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ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Data de publicação: 2022-10-11

Resumo: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

Leaf extract of Coffea arabica L. reduces lipid peroxidation and has anti-platelet effect in a rat dyslipidemia model
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Simões, Mario Henrique Souza

; Salles, Bruno Cesar Correa

; Duarte, Stella Maris da Silveira

; Silva, Marcelo Aparecido da

; Viana, André Luiz Machado

; Moraes, Gabriel de Oliveira Isaac de

; Figueiredo, Sonia Aparecida

; Ferreira, Eric Batista

; Rodrigues, Maria Rita

; Paula, Fernanda Borges de Araújo

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e19562

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of the Coffea arabica Lineu (L.) leaf extract and its effects on platelet aggregation of dyslipidemic rats. The extract was obtained by the percolation of C. arabica L. leaves in hydroethanolic solution 70% (v/v). The mass spectrometry FIA-ESI-MS² suggested the presence of chlorogenic acid, rutin acid, and quinic acid. The DPPH• radicals scavenging capacity was demonstrated (IC50 = 0.06 mg/mL). The extract was administered to rats by gavage (300 mg/kg/day) for 56 days. Dyslipidemia was induced by administering Triton WR-1339 (300 mg/kg body weight) on the 54th day. On day 56, blood was collected by puncturing the abdominal aorta artery and the aortic artery was removed. Lipid profile, markers of renal and hepatic injury, lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation tests were carried out. The ingestion of extract reduced the lipid peroxidation (aorta and plasma) and platelet aggregation in dyslipidemic rats. The extract did not affect markers of renal and hepatic function as analyzed in this study, suggesting neither impaired liver nor kidney function in these animals. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the extract of leaves of C. arabica L. show antioxidant potential in vitro and in vivo as well as anti-platelet aggregation in dyslipidemic animals.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e19562

Human-SARS-CoV-2 interactome and human genetic diversity: TMPRSS2-rs2070788, associated with severe influenza, and its population genetics caveats in Native Americans
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Kehdy, Fernanda S.G.

; Pita-Oliveira, Murilo

; Scudeler, Mariana M.

; Torres-Loureiro, Sabrina

; Zolini, Camila

; Moreira, Rennan

; Michelin, Lucas A.

; Alvim, Isabela

; Silva-Carvalho, Carolina

; Furlan, Vinicius C.

; Aquino, Marla M.

; Santolalla, Meddly L.

; Borda, Victor

; Soares-Souza, Giordano B.

; Jaramillo-Valverde, Luis

; Vasquez-Dominguez, Andres

; Neira, Cesar Sanchez

; Aguiar, Renato S.

; Verdugo, Ricardo A.

; O`Connor, Timothy D.

; Guio, Heinner

; Tarazona-Santos, Eduardo

; Leal, Thiago P.

; Rodrigues-Soares, Fernanda

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 1 elocation e20200484

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract For human/SARS-CoV-2 interactome genes ACE2, TMPRSS2 and BSG, there is a convincing evidence of association in Asians with influenza-induced SARS for TMPRSS2-rs2070788, tag-SNP of the eQTL rs383510. This case illustrates the importance of population genetics and of sequencing data in the design of genetic association studies in different human populations: the high linkage disequilibrium (LD) between rs2070788 and rs383510 is Asian-specific. Leveraging on a combination of genotyping and sequencing data for Native Americans (neglected in genetic studies), we show that while their frequencies of the Asian tag-SNP rs2070788 is, surprisingly, the highest worldwide, it is not in LD with the eQTL rs383510, that therefore, should be directly genotyped in genetic association studies of SARS in populations with Native American ancestry.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0484 193 downloads

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: associated factors and noninvasive fibrosis staging in a single Brazilian center
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Taranto, Daniela Oliveira de Lima

; Guimarães, Thais Cristine Moura

; Couto, Claudia A.

; Cândido, Ana Lúcia

; Azevedo, Rosana Correa Silva

; Mattos, Fernanda Souza

; Elias, Maria Luiza Cândido

; Reis, Fernando M.

; Rocha, Ana Luiza L.

