Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Agricultural practices promote alterations in the physical properties of the soil, causing changes in its bulk density, porosity, distribution of pore diameter and water retention, which influences the availability to the plants. Precision agriculture acts as a tool that assists in soil management, favoring agricultural yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of the spatial variability of the physical attributes of a Spodosol on sugarcane yield. Soil sampling and crop yield evaluations were performed at 90 randomly chosen points in the experimental area. Disturbed and undisturbed samples were collected in the soil layers of 0.00-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m to analyze the attributes: particle size, bulk density, field capacity, total porosity, macroporosity and microporosity. The highest sugarcane yields were observed in regions with more aerated soil, with lower bulk density and higher total porosity, and with greater water retention capacity in the 0.00-0.20 m layer. It was not possible to detect spatial dependence for the granulometric fractions of the soil with the sampling scheme used, except for the clay in the 0.20-0.40 m layer. The spherical model was the one that best fitted to the set of data of the studied variables.

RESUMO As práticas agrícolas promovem alterações nas propriedades físicas do solo, ocasionando modificações na sua densidade, porosidade, na distribuição do diâmetro dos poros e na retenção de água pelo solo que influencia na disponibilidade às plantas. A agricultura de precisão atua como uma ferramenta que auxilia no manejo do solo favorecendo a produtividade agrícola. Dentro desta lógica, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência da variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos de um Espodossolo na produtividade da cultura de cana-de-açúcar. As amostragens do solo e da produtividade da cultura foram realizadas em 90 pontos escolhidos aleatoriamente na área experimental. Foram coletadas amostras deformadas e não deformadas nas camadas de solo de 0,00-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m, a fim de analisar os atributos: textura, densidade do solo, umidade na capacidade de campo, porosidade total, macro e microporosidade. As maiores produtividades de cana-de-açúcar foram observadas em regiões com solo mais aerado, com menor densidade do solo e maior porosidade total, e com maior capacidade de retenção de água na camada de 0,00-0,20 m. Não foi possível detectar dependência espacial para as frações granulométricas do solo com o esquema de amostragem utilizado, exceto para a argila na camada de 0,20-0,40 m. O modelo esférico foi o que melhor se ajustou ao conjunto dos dados das variáveis estudadas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n7p521-530

Intención de uso de estrategias fiscales en empresas familiares en el sur de Tamaulipas, México
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Paz-Pérez, Daniel Eduardo

CienciaUAT

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Jun 2023, Volume 17 Nº 2 Páginas 130 - 145

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Las empresas familiares tienen gran importancia social y económica en el mundo, ya que representan casi el 90 % de los negocios en diversas regiones, generan más de la mitad del empleo y producen más de dos terceras partes del Producto Interno Bruto en muchos países. Suelen basarse en su experiencia comercial y en el conocimiento de su clientela, pero deben contar con un plan de estrategias fiscales para asegurar su supervivencia, ya que se desarrollan en ambientes cada vez más competitivos e impredecibles. El objetivo de esta investigación fue mostrar la intención de uso de estrategias fiscales por las empresas de corte familiar en el municipio de El Mante, ubicado al sur de Tamaulipas, México, y su relación con el conocimiento empresarial, legal y directivo de sus propietarios. Se recogieron las respuestas obtenidas en entrevista directa con los propietarios o directores de negocios, utilizando un cuestionario con escalas de Likert validado y se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas recomendadas. Se encontró suficiente dominio de los empresarios en los temas de administración del negocio familiar, normas y actores relacionados con el comercio, así como suficiente grado de acuerdo en la intención del uso de estrategias fiscales y planes de negocios, competencias que pueden acrecentarse laborando para la empresa familiar. El principal hallazgo es la evidencia de una débil correlación entre el conocimiento legal y directivo de los propietarios de empresas familiares con el uso de las estrategias fiscales, así como una muy débil correlación con el conocimiento empresarial. La intención de uso de estrategias fiscales requiere de tales conocimientos por parte de los empresarios, quienes toman decisiones considerando los intereses de la familia, estiman necesaria la planeación financiera y aprovechan la bondad de las estrategias fiscales.

ABSTRACT Family-owned businesses have paramount social and economic importance worldwide since they represent almost 90 % of businesses in various regions, generate more than half of the employment and produce more than two-thirds of the Gross Domestic Product in many countries. Decisions are based on their commercial experience and knowledge of their customer base. However, they must also employ a fiscal strategy to ensure their subsistence, since they face each more competitive and unpredictable environment. The objective of this research was to show the intention to use tax strategies by family businesses in the municipality of El Mante, located in Southern Tamaulipas, Mexico, and its relationship with the entrepreneurial, legal, and managerial knowledge of their owners. Responses were collected through a direct interview with the business owners or the CEO. Additionally, a questionnaire with validated Likert scales was used, and the recommended statistical tests were administered. Findings indicate that there is sufficient mastery of entrepreneurs in areas such as the management of the family business, regulations and actors related to trade, as well as a sufficient degree of agreement regarding the intention to use fiscal strategies and business plans, competencies that can be increased by working for the family business. The main finding is the evidence of a weak correlation between the legal and managerial knowledge of family business owners with the use of tax strategies, as well as a very weak correlation with entrepreneurial knowledge. The intention to use tax strategies requires such knowledge by business owners, who make decisions based on family’s interests, consider financial planning as necessary and take advantage of the benevolence of tax strategies.

