ABSTRACT Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) is a highly competitive weed widely disseminated worldwide that affects both summer and winter crops. The development of predictive emergence models can contribute to optimizing weed management. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an empirical emergence model of Italian ryegrass based on soil thermal time. For model development, cumulative emergence in two locations was obtained, and the model was validated with data collected in an experiment conducted independently. Three commonly used emergence models were compared (Gompertz, Logistic, and Weibull). The relationship between emergence and soil thermal time was described best by the Gompertz model. The Gompertz model predicted Italian ryegrass emergence start at 300 thermal time (TT), reaching 50% emergence at 444 TT, and 90% at 590 TT. Model validation performed well in predicting Italian ryegrass emergence and proved to be efficient at describing its emergence. This is a potential predictive tool for assisting farmers with Italian ryegrass management.

O herbicida saflufenacil é inibidor da Protox, com modo de translocação diferenciado em relação a outros herbicidas pertencentes ao mesmo mecanismo de ação. Seletividade, eficácia e segurança ao ambiente são características importantes para aplicabilidade prática de um herbicida na agricultura. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a tolerância de dez cultivares de feijão ao saflufenacil, aplicado em condições de pré-emergência. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas com dez cultivares de feijão (IAPAR 81; IPR Tiziu; IPR Corujinha; BRS Estilo; BRS Talismã; BRS Esplendor; BRS Campeiro; BRS Radiante; BRS Vereda e Jalo precoce) alocadas nas parcelas e concentrações de saflufenacil (0; 14,7 e 29,4 g ha-1) nas subparcelas. Foram realizadas avaliações de estande aos 21 e 28 dias após aplicação (DAA) e estatura de plantas aos 28 e 35 DAA. Na maturação fisiológica avaliou-se estatura da planta, altura inserção da primeira vagem, número de vagens por planta, peso de 400 grãos e rendimento de grãos de feijão. A cultivar Talismã apresentou baixa sensibilidade ao herbicida e a cultivar Jalo Precoce elevada sensibilidade ao herbicida, considerando-se todas as variáveis analisadas.

The herbicide saflufenacil is a Protox inhibitor, with differential translocation mode in comparison to other herbicides with the same mechanism of action. Selectivity, efficacy and safety to the environment are important characteristics for practical application of a herbicide in agriculture. The aim of this study was to determine the tolerance of ten dry bean cultivars to saflufenacil, applied on preemergence. The experiment was conducted in split plot randomized blocks design with ten dry bean cultivars (IAPAR 81; IPR Tiziu, IPR Corujinha; BRS Estilo; BRS Talismã; BRS Esplendor; BRS Campeiro; BRS Radiante, BRS Vereda and Jalo Precoce) allocated in plots and saflufenacil concentrations (0, 14.7 and 29.4 g ha- 1) in subplots. Evaluations were performed at 21 and 28 days after application (DAA) and plant height at 28 and 35 DAA. At physiological maturity were evaluated plant height, first pod height , number of pods per plant, 400 grains weight and dry beans grain yield. The cultivar Talismã showed low sensitivity to the herbicide and the cultivar Jalo Precoce high sensitivity to the herbicide, considering all variables analyzed.