Various beneficial biological activities have been reported for passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), grown in tropical and subtropical regions. However, no study has yet demonstrated its action against the Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-ZIKV of the ethanolic passion fruit seed extract (PFSE), from which, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis allowed to putatively annotate the occurrence of piceatannol, astringin, scirpusin A, scirpusin B, isookanin-7-O-glucoside and naringenin-7-O-glucoside, two quadranguloside derivatives, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. PFSE is well tolerated by cell lines (Vero E6 and HTR-8/SVneo) and tissue explants from the human placenta. With 1- and 24-h treatments, PFSE consistently reduced the viral load and NS1 protein expression of the two strains of ZIKV (MR766 and PE243) in placental explants and cell lines. Thus, PFSE has a promising potential for developing anti-ZIKV treatments, protecting the placenta against infection caused by ZIKV, along with relevant antioxidant potential, represented by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 390.5 Trolox eq per g dry extract and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) of 12.1 µg mL-1, and more than 90% protection from lipid peroxidation. Although further studies need to be conducted, PFSE treatment was safe and effective in trophoblast cells and placental explants, thus representing a promising class of all-accessible products based on the reuse of industrial by-products.

RESUMO O objetivo foi verificar o efeito de produtos fitossanitários via tratamento de sementes, antes e após o armazenamento, sobre o desempenho inicial da soja em condição de déficit hídrico no solo. O delineamento foi em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições. A parcela principal foi constituída pela ausência e presença de déficit hídrico no solo, em um campo previamente cultivados. As subparcelas foram constituídas pelos tratamentos químicos fitossanitários de sementes: Abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole, Fipronil + pyraclostrobin + methyl thiophanate, Fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole, Fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M, Tiofanato-metílico+Fluazinam, Carbendazim + tiram, Chlorantraniliprole, Acetamiprid, Fipronil, Thiamethoxam, Imidacloprid + thiodicarb e Controle (água). As avaliações da porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência, tempo médio de emergência e massa seca de plântulas foram realizadas logo após o tratamento fitossanitário e após seis meses de armazenamento das sementes tratadas. O desenvolvimento inicial das plântulas é prejudicado pelo déficit hídrico no solo, com potencial matricial médio de -26 kPa, à 5 cm, e -20 kPa à 10 cm de profundidade do solo. O tratamento de sementes com fungicidas favorece o desenvolvimento inicial de plântulas de soja, principalmente sob restrição hídrica no solo. O tratamento com inseticidas e nematicida e armazenamento das sementes por seis meses, afeta o vigor das sementes e desempenho inicial da cultura soja, com diferentes intensidades em função do ingrediente ativo.

ABSTRACT The effect of phytosanitary products on the initial performance of soybean crops under soil water deficit conditions was determined via seed treatment before and after storage. A randomized block design was used in a split-plot scheme with four replicates. Plots with and without soil water deficit were established in a previously cultivated field. The subplots consisted of the following phytosanitary chemical seed treatments: Abamectin + thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole, Fipronil + pyraclostrobin + methyl thiophanate, Fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M + thiabendazole, Fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M, Tiofanato-metílico+Fluazinam, Carbendazim + tiram, Chlorantraniliprole, Acetamiprid, Fipronil, Thiamethoxam, Imidacloprid + thiodicarb, and a control (water). The emergence percentage, emergence speed index, mean emergence time, and seedling dry matter were evaluated immediately after phytosanitary treatment and after six months of storage for the treated seeds. Initial seedling development was impaired by soil water deficit, with a mean matric potential of -26 kPa at a soil depth of 5 cm and -20 kPa at 10 cm. The treatment of seeds with fungicides favored the initial development of soybean seedlings, especially under soil water restriction. It was determined that treatment with insecticidal and nematicides for six months in advance affects seed vigor and the initial performance of soybean crops with different intensities depending on the active ingredient.