https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v17i2.1665

Difusión espacial de la devoción al Cristo Negro de Esquipulas en el Estado de California, Estados Unidos
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Rosas Paz, Leonardo Daniel

; Propin Frejomil, Enrique

Investigaciones geográficas

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2023, Nº 110 elocation e60648

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los cristos negros son figuras devocionales que catalizan distintos significados a través de su color. En el contexto centroamericano, su tez rescata elementos del pasado prehispánico y rememora, en gran medida, al vínculo que tenían los pueblos originarios con la tierra. De todos ellos, uno de los más representativos, por su magnetismo espiritual. Es el Señor de Esquipulas, Guatemala, cuya devoción está distribuida en amplias zonas de Centroamérica y Estados Unidos, producto de distintos periodos en los que su imagen se expandió, ancló y resignificó en estos territorios. Desde el punto de vista de las teorías de difusión espacial, el presente trabajo expone los procesos de que han llevado a la devoción al Señor de Esquipulas a estar presente de manera diferenciada en California, Estados Unidos. Para ello, el artículo aplica un diseño de investigación cualitativo de corte descriptivo-explicativo para evidenciar el proceso de expansión de esta devoción cuya estrategia metodológica se nutrió de un análisis hemerográfico para reconstruir escenarios geohistóricos de difusión y de un trabajo de campo en el estado de California durante julio de 2022 que, guiado por los principios de la etnografía multisituada, permitió reconstruir la ruta de difusión contemporánea. Finalmente, se revela que el proceso de difusión en California ocurre primordialmente a partir de un modelo de relocalización policentralizado debido a las distintas trayectorias seguidas por los devotos en su proceso migratorio y de integración en el país.

Abstract Black Christs are devotional figures that catalyze different meanings through their color. In the Central American context, their color rescue elements of the pre-Hispanic past and recalls, to a large extent, the link of natives with the land. One of the most representative Black Christs for his spiritual magnetism is the Lord of Esquipulas, Guatemala, revered in large parts of Central America and the United States, as a result of different periods during which his image expanded, anchored, and resignified in these territories. The present work describes the processes that have favored the presence of the devotion to the Lord of Esquipulas in a differentiated way in California, United States, from the perspective of the spatial diffusion theories. To this end, the article applies a descriptive- explanatory qualitative research design to illustrate the expansion of this veneration. The methodological strategy included a hemerographic analysis to reconstruct geohistorical expansion scenarios and fieldwork in the state of California during July 2022 that allowed reconstructing the contemporary expansion route based on principles of multi-location ethnography. Our findings show that the diffusion process in California occurs primarily from a multicentric relocation model due to the different trajectories of worshipers over their migration and integration in the country.

https://doi.org/10.14350/rig.60648

Spatial dependence of sugarcane yield according to the altitude and soil physical attributes in a transect
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Souza, Diego H. S. de

; Silva, Ênio F. de F.

; Paz-González, Antonio

; Siqueira, Glécio M.

; Dantas, Daniel da C.

Revista Caatinga

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2023, Volume 36 Nº 4 Páginas 897 - 906

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Soil management carried out in areas with sugarcane production causes changes in the soil physical attributes, and geostatistics makes it possible to study the behavior of the spatial distribution of these variations. This study aimed to evaluate the behavior of the spatial distribution of sugarcane yield averages according to the altitude and soil physical attributes along a transect in Goiana, Pernambuco, Brazil. Sugarcane yield averages, altitudes, and soil physical attributes, such as soil bulk density, total porosity, micro and macro porosity, sand (total, coarse, and fine), silt, and clay, in the 0.00-0.20 and 0.20-0.40 m soil layers were determined at 20 m intervals along the transect characterized by a toposequence of Ultisols and Spodosols. Exploratory data analysis was performed with the aid of descriptive statistics. The analysis of spatial dependence was performed using geostatistics. Pairs of semivariances were obtained using the GS+ software. The development and adjustment of the semivariograms were performed using the GEOEAS geostatistical tool. The highest contents of the finest soil particles were found in the lowest sections of the transect, in the 0.20-0.40 m soil layers. The highest amount of macropores was observed in the subsurface soil layer. The areas with the lowest amount of micropores showed the lowest average sugarcane yield, around 32.00 t.ha-1. The geostatistical model that best fitted the data set was the spherical model.

