RESUMO O objetivo desta revisão foi comparar dois modelos de agricultura sustentáveis, demostrando as vantagens e desvantagens de ambos, correlacionando-os entre si. As diversas práticas agrícolas contemporâneas compreendem modelos alternativos de agricultura, como permacultura, agricultura biológica, orgânica, biodinâmica, que são consideradas sustentáveis, e modelos intensivos de produção, que apresentam vários pontos negativos, contrastando com os modelos alternativos. A busca por uma agricultura menos agressiva ao meio ambiente, que permaneça produtiva em longo prazo, tem sido uma preocupação constante de pesquisadores e produtores. Os modelos de agricultura assemelham-se entre si, o que os difere são apenas algumas práticas que não são permitidas em todos, e suas bases de fundamentação. Nesta revisão dois modelos foram mais abordados de forma simplificada, para a percepção dos seus conceitos e de suas bases fundamentais, mostrando o que os diferencia, e que mesmo assim os leva para um mesmo objetivo, criar um ecossistema independente de recursos externos.

ABSTRACT The objective of this review was to compare two models of sustainable agriculture, demonstrating their advantages and disadvantages and correlating them with each other. The diverse contemporary agricultural practices comprise from alternative models of agriculture, such as permaculture, organic farming, organic, biodynamic, that are considered sustainable, and intensive production models, that present several negative points, contrasting with alternative models. The search for a less aggressive agriculture to the environment, what stay productive in the long run, it has been a constant concern of researchers and producers. Agricultural models are similar to each other, what differs are some practices that do not are allowed in all, and its foundation bases. In this review, two models were more approached in a simplified way, to the perception of their concepts and fundamental bases, showing what differentiates them, and that still leads to the same goal, creating an ecosystem independent of external resources.

ABSTRACT Since the World has been facing the COVID-19 pandemic, special attention has been taken concerning cancer patients; related to their immunosuppression status, adding risk for more aggressive COVID-19 and mortality, but also concerns about the access and the quality of care in cancer therapy. The COVID-19 pandemic impacts the number of infected, its related mortality, as well as the care of cancer patients. Multiple myeloma patients are a particular group with several important aspects to be considered during pandemic times. In essence, they are immunosuppressed in different intensities during their treatment. Most of them are elderly and all of them require long-term therapy, with prolonged contact with the health care system, possibly including a stem cell transplant during the treatment. A panel of experts in multiple myeloma and infectious diseases discusses pieces of evidence and the lack of the same in the scenario of COVID-19 in myeloma patients, while also exposing what is expected for the next phases of the COVID-19 pandemic.

O ambiente obesogênico estimula uma dieta inadequada, ao dificultar escolhas alimentares saudáveis. Este estudo transversal avaliou a associação entre o ambiente alimentar local e a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em uma amostra representativa da população de adolescentes residentes na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, usando modelos de regressão logística multinível. Entre os adolescentes, 29,6% apresentavam sobrepeso ou obesidade. Não houve diferenças significativas entre o ambiente alimentar e o status de peso dos adolescentes. Entretanto, a presença de restaurantes de fast food próximos ao domicílio aumentava a probabilidade de apresentarem sobrepeso ou obesidade (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,02-6,27). Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de intensificar as políticas de alimentação e nutrição, o desenvolvimento de habilidades culinárias e a redução nos preços dos alimentos para facilitar o acesso a eles, de maneira que os adolescentes disponham de opções saudáveis em locais para socializar com amigos e familiares.

The obesogenic environment stimulates an inadequate diet by hampering healthy choices. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between the local food environment and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a representative sample population of adolescents living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, using multilevel logistic regression models. Among the adolescents, 29.6% were overweight/obese. There were no significant differences between food environment and adolescents’ weight status. However, the presence of fast food restaurants near their home increased the chances of being overweight or obese (OR = 2.53; 95%CI: 1.02-6.27). Results suggest the need to intensify food and nutrition policies, development of culinary skills, and the reduction in prices of healthy foods to facilitate access to these foods, so that adolescents have options in locations to socialize with friends and family.

