RESUMO Introdução As doenças do foro cardiovascular são a principal causa de morte em Portugal e os Scores de Risco Cardiovascular são muito úteis na prevenção primária destas patologias. A prevenção do desenvolvimento e/ou progressão de patologias com elevada morbilidade e mortalidade para os trabalhadores pode estar incluída nas atividades desenvolvidas pela Saúde Ocupacional, no sentido de preservar a saúde e bem-estar dos trabalhadores. Objetivos O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o Risco Cardiovascular dos trabalhadores de um Centro Hospitalar no intervalo de tempo entre 2011 e 2021. Metodologia O Risco Cardiovascular foi avaliado através do SCORE-2. Foram selecionados os trabalhadores que mantiveram funções laborais no Centro Hospitalar durante todo o período em análise. Os critérios de exclusão do SCORE-2 incluem patologia cardiovascular prévia, Diabetes mellitus, idade inferior a 40 anos ou superior a 69 anos. O SCORE-2 usa informações de pressão arterial, perfil lipídico, sexo, idade e hábitos alcoólicos. Resultados Selecionaram-se 345 trabalhadores. O valor mediano do risco cardiovascular dos trabalhadores em 2021 (Mediana=2,215%; IQR - InterQuartile Range/Amplitude Interquartil=3,0%) foi significativamente superior ao de 2011 (M=1,273%; IQR=1,8%). O risco cardiovascular em 2021 dos trabalhadores do Departamento de Gestão (M=3.173%; IQR=4.6%) foi superior ao dos trabalhadores do Departamento Médico (M=1.958%; IQR=1.9%). Não se encontraram diferenças significativas do risco cardiovascular dos trabalhadores segundo o seu grupo profissional, em 2011 [X2(7)=7,580; p>0,05] e em 2021 [X2(7)=7,427; p>0,05]. Não se encontraram diferenças significativas do risco cardiovascular dos trabalhadores segundo as suas habilitações literárias, em 2011 [X2(5)=3,412; p>0,05] e em 2021 [X2(5)=2,895; p>0,05]. Conclusões O conhecimento das características da população trabalhadora permite o desenvolvimento de planos personalizados, tendo em conta estilos de vida saudáveis, a fim de diminuir o Risco Cardiovascular destes trabalhadores. Com estes planos orientados para a diminuição do Risco Cardiovascular global da população de trabalhadores e das suas consequências na sua saúde, prevê-se uma redução do absentismo por doença, uma melhoria da qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores, um incremento na sua produtividade e consequente melhoria dos serviços prestados pela entidade empregadora.

ABSTRACT Introduction The cardiovascular diseases are the main death cause in Portugal and Cardiovascular Risk Scores are very useful to the primary prevention of these diseases. Prevention of the development and progression of diseases with high morbidity and mortality to the workers can be work out by Occupational Health, in the sense of preserving workers’ health and wellbeing. Objectives The aim of this study is to evaluate the Cardiovascular Risk of the workers of a Hospital Centre in the interval between 2011 till 2021. Methods The Cardiovascular Risk was evaluated by using SCORE-2. Workers were selected only if they worked through the entirety of this interval in this Hospital Centre. The SCORE-2’s exclusion criteria include previous cardiovascular disease, Diabetes mellitus, age lower than 40 years or higher than 69 years. SCORE-2 uses data from blood pressure, lipid panel, sex, age and tobacco use. Results There were selected 345 workers. The median cardiovascular risk of the workers in 2021 (Median=2,215%; InterQuartile Range=3,0%) was significatively higher than the cardiovascular risk of 2011 (M=1,273%; IQR=1,8%). The cardiovascular risk in 2021 of the workers from Administrative Department (M=3.173%; IQR=4.6%) was significatively higher than workers from Medical Department (M=1.958%; IQR=1.9%). There were no significant differences found of the workers’ cardiovascular risk among the professional group in 2011 [X2(7)=7,580; p>0,05] and in 2021 [X2(7)=7,427; p>0,05]. There were no significant differences found of the workers’ cardiovascular risk among the educational background in 2011 [X2(5)=3,412; p>0,05] and in 2021 [X2(5)=2,895; p>0,05]. Conclusions Knowledge about the working population characteristics allows the development of personalized planning regarding healthy lifestyles, to reduce the Cardiovascular Risk of these workers. With these plans designed to reduce the global Cardiovascular Risk of the working population and its consequences on their health, is predicted a reduction in sickness absenteeism, an improvement in the workers’ quality of life, better performance and consequently better services provided by the employer.