RESUMO O manejo do solo em áreas com produção de cana-deaçúcar ocasiona modificações nos atributos físicos do solo, e a geoestatística permite estudar o comportamento de distribuição espacial destas variações. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o comportamento da distribuição espacial da produtividade média da cana-de-açúcar, da altitude e dos atributos físicos do solo ao longo um transecto, localizado no município de Goiana, estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. A produtividade média da cana-de-açúcar, a altitude e os atributos físicos do solo: densidade do solo, porosidade total, micro e macro porosidade, areia (total, grossa e fina), silte e argila, nas camadas de 0,00-0,20 e 0,20-0,40 m de profundidade, foram quantificados em 145 pontos com intervalos de 20 m entre os pontos ao longo do transecto caracterizado por uma toposequência de Argissolo e Espodossolo. A análise exploratória dos dados foi realizada por meio da estatística descritiva. A análise de dependência espacial foi realizada por meio da geoestatística. Os pares das semivariâncias foram obtidos utilizando o programa GS+. A construção e o ajuste dos semivariogramas foram realizados utilizando a ferramenta geoestatística GEOEAS. Os maiores conteúdo de argila e silte foram verificados nos trechos mais baixos do transecto, na camada de 0,20-0,40 m. O maior conteúdo de macroporos foi observado na camada subsuperficial do solo. Os trechos com menor conteúdo de microporos, apresentaram menor produtividade média da cana-de-açúcar, em torno de 32,00 t.ha-1. O modelo geoestatístico que melhor se ajustou ao conjunto dos dados foi o esférico.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n417rc

Response to letter to the editor: Comment on “Mutagenic damage among bronchiectasis patients attending in the pulmonology sector of a hospital in southern Brazil” editor Mutagenic Brazil
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Ramos, Daniela Fernandes

; Olmedo, Daniel Wenceslau Votto

; Martins, Katheryne Benini

; Paz, Milene Machado

; Fernandes, Caroline Lopes Feijo

; Silva Júnior, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 69 Nº 8 elocation e20230548

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20230548

O método de treinamento com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo: percepção e análise crítica do processo metodológico e de sua utilização
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Cirilo-Sousa, Maria do Socorro

; Paz, Natália Herculano

; Dantas, Pedro Augusto Mariz

; Lucena, Pedro Henrique Marques de

; Brito, Ana Tereza de Sousa

; Alves-Pereira, Daniel

; Araújo, Ravi Cirilo Targino de

; Paz, Carlos Renato

Motricidade

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Dez 2022, Volume 18 Nº 2 Páginas 307 - 311

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective was to verify the perception, critical and methodological analysis of the technique of blood flow restriction (RFS) by specialist researchers. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, based on discourse analysis on the theme — RFS in the Context of Rehabilitation, during the III International Congress on Health, Sport and Pedagogy of Movement — SINERGIA BRAZIL III. The researchers had a determined speaking time during the debate, with ample discussion after the questions. Discourse analysis was performed from the transcription of the recording. The results indicated the need to adjust the restriction pressure during the training progression; the RFS was considered adequate to treat post-COVID-19 patients through preconditioning at rest; excel in evaluating the risks and benefits before its use; the terminology “RFS” frightens the public that is not familiar with the method; RFS variations are essential for rehabilitation in clinical practice; its applicability must be exacerbated for the general population; there is a need for methodological validation and equipment with lower financial cost; it is envisioned that the most technological and expensive devices are used in laboratories and clinics. It is concluded that there was a convergence among researchers regarding the efficiency of RFS.

RESUMO Objetivou-se verificar a percepção, a análise crítica e metodológica da técnica de restrição de fluxo sanguíneo (RFS) por pesquisadores especialistas. Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa, a partir da análise do discurso sobre a temática — A RFS no Contexto da Reabilitação, durante o III Congresso Internacional de Saúde, Desporto e Pedagogia do Movimento — SINERGIA BRAZIL III. Durante o debate os pesquisadores tiveram tempo de fala determinado, com ampla discussão após as perguntas. Realizou-se a análise do discurso a partir da transcrição da gravação. Os resultados indicaram a necessidade do ajuste da pressão de restrição durante a progressão do treinamento; considerou-se a RFS adequada para tratar pacientes pós-COVID-19, através do precondicionamento em repouso; primasse pela avaliação dos riscos e benefícios antes de sua utilização; a terminologia “RFS” amedronta o público que não tem familiaridade com o método; as variações da RFS são essenciais para reabilitação na prática clínica; sua aplicabilidade deve ser exacerbada para a população em geral; existe a necessidade de validação metodológica e equipamentos com menor custo financeiro; vislumbra-se que os aparelhos mais tecnológicos e caros sejam utilizados em laboratórios e clínicas. Conclui-se que houve uma convergência entre os pesquisadores quanto à eficiência da RFS.

https://doi.org/10.6063/motricidade.27716

Efectividad de los programas para resolver la informalidad tributaria en México y Perú
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Paz Pérez, Daniel Eduardo

