ABSTRACT: The present investigation aimed to evaluate the type of maintenance and the types of machinery in four sawmills in the city of Jaén, the evaluation was carried out through the methodology of direct observation information collection through the data collection sheet instrument, In turn, the type of machinery used in the first transformation sawmill work was identified, with the technical characteristics of each machinery usually consisting of a brushcutter, band saw, circular table saw and a planer. The type of sawmill was classified according to its daily production, being the sawmill the parral, Santa Rosa and Casa Blanca in the category of small and the sawmill the union of very small; process diagrams were also elaborated according to the classification, resulting in two process diagrams; and the classification of maintenance in the studied sawmills is preventive and corrective; It was also determined that it is business-oriented for the La Unión, Santa Rosa and Casa Blanca sawmills and for the El Parral sawmill it is classified as oriented to business-followers.

RESUMEN: La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo clasificar el tipo de mantenimiento y describir el tipo de maquinarias en cuatro aserraderos en la ciudad de Jaén, la evaluación se realizó mediante la metodología de recopilación de información de observación directa mediante el instrumento de ficha de recolección de datos, a su vez se identifico el tipo de maquinaria usada en los trabajos de aserrío de primera transformación, siendo las características técnicas de cada maquinaria conformado usualmente por una desbrozadora, sierra cinta, sierra circular de mesa y una cepilladora. Se clasificó el tipo de aserradero según su producción diaria, siendo el aserradero el parral, santa rosa y casa blanca en categoría de pequeño y el aserradero la unión de muy pequeño; también se elaboraron diagramas de procesos según la clasificación dando como resultado dos diagramas de procesos; y la clasificación del mantenimiento en los aserraderos estudiados es de tipo preventivo y correctivo; también se determinó que es orientado a los negocios para los aserraderos la Unión, Santa Rosa y Casa Blanca y para el aserradero el parral se clasifica en orientado a los negocios - seguidores.

Objective: The number of people suffering from depression and/or anxiety has increased steadily due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this context, web-based exercise interventions have emerged as a potential treatment strategy. The objective of this study was to synthetize evidence from randomized controlled trials regarding the effects of web-based exercise interventions on patients with depressive and/or anxiety disorders. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Six databases were searched (Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science), and eligible articles were identified according to a PICOS inclusion-exclusion approach (participants with depressive or anxiety disorders; web-based exercise interventions; active or passive control group; assessment of changes in depressive or anxiety disorders; randomized design). Primary outcomes were depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. The quality of evidence was assessed with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. Results: Of 7,846 search results, three studies met the inclusion criteria (172 participants between 18 and 65 years of age, 95.9% women). The web-based exercise interventions lasted 8-12 weeks and involved endurance training, yoga, or combined endurance and strength training. The comparators involved non-exercise controls or active controls. Compliance rates were low. Web-based exercise interventions were not superior to controls regarding anxiety symptoms, and only one study found benefits for depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.05). The quality of the cumulative evidence was low. Conclusion: The available data regarding the effects of web-based exercise interventions on depression and/or anxiety symptoms is scarce, the risk of bias is high, and the quality of the cumulative results is low. Currently, no clear recommendations can be provided. Registration number: PROSPERO CRD42021225938.

Abstract Small bowel bleeding (SBB) accounts for 5-10% of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding and its association is unusual in patients with histoplasmosis. The incidence of gastrointestinal histoplasmosis is unknown since only 3-12% present symptoms, predominantly in immunocompromised patients. However, in immunocompetent hosts, it is reported only in 0.05% of cases. A clinical case of an immunocompetent patient with massive SBB, Grade IV hypovolemic shock associated with systemic histoplasmosis and treated with intestinal resection and amphotericin B is hereby discussed.