This study was developed to examine the performance, carcass and cut yields, nutrient digestibility, and intestinal histomorphometry of chickens fed diets supplemented with protected sodium butyrate until 21 days of age. Two experiments were conducted, both of which involved the following treatments: basal diet with inclusion of an antibiotic; basal diet without antibiotic or protected sodium butyrate (PSB; control); basal diet with inclusion of 225 g/t PSB in the pre-starter and starter phases; and basal diet with inclusion of 300 g/t PSB in the pre-starter and starter phases. In the first experiment, 784 male broiler chicks were distributed into the four treatments, with seven replicates of 28 birds, to evaluate performance and carcass and cut yields. In experiment II, 280 male broiler chicks were distributed into the four treatments, with seven replicates of 10 birds, to evaluate intestinal digestibility and histomorphometry. At 42 days of age, the broilers supplemented with 225 g/t PSB had a higher average final weight than the control group. At seven days, the chickens supplemented with 300 g/t PSB exhibited the highest duodenal villus height; those supplemented with 225 or 300g/t PSB or antibiotic showed the greatest jejunal villus height; and those treated with 225 g/t PSB exhibited the highest jejunal villus/crypt ratio. At 21 days of age, the broilers that received 225 g/t PSB showed the highest duodenal and jejunal villus height. The use of protected sodium butyrate in chicken diets up to 21 days of age improves intestinal development and performance until slaughter age.

Resumo Fundamento: A vitamina D (VD) tem um importante papel na função cardíaca. No entanto, a vitamina exerce uma curva “dose-resposta” bifásica na fisiopatologia cardiovascular e pode causar efeitos deletérios, mesmo em doses não tóxicas. A VD exerce suas funções celulares ligando-se ao seu receptor. Ainda, a expressão da proteína de interação com a tiorredoxina (TXNIP) é positivamente regulada pela VD. A TXNIP modula diferentes visa de sinalização celular que podem ser importantes para a remodelação cardíaca. Objetivos: Avaliar se a suplementação com VD leva à remodelação cardíaca, e se a TXNIP e a tiorredoxina (Trx) estão associadas com esse processo. Métodos: Duzentos e cinquenta ratos Wistar machos foram alocados em três grupos: controle (C, n=21), sem suplementação com VD; VD3 (n = 22) e VD10 (n=21), suplementados com 3,000 e 10,000 UI de VD/ kg de ração, respectivamente, por dois meses. Os grupos foram comparados por análise de variância (ANOVA) com um fator e teste post hoc de Holm-Sidak (variáveis com distribuição normal), ou pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e análise post-hoc de Dunn. O nível de significância para todos os testes foi de 5%. Resultados: A expressão de TXNIP foi mais alta e a atividade do Trx foi mais baixa no grupo VD10. Os animais que receberam suplementação com VD apresentaram aumento de hidroperóxido lipídico e diminuição de superóxido dismutase e glutationa peroxidase. A proteína Bcl-2 foi mais baixa no grupo VD10. Observou-se uma diminuição na β-oxidação de ácidos graxos, no ciclo do ácido tricarboxílico, na cadeia transportadora de elétrons, e um aumento na via glicolítica. Conclusão: A suplementação com VD levou à remodelação cardíaca e esse processo pode ser modulado por TXNIP e Trx, e consequentemente por estresse oxidativo.

Abstract Background: Vitamin D (VD) has been shown to play an important role in cardiac function. However, this vitamin exerts a biphasic “dose response” curve in cardiovascular pathophysiology and may cause deleterious effects, even in non-toxic doses. VD exerts its cellular functions by binding to VD receptor. Additionally, it was identified that the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression is positively regulated by VD. TXNIP modulate different cell signaling pathways that may be important for cardiac remodeling. Objective: To evaluate whether VD supplementation lead to cardiac remodeling and if TXNIP and thioredoxin (Trx) proteins are associated with the process. Methods: A total of 250 Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: control (C, n=21), with no VD supplementation; VD3 (n = 22) and VD10 (n=21), supplemented with 3,000 and 10,000 IU of VD/ kg of chow respectively, for two months. The groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Holm-Sidak post hoc analysis, (variables with normal distribution), or by Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test post hoc analysis. The significance level for all tests was 5%. Results: TXNIP protein expression was higher and Trx activity was lower in VD10. The animals supplemented with VD showed increased lipid hydroperoxide and decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. The protein Bcl-2 was lower in VD10. There was a decrease in fatty acid β-oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain with shift to increase in glycolytic pathway. Conclusion: VD supplementation led to cardiac remodeling and this process may be modulated by TXNIP and Trx proteins and consequently oxidative stress.