; Faria, Luciana C.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Jun 2020, Volume 64 Nº 3 Páginas 235 - 242

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a recognized risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with NAFLD in women with PCOS and evaluate noninvasive indices of hepatic fibrosis in patients with PCOS and NAFLD. Subjects and methods Patients with PCOS (n = 87) and women without PCOS (n = 40; controls) were included. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography after exclusion of alcohol consumption and viral or autoimmune liver disease. Anthropometric, clinical and metabolic variables, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, lipid accumulation product (LAP), FIB-4 index, NAFLD score, and transient elastography (TE; FibroScan) were obtained in subsets of patients with PCOS and NAFLD. Results A total of 87 patients with PCOS were included (mean age: 34.4 ± 5.7 years, mean body mass index [BMI]: 34.7 ± 4.7 kg/m 2 ). NAFLD was present in 67 (77.0%) patients with PCOS versus 21 of 40 (52.5%) controls (p = 0.005). Women with PCOS and liver steatosis, compared with their NAFLD-free counterparts, had higher values of BMI, waist circumference, triglycerides, total cholesterol, alanine and aspartate aminotransferases, and γ-glutamyltransferase, along with higher frequencies of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. NAFLD was independently associated with waist circumference, serum triglycerides, and alanine aminotransferase levels. The FIB-4 index was not compatible with advanced fibrosis in any of the evaluated patients, while NAFLD score and TE were compatible with advanced liver fibrosis in 1 of 26 (3.8%) and 3 of 25 (12%) patients, respectively. Conclusion Women with PCOS had a high risk of NAFLD, and a combination of both was associated with central obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome. Noninvasive methods suggested low rates of severe hepatic fibrosis in Brazilian women with PCOS. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2020;64(3):235-42

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000242 1042 downloads

Performance of Avocado Seed Activated Carbon as Adsorbent for Highly Sensitive Determination of Cd Using a Flow Injection System Online Coupled to TS-FF-AAS
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Kudo, Marianne V. F.

; Oliveira, Leandro L. G. de

; Suquila, Fabio A. C.

; Almeida, Fernanda G. de

; Segatelli, Mariana G.

; Lima, Éder C.

; Dias, Silvio L. P.

; Tarley, César R. T.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2020, Volume 31 Nº 1 Páginas 100 - 108

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A flow-injection preconcentration system using detection by the thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FIA-TS-FF-AAS) is proposed. Cd2+ are adsorbed on avocado seed activated carbon (ASAC) packed into a cylindrical mini-column and eluted using HCl solutions for the detection system. A 25–1 fractional factorial and Doehlert matrix design were employed to determine the optimum conditions for cadmium preconcentration (pH 7.68, buffer concentration (Tris/Tris-HCl) of 0.023 mol L-1, eluent concentration (HCl) of 2.0 mol L-1, the adsorbent mass of 100.0 mg and preconcentration flow rate of 4.8 mL min-1). The preconcentration method presents linearity within the range of 0.41-15.00 µg L-1, limits of quantification and detection of 0.41 and 0.12 µg L-1, respectively, preconcentration factor of 10.7, consumption of index of 0.93 mL and sample throughput of 26 h-1. The precision assessed as the relative standard deviation (RSD) were found to be 0.48, 0.90 and 2.30% for inter-day precision (n = 2), and 0.30, 0.44 and 2.48% for intra-day precision (n = 6) for respective cadmium concentration of 0.50, 5.00 and 15.00 µg L-1. The proposed method was applied satisfactorily in samples of cigarette (62.84 ± 11.28 µg kg-1), human hair (69.61 ± 2.38 µg kg-1) and water samples [lake (0.65 ± 0.01 µg L-1), tap and mineral].

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190132 486 downloads

Draft genome sequence of Wickerhamomyces anomalus LBCM1105, isolated from cachaça fermentation
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Cunha, Aureliano C.

; Santos, Renato A. Corrêa dos

; Riaño-Pachon, Diego M.

; Squina, Fábio M.

; Oliveira, Juliana V. C.

; Goldman, Gustavo H.

; Souza, Aline T.