Abstract Background: The incidence of vertebral fractures is high and the new treatment options developed in recent years represent a significant improvement, although they are not without complications. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) was associated with clinical and radiological subsequent adjacent fractures. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed searching on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrial.gov from the establishment of the database to January 2020. Eligible studies assessing the subsequent adjacent fractures after PVA compared with conservative treatment (CT) were incorporated. The pooled risk ratio (RR) with its 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) was used. Heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias analyses were performed. Results: Twenty-four studies were considered eligible and were included finally. 20/421 patients (4.75%) had clinical subsequent adjacent fractures from the PVA group, and 25/359 patients (6.96%) had from the CT group, and 46/440 patients (10.45%) from the PVA group and 36/444 patients (8.10%) from the CT group had radiological subsequent adjacent fractures. There both had no significant difference between two groups (RR = 0.67, 95%CI: [0.38, 1.19], p = 0.17)/(RR = 1.13, 95% CI: [0.75, 1.70], p = 0.576). However, in fractured vertebrae, number in the PVA group was more than that in the CT group (RR=1.41, 95%CI: [1.03, 1.93], p = 0.03). Conclusion: Collectively, currently available literature provides data showed that PVA did not increase the incidence for subsequent adjacent fractures, no matter it was clinical or radiological fracture. However, PVA may increase the number of fractured vertebrae.

Resumen Antecedentes: La incidencia de fracturas vertebrales es elevada y las nuevas opciones de tratamiento desarrolladas en los últimos años suponen una mejoría importante, aunque no se encuentran exentas de complicaciones. Objetivos: El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar si el tratamiento vertebral percutáneo se asoció con fracturas en los niveles adyacentes, tanto clínicas como radiológicas, en los controles posteriores. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática y un metanálisis buscando en PubMed, EMBASE, la biblioteca Cochrane, Google Scholar, Web of Science y ClinicalTrial.gov desde el establecimiento de la base de datos hasta enero de 2020. Se eligieron estudios elegibles que evalúan las fracturas adyacentes posteriores después de PVA en comparación con tratamiento conservador (CT). Se utilizó la razón de riesgo (RR), agrupada con sus intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC del 95%). Se realizaron análisis de heterogeneidad, de sensibilidad y de sesgo de publicación. Resultados: Se consideraron elegibles 24 estudio, que se incluyeron finalmente. Del total de pacientes estudiados, 20/421 pacientes (4.75%) tuvieron fracturas adyacentes clínicas posteriores del grupo PVA, y 25/359 pacientes (6,96%) tuvieron del grupo CT, y 46/440 pacientes (10.45%) del grupo PVA y 36/444 pacientes (8.10 %) del grupo CT tenía fracturas adyacentes radiológicas posteriores. No existieron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos (RR = 0.67, IC 95%: [0.38, 1.19], p = 0.17) / (RR = 1.13, IC 95%: [0.75, 1.70], p = 0.576). Sin embargo, en las vértebras fracturadas, el número en el grupo PVA fue mayor que en el grupo CT (RR = 1.41, IC 95%: [1.03, 1.93], p = 0.03). Conclusión: Desde un punto de vista general, la literatura actualmente disponible proporciona datos que muestran que el PVA no aumentó la incidencia de fracturas adyacentes posteriores, sin importar si fue una fractura clínica o radiológica. Pero el PVA puede aumentar el número de vértebras fracturadas.

Resumo Schizodon engloba aproximadamente 15 espécies de peixes neotropicais. A taxonomia integrativa, combinando análises moleculares e morfométricas com métodos taxonômicos tradicionais, foi utilizada para investigar Schizodon vittatus e sua potencial espécie irmã. As diferenças moleculares (DNA barcoding) entre as duas espécies são maiores do que a variação intraespecífica observada em espécies congêneres, e as duas espécies representam linhagens distintas por aproximadamente um milhão de anos. As duas espécies são morfologicamente muito similares e os dados merísticos mostram grande sobreposição. As análises morfométricas também mostraram sobreposição entre as duas espécies, mas indicaram diferenças na altura do pedúnculo caudal, no diâmetro interorbital, e no comprimento dos raios da nadadeira anal. O padrão de colorido parece fornecer uma característica diagnóstica clara para as duas espécies. Schizodon vittatus normalmente possui quatro faixas escuras transversais no corpo e sua espécie irmã tem três faixas, com a quarta, se presente, inconspícua e dorsal à linha lateral. Schizodon vittatus é redescrita com base no tipo e em espécimes coletados recentemente; sua localidade tipo é revisitada e a sua distribuição conhecida é restringida às drenagens do Araguaia e Tocantins. A nova espécie, irmã de S. vittatus e distribuída nas drenagens do Xingu e Tapajós, é descrita. Uma chave para a identificação das espécies do clado amazônico de Schizodon é apresentada.