Resumo O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar a caracterização fitoquímica, determinar fenóis totais, potencial antioxidante (AAO%) e antimicrobiano dos extratos etanólicos de carambola O estudo fitoquímico foi realizado por meio de análise qualitativa dos constituintes químicos e determinação quantitativa do teor de fenóis totais pelo teste de Folin-Ciocalteu. Os testes antioxidantes qualitativos e quantitativos foram realizados pelo método do DPPH (2,2 difenil-1- picril-hidrazila) e redução do ferro (FRAP). A concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) foi determinada por microdiluição em placas de 96 poços. Foi identificada a presença de taninos pirogálicos, esteroides e saponinas. O maior teor de fenóis totais, quantificado nas amostras, foi encontrado na casca do caule (0,0866 mg EAG/g) e no fruto (0,0734 mg EAG/g). Na avaliação antioxidante destacaram-se a 500 µg/mL os extratos do bagaço do fruto verde (AAO% 71,9%,), e casca do caule a 50 µg/mL (AAO% 94%) com CE50 23,7 µg/mL. Os extratos das folhas, casca do caule, bagaço do fruto maduro e bagaço do fruto verde apresentaram CIM de 100 µg/mL contra bactérias e fungos patogênicos multirresistentes.

Abstract The objective of this work was to perform the phytochemical characterization, to determine total phenols, antioxidant (AAO%) and antimicrobial potential of the ethanolic extracts of carambola. The phytochemical study was carried out through a qualitative analysis of the chemical constituents and quantitative determination of the phenol content By the Folin-Ciocalteu test. Qualitative and quantitative antioxidant tests were performed using the DPPH method (2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazila) and iron reduction (FRAP). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by microdilution in 96-well plates. The presence of pyrogallic tannins, steroids and saponins has been identified. The highest total phenol content, quantified in the samples, was found in the stem bark (0.0866 mgEAG/g) and in the fruit (0.0734 mgEAG/g). In the antioxidant evaluation, the extracts of the green fruit bagasse (AAO% 71.9%,) and stem bark at 50 μg/mL (AAO% 94%) with CE50 23.7 μg/mL. Leaf extracts, stem bark, ripe fruit bagasse and green fruit bagasse presented MICs of 100 μg/mL against multiresistant pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

Many instrumental techniques are used to monitor the quality of food products, highlighting near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). In order to determine the authenticity of 60 commercial oil samples seized by the Espírito Santo state police, this work used a portable spectrometer in the NIR region associated with chemometric tools such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares regression (PLS) to classify and quantify possible adulterants present such as soybean oil. In addition, physicochemical tests (acidity, peroxide and ultraviolet absorption) were carried out on commercial samples. The PLS regression model built to quantify soybean oil showed a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.99, showing itself to be satisfactory. The results showed that all samples analyzed had a high content of adulterant and cannot be classified as extra virgin olive oil.

This is the first report by the COVID19 Observatory - Group: Contagion Networks analyzing mortality data from the city of São Paulo. In this report, we integrated mortality data for the city of São Paulo between 04/02/2020 and 04/28/2020, with information on the flow of victims between hospitals and cemeteries/crematoriums. We included in our analyzes both confirmed and suspected deaths from COVID-19. The main objectives of this report were: (1) to describe the structure of the flow of victims between locations and (2) to suggest changes in the current flow based on geographical distances in order to avoid a potential overload of the mortuary system. We suggest that the city of São Paulo should plan for a potential overload of the mortuary system (that is, the number of burials), based on the presented results. Thus, our results reinforce the need to adopt specific planning for the management of the extraordinary number of victims of this pandemic. Our predictions are based on the structural analysis of the COVID-19 victim flow network, which shows several hotspots with high vulnerability to system overload. These hotspots concentrate with either the greatest number of deaths (hospital) or of burials (cemetery or crematorium), and therefore have high potential to become overwhelmed by receiving many bodies due to the increase in victims of the pandemic. We recommend special attention to be given to localities on the east side of São Paulo, which has both the most vulnerable hospitals in the city, and also houses cemeteries and crematoriums that have a central role in the network and / or are vulnerable. Based on our optimization analysis, we suggest logistical changes in the current flow of bodies from hospitals to cemeteries/crematoriums so as not to overload the funeral system and minimize transportation costs. In this sense, our results are potentially useful for improving the operational planning of the Municipality of São Paulo, ratifying or rectifying actions underway at the municipal level.

