santos, António

; Grilo, António

; Carmo, Carlos

; Maltez, Elsa

; Nascimento, João Agostinho do

; Goes, João

; Martins, João

; Oliveira, João Pedro

; Pimenta, Jorge

; Santos, José Paulo

; Gil, Luís C.

; Lopes, Luís

; Pimenta, Mário

; Moreira, Olga

; Cunha, Orlando

; Sousa, Pedro Pinheiro de

; Póvoa, Pedro

; Cavaco-Gonçalves, Sandra

; Barroso, Susana

; Santos, Telmo G.

Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva

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Jul 2022, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 351 - 359

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Desenvolver um ventilador mecânico invasivo simples, resistente, seguro e eficiente que possa ser utilizado em áreas remotas do mundo ou zonas de guerra, em que a utilidade prática de equipamentos mais sofisticados é limitada por questões de manutenção, disponibilidade de peças, transporte e/ou custo. Métodos: O dispositivo implementa o modo de ventilação mandatória contínua com pressão controlada, complementado por um simples modo assisto-controlado. Pode-se também utilizar a pressão positiva contínua nas vias aéreas. Ao se evitar o fluxo contínuo de oxigênio ou ar, minimiza-se o consumo de gases comprimidos. As taxas respiratórias e as relações de tempo de inspiração e expiração são determinadas eletronicamente. Além disso, conta com um alarme de apneia/falta de energia. Resultados: Os perfis de pressão foram medidos para uma série de condições, sendo considerados ajustáveis dentro de uma margem de erro de ± 2,5cmH2O, e foram considerados bem estáveis dentro dessa variação durante um período de 41 horas. Os parâmetros de tempo do ciclo respiratório foram precisos dentro de alguns pontos percentuais durante o mesmo período. O dispositivo foi testado quanto à durabilidade por um período equivalente a 4 meses. Os testes químicos e biológicos não conseguiram identificar qualquer contaminação do gás por compostos orgânicos voláteis ou micro-organismos. Em comparação com um ventilador bem estabelecido, o teste de ventilação em um animal de grande porte mostrou que este poderia ser ventilado adequadamente durante um período de 60 minutos, sem quaisquer efeitos negativos perceptíveis durante o período subsequente de 24 horas. Conclusão: Este projeto de ventilador pode ser viável após novos testes em animais e aprovação formal pelas autoridades competentes, para aplicação clínica nas circunstâncias atípicas anteriormente mencionadas.

ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a simple, robust, safe and efficient invasive mechanical ventilator that can be used in remote areas of the world or war zones where the practical utility of more sophisticated equipment is limited by considerations of maintainability, availability of parts, transportation and/or cost. Methods: The device implements the pressure-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation mode, complemented by a simple assist-control mode. Continuous positive airway pressure is also possible. The consumption of compressed gases is minimized by avoiding a continuous flow of oxygen or air. Respiratory rates and inspiration/expiration time ratios are electronically determined, and an apnea/power loss alarm is provided. Results: The pressure profiles were measured for a range of conditions and found to be adjustable within a ± 2.5cmH2O error margin and stable well within this range over a 41-hour period. Respiratory cycle timing parameters were precise within a few percentage points over the same period. The device was tested for durability for an equivalent period of four months. Chemical and biological tests failed to identify any contamination of the gas by volatile organic compounds or microorganisms. A ventilation test on a large animal, in comparison with a well established ventilator, showed that the animal could be adequately ventilated over a period of 60 minutes, without any noticeable negative aftereffects during the subsequent 24-hour period. Conclusion: This ventilator design may be viable, after further animal tests and formal approval by the competent authorities, for clinical application in the abovementioned atypical circumstances.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20220383-pt

10.

Manufacturing and characterization of sustainable macroporous glass foams
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Silva, S. K. F. da

; Costa, F. P. da

; Fernandes, J. V.

; Melo, J. B. da C. A. de

; Menezes, R. R.

; Neves, G. de A.

; Rodrigues, A. M.