; Gomes, Lorena S.

; Godoy-Santos, Fernanda

; Teixeira, Janaina A.

; Faria-Oliveira, Fábio

; Rosse, Izinara C.

; Castro, Ieso M.

; Lucas, Cândida

; Brandão, Rogelio L.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2020, Volume 43 Nº 3 elocation e20190122

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Wickerhamomyces anomalus LBCM1105 is a yeast isolated from cachaça distillery fermentation vats, notable for exceptional glycerol consumption ability. We report its draft genome with 20.5x in-depth coverage and around 90% extension and completeness. It harbors the sequences of proteins involved in glycerol transport and metabolism.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2019-0122 1397 downloads

B-mode ultrasonography and gray scale histogram for evaluation of the nuchal ligament in Quarter horse
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Santos, Wildemberto A.

; Vettorato, Michel C.

; Fogaça, Jéssica L.

; Mazzante, Nayara M.G.

; Oliveira, Fernanda G.

; Nogueira, Guilherme P.

; Luvizotto, Maria C.R.

; Machado, Vânia M.V.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Ago 2019, Volume 39 Nº 8 Páginas 663 - 667

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O histograma em escala de cinza (HEC) possibilita a mensuração da quantidade e distribuição da frequência de tonalidades de cinza, fornecendo informações quantitativas, tanto sobre a ecogenicidade quanto a ecotextura dos tecidos. Havendo a necessidade de diminuir a subjetividade das imagens ultrassonográficas do ligamento nucal (LN), esse trabalho propôs avaliar o LN por imagens ultrassonograficas modo-B pelo HEC em diferentes idades de cavalos da raça Quarto de Milha. Utilizou 15 cavalos da raça Quarto de Milha saudáveis os quais foram classificados por idade em três grupos diferentes: “baby” (1), “sobreano” (2) e “adulto” (3). Os animais foram submetidos a contenção química para a realização do exame ultrassonográfico. Posteriormente, a ferramenta HEC foi empregada em cada imagem para análise estatística. Houve diferença significativa entre as variáveis “Mean” e “Mode” entre os grupos. O Grupo 1 diferenciou significativamente quando comparado ao Grupo 2 e 3. O Grupo 2 apresentou ecogenicidade superior ao Grupo 1 e 3. Quanto à altura do LN não teve variação considerável entre os grupos. O HEC indicou que a ecogenicidade do LN em cavalos Quarto de Milha varia conforme a idade.

ABSTRACT: The gray scale histogram (GSH) makes it possible to measure the amount and distribution of gray shade frequencies, providing quantitative information on both echogenicity and echotexture of tissues. There is a need to diminish the subjectivity of the ultrasound images of the nuchal ligament (NL). This work proposes to evaluate the NL by ultrasound B-mode GSH images in different ages of Quarter horses. It used 15 healthy Quarter horses, which were classified by age into three different groups: “baby” (1), “sobreano” (2) and “adult” (3). The animals were submitted to chemical restraint for the ultrasound examination. Subsequently, the GSH tool was used in each image for statistical analysis. There was a significant difference between Mean and Mode between groups. Group 1 differed significantly when compared to Group 2 and 3. Group 2 presented superior echogenicity to Group 1 and 3. The height of the NL did not vary considerably between groups. GSH indicated that the echogenicity of NL in Quarter horses varies with age.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6160-pvb-6228 749 downloads

Characterization and in silico Mutagenic Assessment of a New Betahistine Degradation Impurity
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Mello, Murilo B. M. de

; Oliveira, Antonio A. F. de

; Oliveira, Caroline L. de

; Ultramari, Mariah A.

; Gama, Fernando H. S.

; Mascarello, Alessandra

; Guimarães, Cristiano R. W.

; Freitas, Miller N. de

; Cunha, Carlos E.

; Lourenço, Tiago C.

; Ferreira, Fernanda P.

; Lopes, João L. C.

