Abstract Many modern real-world designs rely on the optimization of multiple competing goals. For example, most components designed for the aerospace industry must meet some conflicting expectations. In such applications, low weight, low cost, high reliability, and easy manufacturability are desirable. In some cases, bounds for these requirements are not clear, and performing mono-objective optimizations might not provide a good landscape of the required optimal design choices. For these cases, finding a set of Pareto optimal designs might give the designer a comprehensive set of options from which to choose the best design. This article shows the main features and functionalities of an open source package, developed by the present authors, to solve constrained multi-objective problems. The package, named moko (acronym for Multi-Objective Kriging Optimization), was built under the open source programming language R. Popular Kriging based multi-objective optimization strategies, as the expected volume improvement and the weighted expected improvement, are available in the package. In addition, an approach proposed by the authors, based on the exploration using a predicted Pareto front is implemented. The latter approach showed to be more efficient than the two other techniques in some case studies performed by the authors with moko.

Paciente idoso, portador de insuficiência renal não dialítica e doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica dependente de oxigênio, foi admitido no pronto-socorro com quadro de dor abdominal lancinante. A angiotomografia de abdome revelou a presença de grande aneurisma aórtico com comprometimento das artérias viscerais. Devido ao elevado risco cirúrgico, foi proposto o tratamento endovascular pela técnica de chaminé para a preservação dos vasos viscerais. Essa técnica mostra-se promissora por permitir o reparo endovascular desses aneurismas, seja em casos eletivos, em situações de urgência/emergência ou de resgate de uma artéria visceral acidentalmente encoberta por uma endoprótese aórtica.

An elderly patient with non-dialysis renal failure and oxygendependent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was admitted to the emergency room with lancinating abdominal pain. Angiotomography of the abdomen revealed the presence of a large aortic aneurysm with involvement of visceral arteries. Due to the high surgical risk, endovascular repair was proposed, using the chimney graft technique for the preservation of the visceral vessels. This technique is promising because it enables endovascular repair of aneurysms, be it in elective cases, emergencies, or rescue of a visceral artery accidentally covered by an aortic stent graft.