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Amazonian Fruit Mari-Mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.): Identification of Flavonoids and Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Properties
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Souza, Mayane P. de
; Sá, Ingrity Suelen C.
; Freitas, Flávio Augusto de
; Souza, Afonso D. L. de
; Nunomura, Sergio M.
; Muniz, Magno P.
; Pereira, Ana Paula R.
; Augusto, Bianca O.
; Gomes, Giovana B.
; Perdomo, Renata T.
; Macedo, Maria Lígia R.
; Weber, Simone S.
; Nunomura, Rita de Cassia S.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas do periódico
Mari-mari (Cassia leiandra Benth.) is an Amazonian native fruit that is highly appreciated in the northern region of Brazil, but there are few studies regarding its chemical composition and/or biological properties. A phytochemical study was conducted on the extracts of the pulp, peel and seeds; and their antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial potential were also determined. Methanol and acetone extracts from different fruit parts were subjected to total phenolic, 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and FeIII reducing capacity (FRAP) assays. From the peel extracts, the engeletin and astilbin could also be isolated and characterized based on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. A quantification using ultra-fast liquid chromatography of acetone dry crude extracts (DCE) of the peel showed that engeletin was the main compound (532.77 mg g-1 DCE). Astilbin content was also determined (131.53 mg g-1 DCE). The antibacterial and antiproliferative activities were evaluated and the methanol extract of the peel showed higher growth inhibition activity against all tested bacteria. Engeletin showed a relevant antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli. Acetone and methanol peel extracts exhibited a relevant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7), with no toxicity to the normal cell line (NIH/3T3).
2.
Estratégia Fármaco-Invasiva no Infarto do Miocárdio: Análise Descritiva, Apresentação de Sintomas Isquêmicos e Preditores de Mortalidade
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Bianco, Henrique Tria
; Povoa, Rui
; Izar, Maria Cristina
; Alves, Claudia Maria Rodrigues
; Barbosa, Adriano Henrique Pereira
; Bombig, Maria Teresa Nogueira
; Gonçalves Jr, Iran
; Luna Filho, Bráulio
; Aguirre, Ana Caroline
; Moraes, Pedro Ivo de Marqui
; Almeida, Dirceu
; Moreira, Flávio Tocci
; Povoa, Fernando Focaccia
; Stefanini, Edson
; Caixeta, Adriano Mendes
; Bacchin, Amanda S.
; Moisés, Valdir Ambrósio
; Fonseca, Francisco A.H.
.
Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia
- Métricas do periódico
Resumo Fundamento O infarto do miocárdio com elevação do segmento-ST (IAMCSST) é definido por sintomas acompanhados por alterações típicas do eletrocardiograma. Entretanto, a caracterização dos sintomas isquêmicos não é clara, principalmente em subgrupos, como mulheres e idosos. Objetivos Analisar a tipificação dos sintomas isquêmicos, métricas temporais e observar a ocorrência de desfechos intra-hospitalares, em análise dos escores preditivos, em pacientes com IAMCSST, em estratégia fármaco-invasiva. Métodos Estudo envolvendo 2.290 pacientes. Tipos de apresentações clínicas pré-definidas: dor típica, dor atípica, dispnéia, sincope. Medimos o tempo entre o início dos sintomas à demanda pelo atendimento e o intervalo entre a chegada à unidade-médica e trombólise. Odds-ratios (OR; IC-95%) foram estimadas em modelo de regressão. Curvas ROCs foram construídas para preditores de mortalidade. Nível de significância adotado (alfa) foi de 5%. Resultados Mulheres apresentaram alta prevalência de sintomas atípicos; maior tempo entre o início dos sintomas e a procura por atendimento; atraso entre a chegada ao pronto-socorro e a fibrinólise. A mortalidade hospitalar foi de 5,6%. Predição de risco pela classificação Killip-Kimball: AUC: [0,77 (0,73-0,81)] em classe ≥II. Subgrupos estudados [OR (IC-95%)]: mulheres [2,06 (1,42-2,99); p=0,01]; insuficiência renal crônica [3,39 (2,13-5,42); p<0,001]; idosos [2,09 (1,37-3,19) p<0,001]; diabéticos [1,55 (1,04-2,29); p=0,02]; obesos 1,56 [(1,01-2,40); p=0,04]; acidente vascular cerebral prévio [2,01 (1,02-3,96); p=0,04] correlacionaram-se com maiores taxas de mortalidade. Conclusão Apesar das mais altas taxas de mortalidade em alguns subgrupos, disparidade significativa persiste nas mulheres, com atrasos no reconhecimento dos sintomas e trombólise imediata. Destaca-se a aplicabilidade do escore Killip-Kimball na predição, independentemente da apresentação clínica.