ABSTRACT The use of fire in a controlled way in vegetation can provide positive results, however, it can spread in an uncontrolled way in the area, causing damage in the most diverse aspects. The objective of this research was to evaluate the burning characteristics of species found in the immediate geographical region of Patos when submitted to the action of fire. 10 treatments were evaluated with 3 repetitions, consisting of combustible material from the Caatinga. These materials were collected in 60 kg nylon bags and air-dried for subsequent burning. Flame height and temperature, ignition time and frequency, propagation speed, burning duration, fire intensity and the ash content were evaluated. In the speed of propagation of the flames, we identified statistical superiority of Aristida adscensionis with 0.0335 m s-1, and also in the intensity of the fire, in which 402.43 kcal m-1s-1 were responsible for the classification in very high severity. The maximum burning duration was found in the Anadenanthera colubrina plots, with an average of 24 min. The Mimosa tenuiflora obtained the lowest wood ash content, which is favorable for its energy potential. Cnidoscolus quercifolius is a species of low flammability, in view of the difficulty in igniting and maintaining combustion. Places with the abundant presence of Aristida adscensionis should be monitored frequently for the risk of occurrence of fires, especially in times conditions such as high air temperature and low humidity favorable to the occurrence of fire.

RESUMO O uso do fogo de forma controlada pode fornecer resultados positivos, no entanto, o fogo pode se propagar de forma descontrolada na área, provocando danos nos mais diversos aspectos. O objetivo da pesquisa consistiu em avaliar as características de queima de espécies encontradas na região geográfica imediata de Patos/PB quando submetidas à ação do fogo. Foram avaliadas dez espécies em três repetições, que consistiam no material combustível de espécies encontradas na Caatinga. Esses materiais foram coletados em sacos de náilon de 60 kg e secos ao ar para posterior queima. Avaliaram -se a altura e temperatura das chamas; tempo e frequência de ignição; velocidade de propagação; duração da queima; intensidade do fogo e teor de cinzas. Na velocidade de propagação das chamas identificou-se superioridade da Aristida adscensionis com 0,0335 m s-1, assim como na intensidade do fogo, em que seus 402,43 kcal m-1 s-1 foram responsáveis pela classificação em muito alta severidade. A máxima duração da queima foi encontrada na Anadenanthera colubrina, com 24 min. A Mimosa tenuiflora obteve o menor teor de cinzas, o que é favorável para seu potencial energético. A Cnidoscolus quercifolius é uma espécie de baixa inflamabilidade, tendo em vista a dificuldade de entrar em ignição. Locais com presença abundante de Aristida adscensionis devem ser monitorados frequentemente para o risco de ocorrência de incêndios, principalmente em épocas que condições como a elevada temperatura do ar e baixa umidade favorecem à ocorrência do fogo.

ABSTRACT The Caatinga biome has plant and animal species that have developed mechanisms that allow them to resist the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region. Therefore, this work identified the phytosociological composition of a fragment of caatinga forest located at the rural community of Mocambo de Baixo, in the municipality of Patos-PB, Brazil, and analyzed the potentialities of the tree component by means of a forest inventory, considering the density, frequency, dominance, cover and importance values of the tree species, and the Shannon-Weaver and the Pielou equability index values of the adult and regenerating tree communities. A total of 1402 individuals were found: 534 adult, 510 regenerating and 358 dead plants. There were 10 species, 10 genera and 06 families of adult individuals, and 08 species, 08 genera and 05 families for the regenerating plants. The most expressive botanical families of adult or regenerating plants were Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Fabaceae. Densities of 953.7 and 910.7 ind.ha-1 were found for adult and regenerant plants, respectively. The highest values of tree cover and importance were estimated for Aspidosperma pyrifolium. The Shannon- Waever and the Pielou equability index values were 1.38 and 0.60, respectively. Adult individuals were most abundant in class I for diameter (1.9 cm < D < 4.4 cm) and height (1.4 m < H < 3.4 m), and regeneranting plants were most abundant in class II (H > 1 m). The estimated volume of stacked wood averaged approximately 38 st.ha-1..