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Jun 2022, Volume 68 Nº 386 Páginas 242 - 249

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work produced glass foams from soda-lime glass bottles, bentonite, and alumina by the replica method. Compositions with different contents of bentonite (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were prepared and heat-treated at 800 °C. In the alumina-added compositions, 50 wt% of the bentonite was replaced by the alumina. The influences of the content of bentonite (binder) and alumina addition were evaluated through the physical-mechanical properties. The results showed that the alumina did not promote a significant effect on physical and mechanical properties in most glass foams; the exception was the sample with 20 wt% bentonite+alumina, which presented better physical properties (lower linear shrinkage and density and greater porosity) when compared to its equivalent sample (without alumina). Foams with 5% of bentonite or bentonite+alumina showed higher linear shrinkage indexes and high densification. Samples with 15% of bentonite or bentonite+alumina showed the best combination of properties: higher porosity (79.2% and 80.2%), water absorption (58.8% and 59.7%), lower shrinkage index (25.5% and 29.4%), and good flexural strength (0.69 and 0.45 MPa).

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132022683863271

11.

Eating disorders are associated with adverse obstetric and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review
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das Neves, Maila de C.

; Teixeira, Ananda A.

; Garcia, Flávia M.

; Rennó, Joel

; da Silva, Antônio G.

; Cantilino, Amaury

; Rosa, Carlos E.

; Mendes-Ribeiro, Jeronimo de A.

; Rocha, Renan

; Lobo, Hewdy

; Gomes, Igor E.

; Ribeiro, Christiane C.

; Garcia, Frederico D.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Abr 2022, Volume 44 Nº 2 Páginas 201 - 214

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: To systematically review the literature focusing on obstetric and perinatal outcomes in women with previous or current eating disorders (EDs) and on the consequences of maternal EDs for the offspring. Methods: The study was performed following the systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. PubMed, SciELO, and Cochrane databases were searched for non-interventional studies published in English or Portuguese from January 1980 to December 2020. Risk of bias was assessed using the Methods guide for effectiveness and comparative effectiveness reviews (American Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality). Results: The search yielded 441 records, and 30 articles were included. The psychiatric outcome associated with EDs in women was mainly perinatal depression. The most prevalent obstetric outcomes observed in women with EDs were vomiting, hyperemesis, bleeding, and anemia. Most studies found maternal anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa to be associated with low birth weight and slow fetal growth. Women with binge EDs delivered children with increased birth weight. Of the 30 studies included, methodological quality was good in seven, fair in eight, and poor in 15 studies. Conclusion: A considerable body of evidence was reviewed to assess obstetric and perinatal outcomes in EDs. Acute and lifetime EDs, especially if severe, correlated with poor perinatal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes. Obstetricians and general practitioners should be vigilant and screen for EDs during pregnancy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1449

12.

PROPOSAL OF AN OPTIMAL REDUNDANCY AND RELIABILITY ALLOCATION APPROACH FOR DESIGNING COMPLEX SYSTEMS
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Garcia, P. A. A.

; Neves, T. A.

; Jacinto, C. M. C.

; Alvarez, G. B.

; Garcia, V. S.

; Motta, G. S.

Pesquisa Operacional

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2022, Volume 42 Nº spe1 elocation e263499

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Problems of optimal reliability and redundancy allocation are not new. However, the literature describes two isolated situations, either when redundancy allocation is the target and the reliability metrics of the components are known, or focusing on the reliability allocation, that demands the metrics to be known in advance and the use of some optimization approach. In the present paper, we consider a combined situation, i.e., when both situations must be considered together. To guide the allocation process, we developed a cost function that considers the costs of acquisition, development and/or improvement as a function of monetary effort, along with the reliability target and expected failure costs. The results considering two classical test problems in the literature demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed approach to deal with similar situations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-7438.2022.042nspe1.00263499

13.

Different strategies for estimating genetic parameters for collar rot resistance characteristics in Passiflora spp.
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Marostega, Thalita N.

; Preisigke, Sandra C.

; Chimello, Antônio M.

; Silva, Geovani C.

; Gilio, Thiago A.S.

; Araújo, Kelly L.

; Barelli, Marco A.A.