Abstract Background ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is defined by symptoms accompanied by typical electrocardiogram changes. However, the characterization of ischemic symptoms is unclear, especially in subgroups such as women and the elderly. Objectives To analyze the typification of ischemic symptoms, temporal metrics and observe the occurrence of in-hospital outcomes, in the analysis of predictive scores, in patients with STEMI, in a drug-invasive strategy. Methods Study involving 2,290 patients. Types of predefined clinical presentations: typical pain, atypical pain, dyspnea, syncope. We measured the time between the onset of symptoms and demand for care and the interval between arrival at the medical unit and thrombolysis. Odds-ratios (OR; CI-95%) were estimated in a regression model. ROC curves were constructed for mortality predictors. The adopted significance level (alpha) was 5%. Results Women had a high prevalence of atypical symptoms; longer time between the onset of symptoms and seeking care; delay between arrival at the emergency room and fibrinolysis. Hospital mortality was 5.6%. Risk prediction by Killip-Kimball classification: AUC: [0.77 (0.73-0.81)] in class ≥II. Subgroups studied [OR (CI-95%)]: women [2.06 (1.42-2.99); p=0.01]; chronic renal failure [3.39 (2.13-5.42); p<0.001]; elderly [2.09 (1.37-3.19) p<0.001]; diabetics [1.55 (1.04-2.29); p=0.02]; obese 1.56 [(1.01-2.40); p=0.04]: previous stroke [2.01 (1.02-3.96); p=0.04] correlated with higher mortality rates. Conclusion Despite higher mortality rates in some subgroups, significant disparity persists in women, with delays in symptom recognition and prompt thrombolysis. We highlight the applicability of the Killip-Kimball score in prediction, regardless of the clinical presentation.
3.
Effective recommendations towards healthy routines to preserve mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
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Pilz, Luísa K.
; Couto Pereira, Natividade S.
; Francisco, Ana Paula
; Carissimi, Alicia
; Constantino, Débora B.
; Caus, Letícia B.
; Abreu, Ana Carolina O.
; Amando, Guilherme R.
; Bonatto, Fernanda S.
; Carvalho, Paula V.V.
; Cipolla-Neto, José
; Harb, Ana
; Lazzarotto, Gabriela
; Marafiga, Joseane Righes
; Minuzzi, Luciano
; Montagner, Francisco
; Nishino, Fernanda A.
; Oliveira, Melissa A.B.
; dos Santos, Bruno G.T.
; Steibel, Eduardo G.
; Tavares, Patrice S.
; Tonon, André C.
; Xavier, Nicóli B.
; Zanona, Querusche Klippel
; Amaral, Fernanda G.
; Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa
; Frey, Benicio N.
; Hidalgo, Maria Paz
; Idiart, Marco
; Russomano, Thais
.
Objective: To assess the adherence to a set of evidence-based recommendations to support mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its association with depressive and anxiety symptoms. Methods: A team of health workers and researchers prepared the recommendations, formatted into three volumes (1: COVID-19 prevention; 2: Healthy habits; 3: Biological clock and sleep). Participants were randomized to receive only Volume 1 (control), Volumes 1 and 2, Volumes 1 and 3, or all volumes. We used a convenience sample of Portuguese-speaking participants over age 18 years. An online survey consisting of sociodemographic and behavioral questionnaires and mental health instruments (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7]) was administered. At 14 and 28 days later, participants were invited to complete follow-up surveys, which also included questions regarding adherence to the recommendations. A total of 409 participants completed the study – mostly young adult women holding university degrees. Results: The set of recommendations contained in Volumes 2 and 3 was effective in protecting mental health, as suggested by significant associations of adherence with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores (reflecting anxiety and depression symptoms, respectively). Conclusion: The recommendations developed in this study could be useful to prevent negative mental health effects in the context of the pandemic and beyond.
4.
Impact on oral health-quality of life in infants: Multicenter study in Latin American countries
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Paiva, Saul Martins
; Martins, Letícia Pereira
; Bittencourt, Jéssica Madeira
; Alvarez, Licet
; Acevedo, Ana Maria
; Cepeda, Verónica
; Galvez, Carmen Aminta
; Gaberllini, Cassia
; Gudiño, Sylvia
; Martignon, Stefania
; Pérez, Vidal
; Zambrano, Olga
; Zelada, Diana
; Villena, Rita S.
; Salgado, Pablo
; Squassi, Aldo
; Bordoni, Noemi E.
.