Abstract Schizodon encompasses approximately 15 species of Neotropical headstanding fishes. Integrative taxonomy, combining molecular and morphometric analyses with traditional taxonomic methods, was used to investigate Schizodon vittatus and its potential new sister species. Molecular differences between the two species in the barcode are greater than intra-specific variation recovered in species of Schizodon, and the two species represent distinct lineages for approximately one million years. The two species are morphologically very similar, and the meristic data showed great overlap. Morphometric analyses also showed overlap among the putative species but indicated differences in caudal-peduncle depth, orbital diameter, and length of anal-fin rays. Color pattern seems to provide a clear diagnostic feature for the two species. Schizodon vittatus usually has four dark brown transversal bars on body, and its sister species has three conspicuous bars, with the fourth, if present, inconspicuous and dorsal to the lateral line. Schizodon vittatus is redescribed based on the type and recently collected specimens, its type locality is revisited, and its known distribution restricted to the Araguaia and Tocantins drainages. The new species, sister to S. vittatus, distributed in the Xingu and Tapajós drainages, is described. A key for the identification of the Amazon clade species of Schizodon is provided.

Abstract The spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 is a neurodegenerative disease with autosomal dominant inheritance; clinically characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, slow ocular saccades, nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, dysarthria, dysphagia, cognitive deterioration, mild dementia, peripheral neuropathy. Infantile onset is a rare presentation that only has been reported in four instances in the literature. In the present work a boy aged 5 years 7 months was studied due to horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus, without saccades, ataxic gait, dysarthria, dysphagia, dysmetria, generalized spasticity mainly pelvic, bilateral Babinsky. The mother aged 27 years-old presented progressive cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesis, limb ataxia and olivopontocerebellar atrophy. The molecular analysis was made by identifying the expansion repeats in tandem by long PCR to analyze the repeats in the ATXN2 gene. We found an extreme CAG expansion repeats of ~884 repeats in the child. We describe a Mexican child affected by SCA2 with an infantile onset, associated with a high number of CAG repeats previously no reported and anticipation phenomenon.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza un prototipo para un inversor elevador cuasi-conmutado (qSBI) alimentando una carga resistiva aislada desde una fuente de CC. Se propone el uso de una modulación de ancho de pulso de vectores espaciales (SPWM) con comparación triangular que genera un incremento en el factor de ganancia del qSBI, y se contrasta su desempeño con otro tipo de modulaciones de vectores espaciales, tales como las modulaciones discontinuas. Para verificar la validez de la extensión de rango de tensión en el convertidor qSBI, se desarrolló una plataforma de pruebas semi-personalizada. Esta plataforma utiliza una tarjeta DSP de punto flotante (Analog Devices ADSP-21369) para el procesamiento de las estrategias de control, y una tarjeta de interfaz que incluye un arreglo lógico programable (FPGA) de Xilinx (Spartan-3), que permite desarrollar la modulación sincronizada que el qSBI necesita. Los resultados experimentales demuestran mejoras en el desempeño del convertidor qSBI en cuanto al factor de ganancia, reducción del estrés de voltaje en el capacitor y los perfiles de corriente de entrada. Las estrategias discontinuas de modulación del vector espacial no presentan un buen desempeño cuando se compara con las modulaciones continuas SVPWM o SPWM, ya que los niveles de rizado en las corrientes tomadas del módulo PV son de aproximadamente el doble que en el caso de las técnicas de modulación continuas. Finalmente, el uso del convertidor qSBI como microinversor es puesto en evidencia por dos casos experimentales prácticos de un sistema fotovoltaico PV con un algoritmo de ajuste del máximo punto de potencia (MPPT).