RESUMO O bioma Caatinga possui espécies vegetais e animais que desenvolveram mecanismos que as permitem resistir às condições edafoclimáticas da região. Diante disso, este trabalho identificou a composição florística de um fragmento de uma floresta de Caatinga na comunidade rural Mocambo de Baixo, município de Patos – PB, Brasil, e analisou as potencialidades do componente vegetal arbóreo através de inventário florestal, considerando os parâmetros de densidade, frequência, dominância, valor de cobertura e valor de importância das espécies arbóreas, e os índices de diversidade de Shannon-Weaver e de equabilidade de Pielou das comunidades de indivíduos adultos e regenerantes de espécies arbóreas. Foi constatado um total de 1402 indivíduos: 534 adultos, 510 regenerantes e 358 mortos. Foram verificadas 10 espécies, 10 gêneros e 06 famílias de indivíduos adultos, e 08 espécies, 08 gêneros e 05 famílias para os regenerantes. As famílias botânicas com maior expressividade entre os indivíduos adultos ou regenerantes foram Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae e Fabaceae. Foram encontradas densidades de 953,7 e 910,7 ind.ha-1 para adultos e regenerantes, respectivamente. Os maiores valores de cobertura e de importância foram obtidos por Aspidosperma pyrifolium. Os valores estimados para os índices de Shannon-Weaver e de equabilidade de Pielou foram 1,38 e 0,60, respectivamente. Os indivíduos adultos se concentraram na classe I de diâmetro (1,9 cm < D < 4,4 cm) e altura (1,4 m < H < 3,4 m), e entre os regenerantes, a maior quantidade foi observada na classe II (H > 1 m). O valor estimado do volume empilhado médio de madeira foi de 38 st.ha-1.

ABSTRACT Native species planted in areas previously occupied by degraded pasture can play an important role in biomass supply and atmospheric carbon sequestration. Evaluating the performance of native species in different planting spacings becomes important for forestry and the management of new species with economic potential. Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum is a non-traditional species in the southeastern region of Brazil and it was established in pasture areas to evaluate growth, biomass, and carbon stock. Five planting spacings (3 m x 2 m, 3 m x 3 m, 4 m x 3 m, 4 m x 4 m, and 5 m x 5 m, in monoculture) were tested in 9 experimental plots. The biomass of the shoot and root, as well as the carbon content, were obtained by the direct method. The biomass varied 31.4 and 52.9 kg tree-1 in the spacing 3 m x 2 m and 5 m x 5 m, respectively. The greater carbon stock was observed in the lower spacing (19.43 Mg ha-1), 50% higher than in the larger spacing. The spacing did not influence the biomass and carbon stock in the roots per unit area. The performance of the species should be monitored at advanced ages given the different responses to planting spacing and competition between plants.

RESUMO Espécies nativas plantadas em locais anteriormente ocupados por pastagem degradada podem desempenhar um papel importante no suprimento de biomassa e no sequestro de carbono atmosférico. Avaliar o desempenho das espécies nativas em diferentes espaçamentos de plantio se torna importante para a silvicultura e o manejo de novas espécies com potencial econômico. Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum é uma espécie não tradicional na região sudeste do Brasil, e foi estabelecida em área de pastagem com objetivo de avaliar o crescimento, a biomassa e o estoque de carbono. Foram testados cinco espaçamentos de plantio em monocultivo (3 m x 2 m, 3 m x 3 m, 4 m x 3 m, 4 m x 4 m e 5 m x 5 m) com 9 parcelas experimentais. A biomassa da parte aérea e radicular, bem como o teor de carbono foram obtidos por meio do método direto. A biomassa variou 31.4 and 52.9 kg árvore-1 nos espaçamentos 3 m x 2 m e 5 m x 5 m, repectivamente. O maior estoque de carbono foi observado no espaçamento mais adensado (19.43 Mg ha-1), sendo 50% maior do que no espaçamento menos adensado. O espaçamento não influenciou a biomassa e o estoque de carbono nas raízes por unidade de área. O desempenho da espécie deveria ser monitorado em idades avançadas dado as diferentes respostas ao espaçamento de plantio e competição entre plantas.