Resumo Avaliar o impacto das condições bucais na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) em crianças de dez países da América Latina (AL). Foi realizado um estudo transversal com 930 pares de crianças/pais de 1 a 3 anos de 10 países da AL, como estudo complementar do Research Observatory for Dental Caries of the Latin American Region. A escala ECOHIS, previamente testada e validada em dez países, foi aplicada a pais/cuidadores de crianças para mensurar a QVRSB. A análise estatística incluiu análise descritiva de dados e análise de variância unidirecional (ANOVA-One-Way) para comparar grupos etários com QVRSB. Procedimentos de bootstrapping (1000 reamostragens; 95%IC Bca) foram realizados. A pontuação média da seção 'Impacto na Criança' na AL foi 4,0 (±8,3), na seção ‘Impacto na Família’ foi 2,0 (±4,0) e no escore total do ECOHIS foi 6,0 (±12,0). Na seção 'Impacto na Criança', Argentina 10,0(+2,4) e Venezuela 17,8(±17,5) demonstraram pontuações médias superiores aos dados totais da AL. Na seção ‘Impacto na Família’, os países com pontuações médias mais altas foram Argentina 4,9(±2,0), Equador 2,1(±3,1) e Venezuela 7,9(±7,8). No escore total do ECOHIS, Argentina 15,1 (±4,1) e Venezuela 25,7(±25,2) apresentaram escores médios superiores aos valores de AL. Houve associação entre a idade das crianças e o relato dos pais de impacto na QVRSB (p<0,001). As crianças de três anos tiveram média maior quando comparadas às de um e dois anos, tanto nas seções 'Impacto na Criança' e ‘Impacto na Família’ (p<0,001), quanto no escore total ECOHIS (p<0,001). Em conclusão, houveram diferenças na QVRSB entre os países da América Latina, impactando de forma mais significativa as crianças mais velhas.
Abstract To assess the impact of oral conditions on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in infants in ten Latin America countries (LAC). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 930 pairs of 1-to-3-year-old children/parents from 10 LAC, as a complementary study of the Research Observatory for Dental Caries of the Latin American Region. The scale ECOHIS, previously tested and valid in ten countries, was applied to parents/caregivers of children to measure OHRQoL. Statistical analysis included descriptive data analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA-One-Way) were performed to compare age groups with OHRQoL. Bootstrapping procedures (1000 re-samplings; 95%CI Bca) were performed. The mean scores of the ‘Child Impact’ section in the LAC was 4.0(±8.3), in the ‘Family Impact’ section was 2.0(±4.0), and in overall ECOHIS score was 6.0(±12.0). In the ‘Child Impact’ section, Argentina 10.0(+2.4) and Venezuela 17.8(±17.5) demonstrated mean scores higher than the LAC total data. In the ‘Family Impact’ section, the countries with higher mean scores were Argentina 4.9(±2.0), Ecuador 2.1(±3.1) and Venezuela 7.9(±7.8). In the overall ECOHIS score, Argentina 15.1 (±4.1) and Venezuela 25.7(±25.2) has higher mean scores than the values of LAC. There is an association between children's age and parents' report of impact on the OHRQoL (p<0.001). Three-year-olds had a higher mean when compared to one- and two-year-olds, both in the Impact on the Child and Impact on the Family (p<0.001) sections, as well as in the overall ECOHIS (p<0.001). In conclusion, there are differences in OHRQoL among Latin American countries, impacting older children more significantly.
5.
Chronic inflammatory diseases, subclinical atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular diseases: Design, objectives, and baseline characteristics of a prospective case-cohort study ‒ ELSA-Brasil
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Bensenor, Isabela M.
; Goulart, Alessandra C.
; Pereira, Alexandre C.
; Brunoni, André R.
; Alencar, Airlane
; Santos, Raul D.
; Bittencourt, Márcio S.
; Telles, Rosa W.
; Machado, Luciana Andrade Carneiro
; Barreto, Sandhi Maria
; de Almeida-Pititto, Bianca
; Janovsky, Carolina Porto Silva
; Sgarbi, José Augusto
; Tebar, William R.
; Meneghini, Vandrize
; Barbosa Junior, Fernando
; Ribeiro, Ana Cristina de Medeiros
; Pasoto, Sandra Gofinet
; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.
; Bonfá, Eloísa
; Sipahi, Aytan M.
; Santos, Itamar de S.
; Lotufo, Paulo A.
.
Abstract Objectives This analysis describes the protocol of a study with a case-cohort to design to prospectively evaluate the incidence of subclinical atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Chronic Inflammatory Disease (CID) participants compared to non-diseased ones. Methods A high-risk group for CID was defined based on data collected in all visits on self-reported medical diagnosis, use of medicines, and levels of high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein >10 mg/L. The comparison group is the Aleatory Cohort Sample (ACS): a group with 10% of participants selected at baseline who represent the entire cohort. In both groups, specific biomarkers for DIC, markers of subclinical atherosclerosis, and CVD morbimortality will be tested using weighted Cox. Results The high-risk group (n = 2,949; aged 53.6 ± 9.2; 65.5% women) and the ACS (n=1543; 52.2±8.8; 54.1% women) were identified. Beyond being older and mostly women, participants in the high-risk group present low average income (29.1% vs. 24.8%, p < 0.0001), higher BMI (Kg/m2) (28.1 vs. 26.9, p < 0.0001), higher waist circumference (cm) (93.3 vs. 91, p < 0.0001), higher frequencies of hypertension (40.2% vs. 34.5%, p < 0.0001), diabetes (20.7% vs. 17%, p = 0.003) depression (5.8% vs. 3.9%, p = 0.007) and higher levels of GlycA a new inflammatory marker (p < 0.0001) compared to the ACS. Conclusions The high-risk group selected mostly women, older, lower-income/education, higher BMI, waist circumference, and of hypertension, diabetes, depression, and higher levels of GlycA when compared to the ACS. The strategy chosen to define the high-risk group seems adequate given that multiple sociodemographic and clinical characteristics are compatible with CID.