; Solano Campos, Marianela Karina

; Inga Flores, Judit Giovanni

Biolex

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Dez 2022, Volume 14 elocation e222

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Los sistemas tributarios modernos enfrentan retos en la forma de dificultades para recaudar, ineficiencia en el cobro, rezagos en el padrón de contribuyentes, informalidad, evasión y otras situaciones; este trabajo enmarca una investigación sobre la forma en la que los gobiernos de México y Perú enfrentan el incumplimiento tributario de las empresas en informalidad. El objetivo fue medir la efectividad de los programas para resolver la informalidad tributaria implementados en dichos países, utilizando el método analógico de investigación documental y la técnica de análisis legal comparativo. Se identifican los programas Régimen de Incorporación Fiscal (RIF) en México y Régimen MYPE Tributario (RMT) en Perú, implementados en 2014 y 2017, respectivamente; los resultados muestran un incremento en la recaudación tributaria nominal atribuible al cambio positivo del ciclo económico de ambos países, pero no a consecuencia de una mejor labor recaudatoria; el crecimiento del padrón de contribuyentes a partir de la reforma tributaria fue nulo en México (0 %) pero considerable en Perú (33.16 %); la población laboral objetivo alcanzada fue menor en México que en Perú, con tasas de disminución de ocupación informal de 1 punto porcentual contra 19.3 puntos porcentuales cada uno. El principal hallazgo es la menor efectividad del RIF, que pudiera ser explicado por la ausencia de metas establecidas en este régimen desde su creación.

ABSTRACT Modern tax systems face challenges in the form of collection difficulties, collection inefficiency, lags in the taxpayer registry, informality, evasion and other situations; This work frames an investigation into the way in which the governments of Mexico and Peru face tax non - compliance by informal businesses. The objective was to measure the effectiveness of the programs to resolve tax informality implemented in those countries, using the analogical method of documentary research and the technique of comparative legal analysis. The Tax Incorporation Regime (RIF) in Mexico and the MYPE Tax Regime (RMT) in Peru are identified, implemented in 2014 and 2017, respectively; the results show an increa se in nominal tax collection attributable to the positive change in the economic cycle of both countries, but not as a result of better collection efforts; the growth of the taxpayer registry from tax reform was null for Mexico (0%) but considerable for Peru (33.16%); the target population reached was lower in Mexico than in Peru, with rates of decrease in informal employment of 1 percentage point against 19.3 percentage points each. The main finding is RIF’s less effectiveness, which could be explained by the absence of goals established in the regime since its creation.

https://doi.org/10.36796/biolex.v14i25.222

Code infarction initiative of Bajio region, during the pandemic by COVID-19 in a reconversion hospital
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Villar-Valencia, Cristian Adrián

; Hernández-González, Martha Alicia

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Celis-Quintal, Juan German

; Solorio-Meza, Sergio Eduardo

; Medina-Torres, Oscar Samuel

; Gutiérrez-Galván, Maraí Xochitl

; Rodríguez-Martínez, Braulio

; Prado-Rodríguez, Luis Humberto

; Vázquez-Morones, Ana Laura

; Alatoma-Medina, Juan Pablo

; Hernández-Estala, Jorge

; Patiño-Amaya, Aristóteles

; Magdaleno-Serrano, Hugo Ivan

; Rodríguez-Déniz, Carmen

; Arellano-Sotelo, Hugo

; Nava-Hernández, Guillermo

; Ramírez-Vázquez, Ricardo

; Chimal-Flores, Marco Antonio

; Alegría-Peredia, Emiliano

; Ramos-González, Gerardo Rubén

; Pérez-Benítez, Rigoberto

; Bermúdez-Acévez, Erik

; Valencia-Martínez, Hypatia

; Segovia-Solís, Hugo

; López-Varela, Manuel

; Monroy-Córdoba, Doryan

; Marmolejo-López, Adriana

; Báez-Montes, Alfredo

; Hernández-Cerqueda, Fabián

; Nolasco-Muñoz, Luis Ricardo

; Vargas-Ramírez, Luis Manuel

; Celis-Quintal, Juan German

; Bernal-Ruíz, Enrique Alfredo

; Delgado-Sánchez, Anabella

; Sánchez-López, José Manuel

; Bautista-López, Germán Ramón

; Acevedo-Gómez, Pablo Francisco

; Acuña-Valerio, Jorge Francisco

; González-Ortíz, Oracio

; Hernández-Padilla, Adolfo Asahel

; Solórzano-Vázquez, Marco Alejandro

; Franco-Herrera, Noel

; González, Luis Jonathan

; Reyes-Álvarez, José Miguel

; Salinas-Cavazos, Iván Rosendo

; Tiscareño-Villanueva, Ashby Daniel

; Vidrio-Villaseñor, Ramiro

; Fernández-Yáñez, Gabriel

; Meza, Ma. Guadalupe

; Nucamendi-Solórzano, Freeman Issac

; Sandoval-Uribe, José de Jesús

; Sotelo-García, Luis David

; Zamoaya-Paz, Luis Carlos

; Espriu, Donovan Fernando

; García-Rodríguez, Román

; López-Ibarra, Daniel Eugenio

; López-Valencia, Andrea Janeth

; Villar-Valencia, Cristian Adrián

; Navarro-Pérez-Macedo, Javier

Cardiovascular and metabolic science

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Set 2022, Volume 33 Nº 3 Páginas 97 - 105