El ambiente obesogénico estimula una dieta inadecuada, al dificultar elecciones alimentarias saludables. Este estudio transversal evaluó la asociación entre el ambiente alimentario local y la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en una muestra representativa de la población de adolescentes residentes en la ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil, usando modelos de regresión logística multinivel. Entre los adolescentes, un 29,6% presentaban sobrepeso u obesidad. No hubo diferencias significativas entre el ambiente alimentario y el estado de peso de los adolescentes. No obstante, la presencia de restaurantes de fast food cercanos al domicilio aumentaba la probabilidad de presentar sobrepeso u obesidad (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,02-6,27). Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de intensificar las políticas de alimentación y nutrición, el desarrollo de habilidades culinarias y la reducción de los precios de los alimentos para facilitar el acceso a ellos, de forma que los adolescentes dispongan de opciones saludables en lugares para socializar con amigos y familiares.

O ambiente obesogênico estimula uma dieta inadequada, ao dificultar escolhas alimentares saudáveis. Este estudo transversal avaliou a associação entre o ambiente alimentar local e a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em uma amostra representativa da população de adolescentes residentes na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, usando modelos de regressão logística multinível. Entre os adolescentes, 29,6% apresentavam sobrepeso ou obesidade. Não houve diferenças significativas entre o ambiente alimentar e o status de peso dos adolescentes. Entretanto, a presença de restaurantes de fast food próximos ao domicílio aumentava a probabilidade de apresentarem sobrepeso ou obesidade (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,02-6,27). Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de intensificar as políticas de alimentação e nutrição, o desenvolvimento de habilidades culinárias e a redução nos preços dos alimentos para facilitar o acesso a eles, de maneira que os adolescentes disponham de opções saudáveis em locais para socializar com amigos e familiares.

The obesogenic environment stimulates an inadequate diet by hampering healthy choices. This cross-sectional study evaluated the association between the local food environment and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a representative sample population of adolescents living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, using multilevel logistic regression models. Among the adolescents, 29.6% were overweight/obese. There were no significant differences between food environment and adolescents’ weight status. However, the presence of fast food restaurants near their home increased the chances of being overweight or obese (OR = 2.53; 95%CI: 1.02-6.27). Results suggest the need to intensify food and nutrition policies, development of culinary skills, and the reduction in prices of healthy foods to facilitate access to these foods, so that adolescents have options in locations to socialize with friends and family.

El ambiente obesogénico estimula una dieta inadecuada, al dificultar elecciones alimentarias saludables. Este estudio transversal evaluó la asociación entre el ambiente alimentario local y la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en una muestra representativa de la población de adolescentes residentes en la ciudad de São Paulo, Brasil, usando modelos de regresión logística multinivel. Entre los adolescentes, un 29,6% presentaban sobrepeso u obesidad. No hubo diferencias significativas entre el ambiente alimentario y el estado de peso de los adolescentes. No obstante, la presencia de restaurantes de fast food cercanos al domicilio aumentaba la probabilidad de presentar sobrepeso u obesidad (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,02-6,27). Los resultados sugieren la necesidad de intensificar las políticas de alimentación y nutrición, el desarrollo de habilidades culinarias y la reducción de los precios de los alimentos para facilitar el acceso a ellos, de forma que los adolescentes dispongan de opciones saludables en lugares para socializar con amigos y familiares.

Abstract Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) can cause damage to several physiological systems. Objectives: To compare and characterize the effects of aerobic exercise training (ET) performed by swimming with those of ET performed on a treadmill on the skeletal muscle and heart of rats with DM1. Methods: 41 male Wistar rats were randomized into four groups: nondiabetic control (CTR), diabetic control (DMC), diabetic trained on the treadmill (DMT), and diabetic trained by swimming (DMS). The trained groups performed aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks, 5 times a week, 60 min per day. Exercise tolerance, blood glucose, body weight, wet weight of the skeletal muscles and left ventricle (LV), muscle glycogen, cross-sectional area of skeletal muscles, and cross-sectional diameter and collagen volume fraction of the LV were evaluated. Results: The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation of the mean and submitted to two-way ANOVA with post-hoc Bonferroni test. Aerobic ET protocols applied to animals with DM1, regardless of the ergometer, showed satisfactory results (p < 0.05) when compared to the control groups: improved exercise tolerance, increased glycogen content of the soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles and increased cross-sectional diameter of the left ventricular cardiomyocytes. In some variables, such as exercise tolerance and cross-sectional area of the soleus and EDL muscles, DMT showed better results than DMS (p < 0.05). On the other hand, DMS showed increased cross-sectional diameter of cardiomyocytes when compared with the DMT group. Conclusion: Both aerobic ET protocols offered benefits to animals with diabetes; however, due to the specific characteristics of each modality, different physiological adaptations were observed between the trained groups.