; Neves, Leonarda G.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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Set 2021, Volume 81 Nº 3 Páginas 281 - 290

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The use of several strategies for estimating genetic parameters in passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) segregating populations has important implications for understanding the nature of variances, especially the traits of resistance to collar rot. The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and predict gains with the selection of genotypes resistant to collar rot in a population of interspecific passion fruit hybrids. For the analysis of restricted maximum likelihood/ best linear unbiased prediction (REML/BLUP), 40 interspecific hybrids obtained by crossing resistant wild species with Passiflora edulis Sims genotypes were analyzed. The Comstock and Robinson Design II methodology used two male parents (P. nitida Kunth and P. quadrangularis L.) and two female parents of P. edulis. The evaluations took place for 33 d and 10 variables of resistance to collar rot were characterized. The expression of most variables was due to the genetic effect. Dominance effects predominated. High estimates of heritability based on clone average and selective accuracy were observed, which provides favorable gains in reducing the severity of collar rot by selecting the genotypes 115-5, 115-4, 115-7, 115-6, 115-3, 115-1, 128, 115-9, 115-4.

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14.

Effect of pH level and calcination on the production of calcium phosphates by acidic route of wet precipitation
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Neves, J. G.

; Navarro da Rocha, D.

; Lopes, C. C.

; Prado da Silva, M. H.

; Sinhoreti, M. A. C.

; Correr-Sobrinho, L.

; Fraga, M. A. A.

; Correr, A. B.

Cerâmica

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Jun 2021, Volume 67 Nº 382 Páginas 236 - 243

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Multiphasic calcium phosphate powders were synthesized by the acidic route, using lactic acid as a chelating agent that allows the production of a stable and rich solution of calcium and phosphate ions at room temperature. After pH adjusting, without varying the concentrations of precursor solution, XRD and FTIR analyses showed different CaP phases before and after heat treatment at 1000 °C. At pH 5, brushite plate-like particles were produced, while at higher pH levels (7 to 12) nano-hydroxyapatite particles were formed. After the calcination process, partial and total decomposition of hydroxyapatite in the β-TCP phase was explained by XRF analysis due to the calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite of synthesized samples at pH 7 and 10. This work presents an important method to synthesize any desired CaP phase compositions by varying the pH level and subsequently performing heat treatment, which has a direct effect on morphology, crystallinity, and formation of different CaP powders.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132021673822965 262 downloads

15.

Influence of creep feeder position on the behavior and performance of preweaning piglets and sows in a hot climate environment
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OLIVEIRA, EWERSON S.

; NASCIMENTO, ELAINE L.L.

; LIMA, HELLEN K.S.

; NEVES, JACQUELINE S.

; DAMASCENO, JAMILLY G.

; SILVA, JULIANA C.

; OLIVEIRA, NATÁLIA C.

; NASCIMENTO, PEDRO H.

; OLIVEIRA, RAFAEL A.

; ARAÚJO, VITOR O.

; VIEIRA, MARIA F.A.

; MONTEIRO, BRUNO M.

; SCHINCKEL, ALLAN P.

; GARBOSSA, CESAR A.P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 3 elocation e20200248

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The use of creep feeding for preweaning piglets is important to improve the performance of the piglets. The objective of this experiment was evaluate the effect of using or altering the position of piglet’s creep feeder during lactation on piglet’s performance and on behavior of piglets and sows kept in a hot climate environment. Forty-five sows and their litters at 10 days of lactation were randomly distributed into three treatments: front feeder (FF) - near the side of the sow’s head; back feeder (BF) - near the side of the rump of the sow; and no feeder (NF). All piglets were weighed individually to evaluate the average weight, weight gain and coefficient of variation of the weight. Behavior assessments of the piglets and sows were recorded in 3 period. At 15 and 21 d, piglets of the FF treatment were heavier (P ≤ 0.0001) than piglets of the other treatments. At 10-21d piglets of FF treatment had 76.2% less belly nosing behavior than the NF piglets (P=0.015). The treatments had no impact on behavior of the sows. The creep feeders positioned in the front of the farrowing crate increased piglet growth rate and decreased frequency of belly nosing behavior.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200248 368 downloads

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