Abstract Objective: To assess the tensile bond strength of prefabricated metal posts cemented with different luting agents. Material and Methods: Fifty single-rooted endodontically treated human teeth had their crowns cut, mounted into acrylic-resin blocks and then an 8mm depth post space were prepared. Prefabricated cylindrical metal posts were cemented using different luting agents: a zinc phosphate cement (SS White), a conventional glass ionomer cement (Vidrion C), two resin-modified glass ionomer cements (Vitremer and RelyX Luting 2) and a resin cement (RelyX ARC). Samples were stored in distilled water for seven days and then submitted to a tensile bond strength test until complete dislocation of the post. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey test for pairwise multiple comparisons were used to evaluate differences between luting agents. Results: Tensile bond strength was 563.88±203.41 N for zinc phosphate cement, 336.86 ± 137.64 N for Vidrion C, 515.24 ± 239.48 N for Vitremer, 828.47±433.99 N for RelyX Luting 2 and 1262.51 ± 356.29 for RelyX ARC. The Relyx ARC presented the highest tensile bond strength regard the luting agent tested (p< 0.05). Conclusion: RelyX ARC presented the higher tensile bond strength compared to the other luting agents evaluated.

Resumo Introdução Entender os efeitos da terapia periodontal é fator essencial no desempenho e satisfação de pacientes parcialmente dentados. Objetivo Avaliar o efeito do tratamento periodontal subgengival na performance ao mastigar e na satisfação e capacidade mastigatória auto-reportadas em pacientes parcialmente dentados. Material e método Pacientes parcialmente dentados com periodontite crônica não tratada (n=11) receberam tratamento periodontal não-cirúrgico e tiveram a sua satisfação, capacidade e performance mastigatória aferidas antes e após o tratamento. A performance mastigatória foi aferida objetivamente pelo método da peneiragem de um alimento simulado após mastigação seguida da medição do tamanho das partículas. Resultado A satisfação e a capacidade mastigatória foram mensuradas a partir de um questionário com base no OHIP-EDENT. O número médio de unidades funcionais anteriores foi de 10,36 ± 1,43 e posteriores de 6,73 ± 0,79, sem alterações após o tratamento. A performance mastigatória não apresentou diferença (p = 0,075) (tamanhos de partícula 4,23 ± 1,84 mm e 3,90 ± 0,75 mm antes e após o tratamento periodontal, respectivamente). A satisfação e a capacidade mastigatória apresentaram valores após o tratamento periodontal superiores (p > 0,05) em comparação aos valores prévios aos tratamentos. Conclusão O tratamento periodontal, considerando a manutenção dos pares funcionais do início do tratamento, promove uma melhoria na satisfação e capacidade mastigatória auto-reportadas, sem afetar a performance mastigatória.

Abstract Introduction Understanding the effects of periodontal therapy is essential in performance and satisfaction of partially dentate patients. Objective To assess the effect of subgingival periodontal treatment in performance and masticatory satisfaction and ability as reported by partially dentate patients with untreated chronic periodontitis. Materials and method Patients were given nonsurgical periodontal treatment and masticatory satisfaction, ability, and performance were evaluated before and after treatment. Performance was assessed based on sieving chewed standardized chewable material, while satisfaction and ability were analyzed using a questionnaire based on OHIP-EDENT. Result Mean numbers of functional tooth units were 10.36 ± 1.43 anterior and 6.73 ± 0.79 posterior teeth. Masticatory performance did not vary significantly (p = 0.075), and mean particle sizes before and after treatment were 4.23 ± 1.84 mm and 3.90 ± 0.75 mm, respectively. Overall satisfaction and ability scores after treatment were higher (p > 0.05) compared with scores prior to the periodontal intervention. Conclusion Periodontal treatment improves masticatory satisfaction and ability with no effect on performance.

O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever o processo de criação dos conteúdos do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família (EspSF) promovido pela UNA-SUS/UFCSPA, modalidade a distância, de acordo com características de cada região onde o curso é ofertado. Parte do curso de EspSF é baseada na aprendizagem a partir de casos clínicos complexos. Alguns casos clínicos do curso foram personalizados de acordo com a região do país (norte, nordeste ou sul) onde o profissional atua, considerando características epidemiológicas e socioculturais de cada região. Com a adaptação de 12 casos complexos às realidades dos estados do Pará e de Sergipe, o curso, que foi inicialmente pensado a partir de características do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, pode ser oferecido aos referidos estados, mantendo a sua característica de fidedignidade às situações, as quais o profissional está exposto no seu cotidiano.