Resumen Syagrus schizophylla es una especie de palmera ornamental en peligro de extinción. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar los aspectos fisiológicos del crecimiento y la calidad de las plantas producidas bajo gradientes de luz. Los tratamientos de gradientes de luz fueron: G1 - PAR = 1234.10 μmol fotones m-2 s-1, G2 - PAR = 913.16 μmol fotones m-2 s-1, G3 - PAR = 666.34 μmol fotones m-2 s-1), G4 - PAR = 419,56 μmol fotones m-2 s-1 y G5 - PAR = 534,77 μmol fotones m-2 s-1. Antes de aplicar los tratamientos y a los tres, cinco y siete meses de tratamiento, se analizaron la altura de la planta, diámetro del collar, número de hojas, largo del pecíolo, largo y ancho de la hoja), intercambio gaseso, fluorescencia de la clorofila a y color verde de la hoja. Las tasas fotosintéticas netas más altas se observaron en plantas bajo G2, G3 y G4. Em G2 se observaron valores de Fv/Fm superiores a 0,75. En el séptimo mes, los valores estimados del índice SPAD fueron 36 en plantas bajo G2 y 32 en plantas bajo G1. El mejor crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas se observó en G2 de acuerdo con DQI que muestra que este gradiente debe usarse para plantas destinadas al campo, mientras que G3 sería mejor para plantas destinadas a entornos sombríos.

Abstract This research studied growth and yield of Syagrus schizophylla, an extinction-endangered ornamental palm, grown under five light gradients. The treatments were: G1 - PAR=1234.10 μmol photons m-2 s-1, G2 - PAR=913.16 μmol photons m-2 s-1, G3 - PAR=666.34 μmol photons m-2 s-1, G4 - PAR=419.56 μmol photons m-2 s-1 and G5 - PAR=534.77 μmol photons m-2s-1. Before the experiment and at three, five and seven months of treatment, growth (plant height, collar diameter, number of leaves, petiole length, leaf length and width), gas exchange, chlorophyll a, and leaf green color intensity were assessed. The highest net photosynthetic rates were observed in plants under G2, G3 and G4. Values of maximum quantum efficiency (F v /F m ) over 0.75 were observed under G2. At seven months, estimated SPAD values were 36 in G2 plants and 32 in G1 plants. According to the Dickson quality index (DQI), presented the highest growth and development rates. We conclude that G2 suits plants to be transplanted into the field, whereas G3 would be best for plants grown under shade environments.

Abstract Associations are non-profit organizations with the purpose of defending collective interests, developing economic activities and impacting and transforming people's lives. However, they present management difficulties, especially with respect to costs, because their accounting practice is still underdeveloped. A costing tool is essential in any type of organization and, in this context, this work sought, through quantitative research and through the Activity-Based Costing method, to measure the management costs of a women's association that works in the handcraft production of coconut sweets. The case study was developed in an association, located in the city of Lucena- PB-BR, which manufactures two types of coconut sweets: traditional and cut. Data collection was carried out using observation, document analysis and interviews. The results showed that the association needs to formalize its Production Planning and Control, in order to produce more efficiently. Fifty-two micro-activities were identified, 77% of which were considered to add value to products. The analysis of the management cost of the production showed that traditional sweets generate profits, while cut sweets imply a loss for the association. JEL: D24, L66, M11.

Resumen Las asociaciones civiles son organizaciones sin fines de lucro cuyo propósito es defender intereses colectivos, desarrollar actividades económicas e impactar y transformar la vida de las personas. Presentan dificultades en relación a la gestión, especialmente con respecto a los costos, porque su práctica contable está todavía poco desarrollada. Una herramienta de costeo resulta esencial en cualquier organización y, en este contexto, este trabajo buscó, mediante una investigación cuantitativa y a través del método de Costeo Basado en Actividades, medir los costos de gestión de una Asociación de Mujeres que trabaja en la producción artesanal de dulces de coco. El estudio de caso se desarrolló en una asociación, en la ciudad de Lucena- PB-BR, que fabrica dos tipos de dulces de coco: tradicionales y de corte. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la técnica de observación, análisis de documentos y entrevistas. Los resultados mostraron que la asociación necesita formalizar su planificación y control de la producción, para poder producir de manera más eficiente. Se identificaron 52 microactividades, el 77% agregan valor a los productos. El análisis del costo de los productos mostró que los dulces tradicionales presentan ganancias, mientras que los dulces de corte implican una pérdida para la asociación. JEL: D24, L66, M11.