Este é o primeiro relatório do Observatório COVID19 - Grupo: Redes de Contágio analisando os dados de óbitos da cidade de São Paulo. Neste relatório, integramos os dados de óbitos da cidade de São Paulo entre os dias 02/04/2020 e 28/04/2020 com informações sobre o fluxo de vítimas entre os hospitais e os cemitérios e crematórios da cidade de São Paulo. Incluímos em nossas análises óbitos confirmados e óbitos suspeitos de COVID-19. Os principais objetivos deste relatório são: (1) descrever a estrutura do fluxo de vítimas entre localidades e (2) sugerir mudanças no fluxo com base em distâncias geográficas de maneira a evitar uma potencial sobrecarga do sistema funerário. Sugere-se à prefeitura da cidade de São Paulo que seja realizado um planejamento para uma potencial sobrecarga do sistema funerário (isto é, número de sepultamentos) da cidade de São Paulo com base nos resultados apresentados. Desta forma, nossos resultados reforçam a necessidade de ser adotado planejamento específico para a gestão dos casos extraordinários visualizados no contexto da pandemia. Esta previsão está baseada na análise estrutural da rede de fluxos de vítimas da COVID-19, que indica a concentração de vários locais com alta vulnerabilidade à sobrecarga do sistema. Tais locais concentram a maior quantidade de óbitos (hospitais) ou a maior concentração de sepultamentos (cemitérios ou crematórios) e tem portanto alto potencial de tornarem-se sobrecarregados por receberem muitos corpos devido ao aumento de vítimas da pandemia. Recomenda-se especial atenção à localidades da zona leste de São Paulo, que apresenta os hospitais mais vulneráveis da cidade e abriga cemitérios e crematórios que possuem papel central na rede e/ou encontram-se vulneráveis. Com base em nossa análise de otimização, sugerimos mudanças logísticas no atual fluxo de corpos de hospitais para cemitérios/crematórios de modo a não sobrecarregar o sistema funerário e minimizar os custos de transporte. Neste sentido, nossos resultados são potencialmente úteis ao aperfeiçoamento do planejamento operacional da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo, ratificando ou retificando ações em curso no âmbito municipal.

A estimativa do nitrogênio (N) disponibilizado para as plantas, oriundo de resíduos orgânicos, é usualmente mensurada com base em experimentos em casa de vegetação ou incubação aeróbia. Esses métodos são trabalhosos, de custo elevado e pouco práticos para rotinas de laboratório, exigindo abordagens alternativas. Partindo da hipótese de relação positiva entre frações orgânicas e N disponível, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do fracionamento químico do N, por meio do método da hidrólise ácida, em dez resíduos orgânicos. A hidrólise ácida fracionou a matéria orgânica dos resíduos em compartimentos lábeis e recalcitrante de N, os quais foram comparados à quantidade de N absorvida pelas plantas obtida pelo índice de recuperação de nitrogênio (IRN). Relações significativas foram observadas entre a frações lábil 1 (R² = 0,86; p=0,008) e lábil total (R² = 0,89; p=0,004) e os valores de IRN para os resíduos película de café, estercos de frango e bovino, pó de café, turfa e cama de frango.

The nitrogen (N) available for plants from organic residues is usually estimated by greenhouse or aerobic incubation experiments. These methods are laborious, expensive and impracticable for laboratory routines, requiring alternative approaches. Following the hypothesis of positive relation between organic fractions and available N, the aim of this work was to evaluate the acid hydrolysis as an alternative method in comparison to the N absorbed by maize on a greenhouse experiment for 10 organic wastes. The acid hydrolysis fractionated the N of the wastes’ organic matter in labile and recalcitrant pools, which was compared to the amount of N absorbed by the plants measured by nitrogen recuperation index (NRI). There was a significant relationship between the labile pool 1 (R² = 0,86; p=0,008) and total labile pool (R² = 0,89; p=0,004) and the NRI values for the coffee silverskin, chicken and cattle manure, expired coffee powder, peat and poultry litter wastes.