The objective of this study was to describe the process of creating the contents of the e-learning Family Health graduate course, promoted by the Open University of the Brazilian National Health System/Federal University of Porto Alegre (UNA-SUS/UFCSPA), adapted to the characteristics of each region where the course is offered. Part of this course is based on learning from complex clinical cases. Some clinical cases have been customized according to the regions of the country (North, Northeast and South) where participants exert their activities, considering epidemiological and socio-cultural characteristics of each region. Through the adaptation of 12 complex cases to the realities of the states of Pará and Sergipe, the course, although initially designed regarding the state characteristics of Rio Grande do Sul, can now be offered to those states while maintaining its characteristic of being in compliance with situations that workers experience in their daily lives.

El objetivo del estudio fue describir el proceso de creación de los contenidos del Curso de Especialización en Salud de la Familia (EspSF) promovidopor Universidad Abierta del Sistema Brasileño de Salud/Universidad Federal de Ciencias de la Salud de Porto Alegre (UNA-SUS/UFCSPA), modalidad a distancia, de acuerdo con características de cada región en donde se ofrece el curso. Parte del curso de EspSF se basa en el aprendizaje a partir de casos clínicos complejos. Algunos casos clínicos del curso se personalizaron de acuerdo con la región del país (norte, nordeste o sur) en donde actúa el profesional, considerando características epidemiológicas y socio-culturales de cada región. Con la adaptación de 12 casos complejos a las realidades de los estados de Pará y Sergipe, el curso que fue inicialmente pensado a partir de características del estado de Río Grande do Sul pudo ofrecerse a los referidos estados, manteniendo su característica de fidelidad a las situaciones a las que el profesional está expuesto en su cotidiano.

O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever o processo de criação dos conteúdos do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Família (EspSF) promovido pela UNA-SUS/UFCSPA, modalidade a distância, de acordo com características de cada região onde o curso é ofertado. Parte do curso de EspSF é baseada na aprendizagem a partir de casos clínicos complexos. Alguns casos clínicos do curso foram personalizados de acordo com a região do país (norte, nordeste ou sul) onde o profissional atua, considerando características epidemiológicas e socioculturais de cada região. Com a adaptação de 12 casos complexos às realidades dos estados do Pará e de Sergipe, o curso, que foi inicialmente pensado a partir de características do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, pode ser oferecido aos referidos estados, mantendo a sua característica de fidedignidade às situações, as quais o profissional está exposto no seu cotidiano.

The objective of this study was to describe the process of creating the contents of the e-learning Family Health graduate course, promoted by the Open University of the Brazilian National Health System/Federal University of Porto Alegre (UNA-SUS/UFCSPA), adapted to the characteristics of each region where the course is offered. Part of this course is based on learning from complex clinical cases. Some clinical cases have been customized according to the regions of the country (North, Northeast and South) where participants exert their activities, considering epidemiological and socio-cultural characteristics of each region. Through the adaptation of 12 complex cases to the realities of the states of Pará and Sergipe, the course, although initially designed regarding the state characteristics of Rio Grande do Sul, can now be offered to those states while maintaining its characteristic of being in compliance with situations that workers experience in their daily lives.

El objetivo del estudio fue describir el proceso de creación de los contenidos del Curso de Especialización en Salud de la Familia (EspSF) promovidopor Universidad Abierta del Sistema Brasileño de Salud/Universidad Federal de Ciencias de la Salud de Porto Alegre (UNA-SUS/UFCSPA), modalidad a distancia, de acuerdo con características de cada región en donde se ofrece el curso. Parte del curso de EspSF se basa en el aprendizaje a partir de casos clínicos complejos. Algunos casos clínicos del curso se personalizaron de acuerdo con la región del país (norte, nordeste o sur) en donde actúa el profesional, considerando características epidemiológicas y socio-culturales de cada región. Con la adaptación de 12 casos complejos a las realidades de los estados de Pará y Sergipe, el curso que fue inicialmente pensado a partir de características del estado de Río Grande do Sul pudo ofrecerse a los referidos estados, manteniendo su característica de fidelidad a las situaciones a las que el profesional está expuesto en su cotidiano.