; Clososki, Giuliano C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2019, Volume 30 Nº 7 Páginas 1415 - 1424

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Currently, the pharmaceutical industry devotes great attention to drug degradation products because these compounds can offer risks to patients. A previous degradation study of betahistine (N-α-methyl-2-pyridylethylamine) conducted under different stress conditions detected three main impurities named A, B and C. Degradation products were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry in electrospray source and time of flight analyzer (ESI-TOF) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Impurity mutagenicity was evaluated by Derek Nexus and Sarah Nexus softwares. Liquid chromatography hyphenate with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of the betahistine forced degradation sample indicated the presence of a new impurity, which was named impurity C1. 2D NMR experiments allowed the complete structural characterization of the new entity. The active pharmaceutical ingredient and degradation impurities were classified as inactive in the in silico mutagenic studies. Systematic investigation of a forced degradation sample led to the characterization of a new betahistine impurity. The in silico mutagenicity study of the betahistine degradation impurities may be useful in the risk assessment of the drug products.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190037 853 downloads

10.

Fumigant toxicity of eugenol and its negative effects on biological development of Callosobruchus maculatus L.
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González Armijos, María José

; Viteri Jumbo, Luis

; D'Antonino Faroni, Lêda Rita

; Oliveira, Eugenio Eduardo

; Flores, Adolfo Fernando

; Fernandes Heleno., Fernanda

; Haddi, Khalid

Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas

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Jun 2019, Volume 36 Nº 1 Páginas 5 - 15

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN La protección de productos almacenados contra daños causados por insectos, cuando se realiza, se basa principalmente en la aplicación de insecticidas sintéticos con graves problemas de salud y medioambientales, además de riesgos de selección de poblaciones de insectos resistentes asociadas con dicha práctica. El uso de compuestos derivados de plantas ha sido presentado como una estrategia sólida para el manejo sustentable de insectos plagas. Eugenol es un componente aromático de ocurrencia natural en aceites esenciales de varias plantas, conocido por su bioactividad repelente e insecticida contra diferentes especies de insectos. En este estudio se investigó la aplicación vía fumigante del eugenol en el control del gorgojó de fríjol caupi, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), evaluando la toxicidad, efectos en el desarrollo biológico (incluyendo inhibición de la emergencia) y repelencia a estos gogojos. Además de una buena actividad insecticida vía fumigante, la exposición al eugenol resultó en una disminución de la tasa de crecimiento de C. maculatus dependiente de la dosis; y una reducción constante en la pérdida de masa del fríjol. Adicionalmente, una inhibición significativa de la emergencia de la descendencia se logro cuando los adultos fueron expuestos a concentraciones letales y subletales de dosis de eugenol. Además, los gorgojos adultos fueron repelidos cuando los granos de fríjol fueron tratados con dosis altas (LD99) de eugenol y atraídos cuando se aplicaron dos dosis más bajas (LD50). Nuestros resultados sugieren a eugenol como una potencial herramienta de control para ser usado en estrategias de manejo sustentable de C. maculatus.

ABSTRACT The protection of stored products from insect damages, when accomplished, is mostly relying on the application of synthetic insecticides with serious health and environmental issues in addition to risks of selection of resistant insect populations associated with such practice. The use of plants derived compounds have been presented as sound strategy for sustainable insect pest management. Eugenol is an aromatic component of natural occurrence in essential oils of numerous plants and known for its repellent and insecticidal bioactivities against different insect species. Here, we investigated the fumigant application of eugenol to control the cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) by assessing toxicity, effects on biological development (including emergence inhibition) and repellency to these weevil. Besides a good fumigant insecticidal activity, eugenol exposure resulted in a dose-dependent decrease of the growth rate of C. maculatus associated with a steady reduction in bean mass losses. Additionally, significant inhibition of the offspring emergence was achieved after the exposure of parental adults to lethal and sublethal doses of eugenol. Furthermore, adult weevils were repelled away from beans exposed to high dose (LD99) of eugenol in contrast with their attraction to the beans treated with lower dose (LD50). Our findings suggest that eugenol has potential as control tool to be used in sustainable management startegies of C. maculatus.

https://doi.org/10.22267/rcia.193601.94 1067 downloads

11.

THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF SORPTION OF RICE IN THE HUSK
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Zeymer, Juliana S.