ABSTRACT Objectives The increase in HIV transmissibility in non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infection is already well-established. It is estimated that symptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis have a relative risk of 4.8-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively, for the sexual acquisition of HIV. This type of evaluation for asymptomatic urethritis is necessary to reinforce strategies to combat HIV transmission. This study aims to assess the prevalence of patients with asymptomatic urethritis among men diagnosed with HIV-1 and determine the risk factors associated with this infection. Methods We enrolled a total of 115 male patients aged 18 years or older who have been diagnosed with HIV infection and have no symptoms of urethritis or other sexually transmitted infections and who have been evaluated between May and August 2015 in a follow-up visit at the Immunology Outpatient Clinic of a Brazilian University Hospital. Results Four asymptomatic patients were positive for C. trachomatis and were considered asymptomatic carriers of urethritis. Prevalence was 3.47%. Patients who were positive for C. trachomatis urethritis had a lower mean age (p = 0.015). Conclusion The presence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection is a challenge in clinical practice. We recommend that, in outpatient practice, the habit of inquiring on previous sexual behavior to obtain more information about risks and associations with asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection, a routine physical examination and complementary tests to detect STI pathogens should be performed to discard these conditions. The development of rapid tests for this purpose should also be encouraged.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi validar a autorreferência de colesterol elevado em residentes de São Paulo, Brasil, e verificar os fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. Foram utilizados dados do Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo de 2015, estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra probabilística de residentes do município. Foram incluídos 886 indivíduos com informações do questionário estruturado, dosagem de colesterol total e frações ou que referiram tratamento farmacológico do colesterol elevado. A validade da informação autorreferida de colesterol elevado foi determinada por meio da sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) e kappa, considerando as dosagens de colesterol total e LDL-c e o tratamento farmacológico como padrão-ouro. Modelos de regressão logística foram realizados a fim de investigar os fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. A sensibilidade da informação de colesterol elevado tendo em conta o colesterol total como referência foi de 50,6%, a especificidade de 90,19%, VPP de 51,64%, VPN de 89,82% e kappa de 0,41. Considerando o LDL-c como padrão-ouro, a sensibilidade foi 53,52%, a especificidade 89,93%, o VPP 49,22%, o VPN 91,39% e kappa 0,43. Utilizando a dosagem de colesterol total como referência, a idade (OR = 1,69; IC95%: 1,24-2,29) e o plano de saúde (OR = 2,91; IC95%: 1,06-7,99) se associaram à sensibilidade dessa informação. Considerando a dosagem de LDL-c como padrão-ouro, a idade (OR = 1,71; IC95%: 1,13-2,57), o tabagismo (OR = 3,33; IC95%: 1,08-10,27) e o plano de saúde (OR = 3,64; IC95%: 1,10-12,08) foram associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. Os resultados indicam baixa sensibilidade e VPP da autorreferência do colesterol elevado em residentes de São Paulo.