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction has a high prevalence and possibility of death if timely care is not given. It is possible that treatment could be delayed during a health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the function of the infarction code in the High Specialty Medical Unit of our institution. The medical indicators of acute coronary ischemic syndrome with ST-segment elevation were compared at two times: before the COVID-19 pandemic and during it. Material and methods: An ambispective, analytical, comparative cohort study was conducted, comparing the periods of February-September 2019 and February-September 2020, in the High Specialty Medical Unit, Centro Médico del Bajío number 1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico. All patients older than 18 years with clinical, electrocardiographic, and enzymatic data of acute coronary ischemic syndrome, accepted in the medical network as infarction code registered in the National Registry of Acute Coronary Ischemic Syndromes (RENASCA) electronic case report form were included in the study. Results: The independent samples t-test was used to determine the impact of the infarction code initiative based on the reperfusion therapies performed, the door-to-needle, the door-to-balloon time, and the ischemia time. There was a significant difference in the reperfusion strategy, with greater thrombolysis during the COVID-19 pandemic (57.4% versus 72.6%, odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-0.82, p < 0.001), as well as reperfusion criteria (21.03% versus 35.37%, OR 2.05, 95% CI 0.53-0.80, p < 0.0001). Mortality was not different between the time periods. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has not impacted operation of the infarction code in the High Specialty Medical Unit Centro Médico del Bajío number 1 because the medical indicators of acute coronary ischemic syndrome with ST-segment elevation did not change.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.35366/107622

Mutagenic damage among bronchiectasis patients attending in the pulmonology sector of a hospital in southern Brazil
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Olmedo, Daniel Wenceslau Votto

; Martins, Katheryne Benini

; Paz, Milene Machado

; Fernandes, Caroline Lopes Feijo

; Silva Júnior, Flavio Manoel Rodrigues da

; Ramos, Daniela Fernandes

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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Set 2022, Volume 68 Nº 9 Páginas 1191 - 1198

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by inflammation, irreversible dilation of the bronchi, and recurrent pulmonary infections, with a high morbidity and mortality rate, but is less studied from the point of view of its prevalence and associated factors not directly related to respiratory prognosis. As it is a disease related to the exacerbation of the inflammatory process and oxidative stress, this study searched to investigate the micronucleus frequency in patients with and without bronchiectasis treated at a specialized pulmonology service in a hospital in the extreme south of Brazil. METHODS: Patients with a confirmed tomographic diagnosis of bronchiectasis were defined as cases. Mutagenicity was evaluated by the micronucleus test in patients’ oral mucosa cells. Data collection was performed through a questionnaire containing socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, and health condition information. RESULTS: Of the 95 patients involved in this study, 21 (22.1%) were diagnosed with bronchiectasis aged between 12 and 89 years. There was no significant difference in the frequency of micronucleus between patients with and without bronchiectasis. There was a significant positive association between age and frequency of micronucleus among patients with bronchiectasis, but this association does not occur among patients without the disease. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to investigate data on the prevalence and clinical and epidemiological aspects of this chronic disease in Brazil, especially those related to the genotoxicity outcome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.20220178

10.

Mapas mineragénicos 1:250000 de Cuba
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Lavaut Copa, Waldo Damián

; Capote Marrero, Carbeny Ramiro

; Cobiella Reguera, Jorge Luís

; Alonso Pérez, José Antonio

; Torres Rodríguez, Daniel

; Milia González, Inés

; Torres La Rosa, Mercedes

; de la Paz Marrero, Dayana

; Revé, Ludibet Barrio

; González Castellanos, Domingo

; San Jorge, Walfrido Alfonso

Anales de la Academia de Ciencias de Cuba

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Ago 2022, Volume 12 Nº 2 elocation e1053