Résumé Les associations civiles sont des organisations à but non lucratif dont l’objectif est de défendre les intérêts collectifs, développer des activités économiques et d'impacter et transformer la vie des gens. Cependant, ils présentent des difficultés en matière de management, notamment en matière de coûts, car leur pratique comptable est encore sous-développée. Un outil des coûts est essentiel dans une organisation et, dans ce contexte, le travail a exploré, par une recherche quantitative et par la méthode ABC, à mesurer les coûts de gestion d'une association féminine qui travaille dans la production artisanale de bonbons à la noix de coco. L'étude de cas a été développée dans une association, dans Lucena-PB-BR, qui fabrique deux types de bonbons: traditionnels et coupés. La collecte de données a été réalisée à l'aide de la technique d'observation, d'analyse de documents et d'entretiens. Les résultats ont montré que l'association doit formaliser sa planification et son contrôle de production, afin de produire plus efficacement. Cinquante-deux micro-activités ont été identifiées, dont 77% ont été considérées comme valorisant les produits. L'analyse du coût de gestion des produits a montré que les sucreries traditionnelles présentent des bénéfices, tandis que les sucreries coupées impliquent une perte pour l'association. JEL: D24, L66, M11.

Abstract Drag crisis has been described as a drop in the drag coefficient (Cd). This procedure was lately assessed in able-bodied cyclists in time trial position by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the phenomenon of the drag crisis by computer fluid dynamics in transradial and transtibial amputee cyclists in the upright position. A male elite-level cyclist was recruited for this research. The subject was scanned (3D geometry with a 3D Scan) with his competition bicycle, helmet, suit, and shoes. Consequently, transradial and transtibial 3D models were created editing the able-bodied 3D model. To perform the CFD analyses, a domain measuring 7 x 2.5 x 2.5 m (length, width and height, respectively) was created around each bicycle-cyclist model. The domains were meshed with more than 42 million elements. Numerical simulations by CFD were performed in fluent numerical for speeds between 1 m/s and 13 m/s, with increments of 1 m/s. The total Cd decreased with speed. It ranged from 0.84 to 0.55 in the able-bodied, 0.86 to 0.64 in the transradial and 0.90 to 0.61 in the transtibial. The drag crisis phenomenon was observed between 1m/s and 4m/s in all models.

Abstract The advent of the 5th generation of mobile networks brought a large number of new use case and applications to be supported by the physical layer (PHY), which must be more flexible than all previous radio access networks (RAN). The concept of the centralized RAN (C-RAN) allows all the baseband processing to be performed in the central office, simplifying the network deployment and also allowing the operators to dynamically control the PHY according with the applications requirements. The radio-frequency (RF) signal generated by the C-RAN can be transported to the remote radio unit (RRU) by using a radio over fiber (RoF) system. In this paper, we propose two RoF approaches for composing the transport and access networks of the next-generation systems. The first investigation relies on the implementation of a machine learning-based digital pre-distortion (DPD), designed for RoF systems. In the second approach, we implement an RoF system and characterize the optical and electrical power levels aiming to reduce the RoF non-linear distortions. The overall link performance is evaluated by measuring the error vector magnitude (EVMRMS) and 590 Mbit/s is achieved with EVMRMS as low as 4.4% in a 10 m reach cell.

ABSTRACT The insertion of the tree component in coffee production is a strategy from an economic and environmental perspective. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the temporal influence on the agronomic and productive performance of the coffee crop under the interference of different tree species as a function of spacing. The experiment was set in the municipality of Santo Antônio de Amparo-MG, in 2012, and conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. The treatments were: cultivar ‘Catuai Vermelho IAC 99’ in monoculture (3.40 m x 0.65 m) and intercropped with African mahogany, teak and pink cedar, in two spacings (9 x 13.6 m and 18 x 13.6 m), in coffee rows. Three coffee rows were fixed between rows, totaling 13.6 m. The following variables were evaluated: height (m), stem diameter (cm), crown diameter (m), productivity (bags ha-1) and yield (l/sc) for coffee. From the evaluations, there is a significant effect of height, productivity and yield for the coffee crop. The system intercropped with tree species did not influence coffee productivity and yield until the 3rd harvest and, for the 5th harvest, intercropping with mahogany favored productivity, although the accumulated productivity did not show any treatment effect.