The study aimed to validate self-report of high cholesterol in São Paulo, Brazil, and verify factors associated with this information’s sensitivity. Data were used from the Health Survey of the City of São Paulo 2015, a cross-sectional population-based study with a probabilistic sample of the city’s residents. The sample included 886 individuals with information from the structured questionnaire, blood measurements of total cholesterol and fractions or who reported being on medication for high cholesterol. The validity of self-reported information on high cholesterol was measured according to sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and kappa index, considering total cholesterol and LDL-c and pharmacological treatment as the gold standard. Logistic regression models were developed to investigate factors associated with the sensitivity of this information. The sensitivity of information on high cholesterol using total cholesterol as the reference was 50.6%, specificity 90.19%, PPV 51.64%, NPV 89.82%, and kappa 0.41. Taking LDL-c as the gold standard, sensitivity was 53.52%, specificity 89.93%, PPV 49.22%, NPV 91.39%, and kappa 0.43. Using total cholesterol as the reference, age (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.24-2.29) and having a private health plan (OR = 2.91; 95%CI: 1.06-7.99) were associated with the information’s sensitivity. With LDL-c as the gold standard, age (OR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.13-2.57), smoking (OR = 3.33; 95%CI: 1.08-10.27), and having a private health plan (OR = 3.64; 95%CI: 1.10-12.08) were associated with the information’s sensitivity. The results suggest low sensitivity and low PPV of self-reported high cholesterol in residents of São Paulo.

El objetivo de este estudio fue validar el autoinforme de colesterol elevado en residentes de São Paulo, Brasil, y verificar los factores asociados a la sensibilidad de esta información. Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta de Salud de São Paulo 2015, estudio transversal de base poblacional con una muestra probabilística de residentes del municipio. Se incluyeron 886 individuos con información del cuestionario estructurado, cantidad de colesterol total y fracciones o que informaron de un tratamiento farmacológico por colesterol elevado. La validez de la información autoinformada de colesterol elevado fue determinada por medio de la sensibilidad, especificidad, valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN) y kappa, considerando las cantidades de colesterol total y LDL-c y el tratamiento farmacológico como parámetro de referencia. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística, a fin de investigar los factores asociados a la sensibilidad de esa información. La sensibilidad de la información de colesterol elevado, teniendo en cuenta el colesterol total como referencia, fue de un 50,6%, la especificidad de 90,19%, VPP de 51,64%, VPN de 89,82% y kappa de 0,41. Considerando el LDL-c como parámetro de referencia, la sensibilidad fue 53,52%, la especificidad 89,93%, el VPP 49,22%, el VPN 91,39% y kappa 0,43. Utilizando la cantidad de colesterol total como referencia, la edad (OR = 1,69; IC95%: 1,24-2,29) y el plan de salud (OR = 2,91; IC95%: 1,06-7,99) se asociaron a la sensibilidad de esa información. Considerando la cantidad de LDL-c como parámetro de referencia, la edad (OR = 1,71; IC95%: 1,13-2,57), el tabaquismo (OR = 3,33; IC95%: 1,08-10,27) y el plan de salud (OR = 3,64; IC95%: 1,10-12,08) se asociaron a la sensibilidad de esa información. Los resultados indican baja sensibilidad y VPP del autoinforme de colesterol elevado en residentes de São Paulo.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi validar a autorreferência de colesterol elevado em residentes de São Paulo, Brasil, e verificar os fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. Foram utilizados dados do Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo de 2015, estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra probabilística de residentes do município. Foram incluídos 886 indivíduos com informações do questionário estruturado, dosagem de colesterol total e frações ou que referiram tratamento farmacológico do colesterol elevado. A validade da informação autorreferida de colesterol elevado foi determinada por meio da sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) e kappa, considerando as dosagens de colesterol total e LDL-c e o tratamento farmacológico como padrão-ouro. Modelos de regressão logística foram realizados a fim de investigar os fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. A sensibilidade da informação de colesterol elevado tendo em conta o colesterol total como referência foi de 50,6%, a especificidade de 90,19%, VPP de 51,64%, VPN de 89,82% e kappa de 0,41. Considerando o LDL-c como padrão-ouro, a sensibilidade foi 53,52%, a especificidade 89,93%, o VPP 49,22%, o VPN 91,39% e kappa 0,43. Utilizando a dosagem de colesterol total como referência, a idade (OR = 1,69; IC95%: 1,24-2,29) e o plano de saúde (OR = 2,91; IC95%: 1,06-7,99) se associaram à sensibilidade dessa informação. Considerando a dosagem de LDL-c como padrão-ouro, a idade (OR = 1,71; IC95%: 1,13-2,57), o tabagismo (OR = 3,33; IC95%: 1,08-10,27) e o plano de saúde (OR = 3,64; IC95%: 1,10-12,08) foram associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. Os resultados indicam baixa sensibilidade e VPP da autorreferência do colesterol elevado em residentes de São Paulo.