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Introduction: The objective on this investigation was to create for Cuba the mineragenic maps on 1:250000 scale for weathering regolites and the geotectonic structures; also an universal nomenclature for the weathering rocks, the whole country being investigated in 2015-2019 according to project I+D "Mapa Mineragénico de Cuba" Phase I (Code 613490) and Phase II (Code 613740) of the Program of Science, Technology and Innovation of National Interest: Integral characterization of the Geology of Cuba, whose results compose this proposal. Methods: Beginning with the bibliographical search in retrospect up to 1807, continued by geologic, geophysical works, lithologic, petrographic, mineralogical and chemical-analytic for Fe, Ni, Co, Si, Al, Mg, Cr, Mn, Ti, Ba, Cu, Pb, Zn, Sr, Li, Sn, V, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu; 130 mineralogical DRX; 3768 km of itineraries, the taking and documentation of 744 samples and 523 spectrometric measurements of U, Th, K with the spectrometer RS-230 BGO Super-Spec. Results: Two mineragenic maps: that of the weathering and the general one of IRM on scale 1:250000 of Cuba, and universal nomenclature for classification and systematic of the weathering rocks. The geotectonic scenarios and types of weathering regolites were typified and categorized according to their productivity and potentiality in mineral resources (IRM and metal-bearing), as well as litho-tectonic and mineragenic cartographies on scale 1:250000 of Cuba based on the Global Tectonic, results demanded for the Geologic Service of Cuba and useful for diverse objectives and branches of the Economy, Teaching and the Scientific Investigation in the country.

RESUMEN Introducción: El objetivo de la investigación fue resolver para Cuba los mapas mineragénicos a escala 1:250000 de las regolitas de meteorización y de las estructuras geotectónicas, así como un nomenclador universal de las rocas de la meteorización, investigándose todo el país en 2015-2019 según proyecto I+D “Mapa Mineragénico de Cuba”. Fase I (Código 613490) y Fase II (Código 613740) del Programa de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Interés Nacional: Caracterización Integral de la Geología de Cuba, cuyos resultados componen esta propuesta. Métodos: Se comenzó por la búsqueda bibliográfica con retrospectiva hasta 1807, seguida por trabajos geológicos, geofísicos, litológicos, petrográficos, mineralógicos y químico-analíticos para Fe, Ni, Co, Si, Al, Mg, Cr, Mn, Ti, Ba, Cu, Pb, Zn, Sr, Li, Sn, V, Ca, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu; 130 DRX mineralógicas; 3768 km de itinerarios, toma y documentación de 744 muestras y 523 mediciones espectrométricas de U, Th, K con el espectrómetro RS-230 BGO Super-Spec. Resultados: Dos mapas mineragénicos: de la meteorización y general de RMI a escala 1:250000 de Cuba, y un nomenclador universal para clasificación y sistemática de rocas de la meteorización. Se tipificaron y categorizaron los escenarios geotectónicos y tipos de regolitas de meteorización por su productividad y potencialidad en recursos minerales (RMI y metalíferos), aportando cartografías tectónico-litológicas y mineragénicas a escala 1:250000 de Cuba basado en tectónica global, resultados demandados por el Servicio Geológico de Cuba y útiles para diversos objetivos y ramas de la Economía, la Docencia y la Investigación Científica del país.

11.

Bronchiectasis: morbidity and mortality in Brazil and its impact on hospitalization rates
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Biatobock, Dara Roberta

; Paz, Milene da Silva Machado

; Olmedo, Daniel Wenceslau Votto

; Barlem, Edison Luiz Devos

; Ramos, Daniela Fernandes

Revista de la Sociedad Científica del Paraguay

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Jun 2022, Volume 27 Nº 1 Páginas 61 - 73

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la morbimortalidad de las bronquiectasias, su interface con el mantenimiento de las tasas de ingreso hospitalario y los resultados pronósticos insatisfactorios, y el impacto negativo en la salud pública brasileña. Métodos: Las informaciones clínicas y epidemiológicas provinieron del departamento de informática del Sistema Único de Salud de Brasil - DataSus, del cual se filtraron los datos requeridos a través de la lista de morbilidades del SUS - CID10. Se buscó información sobre la hospitalización de pacientes con bronquiectasias, como sexo, edad, tiempo y costo de la hospitalización, régimen de tratamiento y número de muertes a consecuencia de la enfermedad. Resultados: Se observó que de enero de 2008 a febrero de 2020 se hospitalizaron alrededor de 24.087 pacientes con bronquiectasias. El 65% eran adultos, con una gran porción en la fase productiva. El 84% de los pacientes buscó unidades de salud en modalidad de emergencia y el 47% acudió a los servicios públicos. El promedio brasileño de estancia hospitalaria fue estimado en 8,1 días, el costo del servicio rondaba los R$ 28 millones y se registraron 698 muertes por bronquiectasias. Conclusiones: Enfermedades como las bronquiectasias están lejos del manejo adecuado que requieren las enfermedades pulmonares crónicas. A pesar de la importante evolución diagnóstica, la etiología y el tratamiento de la enfermedad siguen siendo cuestionables.