6.
Seroconversion in asymptomatic COVID-19 pediatric patients with rheumatic diseases of one tertiary referral hospital
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Simon, Juliana R.
; Pereira, Maria F.B.
; Marques, Heloisa H.
; Elias, Adriana M.
; Sakita, Neusa K.
; Ferreira, Juliana C.O.A.
; Precioso, Alexander Roberto
; Grisi, Sandra J.F.E.
; Ferrer, Ana Paula S.
; Bain, Vera
; Silva, Clovis A.
; Campos, Lúcia M.A.
.
Abstract Objectives: To evaluate seroconverted asymptomatic COVID-19 in pediatric Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases (ARDs) patients and to identify the risk factors related to contagion. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in March 2021, before vaccination of children and adolescents in Brazil, including 77 pediatric ARDs patients, followed at a tertiary hospital and 45 healthy controls, all of them without a previous diagnosis of COVID-19. Data was obtained by a questionnaire with demographic data, symptoms compatible with COVID-19 over the previous year, and contact with people with confirmed COVID-19. Patient’s medical records were reviewed to access data regarding disease and current medications. A qualitative immunochromatographic SARS-CoV-2 test was performed on all participants. Results: Patients and controls were similar in terms of female gender (70.1% vs. 57.8%, p = 0.173), age (14 vs. 13 years, p = 0.269) and SARS-CoV-2 positive serology (22% vs. 15.5%, p = 0.481). 80.5% of rheumatic patients were in use of immunosuppressive drugs: 27.3% of them used corticosteroids (33.3% in high doses), and 7.8% on immunobiologicals. No statistical differences were found between positive (n = 17) and negative serology (n = 60) patients regarding demographic/socioeconomic data, contact with people with confirmed COVID-19, use and number of immunosuppressive drugs, use and dose of corticosteroids, use of hydroxychloroquine and immunobiological drugs (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Pediatric rheumatic disease patients were infected at the same rate as healthy ones. Neither the underlying pathology nor its immunosuppressive treatment seemed to interfere with contagion risk.
7.
In vitro activity of Schinus terebinthifolius extract and fractions against Sporothrix brasiliensis
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Almeida-Silva, Fernando
; Bernardes-Engemann, Andrea Reis
; Bérenger, Ana Luiza Rangel
; da Silva, Vagner Pereira
; Figueiredo, Maria Raquel
; Freitas, Dayvison Francis Saraiva
.
BACKGROUND Sporothrix brasiliensis is the causative agent of zoonotic cases of sporotrichosis in Brazil and is associated with atypical and severe presentations in cats, dogs, and humans. Sporotrichosis treatment is usually time- and cost-consuming, sometimes with poor response and host toxicity. Schinus terebinthifolius has proven efficacy against bacteria and fungi of clinical interest. OBJECTIVE To determine the in vitro activity of S. terebinthifolius against S. brasiliensis. METHODS Five S. brasiliensis isolates and three reference strains were subjected to a hydroethanol extract derived from the leaves of S. terebinthifolius and its fractions. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using the broth microdilution method according to the M38-A2 CLSI guidelines. Also, the fungicidal/fungistatic activity of the extract and fractions was studied. FINDINGS The crude extract of S. terebinthifolius inhibited the growth of S. brasiliensis (MIC: 0.5-1.0 µg/mL), while the partitioned extracts dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol demonstrated growth inhibition at 8 µg/mL due to a fungistatic activity. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Due to its in vitro efficacy against S. brasiliensis and its known pharmacological safety, S. terebinthifolius is a candidate to be tested using in vivo models of sporotrichosis.
8.
Effect of saline water and shading on dragon fruit (‘pitaya’) seedling growth
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Sousa, Geocleber G. de
; Sousa, Sinara B.
; Pereira, Ana C. da S.
; Marques, Virna B.
; Silva, Maria L. G. da
; Lopes, Jayrla da S.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
- Métricas do periódico
RESUMO ‘ Pitaya’ (Hylocereus undatus) é um cacto trepador, frutífera com grande potencial de alimento para região semiárida. Objetivou-se avaliar a produção de mudas de ‘pitaya’ irrigadas com água de baixa e alta salinidade e cultivadas em diferentes tipos de ambientes. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 × 2, sendo duas condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação: S1 - 0,3 dS m-1 (baixa salinidade) e S2 - 5,0 dS m-1 (salinidade moderada), em dois ambientes: A1 - telado preto com 50% de sombreamento e A2 - pleno sol, com 10 repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da planta, diâmetro do caule principal, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca da raiz, massa seca total da planta, número de brotos secundários, comprimento de raiz e comprimento dos brotos secundários. O telado preto com 50% de sombreamento proporcionou maior altura de planta, número de brotos secundários e comprimento de raiz de plantas de ‘pitaya’. A irrigação com água de salinidade moderada (5,0 dS m-1) reduz o número de brotos secundários, e comprimento da raiz e dos cladódios secundários. As mudas de ‘pitaya’ cultivadas sob 50% de sombreamento (telado preto) apresentaram maior biomassa seca de raiz quando irrigadas com água de baixa salinidade. Foram observados maiores valores do diâmetro do cladódio primário, da biomassa seca acima do solo e da biomassa seca total sob luz plena do sol e elevado estresse salino.