The study aimed to validate self-report of high cholesterol in São Paulo, Brazil, and verify factors associated with this information’s sensitivity. Data were used from the Health Survey of the City of São Paulo 2015, a cross-sectional population-based study with a probabilistic sample of the city’s residents. The sample included 886 individuals with information from the structured questionnaire, blood measurements of total cholesterol and fractions or who reported being on medication for high cholesterol. The validity of self-reported information on high cholesterol was measured according to sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and kappa index, considering total cholesterol and LDL-c and pharmacological treatment as the gold standard. Logistic regression models were developed to investigate factors associated with the sensitivity of this information. The sensitivity of information on high cholesterol using total cholesterol as the reference was 50.6%, specificity 90.19%, PPV 51.64%, NPV 89.82%, and kappa 0.41. Taking LDL-c as the gold standard, sensitivity was 53.52%, specificity 89.93%, PPV 49.22%, NPV 91.39%, and kappa 0.43. Using total cholesterol as the reference, age (OR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.24-2.29) and having a private health plan (OR = 2.91; 95%CI: 1.06-7.99) were associated with the information’s sensitivity. With LDL-c as the gold standard, age (OR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.13-2.57), smoking (OR = 3.33; 95%CI: 1.08-10.27), and having a private health plan (OR = 3.64; 95%CI: 1.10-12.08) were associated with the information’s sensitivity. The results suggest low sensitivity and low PPV of self-reported high cholesterol in residents of São Paulo.

El objetivo de este estudio fue validar el autoinforme de colesterol elevado en residentes de São Paulo, Brasil, y verificar los factores asociados a la sensibilidad de esta información. Se utilizaron datos de la Encuesta de Salud de São Paulo 2015, estudio transversal de base poblacional con una muestra probabilística de residentes del municipio. Se incluyeron 886 individuos con información del cuestionario estructurado, cantidad de colesterol total y fracciones o que informaron de un tratamiento farmacológico por colesterol elevado. La validez de la información autoinformada de colesterol elevado fue determinada por medio de la sensibilidad, especificidad, valores predictivos positivo (VPP) y negativo (VPN) y kappa, considerando las cantidades de colesterol total y LDL-c y el tratamiento farmacológico como parámetro de referencia. Se realizaron modelos de regresión logística, a fin de investigar los factores asociados a la sensibilidad de esa información. La sensibilidad de la información de colesterol elevado, teniendo en cuenta el colesterol total como referencia, fue de un 50,6%, la especificidad de 90,19%, VPP de 51,64%, VPN de 89,82% y kappa de 0,41. Considerando el LDL-c como parámetro de referencia, la sensibilidad fue 53,52%, la especificidad 89,93%, el VPP 49,22%, el VPN 91,39% y kappa 0,43. Utilizando la cantidad de colesterol total como referencia, la edad (OR = 1,69; IC95%: 1,24-2,29) y el plan de salud (OR = 2,91; IC95%: 1,06-7,99) se asociaron a la sensibilidad de esa información. Considerando la cantidad de LDL-c como parámetro de referencia, la edad (OR = 1,71; IC95%: 1,13-2,57), el tabaquismo (OR = 3,33; IC95%: 1,08-10,27) y el plan de salud (OR = 3,64; IC95%: 1,10-12,08) se asociaron a la sensibilidad de esa información. Los resultados indican baja sensibilidad y VPP del autoinforme de colesterol elevado en residentes de São Paulo.