<p>O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a sorção e solubilidade em água, pH e habilidade de difusão na dentina de um cimento para capeamento pulpar à base de glicerol salicilato e compará-lo a um cimento comercial para capeamento pulpar à base de hidróxido de cálcio (Hydcal). Um cimento experimental contendo 60% de resina de glicerol salicilato, 10% de salicilato de metila, 25% de hidróxido de cálcio e 5% de cimento Portland foi formulado. Sorção e solubilidade em água foram determinadas a partir da alteração na massa de espécimes antes e após a imersão em água destilada por 7 dias. Discos dos cimentos foram armazenados em água destilada por 24h, 7 dias e 28 dias e o pH da água foi aferido após cada período. A habilidade de difundir-se no interior de dentina bovina foi avaliada por espectroscopia Raman. O cimento à base de glicerol salicilato apresentou maior sorção e menor solubilidade em comparação com o Hydcal. O pH da água de armazenamento dos espécimes aumentou para ambos os cimentos, chegando a 12,59±0,06 e 12,54±0,05 após 7 dias, para o Hydcal e o cimento à base de glicerol salicilato, respectivamente. Os cimentos foram capazes de promover a alcalinização do meio após 24h e sustentaram a alcalinidade após 28 dias. Hydcal exibiu intensa difusão na dentina até 40 μm de profundidade e o cimento à base de glicerol salicilato penetrou 20 μm. O cimento experimental à base de glicerol salicilato apresentou adequada sorção, solubilidade, habilidade de alcalinizar o meio e difundir-se no interior da dentina para uso como um material para capeamento pulpar.</p>

<p>The purpose of this study was to evaluate the water sorption, solubility, pH and ability to diffuse into dentin of a glycerol salicylate-based, pulp-capping cement in comparison to a conventional calcium hydroxide-based pulp capping material (Hydcal). An experimental cement was developed containing 60% glycerol salicylate resin, 10% methyl salicylate, 25% calcium hydroxide and 5% Portland cement. Water sorption and solubility were determined based on mass changes in the samples before and after the immersion in distilled water for 7 days. Material discs were stored in distilled water for 24 h, 7 days and 28 days, and a digital pHmeter was used to measure the pH of water. The cement's ability to diffuse into bovine dentin was assessed by Raman spectroscopy. The glycerol salicylate-based cement presented higher water sorption and lower solubility than Hydcal. The pH of water used to store the samples increased for both cements, reaching 12.59±0.06 and 12.54±0.05 after 7 days, for Hydcal and glycerol salicylate-based cements, respectively. Both cements were able to turn alkaline the medium at 24 h and sustain its alkalinity after 28 days. Hydcal exhibited an intense diffusion into dentin up to 40 µm deep, and the glycerol salicylate-based cement penetrated 20 µm. The experimental glycerol salicylate-based cement presents good sorption, solubility, ability to alkalize the surrounding tissues and diffusion into dentin to be used as pulp capping material.</p>