; Corrêa, Paulo C.

; Oliveira, Gabriel H. H. de

; Baptestini, Fernanda M.

; Faria, Igor L.

Engenharia Agrícola

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Jun 2018, Volume 38 Nº 3 Páginas 369 - 375

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the thermodynamic properties of sorption processes (desorption and adsorption) of rice in the husk, cv. Urucuia. A static-gravimetric method was used to reach equilibrium moisture content at different temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 °C ± 1°C) and relative humidity levels (10, 30, 50, 70, and 90 % ± 2%). A decrease in moisture content led to an increment of the integral isosteric heat of sorption, indicating a higher demand for energy to remove moisture from the product. Differential entropy of sorption decreased along with a moisture content increment, with higher values for desorption. This indicates a higher mobility of water molecules during desorption if compared to adsorption. Gibbs free energy decreased with increasing temperature in both processes, with positive values for desorption (endothermic process), and negative for adsorption (exothermic process). The enthalpy-entropy compensation theory is valid for both sorption phenomena (desorption and adsorption) of rice in the husk, being both processes enthalpy controlled.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v38n3p369-375/2018 996 downloads

12.

REPARAÇÃO DE α-ACETILOXI-N-CICLOEXILAMIDAS ATRAVÉS DA REAÇÃO DE PASSERINI UTILIZANDO DIMETILCARBONATO COMO SOLVENTE AMBIENTALMENTE AMIGÁVEL
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Oliveira, Bárbara R.

; Silva, Carla C.

; Calado, Juliana C. P.

; Batista, Wagner L.

; Siqueira, Fernanda A.

; Longo Jr., Luiz S.

Química Nova

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Jan 2018, Volume 41 Nº 1 Páginas 92 - 99

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A series of α-acetyloxy-N-cyclohexylamides was efficiently obtained via Passerini reaction of cyclohexyl isocyanide, acetic acid, and different aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes using refluxing dichloromethane or dimethylcarbonate (DMC). Reactions performed with DMC led to desired products in moderate to good yields, corroborating this solvent as a eco-friendly alternative to the chlorinated solvents commonly used in this transformation. The α-acetyloxy-N-cyclohexylamides thus obtained were tested against Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as promastigote forms of L.(L.) amazonensis. The α-(Acetyloxy)-N-cyclohexyl-pentanamide showed low antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (S. aureus and B. cereus) and Gram negative (E. coli and P. aeruginosa) bacteria (MIC = 8,3-16,5 mmol L-1), while α-(acetyloxy)-N-cyclohexyl-4-bromo-benzeneacetamide showed leishmanicidal activitity (IC50 = 0,099 mmol L-1).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170140 773 downloads

13.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from an intensive care unit in Minas Gerais, Brazil, over a six-year period
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Nascimento, Thiago C.

; Diniz, Cláudio G.

; Silva, Vânia L.

; Ferreira-Machado, Alessandra B.

; Fajardo, Marina O.

; de Oliveira, Tamara Lopes R.

; Ferreira, Dennis de C.

; Cavalcante, Fernanda S.

; Santos, Kátia R. Netto dos

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Jan 2018, Volume 22 Nº 1 Páginas 55 - 59

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT To characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from an intensive care unit of a tertiary-care teaching hospital, between 2005 and 2010. A total of 45 isolates were recovered from patients admitted to the intensive care unit in the study period. Resistance rates higher than 80% were found for clindamycin (100%), erythromycin (100%), levofloxacin (100%), azithromycin (97.7%), rifampin (88.8%), and gentamycin (86.6%). The SCCmec typing revealed that the isolates harbored the types III (66.7%), II (17.8%), IV (4.4%), and I (2.2%). Four (8.9%) isolates carried non-typeable cassettes. Most (66.7%) of the isolates were related to the Brazilian endemic clone from CC8/SCCmec III, which was prevalent (89.3%) between 2005 and 2007, while the USA100/CC5/SCCmec II lineage emerged in 2007 and was more frequent in the last few years. The study showed high rates of antimicrobial resistance among methicillin-resistant S. aureus isolates and the replacement of Brazilian clone, a well-established hospital lineage, by the USA100 in the late 2000s, at the intensive care unit under study.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.10.004 501 downloads

14.