ABSTRACT A prevalence of 3.47% of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis has been previously reported among males living with HIV infection in Brazil. This study aims to assess the recurrence of C. trachomatis urethritis three years later in the same cohort of patients and analyze associated risk factors. A total of 115 male patients diagnosed with HIV infection, with no symptoms of urethritis and observed since May of 2015 in followup visits were enrolled. They had urine samplers tested by PCR for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae between February and March 2018. Results: Three of the four patients who had asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis three years before were recurrently positive for C. trachomatis urethritis. Two new patients were diagnosed as positives, accounting for a total asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis prevalence of 4.34%. The prevalence during the whole study was 5.21%. The relative risk for a new urethritis episode among those previously diagnosed with urethritis is RR=41.62 (95% CI: 9.42-183.84), p < 0.01. Patients who presented asymptomatic urethritis anytime and who were recurrently positive for C. trachomatis had a lower mean age (p<0.01). Married individuals were protected regarding asymptomatic urethritis [p<0.01, OR = 0.04 (0.005-0.4)] and had lower risk to develop recurrence [p<0.01, RR = 0.86 (0.74-0.99)]. Illicit drugs users had risk associated to asymptomatic urethritis [p=0.02, OR= 5.9 (1.03-34)] and higher risk to develop recurrence [p<0.01, RR=1.1 (1-1.22)]. Conclusion: The recurrence of asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis after treatment among males living with HIV infection in Brazil can be considered high and should not be neglected.

Resumo O propósito neste estudo foi avaliar os ciclos de polimerização convencional e por fervura sobre o brilho, rugosidade, dureza e resistência ao impacto de resinas acrílicas. Amostras foram confeccionadas para cada resina Clássico ou QC-20 (n=20) em moldes de gesso obtidos de matrizes metálicas retangulares incluídas em muflas metálicas. A proporção monômero/polímero das resinas e manipulação foram de acordo com as recomendações dos fabricantes e a massa convencionalmente incluída em muflas metálicas. Após polimerização nos ciclos (1) convencional: 74 °C por 9 horas (Clássico) e (2) fervura: 20 min (QC-20), as amostras foram demufladas após esfriadas em temperatura ambiente e convencionalmente acabadas e polidas. As propriedades foram avaliadas após armazenagem das amostras em água a 37 °C por 24 h. O brilho foi verificado com medidor Multi Gloss 268 (Konica Minolta), a rugosidade avaliada com rugosímetro Surfcorder SE 1700 (Kosaka), a dureza Knoop foi obtida com microdurômetro HMV-200 (Shimadzu) e a resistência ao impacto determinada pelo sistema Charpy (Otto Wolpert Werke). Os dados submetidos ao teste t de Student (α=0.05) mostraram que Os resultados foram: brilho: 67,7 e 62,2 para Clássico e QC-20, respectivamente; rugosidade: 0,874 e 1,469 Ra-µm para Clássico e QC-20, respectivamente; dureza: 27,4 e 26,9 para Clássico e QC-20, respectivamente; e resistência ao impacto: 37,6 e 33,6 kgf/cm2 para Clássico e QC-20, respectivamente. Não houve diference estatisticamente significante entre as resinas para as propriedades avaliadas. Conclui-se que os ciclos de polimerização convencional e por fervura promoveram similares efeitos sobre o brilho, rugosidade, dureza e resistência ao impacto para ambas as resinas Clássico e QC-20.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the conventional and boiled polymerization cycles on gloss, roughness, hardness and impact strength of acrylic resins. Samples were made for each Classico and QC-20 materials (n=10) in dental stone molds obtained from rectangular metallic matrices embedded in metallic flasks. The powder-liquid ratio and manipulation of the acrylic resins' were accomplished according to manufacturers' instructions and the resins were conventionally packed in metallic flasks. After polymerization by (1) conventional: 74 °C for 9 h (Classico) and (2) boiled: 20 min (QC-20) cycles, the samples were deflasked after cooling at room temperature and conventionally finished and polished. The properties were evaluated after storage in water at 37 °C for 24 h. Gloss was verified with Multi Gloss 268 meter (Konica Minolta), surface roughness was measured with Surfcorder SE 1700 rugosimeter (Kosaka), Knoop hardness number was obtained with HMV-200 microdurometer, and impact strength was measured in an Otto Wolpert-Werke device by Charpy system (40 kpcm). Data were subjected to Student's t-test (at α=0.05). The results were: Gloss: 67.7 and 62.2 for Classico and QC-20 resins, respectively; Surface roughness: 0.874 and 1.469 Ra-µm for Classico and QC-20, respectively; Knoop hardness: 27.4 and 26.9 for Classico and QC-20, respectively; and Impact strength: 37.6 and 33.6 kgf/cm2 for Classico and QC-20, respectively. No statistically significant difference (p>0.05)were found between the resins for the evaluated properties. In conclusion, conventional and boiled polymerization cycles had similar effects on gloss, roughness, hardness and impact strength of both Classico and QC-20 resins.