A sinovite vilonodular pigmentada, englobada no grupo dos tumores tenossinoviais de células gigantes, é uma doença rara, benigna e com incidência de 1.8 casos por milhão de habitantes/ano. Ocorre por proliferação da membrana sinovial das articulações, bursas e das bainhas tendinosas, com pigmentação por depósitos de hemossideria. Afecta sobretudo indivíduos entre os 30 e 40 anos. Geralmente é monoarticular, afectando o joelho em cerca de 80% dos casos e o ombro em apenas 2.4% dos casos. A sua clínica é inespecífica, o ao RX esta entidade geralmente passa despercebida. A Ressonância Magnética, não é específica para o seu diagnóstico, mas é útil para diferenciá-la de outras patologias e estratificar a extensão da doença. O diagnóstico definitivo é histológico. A sinovectomia é o tratamento indicado. É fundamental saber o subtipo da doença para a escolha o método cirúrgico: aberto ou artroscópico. Apresentamos um caso de um tumor tenossinovial de células gigantes do ombro, localizado, tratado com exérese artroscópia. O tratamento foi eficaz, sem recidiva até à data.

Pigmented villonodular synovitis, which belongs to the group of giant cell tenosynovial tumors, is a rare benign disease, with an incidence of 1.8 cases per million inhabitants per year. It occurs by proliferation of the synovial membrane of the joints, bursae and tendinous sheaths, with pigmentation by haemosideria deposits. It mainly affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 40. Affects the knee in about 80% of the cases and the shoulder in only 2.4% of the cases. Its clinical manifestations are nonspecific and on XRay this entity usually goes unnoticed. Magnetic Resonance Imaging is not specific for diagnosis but is useful for differentiating it from other pathologies and stratifying the extent of the disease. Definitive diagnosis is histological. Synovectomy is the indicated treatment. Knowing the subtype of the disease is crucial for choosing the surgical method: open or arthroscopic. We present a case of a localized giant cell tenosynovial tumor of the shoulder treated with excision by arthroscopy. The treatment was effective, with no recurrence to date.

RESUMO A mamoneira é uma importante matéria-prima para a produção de biocombustível, podendo ser cultivada em diversas regiões do país devido sua boa adaptação e tolerância às altas temperaturas e déficit hídrico. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade da mamona em diferentes populações de plantas consorciadas com Urochloa ruziziensis. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao caso em esquema fatorial de 4 x 2 com 4 repetições, o primeiro fator foi composto pelas densidades de plantas de mamona (13574, 24512, 36816, 40723 plantas ha-1), e o segundo fator constou da presença ou da ausência de Urochloa ruziziensis. A análise estatística constou da análise de variância e de regressão, e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p < 0,05). O consórcio reduziu em 15% o número de bagas por planta, mas não afetou significativamente a produtividade. O aumento da população de plantas reduziu linearmente a proporção de plantas colhidas (22,1% da menor para a maior população) e a produtividade máxima foi atingida com 36816 plantas ha-1, tanto para a mamona consorciada quanto para a solteira. Concluiu-se que o consórcio da mamona com U. ruziziensis não reduz a produtividade da mamoneira e é uma alternativa para produção de palhada para as culturas sucessoras, especialmente em ambientes de produção com solos de baixa fertilidade, altas temperaturas e inconstância pluviométrica.

ABSTRACT Castor bean is an important raw material to produce biofuel in Brazil and can be grown in several regions of the country due to its good adaptation and tolerance to high temperatures and water deficit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity of castor bean plants intercropped at different plant densities with Urochloa ruziziensis. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with four replications, using a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of four plant densities (13,574, 24,512, 36,816, and 40,723 plants ha-1) of castor bean and two crop systems (single crop, and intercrop with Urochloa ruziziensis). The data were subjected to analyses of variance and regression, and means were compared by the Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The intercrop system reduced the number of pods per plant by 15%, but it did not significantly affect the castor bean grain yield. Increasing plant density reduced linearly the proportion of plants harvested, reaching 22.1%, from the lowest to the highest plant density used; the highest grain yield was achieved using 36,816 plants ha-1 for both intercrop and single crop systems. Intercropping castor bean with U. ruziziensis does not reduce the castor bean grain yield and is an alternative to produce biomass for following crops, especially in production environments with low fertility soils, high temperatures, and infrequent rainfall.