Abstract Objective: To measure the potential radiation dose emitted by patients who have recently undergone diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures, in order to establish optimal radiation safety measures for such procedures. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the radiation doses emitted by 175 adult patients in whom technetium-99m, iodine-131, and fluorine-18 radionuclides were administered for bone, kidney, heart, brain, and whole-body scans, as measured with a radiation detector. Those values served as the basis for evaluating whole-body radiopharmaceutical clearance, as well as the risk for the exposure of others to radiation, depending on the time elapsed since administration of the radiopharmaceutical. Results: The mean time to clearance of the radiopharmaceuticals administered, expressed as the effective half-life, ranged from 1.18 ± 0.30 h to 11.41 ± 0.02 h, and the mean maximum cumulative radiation dose at 1.0 m from the patients was 149.74 ± 56.72 µSv. Even at a distance of 0.5 m, the cumulative dose was found to be only half and one tenth of the limits established for exposure of the general public and family members/caregivers (1.0 mSv and 5.0 mSv per episode, respectively). Conclusion: Cumulative radiation doses emitted by patients immediately after diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures are considerably lower than the limits established by the International Commission on Radiological Protection and the International Atomic Energy Agency, and precautionary measures to avoid radiation exposure are therefore not required after such procedures.

Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar o potencial de dose de radiação emitida por pacientes em procedimentos diagnósticos, visando a estabelecer cuidados de radioproteção mais otimizados. Materiais e Métodos: Taxas de dose de radiação emitidas por 175 pacientes administrados com os radionuclídeos 99mTc, 131I e 18F para cintilografias óssea, renal, cardíaca, cerebral e corpo inteiro, foram mensuradas com um detector de radiação, servindo para avaliar o clareamento do radiofármaco no organismo e risco de exposição após administração dos radiofármacos. Resultados: O clareamento, representado pela meia-vida efetiva, variou de 1,18 ± 0,30 h até 11,41 ± 0,02 h e a dose de radiação máxima acumulada oferecida pelos pacientes a 1,0 m foi de 149,74 ± 56,72 µSv. Mesmo para distâncias de 0,5 m, as doses estimadas foram, respectivamente, duas e dez vezes inferiores ao nível de restrição para o público geral (1,0 mSv) e exposição médica (5,0 mSv/episódio). Conclusão: Doses de radiação oferecidas por pacientes em procedimentos diagnósticos são inferiores aos níveis de restrição recomendados pela International Commission on Radiological Protection e International Atomic Energy Agency, e assim, cuidados de radioproteção são geralmente desnecessários.

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The Brazilian Society of Hepatology (SBH) published in 2020 the updated recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Since then, new data have emerged in the literature, including new drugs approved for the systemic treatment of HCC that were not available at the time. The SBH board conducted an online single-topic meeting to discuss and review the recommendations on the systemic treatment of HCC. The invited experts were asked to conduct a systematic review of the literature on each topic related to systemic treatment and to present the summary data and recommendations during the meeting. All panelists gathered together for discussion of the topics and elaboration of the updated recommendations. The present document is the final version of the reviewed manuscript containing the recommendations of SBH and its aim is to assist healthcare professionals, policy-makers, and planners in Brazil and Latin America with systemic treatment decision-making of patients with HCC.

RESUMO O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é uma das principais causas de mortalidade relacionada a câncer no Brasil e no mundo. A Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia (SBH) publicou em 2020 a atualização das recomendações da SBH para o diagnóstico e tratamento do CHC. Desde então, novas evidências científicas sobre o tratamento sistêmico do CHC foram relatadas na literatura médica, incluindo novos medicamentos aprovados que não estavam disponíveis na época do último consenso, levando a diretoria da SBH a promover uma reunião monotemática on-line para discutir e rever as recomendações sobre o tratamento sistêmico do CHC. Um grupo de experts foi convidado para realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura e apresentar uma atualização, baseada em evidências científicas, sobre cada tópico relacionado ao tratamento sistêmico e a apresentar os dados e recomendações resumidas durante a reunião. Todos os painelistas se reuniram para discutir os tópicos e elaborar as recomendações atualizadas. O presente documento é a versão final do manuscrito revisado, contendo as recomendações da SBH, e seu objetivo é auxiliar os profissionais de saúde, formuladores de políticas e planejadores no Brasil e na América Latina na tomada de decisões sobre o tratamento sistêmico de pacientes com CHC.

Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as características socioambientais, funções executivas e nutricionais de crianças de 6 a 7 anos, de escolas públicas de Alagoas, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo, transversal e descritivo envolvendo 64 crianças, na referida faixa etária, de escolas públicas localizadas em Alagoas: Maceió, no litoral; Major Isidoro, no sertão e Palmeira dos Índios, no país. Tais análises foram feitas por meio da aplicação de testes neuropsicológicos e avaliação antropométrica com crianças e inquéritos alimentares e socioambientais com seus pais. Quanto ao tipo de habitação, 100% eram de alvenaria, com banheiro presente em 98,4%. Todas as crianças relataram o hábito de tomar banho no rio / lagoa, apresentavam alguma patologia. Não houve diferença significativa entre os municípios quanto às características sociodemográficas avaliadas, ocorrendo o mesmo resultado com os fatores associados à ocorrência de doenças em crianças. Os subtestes do WISC-IV, ficaram abaixo da média em todos os municípios, e o TAC e SCC foram classificados dentro da média. Porém, mesmo que a classificação tenha sido dividida entre abaixo da média e média, é possível identificar a partir dos subtestes do WISC-IV, que o QI geral apresentou um nível cognitivo abaixo da média. Também não houve diferença significativa na avaliação antropométrica (peso, altura, IMC e AIDPI) entre os alunos avaliados. O peso médio foi de 23,3 kg a 25 kg, a altura entre 1,23 ma 1,24 m, o IMC entre 16,4 a 17; A AIDPI de 2.8 a 3.0. As crianças foram classificadas dentro da média. Em relação aos micronutrientes (Ca, Fe, K, Mg e Na e vitaminas A, C, D, B1, B9 e B12) e calorias, também não houve diferença significativa entre os municípios avaliados. O mesmo ocorreu com os macronutrientes (proteínas, carboidratos e lipídios). Este estudo mostrou que de maneira geral não houve diferença entre os alunos dos três municípios. Provavelmente, mesmo sendo todas escolas públicas e de diferentes cidades, as crianças têm condições sociais semelhantes.

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the socio-environmental characteristics, executive and nutritional functions in children aged 6 to 7 years, from public schools in Alagoas, Brazil. A quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed involving 64 children of the mentioned age group, from public schools located in Alagoas: Maceió, on the coast; Major Isidoro, in the hinterland and Palmeira dos Índios, in the country. Such analyzes were made through the application of neuropsychological tests and anthropometric assessment with children and food and socio-environmental surveys with their parents. As for the type of housing, 100% were made of masonry, with a bathroom present in 98.4%. All children reported with the habit of bathing in the river / lagoon, presented some pathology. There was no significant difference between cities in terms of the sociodemographic characteristics evaluated, with the same result occurring with the factors associated with the occurrence of diseases in children. The subtests of WISC-IV, were below the average in all municipalities, and the TAC and SCC were classified within the average. However, even though the ranking were divided between below average and average, it is possible to identify from the subtests of WISC-IV, that the general IQ showed a cognitive level below the average. There was also no significant difference in the anthropometric assessment (weight, height, BMI and IMCI) between the evaluated students. The average weight was 23.3 kg to 25 kg, the height between 1.23 m to 1.24 m, the BMI between 16.4 to 17; the IMCI from 2.8 to 3.0. Children were classified within the average. Regarding micronutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg and Na, and vitamins A, C, D, B1, B9 and B12) and calories, there was also no significant difference between the cities evaluated. The same occurred with macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates and lipids). This study showed that in general there was no difference between the students of the three municipalities. Probably, even though they are all public schools and from different cities, children have similar social conditions.

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar (fenotipicamente e genotipicamente) duas cepas de Brucella abortus identificadas como pertencentes ao biovar 4 isolada de bovinos no Brasil. As cepas foram isoladas de bursite cervical de bovinos dos estados do Pará e Rio Grande do Sul, respectivamente. Na identificação fenotípica, os isolados foram positivos na exigência de CO2, produziram H2S, foram resistentes à fucsina básica (20 µg / mL) e sensíveis à tionina (20 µg / mL e 40 µg / mL) e apresentaram antígeno de superfície M, mas o antígeno de superfície A foi ausente. Os isolados foram positivos na PCR para o gene bcsp31 (gênero específico) e na PCR - AMOS, ambos os isolados apresentaram perfil de banda consistente com B. abortus biovar 1, 2 ou 4. Além disso, ambos os isolados também apresentaram padrões de restrição idêntica à cepa de referência quando testada pelo omp2b PCR-RFLP. Na genotipagem usando Multiple Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) - MLVA (MLVA16), os isolados apresentaram diferenças em vários loci (Bruce42, Bruce19, Bruce04, Bruce16 e Bruce30); no Multiple Locus Sequence Typing (MLST), os isolados também exibiram diferenças na sequência tipo (ST), amostra 16/02 ST1 (2-1-1-2-1-3-1-1-1) e amostra 128/11 ST (22-1-1-8-9-3-1-1-1). A extensa tipagem de cepas de B. abortus isoladas de bovinos no Brasil por diferentes abordagens confirmou a rara ocorrência de B. abortus biovar 4 no país.