Resumo Introdução A qualidade das próteses totais pode ser influenciada pelo método de confecção. Objetivo Avaliar a influência de diferentes métodos de confecção de próteses totais na adaptação e movimentação de dentes. Material e método A confecção das próteses foi dividida em dois grupos (n=10) para arcadas superior e inferior de acordo com o método: 1) convencional de uma etapa - realizada uma base de prova em cera onde foram montados os dentes e levada para a termopolimerização; 2) Método de duas etapas - a base foi encerada e termopolimerizada. Com a base da prótese polimerizada, os dentes foram montados e em seguida realizou a polimerização da outra porção. Para movimentação de dentes foram avaliadas as distâncias entre incisivos (I-I), pré-molares (PM-PM), molares (M-M), incisivo esquerdo a molar esquerdo (IE-ME) e incisivo direito a molar direito (ID-MD) antes e após polimerização final. As próteses foram seccionadas em três posições para análise de adaptação: (A) face distal de caninos, (B) face mesial de primeiros molares, e (C) face distal de segundos molares. Resultado As bases das próteses demonstraram melhor adaptação quando polimerizadas no processo de uma etapa, tanto superiores (p<0,05) quanto inferiores (p<0,05), com a região A apresentando melhor adaptação que a região C. Na arcada superior uma redução na distância entre I-I foi observada na técnica de uma etapa, enquanto que na técnica de duas etapas houve redução na distância ID-MD. Na arcada inferior, na técnica de uma etapa houve redução na distância ID-MD e houve redução significativa na distância IE-M pelo método de duas etapas. Conclusão O método de uma etapa apresentou melhores resultados para a adaptação da prótese. Ambos os métodos de confecção apresentaram alteração na movimentação de dentes.

Abstract Introduction The quality of complete dentures might be influenced by the method of confection. Objective To evaluate the influence of two different methods of processing muco-supported complete dentures on their adaptation and teeth movements. Material and method Denture confection was assigned in two groups (n=10) for upper and lower arches according to polymerization method: 1) conventional one-stage - a wax trial base was made, teeth were arranged and polymerized; 2) two-stage method - the base was waxed and first polymerized. With the denture base polymerized, the teeth were arranged and then, performed the final polymerization. Teeth movements were evaluated in the distances between incisive (I-I), pre-molars (P-P), molars (M-M), left incisor to left molar (LI-LM) and right incisor to right molar (RI-RM). For the adaptation analysis, dentures were cut in three different positions: (A) distal face of canines, (B) mesial face of the first molars, and (C) distal face of second molars. Result Denture bases have shown a significant better adaptation when polymerized in the one-stage procedure for both the upper (p=0.000) and the lower (p=0.000) arches, with region A presenting significant better adaptation than region C. In the upper arch, significant reduction in the distance between I-I was observed in the one-stage technique, while the two-stage technique promoted significant reduction in the RI-RM distance. In the lower arch, one-stage technique promoted significant reduction in the distance for RI-RM and two-stage promoted significant reduction in the LI-LM distance. Conclusion Conventional one-stage method presented the better results for denture adaptation. Both fabrication methods presented some alteration in teeth movements.