Aim: To evaluate the long-term bond strength, degree of conversion and resistance to degradation in ethanol of HEMA-containing and HEMA-free model adhesive resins of a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system. Methods: The superficial dentin of 16 bovine incisor teeth was exposed, and the teeth were divided in two groups according to the HEMA concentration in the experimental adhesive (0% and 15%). In each tooth were made 6 cylindrical composite restorations. Half of the tooth restorations were submitted to microshear bond strength test after 24 h and the other half after 6 months. Degree of conversion of experimental resins was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Crosslink density was indirectly determined by the Knoop hardness of five specimens per group before and after immersion in ethanol for 6 h. Results: The group with 0% HEMA showed no difference in bond strength as compared to the group with 15% HEMA after 24 h or 6 months. There was no difference in degree of conversion and crosslink density between groups. Conclusions: HEMA content of the adhesive resin did not influence the bond strength to dentin, degree of conversion or resistance to degradation in ethanol.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the internal standard peak on the measured degree of conversion (DC) for methacrylate-based resins analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The influence of different baseline measurement methods was also determined. Different blends were prepared, mixing BisGMA/BisEMA and BisGMA/TEGDMA at proportions of 0% to 100%, in weight. Camphoroquinone and ethyl-4-dimethylamino-benzoate were used to permit the light activation of blends. Degree of conversion was evaluated using FTIR equipped with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) device. Samples were dispensed onto ATR crystal and light activated for 40 s. The DC was calculated by relating the height of the peak 1637 cm-1 to the intensity of different internal standard peaks (1715, 1608, or 1582 cm-1), measured using two different baseline methods, before and after polymerization. Data were compared by ANOVA at 5% significance. The relationship between DC and monomer ratio was obtained by regression analysis. Double-bond conversion ranged from 32.75% to 78.50% for BisGMA/BisEMA blends, and from 32.75% to 76.22% for BisGMA/TEGDMA blends. For the BisGMA/BisEMA blends, the DC showed a linear association with the composition of the comonomer blends, independent of the internal standard peak and baseline method used. In contrast, the trends in DC for BisGMA/TEGDMA blends were different for each method of measurement. The internal standard peaks and measurement baseline should be taken into account when using FTIR to calculate the DC of methacrylate-based resins, especially comonomer blends containing a high degree of monomers that lack aromatic rings.

Objective: To verify the influence of radiopaque fillers on an epoxy resin-based sealer. Material and Methods: Experimental sealers were formulated by adding 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% and 120% of calcium tungstate, ytterbium trifluoride or barium sulphate by weight to an epoxy-resin-base. Setting time, flow, film thickness, radiopacity, sorption, solubility, pH and push-out bond strength were evaluated. Results: The setting time ranged from 373 to 612.66 min, the flow varied from 13.81±0.49 to 22.49±0.37 mm, and the film thickness ranged from 16.67±5.77 to 33.33±11.54 µm. The lowest pH was 5.47±0.53, and the highest was 6.99±0.03. Radiopacity varied from 0.38±0.04 to 2.57±0.21 mmAl and increased with the amount of filler. Calcium tungstate sealers had a higher sorption and solubility than other sealers. There was no significant difference in the push-out bond strength among the fillers at the 120% concentration. CONCLUSION: The inorganic fillers evaluated and their concentrations affect the physicochemical properties of an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate two dental curricula at a school of dentistry in southern Brazil. The study population included dentists trained in the last two classes of the institution's old curriculum (n = 98) and graduates of the first two classes of the new curriculum (n = 56). A questionnaire with open and closed questions was used for an overall evaluation of different aspects of the curricula, such as study methods, importance given to basic sciences, quality of theoretical and clinical guidance, perception about skills needed to perform different dental procedures, professional goals and an overall assessment. Students in the new curriculum reported more frequent use of the internet (69.6%) and scientific articles (50.0%). More importance was given to the basic sciences in the new curriculum. Graduates of the old curriculum alleged themselves to be more capable of both performing conventional (99%) and complex amalgam restorations (68.4%), as well as three-unit fixed prostheses (62.2%). Graduates of the new curriculum alleged higher capability with periodontal surgeries (48.2%), treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (58.1%) and public health planning (78.6%). Regarding professional goals, the new curriculum was associated with an increase in the graduates' willingness to work in the public health system and to pursue an academic career. New curriculum graduates reported higher overall assessments regarding their educational, as well as theoretical and clinical, outcomes. A new curricular approach was associated with several changes from the perspective of the students.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of applying 2% chlorhexidine for 30 seconds after phosphoric acid conditioning of dentin on the immediate and long-term bond strengths in deciduous teeth. The occlusal enamel was removed from 40 human sound deciduous molars, which were exfoliated by natural means, and the dentin was conditioned with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds and washed with running water. The specimens were divided into two groups of 20 teeth. The test group received an application of 2% chlorhexidine for 30 seconds prior to a three-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system, whereas the control group received only the adhesive system. Three cylindrical restorations were made with a composite resin for each tooth. Ten teeth in each group were submitted to a microshear bond strength test after 24 hours, while the remaining teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 6 months before testing the microshear bond strength. The test group had a higher bond strength than did the control group after 6 months of storage. No statistical differences were found when groups with the same dentin treatment were compared at different times. Short applications of chlorhexidine at low concentrations prevent hybrid layer degradation and positively affect bond strength over time.