Abstract: Liming can influence crop growth by altering pore geometry, pore size distribution and water retention characteristics in acid soils. The aim of this work is to determine liming effects on the soil structure based on analysis of water retention data using a cubic spline adjustment function. For that, the authors investigated the effect of three lime rates (0, 15 and 20 t ha-1) on soil water retention characteristics and pore size distribution of a silty-clay “Cambissolo Háplico Alumínico” (Dystrudept) located in the SE region of the Paraná State, Brazil. Soil cores were collected after 31 months of the experiment at 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm soil layers. Eleven matric potentials (from 0 to -7000 cm H2O) were employed to calculate soil water retention and pore size distribution curves. The pore size distribution curves revealed trimodal soil porosity with three distinct peaks. Equivalent pore diameters ranging from 9.18 µm to 13.18 µm separated structural and matrix domains. Small differences exist in the pore size distribution curves due to liming and between layers for all peaks. With no-till plus surface liming, the volume of large pores diminished at the two layers and the volume of small pores increased at the surface layer.

In this work, we present a little explored alternative for the study and classification of thermodynamic variables. Some methods in the theory of ordinary differential equations not only support the use and calculation of these variables but also assists the physicochemical interpretation. We explore the Euler's criterion as a resource to study and differentiate the state functions and process variables useful in chemical thermodynamics. For this purpose, we carry out the development of the differentials and their analysis in a simple, rigorous, and progressive way, in accordance with the level of the topics treated in graduate courses of physical chemistry and classical thermodynamics.

The high Si and Al contents in the amorphous phase of coal fly ash have been used for its conversion into zeolites. This process converts a toxic low-value by-product into a product used in a number of environmental applications, but has the disadvantage of introducing contaminants. Despite the large number of studies on the conversion of fly ash into zeolites, few report this drawback or discuss the efficiency of the proposed processes from a technical or ecological perspective. In this respect, the present study conducts a detailed assessment of two routes for integrated hydrothermal synthesis of zeolites 4A and Na-P1 obtained from coal fly ash. The processes are evaluated and compared in relation to the presence of undesirable metals and elements in the different steps of synthesis, as well as the feedstock and final product. Different performance parameters are presented and applied in the assessment of both processes and the most sustainable is recommended.

Resumo Costalimaita ferruginea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) ataca plantas de Eucalyptus provocando intensos danos através do rendilhamento das folhas. Recentemente, esse Coleoptera tem sido relado atacando Myrtaceae no Estado de Mato Grosso e, estudos sobre a ocorrência desse besouro em plantios comerciais de eucaliptos tem sido alvo de pesquisadores através de programas de monitoramento na área de proteção florestal. Com o início do período chuvoso, adultos foram observados causando danos em plantios de eucalipto em quatro municípios que fazem parte da região de transição dos Biomas Amazônia e Cerrado. Os pontos onde foram observados esses insetos estão localizados em Feliz Natal, Lucas do Rio Verde, Sorriso e Vera. O objetivo deste trabalho foi relatar as novas ocorrências e caracterizar o período de ataque do besouro C. ferruginea em plantios de Eucalyptus na região Médio-Norte do Estado de Mato Grosso, região de transição de Biomas.

Abstract Costalimaita ferruginea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) attacks Eucalyptus plants causing severe damage through netting of the leaves. Recently, this Coleoptera has been reported attacking Myrtaceae in Mato Grosso State and, studies about the occurrence of this beetle in commercial plantations of eucalypts has been the subject of researchers through monitoring programmes in the forest protection area. With the beginning of the rainy season, adults were observed causing damage in eucalypt plantations in four cities that are part of the transition region of Amazon and Cerrado Biomes. The spots where these insects were observed are located in Feliz Natal, Lucas do Rio Verde, Sorriso and Vera. The purpose of this study was to report the new occurrences and to characterize the attack period of the beetle C. ferruginea in Eucalyptus plantations in Middle-North region of Mato Grosso State, region of Biomes Transition.

ABSTRACT: Since colonial times, Brazilian land use has been made under an extractivist model at the expense of deforestation, increasing soil and vegetation depletion, stream siltation, as well as loss of biodiversity. An ecological-economic zoning (EEZ) has been taken as feasible alternative to guide public policies aimed at city land-use planning. This study focused on designing an EZZ for the city of Altinópolis, in São Paulo state (Brazil), by means of geographical information systems (GIS). Information and maps delineated six land-use areas, in which 30% covered areas under environmental protection, 45% over areas with groundwater recharge potential, which should be intended to restoration. Furthermore, around 70% of the territory show potential to be grown with agroforestry systems due to soil, climate and relief conditions. These results point out demand for further public policies to encouraging preservation of existing forests and restoration of degraded areas, mainly those covering groundwater-recharge areas.