Maytenus distichophylla and Salacia crassifolia: source of products with potential acetylcholinesterase inhibition
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Ferreira, Fernanda L.

; Rodrigues, Vanessa G.

; Silva, Fernando C.

; Matildes, Bibiane L.G.

; Takahashi, Jacqueline A.

; Silva, Gracia D.F.

; Duarte, Lucienir P.

; Oliveira, Djalma M.

; Filho, Sidney A.V.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Ago 2017, Volume 27 Nº 4 Páginas 471 - 474

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The phytochemical study of the extract leaves from Maytenus distichophylla Mart. and Salacia crassifolia (Mart. ex Schult.) G. Don, Celastraceae, resulted in the isolation of 3-oxofriedelane, 3β-hydroxyfriedelane, 3β,24-dihydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxo-28,29-dihydroxyfriedelane, two mixtures of pentacyclic triterpenes (α-amyrin with β-amyrin and 3β-stearyloxy-urs-12-ene with 3β-stearyloxy-olean-12-ene), 3β-palmityloxy-urs-12-ene, the steroid β-sitosterol and its glycosylated derivative β-glucosyl-β-sitosterol, tritriacontanoic acid and the natural polymer gutta percha. The chemical structures of these constituents were established by IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectral data. Crude extracts, the mixtures of triterpenes and the isolated constituents were subjected to in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory evaluation. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect was observed for crude chloroform extract leaves from M. distichophylla (100%) and S. crassifolia (97.93 ± 5.63%) and for the triterpenes 3β,24-dihydroxyfriedelane (99.05 ± 1.12%), 3-oxo-28,29-dihydroxyfriedelane (90.59 ± 3.76%) and 3β-palmityloxy-urs-12-ene (97.93 ± 1.47%). The percent inhibitions induced by these natural products were very similar to those produced by physostigmine (93.94 ± 2.10%) a standard acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. Therefore, these results open perspectives for the use of these species as source of compounds with similar physostigmine pharmacological effect.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2016.12.006 447 downloads

15.

Cymbopogon citratus essential oil: effect on polymicrobial caries-related biofilm with low cytotoxicity
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OLIVEIRA, Maria Alcionéia Carvalho de

; BORGES, Aline Chiodi

; BRIGHENTI, Fernanda Lourenção

; SALVADOR, Marcos José

; GONTIJO, Aline Vidal Lacerda

; KOGA-ITO, Cristiane Yumi

Brazilian Oral Research

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2017, Volume 31 elocation e89

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil and its main compound (citral) against primary dental colonizers and caries-related species. Chemical characterization of the essential oil was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy (GC/MS), and the main compound was determined. Antimicrobial activity was tested against Actinomyces naeslundii, Lactobacillus acidophilus, S. gordonii, S. mitis, S. mutans, S. sanguinis and S. sobrinus. Minimum inhibitory and bactericide concentrations were determined by broth microdilution assay for streptococci and lactobacilli reference, and for clinical strains. The effect of the essential oil on bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation/disruption was investigated. Negative (without treatment) and positive controls (chlorhexidine) were used. The effect of citral on preformed biofilm was also tested using the same methodology. Monospecies and microcosm biofilms were tested. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used (α=0.05). Cytotoxicity of the essential oil to human keratinocytes was performed by MTT assay. GC/MS demonstrated one major component (citral). The essential oil showed an inhibitory effect on all tested bacterial species, including S. mutans and L. acidophilus. Essential oil of C. citratus (10X MIC) reduced the number of viable cells of lactobacilli and streptococci biofilms (p < 0.05). The essential oil inhibited adhesion of caries-related polymicrobial biofilm to dental enamel (p < 0.01). Citral significantly reduced the number of viable cells of streptococci biofilm (p < 0.001). The essential oil showed low cytotoxicity to human keratinocytes. Based on these findings, this study can contribute to the development of new formulations for products like mouthwash, against dental biofilms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0089 3347 downloads

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