ABSTRACT ‘Pitaya’ (Hylocereus undatus) is a fruit-bearing, climbing cactus with great food potential for the semiarid region. This study aimed to evaluate the production of ‘pitaya’ seedlings irrigated with low and high salinity water and grown in different light intensities. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with two electrical conductivities of irrigation water: S1 - 0.3 dS m-1 (low salinity) and S2 - 5.0 dS m-1 (moderate salinity) in two environments: A1 - black net with 50% shading, and A2 - full sun, with ten replicates. The variables evaluated were plant height, main cladode diameter, above-ground biomass, root biomass, total plant biomass, number of secondary cladodes, root length, and length of secondary cladodes. The 50% shading (black net) promoted higher plant height, number of secondary shoots, and root length of the ‘pitaya’ plants. The irrigation with moderate saline water (5.0 dS m-1) reduced the number of secondary cladodes, length of root, and length of secondary cladodes. The ‘pitaya’ seedlings grown under 50% shading (black net) showed greater root dry biomass when irrigated with low-salinity water. Greater values of diameter of the primary cladode, above-ground dry biomass, and total dry biomass were observed under full sunlight and elevated saline stress.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n8p547-552
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9.
Trypanocidal Activity and Increased Solubility of Benznidazole Incorporated in PEG 4000 and Its Derivatives
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Sousa, Lucas R. D.
; Azevedo, Maria Luíza S.
; Rocha, Dayana F.
; Andrade, Ângela L.
; Amparo, Tatiane R.
; Santos, Orlando D. H. dos
; Seibert, Janaína B.
; Pereira, Luciano R.
; Vieira, Paula M. A.
; Carneiro, Cláudia M.
; Barboza, Ana Paula M.
; Neves, Bernardo R. A.
; Sales Jr., Policarpo A.
; Murta, Silvane M. F.
; Novack, Kátia M.
; Santos, Viviane M. R. dos
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas do periódico
Selecting a polymer depends on its characteristics, the properties of the drug and of the remaining ingredients in the formulation. The drug, when incorporated into a polymeric matrix, can show several advantages when compared with its conventional form. In this context, this work describes the preparation and characterization of polyethylene glycol (PEG 4000) and its derivative particles loaded with benznidazole, as well as evaluates their trypanocidal activity. In this work, reactions to modify the PEG 4000 polymer and the subsequent incorporation of the benznidazole were made. The nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis confirmed the efficiency in modifying the PEG chains. The morphology of polymeric films was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and showed considerable changes on the film organization. The acetylation of PEG favored the stability of the system and an increase in the zeta potential from ?14.83 to ?25.54 mV was observed. Although encapsulation efficiency values between 30.14 and 39.48% were found, the enhanced benznidazole dissolution profile by microparticles enables the use of lower drug concentrations. This fact can be proven by the increased trypanocidal effect of benznidazole when encapsulated in BP3 microparticles. Finally, the high selectivity of the formulations for trypanocidal action guarantees their safety as an alternative for the treatment of the Chagas disease.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210017
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10.
Endemic Atlantic Forest species of Caryophyllales as inhibitors of viral infection in zucchini
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Pereira, Marcos Vinicius M
; Alexandre, Maria Amélia V
; Chaves, Alexandre Levi R
; Souza, Ana Cláudia O de
; Bernacci, Luís Carlos
; Nagai, Alice
; Santos, Déborah Yara AC dos
; Duarte, Lígia Maria L
.