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the morbidity and mortality of bronchiectasis, its interface with the maintenance of hospitalization rates and unsatisfactory prognostic outcomes, as well as the negative impact on Brazilian public health. Methods: The clinical and epidemiological information came from the IT department of the Brazilian Unified Health System - DataSus, from which the required data was filtered through the SUS - CID10 list of morbidities. Information was sought, in absolute numbers, regarding the hospitalization of bronchiectasis patients, such as gender, age, time and cost of hospitalization, care regime, and the number of deaths due to the disease. Results: From the variables found, it was noted that in the period from January 2008 to February 2020, around 24,087 bronchiectasis patients were hospitalized. 65% of the total number of hospitalizations due to the disease consisted of adults, with a large portion in the productive phase (between 20 and 79 years). 84% of the patients sought health units in an emergency mode and 47% used public services at the time of hospitalization. The Brazilian average length of stay in hospital was estimated at 8.1 days and the cost of the service was around R$ 28 million in the twelve years analyzed. Besides, 698 deaths due to bronchiectasis were recorded in Brazil. Conclusions: Diseases such as bronchiectasis are far from the adequate management that chronic lung diseases require. Despite the significant diagnostic evolution, the etiology and treatment of disease is still questionable, providing unsatisfactory quality of life for bronchiectasis patients.

https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2022.27.1.61

12.

Identificación de interacciones espaciales asociadas con el culto al Cristo Mojado en la iglesia de Santa Cecilia en Los Ángeles, California, Estados Unidos
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Rosas-Paz, Leonardo Daniel

; Propin-Frejomil, Enrique

Revista Geográfica de América Central

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Jun 2022, Nº 68 Páginas 187 - 214

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En el año 2003, migrantes de origen centroamericano, trasladaron de manera indocumentada a la ciudad de Los Ángeles, California una réplica del Señor de Esquipulas, un Cristo de tez obscura de origen guatemalteco, quien a partir de ese hecho sería reconocido, también como Cristo Mojado. Con su llegada a la Iglesia de Santa Cecilia, la devoción a la imagen se expandió entre otros sectores de la población, quienes comenzaron a articular relaciones sociales y espaciales cuyo impacto es perceptible en distintos niveles geográfico-escalares. En este contexto, este trabajo hace uso de la teoría de la interacción espacial, para explicar lo anterior y emplea un diseño de investigación cualitativo para evidenciar, a través de la indagación descriptiva-explicativa, la importancia espacial del culto. Para ello, se usaron instrumentos de recolección de información, tales como entrevistas semi-estructuradas con informantes clave y observación participante, en la fiesta patronal de enero de 2018 y análisis de redes sociales. Los hallazgos señalan que, el culto al Cristo Mojado, genera interacciones espaciales a corta y larga distancia, producto del movimiento cíclico de bienes materiales, personas e información.

Abstract In 2003, migrants of Central American origin, illegally relocated to the city of Los Angeles, California, a replica of Señor de Esquipulas, a dark-skinned Christ of Guatemalan origin, which from then on came to be recognized as Cristo Mojado (translated as Wetback Christ). With its arrival at the Saint Cecilia Catholic Church, devotion to the image spread among other sectors of the population, who began to articulate social and spatial relationships whose impact is perceptible at different geographic-scalar levels. In this context, the present work makes use of the theory of spatial interaction to explain the above phenomenon and uses a qualitative research design to evidence, through descriptive-explanatory inquiry, the spatial importance of worship. Accordingly, information collection instruments, such as semi-structured interviews with key informants and participative observation, were employed during the patronal festival, celebrated in January 2018, and for the analysis of social media. The findings indicate that worship to Cristo Mojado, creates short- and long-distance spatial interactions, as a consequence of the cyclical movement of material goods, people and information.

https://doi.org/10.15359/rgac.68-1.7

13.

Allergic rhinitis improvement after septorhinoplasty in a sample of allergic rhinitis patients with septal deviation: a quasi-experimental study
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García-Paz, Vanesa

; Chamorro-Petronacci, Cintia Micaela

; Painceira-Villar, Roi

; Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo, Ricardo

; Losa-Iglesias, Marta Elena

; Pérez-Sayáns, Mario

; Sarandeses-Garcia, Adolfo

; López-López, Daniel

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Fev 2022, Volume 140 Nº 1 Páginas 17 - 23

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects almost 30% of the adult population. OBJECTIVE: To describe and compare the evolution of symptoms in patients diagnosed with AR and septal deviation prior to and following septoplasty (STP). DESIGN AND SETTING: Quasi-experimental study developed in A Coruña University Hospital. METHODS: Patients aged 18-65 years who had been diagnosed with AR and septal deviation were recruited. Obstruction airflow was evaluated before and after surgery, by means of anterior rhinomanometry (RNM). Severity symptoms and quality of life were assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and the ESPRINT questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS: A total of 50 subjects underwent STP and 42 were included in this study. Their mean age at the time of surgery was 34.16 ± 9.74 years (range 18-64). Significant reductions in mean VAS and ESPRINT were observed after surgery (P < 0.01). These outcomes were considered to represent an overall improvement in quality of life. The RNM results also improved significantly, from mean values of 478.07 ± 165.4 cm3/s before STP to 826.4 ± 175.5 cm3/s afterwards (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The negative correlations of VAS and ESPRINT with RNM, from before and to after STP, demonstrate the efficacy of scales and questionnaires as objective methods for determining obstruction in the absence of rhinomanometry. Patients with allergic rhinitis and septal deviation showed improvements in obstruction severity and medication use after STP.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0236.r1.03052021

14.