OBJECTIVES: Measurements of the joint angles of the shoulder complex are important for diagnosis, assessment and monitoring of the treatment progression of movement disorders, provided that they can be seen as valid and reliable. The object of this study was to determine inter- and intra-rater reliability of manual goniometry and computerized biophotogrammetry for the assessment of range of motion of the medial and lateral rotations of the shoulder. METHODS: Four evaluators (two for goniometry and two for biophotogrammetry) assessed 11 males, 16 - 26 years old, right-handed and with no shoulder anomalies. A universal plastic goniometer was used for the goniometry assessment. The biophotogrammetry assessment involved the use of a digital camera Sony DSC-W1 (5.1Mp), with non-reflective markers placed on the subjects. Photographic frames were analyzed the though the SAPO software (version 0.67). Each evaluator was blinded to data from all other valuators; inter-rater datas were compared. Seven days after the first assessment, all measurements were repeated in order to complete the intra-rater comparison. The Wilcoxon test was used to check statistical significance, the Spearman correlation was calculated and inter-class correlations coefficients were determined. RESULTS: Inter-class correlations for inter- and intra-rater goniometry results were 0.897 and 0.830 respectively; the corresponding biophotogrammetric values were 0.982 and 0.954, all representing excellent reliability levels. CONCLUSION: Goniometry and biophotogrammetry are reliable methods for assessment of shoulder rotation; however, biophotogrammetry has been shown to be more reliable.

RESUMO Descrever a elaboração de uma estratégia educativa com potencial de criar um espaço de diálogo entre adolescentes, profissionais da saúde e educadores. O trabalho foi realizado em quatro escolas públicas do município de Belo Horizonte (MG), Participaram 67 alunos matriculados no oitavo ano do Ensino Fundamental, quatro professores e 6 profissionais de saúde de unidades básicas próximas às escolas. Na primeira etapa, os alunos responderam a um questionário semiestruturado e, a seguir, participaram de oficinas psicossociais. O estudo chama atenção para a potencialidade das estratégias educativas pautadas no diálogo, no vínculo, na escuta e no acolhimento, para que os adolescentes encontrem espaços de conversação que possibilitem a construção do conhecimento sobre sua saúde sexual, afetiva e reprodutiva, garantindo, assim, que eles possam exercer a sexualidade de maneira mais segura, responsável e consciente.

ABSTRACT To describe the elaboration of an educational strategy that has the potential to reconstruct a space for dialogue among adolescents, health professionals and educators. The study was conducted in four public schools in the city of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Participants were 67 students enrolled in the 8th year of elementary school, 4 teachers and 6 health professionals of Health Centers close to the schools. Firstly, the students answered a semi-structured questionnaire and then they took part in psychosocial workshops. The study draws attention to the potentiality of educational strategies based on dialogue, on the bond, on listening to and the reception. Therefore, teenagers will be able to find conversational spaces that allow the construction of knowledge about sexual, emotional and reproductive health that can ensure they may have a more safely, responsibly and consciously sexuality.

ABSTRACT To describe the elaboration of an educational strategy that has the potential to reconstruct a space for dialogue among adolescents, health professionals and educators. The study was conducted in four public schools in the city of Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil. Participants were 67 students enrolled in the 8th year of elementary school, 4 teachers and 6 health professionals of Health Centers close to the schools. Firstly, the students answered a semi-structured questionnaire and then they took part in psychosocial workshops. The study draws attention to the potentiality of educational strategies based on dialogue, on the bond, on listening to and the reception. Therefore, teenagers will be able to find conversational spaces that allow the construction of knowledge about sexual, emotional and reproductive health that can ensure they may have a more safely, responsibly and consciously sexuality.

RESUMO Descrever a elaboração de uma estratégia educativa com potencial de criar um espaço de diálogo entre adolescentes, profissionais da saúde e educadores. O trabalho foi realizado em quatro escolas públicas do município de Belo Horizonte (MG), Participaram 67 alunos matriculados no oitavo ano do Ensino Fundamental, quatro professores e 6 profissionais de saúde de unidades básicas próximas às escolas. Na primeira etapa, os alunos responderam a um questionário semiestruturado e, a seguir, participaram de oficinas psicossociais. O estudo chama atenção para a potencialidade das estratégias educativas pautadas no diálogo, no vínculo, na escuta e no acolhimento, para que os adolescentes encontrem espaços de conversação que possibilitem a construção do conhecimento sobre sua saúde sexual, afetiva e reprodutiva, garantindo, assim, que eles possam exercer a sexualidade de maneira mais segura, responsável e consciente.