RESUMO No Brasil, a abobrinha-de-moita (Cucurbita pepo L.) é uma olerícola de importância socioeconômica que tem sofrido prejuízos crescentes, devido principalmente aos danos causados pela infecção pelo zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Embora a ocorrência do cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) seja menos frequente, em plantas de C. pepo ‘Caserta’ ele pode causar sintomas como mosqueado, mosaico, distorção de folhas e frutos, além de redução do desenvolvimento das plantas. Para minimizar o prejuízo, a medida de manejo mais utilizada é a aplicação preventiva, porém ineficiente, de inseticidas, visando ao controle da população de afídeos, vetores desses vírus. Assim, a busca por formas de controle ambientalmente menos danosas tem sido alvo de investigação. Este estudo visou avaliar a ação de extratos foliares de espécies nativas de Caryophyllales, como inibidoras da infecção pelo CMV e ZYMV em C. pepo e como indutoras de resistência. Extratos de folhas frescas (EFs) de Guapira opposita, Pisonia ambigua (Nyctaginaceae), Gallesia integrifolia e Seguieria langsdorffii (Phytolaccaceae), previamente avaliados no patossistema tobacco mosaic virus / Nicotiana glutinosa, foram submetidos a diluições progressivas e pulverizados em folhas cotiledonares de C. pepo, 30 min antes da inoculação com o CMV e ZYMV. EFs de G. integrifolia não induziram qualquer inibição em nenhum dos patossistemas. EFs de G. opposita induziram inibição da infecção das plantas inoculadas com o ZYMV inferior a 50%. Na concentração de 1:40, inibiu a infecção das plantas pelo CMV em 70%. Como os extratos foliares de P. ambigua e S. langsdorffii induziram altas porcentagens de inibição, essas espécies foram selecionadas para avaliação de indução de resistência, em experimentos de pré-tratamentos. Os EFs inibiram a infecção de ZYMV e CMV em C. pepo, quando aplicados até 48 h antes da inoculação. Os EFs de S. langsdorffii e G. opposita, também testada para esse sistema, foram eficientes quando aplicados até 72 h antes da inoculação do CMV. Constatou-se que os EFs podem ser preparados a partir de folhas secas e mantidos a -20°C por, pelo menos três anos, conservando a sua atividade inibidora. Esses resultados expandem as possibilidades de manejo das principais viroses da abobrinha-de-moita, de maneira sustentável, sem causar danos ao ambiente, aos produtores e aos consumidores.
ABSTRACT In Brazil, zucchini (Cucurbita pepo) is a socioeconomically important vegetable affected by damage caused primarily by zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV). Although the occurrence of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is less frequent, in C. pepo ‘Caserta’ plants it can cause symptoms such as mottle, mosaic, leaf and fruit distortion, as well as reduced plant development. To minimize the damage, the most widely used management technique is the preventive, albeit inefficient, application of insecticides, aimed at controlling aphids, the vectors of this virus. Thus, the search for more effective and less environmentally harmful control methods has been the target of investigations. The purpose of the present study was to assess the action of the extracts of four native Caryophyllales species, as inhibitors of infection by CMV and ZYMV in C. pepo, in addition to evaluating the possible induced resistance in this species. Fresh leaf extracts (LEs) of Guapira opposita, Pisonia ambigua (Nyctaginaceae), Gallesia integrifolia and Seguieria langsdorffii (Phytolaccaceae), previously assessed in the tobacco mosaic virus / Nicotiana glutinosa pathosystem, were submitted to progressive dilutions sprayed on cotyledonary C. pepo leaves 30 min before inoculation with CMV and ZYMV. Leaf extracts of G. integrifolia did not induce inhibition in any of the pathosystems assessed. Guapira opposita LEs inhibited the infection of plants inoculated with ZYMV below 50% but inhibited CMV infection by 70% at a concentration of 1:40. Given that leaf extracts of P. ambigua and S. langsdorffii induced high percentage inhibition, evident in the number of asymptomatic plants and confirmed by serological tests, these species were selected to assess induced resistance in pre-treatment experiments. The LEs were efficient in inhibiting ZYMV and CMV infection in C. pepo when applied up to 48 h before inoculation. The LEs of S. langsdorffii and G. opposita, also tested for this system, were efficient when applied up to 72 h before CMV inoculation. The LEs can be prepared from dry leaves and maintained at -20°C for at least three years, conserving their inhibitory activity. These results expand the possibilities for producers and consumers alike in the sustainable management of the main zucchini viruses, without damaging the environment.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-0536-20210204
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11.
The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA
; BACCARO, FABRICIO
; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA
; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA
; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA
; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS
; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO
; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.
; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO
; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS
; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.
; AKAMA, ALBERTO
; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO
; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES
; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA
; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA
; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA
; PENHA, JERRY
; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE
; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA
; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA
; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.
; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.
; MENIN, MARCELO
; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA
; ARAGÓN, SUSAN
; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO
; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO
; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E
; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA
; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO
; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA
; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS
; ANDRÉ, THIAGO
; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA
; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA
; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE
; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.
; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN
; MARQUES, RENATO
; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.
; SILVEIRA, MARCOS
; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA
; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA
; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE
; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM
; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA
; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON
; OKI, YUMI
; NOVAIS, SAMUEL
; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA
; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES
; OCHOA, ANA C.
; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.
; GATICA, AILIN
; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA
; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ
; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.
; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.
; NEME, ANDREA M.
; RUEDA, CARLA
; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE
; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS
; VALE, MARIANA M.
; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS
; CERQUEIRA, RUI
; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU
; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE
; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA
; BANHOS, AUREO
; HERO, JEAN-MARC
; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO
; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA
; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO
; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.
; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES
; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI
; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI
; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS
; FONTANA, CARLA S.
; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.
; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.
; RUEDA, MARTA P.
; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.
; PALOMO, LUCAS
; ITURRE, MARTA C.
; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY
; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.
.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
- Métricas do periódico
Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604
1034 downloads
12.
Prevalence of nasal carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in primary health care units in Brazil
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Goes, Isabella Carolina Rodrigues dos Santos
; Romero, Letícia Calixto
; Turra, Ana Julia
; Gotardi, Maria Angélica
; Rodrigues, Talyssa Fernandes Silva de Oliveira
; Santos, Lalessa de Oliveira
; Dores, Jéssica Cristina das
; Nascimento, Michel Ulloffo do
; Cavalleri, Andressa Côrtes
; Pinheiro-Hubinger, Luiza
; Eller, Lizziane Kretli Winkelstroter
; Pereira, Valéria Cataneli
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Métricas do periódico
ABSTRACT Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus by healthcare workers is of great clinical importance as it facilitates the contamination of medical devices and cross-transmission. However, studies regarding the epidemiology and dissemination of S. aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) within the Primary Health Care in Brazil are scarce. The current study aimed to detect and characterize S. aureus and MRSA strains from the nasal cavities of 63 healthcare working in primary health care units in order to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA, biofilm formation and resistance profile of these isolates. PCR reactions were performed for detecting mecA, icaA and icaD genes. The phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed by the disk diffusion method and biofilm formation by the Congo Red Agar (CRA) method. The MRSA isolates were typed for the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec). The prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus was 74.6%, of which 72.3% were MRSA carrying SCCmec type I (24.4%), III (34.1%), IV (36.6%). Two (4.9%) isolates presented a non-typeable cassette by the performed technique. The antimicrobial susceptibility evaluation evidenced penicillin resistance in 66.1% of S. aureus, erythromycin resistance in 49.2%, while 37.3% were resistant to oxacillin, 28.8% to cefoxitin, 5.1% to levofloxacin and 5.1% to clindamycin. All isolates were biofilm producers and 96.6% of the strains contained the ica biofilm-forming genes (icaA and/or icaD). We have demonstrated a high prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA carriage among health care working in Primary Health Care units, the presence of SCCmec types I, III and IV, in addition to their high ability to form biofilm, factors that possibly contribute to the dissemination and persistence of these pathogens within the primary care services. These observations highlight the importance of broadening the perspective of Health Care-Associated Infections prevention, including all health care levels, which are currently little explored. In addition, the dynamics and resistance mechanisms of S. aureus transmission still need to be further clarified to enable the implementation of more effective prevention measures.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202163014
661 downloads
13.
Seed priming improves Salvia hispanica L. seed performance under salt stress
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Costa, Ana Alessandra da
; Paiva, Emanoela Pereira de
; Torres, Salvador Barros
; Neta, Maria Lilia de Souza
; Pereira, Kleane Targino de Oliveira
; Leite, Moadir de Sousa
; Sá, Francisco Vanies da Silva
.
ABSTRACT Salvia hispanica L. is an alternative crop cultivated by farmers who want to diversify their production. However, this species is sensitive to salinity, which affects its germination negatively. Seed priming with different attenuators is a technique with potential to mitigate the effects of salt stress. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of seed priming with the use of different attenuators on the germination, growth, and organic solute accumulation of S. hispanica seedlings under salt stress. The experimental design was completely randomized, with treatments distributed in a 4 × 5 factorial scheme, corresponding to four seed priming treatments and five osmotic potentials, with four replicates of 50 seeds in each treatment. The seed treatments consisted of presoaking seeds for 4h in salicylic acid, gibberellic acid, and distilled water and the control treatment, which did not involve soaking. These seeds were germinated at osmotic potentials of 0.0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3, and -0.4 MPa, using NaCl as an osmotic agent to simulate the different salinity levels. Among all the treatments implemented, S. hispanica seed priming with salicylic acid was the most efficient in mitigating the salt stress effects.
https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v43i1.52006
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14.
COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves
; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi
; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira
; Panis, Carolina
; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos
; Ferrasa, Adriano
; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço
; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de
; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco
; Ramão, Anelisa
; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter
; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen
; Chin, Chung Man
; Paula, Daniel de
; Rech, Daniel
; Gradia, Daniela Fiori
; Malheiros, Danielle
; Venturini, Danielle
; Tavares, Eliandro Reis
; Carraro, Emerson
; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca
; Pereira, Evani Marques
; Tuon, Felipe Francisco
; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla
; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves
; Volpato, Hélito
; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos
; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de
; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva
; Santos, Jean Leandro dos
; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila
; Brandi, Juliana Cristina
; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara
; Bonini, Juliana Sartori
; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de
; Fiorentin, Karine
; Lucio, Léia Carolina
; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla
; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante
; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi
; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes
; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo
; Arbex, Marcos Abdo
; Pileggi, Marcos
; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara
; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos
; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes
; Amarante, Marla Karine
; Khalil, Najeh Maissar
; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de
; Herai, Roberto H.
; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi
; Shinsato, Rogério N.
; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara
; Giuliatti, Silvana
; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie
; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros
; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério
; Silva, Weber Claudio da
; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza
; Valente, Valeria
; Soares, Christiane Pienna
; Cavalli, Luciane Regina
; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo
.
Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.
15.
Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19: A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital
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Fink, Thais T.
; Marques, Heloisa H.S.
; Gualano, Bruno
; Lindoso, Livia
; Bain, Vera
; Astley, Camilla
; Martins, Fernanda
; Matheus, Denise
; Matsuo, Olivia M.
; Suguita, Priscila
; Trindade, Vitor
; Paula, Camila S.Y.
; Farhat, Sylvia C.L.
; Palmeira, Patricia
; Leal, Gabriela N.
; Suzuki, Lisa
; Odone Filho, Vicente
; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda
; Duarte, Alberto José S.
; Antonangelo, Leila
; Batisttella, Linamara R.
; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.
; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.
; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto R.
; Buchpiguel, Carlos A.
; Latronico, Ana Claudia
; Seelaender, Marilia
; Silva, Clovis Artur
; Pereira, Maria Fernanda B.
; Sallum, Adriana M. E.
; Brentani, Alexandra V. M.
; Neto, Álvaro José S.
; Ihara, Amanda
; Santos, Andrea R.
; Canton, Ana Pinheiro M.
; Watanabe, Andreia
; Santos, Angélica C. dos
; Pastorino, Antonio C.
; Franco, Bernadette D. G. M.
; Caruzo, Bruna
; Ceneviva, Carina
; Martins, Carolina C. M. F.
; Prado, Danilo
; Abellan, Deipara M.
; Benatti, Fabiana B.
; Smaria, Fabiana
; Gonçalves, Fernanda T.
; Penteado, Fernando D.
; Castro, Gabriela S. F. de
; Gonçalves, Guilherme S.
; Roschel, Hamilton
; Disi, Ilana R.
; Marques, Isabela G.
; Castro, Inar A.
; Buscatti, Izabel M.
; Faiad, Jaline Z.
; Fiamoncini, Jarlei
; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.
; Carneiro, Jorge D. A.
; Paz, Jose A.
; Ferreira, Juliana C.
; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.
; Silva, Katia R.
; Bastos, Karina L. M.
; Kozu, Katia
; Cristofani, Lilian M.
; Souza, Lucas V. B.
; Campos, Lucia M. A.
; Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente R. F.
; Sapienza, Marcelo T.
; Lima, Marcos S.
; Garanito, Marlene P.
; Santos, Márcia F. A.
; Dorna, Mayra B.
; Aikawa, Nadia E.
; Litvinov, Nadia
; Sakita, Neusa K.
; Gaiolla, Paula V. V.
; Pasqualucci, Paula
; Toma, Ricardo K.
; Correa-Silva, Simone
; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.
; Imamura, Marta
; Forsait, Silvana
; Santos, Vera A.
; Zheng, Yingying
.
OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate demographic, anthropometric and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) METHODS: This was a longitudinal observational study of surviving pediatric post-COVID-19 patients (n=53) and pediatric subjects without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 included as controls (n=52) was performed. RESULTS: The median duration between COVID-19 diagnosis (n=53) and follow-up was 4.4 months (0.8-10.7). Twenty-three of 53 (43%) patients reported at least one persistent symptom at the longitudinal follow-up visit and 12/53 (23%) had long COVID-19, with at least one symptom lasting for >12 weeks. The most frequently reported symptoms at the longitudinal follow-up visit were headache (19%), severe recurrent headache (9%), tiredness (9%), dyspnea (8%), and concentration difficulty (4%). At the longitudinal follow-up visit, the frequencies of anemia (11% versus 0%, p=0.030), lymphopenia (42% versus 18%, p=0.020), C-reactive protein level of >30 mg/L (35% versus 0%, p=0.0001), and D-dimer level of >1000 ng/mL (43% versus 6%, p=0.0004) significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chest X-ray abnormalities (11% versus 2%, p=0.178) and cardiac alterations on echocardiogram (33% versus 22%, p=0.462) were similar at both visits. Comparison of characteristic data between patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit and controls showed similar age (p=0.962), proportion of male sex (p=0.907), ethnicity (p=0.566), family minimum monthly wage (p=0.664), body mass index (p=0.601), and pediatric pre-existing chronic conditions (p=1.000). The Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory 4.0 scores, median physical score (69 [0-100] versus 81 [34-100], p=0.012), and school score (60 [15-100] versus 70 [15-95], p=0.028) were significantly lower in pediatric patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed a longitudinal impact on HRQoL parameters, particularly in physical/school domains, reinforcing the need for a prospective multidisciplinary approach for these patients. These data highlight the importance of closer monitoring of children and adolescents by the clinical team after COVID-19.
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