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to characterize (phenotypically and genotypically) two strains of Brucella abortus identified as belonging to biovar 4 isolated from cattle in Brazil. The strains were isolated from cervical bursitis from cattle in the states of Pará and Rio Grande do Sul, respectively. In the phenotypic identification, the isolates were positive in CO2 requirement, produced H2S, were resistant to basic fuchsin (20 µg / mL) and sensitive to thionin (20 µg / mL and 40 µg / mL) and presented M surface antigen, but A surface antigen is absent. The isolates were positive in the PCR for the bcsp31 gene (genus-specific) and in the AMOS-enhanced PCR, both isolates showed a band profile consistent with B. abortus biovar 1, 2 or 4. Moreover, both isolates also showed restriction patterns identical to the reference strain when tested by the omp2b PCR-RFLP. In genotyping using Multiple Locus Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (VNTR) Analysis - MLVA (MLVA16), the isolates showed differences in several loci (Bruce42, Bruce19, Bruce04, Bruce16 and Bruce30); by Multiple Locus Sequence Typing (MLST), they also exhibited differences in sequence type (ST), strain 16/02 ST1 (2-1-1-2-1-3-1-1-1) and strain 128/11 ST (22-1-1 -8-9-3-1-1-1). The extensive typing of B. abortus strains isolated from cattle in Brazil using different approaches confirmed the occurrence of rare B. abortus biovar 4 in the country.

RESUMO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se os índices obtidos com Canopeo e GreenSeeker (NDVI) em Megathyrsus maximum são capazes de estimar altura de plantas, massa de matéria seca, componentes morfológicos e teor de proteína bruta e fibra em detergente neutro em diferentes dias de crescimento. Cinco parcelas de 5 × 25 m de capim M.maximum foram definidas: sub parcelas de 1 × 1 m foram avaliadas a cada três dias, nas quais a pastagem apresenta 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 e 30 dias de rebrota. A sub parcela foi avaliada quanto à altura do dossel e acúmulo de massa. O índice do Canopeo (IC) obtido em maior altura foi menor do que o obtido em menor altura. A maior altura de medição aumentou o NDVI em relação a 0,10 m. Os maiores índices foram observados desde 18 dias de rebrota. Exceto para o IC avaliado a 0,10 m de altura, os índices não foram correlacionados com a composição química da forragem. IC e NDVI correlacionaram-se positivamente com a altura da planta, massa de MS e índice foliar, e negativamente com o índice de colmos. Assim, menores alturas de avaliação para IC e NDVI podem ser um bom preditor da altura da forragem. Valores de 0,83 e 85,8 para NDVI e IC, respectivamente, indicam um momento adequado para o início do pastejo de Megathyrsus maximum.

ABSTRACT: This study determined whether Canopeo and GreenSeeker measurements in Megathyrsus maximus can estimate plant height, dry matter mass, morphological components, and content of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber at different days of growth. Five plots of 5 × 25m M. maximus grass were defined: subplots of 1×1m were evaluated every three days, in which the pasture shows 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 days of regrowth. The subplot was evaluated for canopy height and mass accumulation. The canopeo index (CI) obtained at a higher height was lower than those obtained at a smaller height. Higher measurement height increased the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) relative to 0.10 m. The highest indexes were observed since 18 d of regrowth. Except for the CI evaluated at 0.10 m of height, the indexes were not correlated to the chemical composition of the forage. The CI and NDVI were positively correlated to plant height, dry matter mass, and leaf index, whereas both were negatively correlated with stalk index. Thus, lower evaluation heights for CI and NDVI can be a good predictor of forage height. Values of 0.83 and 85.8 for NDVI and CI, respectively, indicated an appropriate time to start the grazing of M. maximus.