Riegl faz história: o Denkmalkultus visto à luz da historiografia de Alois Riegl
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PAZ, DANIEL JURACY MELLADO

Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material

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2022, Volume 30 elocation e10

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O livro Der moderne Denkmalkultus, sein Wesen und seine Entsehung (O culto moderno dos monumentos: sua essência e sua gênese), do historiador da arte Alois Riegl (1858-1905), é hoje considerado uma das obras capitais do diálogo que chamamos de Teorias da Conservação e Restauro, e no Brasil estudado cada vez mais, com concepções inéditas e mesmo pioneiras em 1903, quando foi publicado. A leitura mais atenta do conjunto da obra de Riegl revela uma construção muito mais sofisticada do que aparece à leitura isolada do Denkmalkultus, como usual na área do Patrimônio. Em seus livros, Riegl explora e estabelece uma concepção particular de história e do ofício do historiador. Nela, diacronicamente, estão presentes a ênfase crescente da História como um devir contínuo, onde eram reconhecíveis linhas de sentido de longo prazo - como os vetores progressivos e reativos coexistentes em cada obra de arte -, e a possibilidade de épocas diferentes se tangenciarem, a partir do olhar para o passado, inclusive do historiador contemporâneo. Também se encontram, sincronicamente, as contribuições da História Cultural e o estudo das cosmovisões. Revela-se assim que o Denkmalkultus, como outros textos de Riegl, não era apenas uma descrição dos processos globais que acreditava existir desde o Paleolítico até a Era Moderna, como um exemplo concreto da progressão teleológica, essencial para interpretar sua obra.

ABSTRACT The book Der moderne Denkmalkultus, sein Wesen und seine Entsehung (The modern cult of monuments: its character and origin), by art historian Alois Riegl (1858-1905), is today considered a seminal work of the dialogue we call Conservation and Restoration Theories and in Brazil increasingly studied, with new and even pioneering conceptions in 1903, when it was originally published. A closer reading of Riegl’s oeuvre reveals a much more sophisticated framework than the isolated reading of Denkmalkultus, as is usual in Heritage Studies. Throughout his books, Riegl explores and discusses a particular conception of History and the Historian’s craft. In it, diachronically, is present a growing emphasis on History as a continuous becoming, in which long-term lines of meaning are recognizable - such as the progressive and reactive vectors coexisting in each work of art -, and the possibility of different epochs intersecting each other, from the look at the past, including the contemporary historian. Contributions from Cultural History and the study of worldviews are also synchronously integrated in this conception. Thus, it is revealed that Denkmalkultus, like other texts by Riegl, was not merely provide a description of the global processes that the author believed existed from the Paleolithic to the Modern Era as a concrete example of this teleological progression, a notion that is essential for intepreting Riegl’s work.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-02672022v30e10

15.

De la migración forzada al tráfico de migrantes: la migración clandestina en tránsito de Cuba hacia Chile
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Liberona Concha, Nanette Paz

; Piñones Rivera, Carlos Daniel

; Dilla Alfonso, Haroldo

Migraciones internacionales

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Dez 2021, Volume 12 elocation rmiv1i12319

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT This article takes up the critical discussion that has taken place at an international level by considering people smuggling as a crime. It focuses on clandestine transit migration of Cubans to Chile, associated with the trafficking of migrants, the latter understood as forced migration. From a collaborative ethnographic follow-up, the experience of clandestine transit migration is collected while reconstructing the motives, routes, the lack of a coyote figure, the abuses, the risks, the crossing of Chilean borders, and the denial of refuge. It is concluded that emphasizing the voluntariness of being smuggled contributes to the irregularization of migrants, which is why we consider it necessary to stop perceiving this phenomenon from a criminal perspective and consider the density social, cultural, political, and economic dimensions of people smuggling.

RESUMEN Este artículo retoma la discusión crítica que se ha dado a nivel internacional sobre la consideración del tráfico de migrantes como un delito. Se enfoca en el caso de la migración clandestina en tránsito de cubanos y cubanas hacia Chile, asociada al tráfico de migrantes, entendido este último como migración forzada. A partir de un seguimiento etnográfico colaborativo, se recoge la experiencia de esta migración y se reconstruyen los motivos, las rutas, la indefinición de la figura del coyote, los abusos, los riesgos, el cruce de las fronteras chilenas y la negación del refugio. Se concluye que poner énfasis en la voluntariedad de ser contrabandeado/a contribuye a la irregularización de las personas migrantes, motivo por el cual es necesario que se deje de observar este fenómeno desde la óptica penal y se considere la densidad del tránsito que implica el tráfico de migrantes, constituido por dimensiones sociales, culturales, políticas y económicas.

https://doi.org/10.33679/rmi.v1i1.2319 134 downloads

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