Abstract This work analyzes a prototype of a quasi-switched boost inverter (qSBI) feeding an isolated resistive load from a DC source. The use of spatial vector pulse width modulation (SPWM) with triangular comparison is proposed to increase the qSBI gain factor, and its performance is contrasted with other types of spatial vector modulations, such as discontinuous modulations. To verify the validity of the method for voltage range extension in the qSBI converter, a semi-customized test platform was developed. This platform uses a DSP floating point card (Analog Devices ADSP-21369) for processing and control strategies and an interface card that includes a programmable logic array (FPGA) from Xilinx (Spartan-3), which allows to develop the synchronized modulation qSBI needs. The experimental results show improvements in the performance of the qSBI converter in terms of gain factor, voltage reduction in the capacitor, and input current profiles. Discontinuous space vector modulation strategies do not perform well when compared to continuous SVPWM or SPWM modulations, because the ripple levels in the currents taken from the PV module are approximately twice as great as in continuous modulation techniques. Finally, the usefulness of a qSBI as PV microinverter is confirmed by two practical experimental cases of a PV photovoltaic system with a maximum power point adjustment algorithm (MPPT).

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the casuistics of left atrial myxoma with emphasis on results and follow-up. Method: We reviewed the clinical records of patients operated in the Hospital Cardiac Myxomas South Central High Specialty (HCSAE) of PEMEX in the last 7 years, with an emphasis on results and follow-up. Results: The analysis showed 10 patients, of whom 60% were female and 40% male, with ages from 12 to 76 years, with a mean age of 50 years. In the clinical characteristics of patients predominated dyspnea in 90%, followed by fatigue (80%) and chest pain (60%). The incidence was 90% for the left atrium and 10% for the right atrium, had tumors less than 3 cm to up to over 10 cm (average of 6 to 7 cm). The pathology report was myxoma in the 100% of cases, the morbidity and early mortality was 0%, with a mean hospital stay of 6 days, and a patient of 12 years of age recurred and underwent surgery five months later. The 5-year survival was 100%. Conclusions: The incidence of myxomas is well known for rare presentation, the experience in this national medical center is one patient for every 350 operations, one case per year with no mortality and excellent survival.

Resumen: Objetivo: Analizar la casuística del mixoma auricular izquierdo, haciendo énfasis en los resultados y seguimiento. Método: Se revisaron los expedientes clínicos de los pacientes operados de mixomas cardiacos en el Hospital Central Sur de Alta Especialidad (HCSAE) de PEMEX en los últimos 7 años, haciendo hincapié en los resultados y seguimiento. Resultados: El análisis mostró 10 pacientes, de los cuales el 60% fueron mujeres y el 40% varones; las edades fueron de los 12 a los 76 años, con una edad media de 50 años. En las características clínicas de los pacientes predominó la disnea en un 90%, seguido de la fatiga (80%) y dolor torácico (60%). La incidencia fue del 90% para la aurícula izquierda y del 10% en aurícula derecha, hubo tumores de menos de 3 cm hasta mayores de 10 cm (media de 6-7 cm). El informe de patología fue de mixoma en el 100% de los casos, La morbimortalidad temprana fue del 0%, con una estancia hospitalaria promedio de 6 días; una paciente de 12 años tuvo una recidiva y se sometió otra vez a cirugía 5 meses más tarde. La supervivencia a 5 años es del 100%. Conclusiones: Se sabe que la presentación de Mixomas es muy poco frecuente, la experiencia en este Centro de Concentración Nacional, es de un paciente por cada 350 cirugías, en promedio un caso por año con una nula mortalidad y una excelente supervivencia.

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectocontagious respiratory disease caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. A 7 base pair (bp) deletion in the locus polyketide synthase (pks)15/1 is described as polymorphic among members of the M. tuberculosis complex, enabling the identification of Euro-American, Indo-Oceanic and Asian lineages. The aim of this study was to characterise this locus in TB isolates from Mexico. One hundred twenty clinical isolates were recovered from the states of Veracruz and Estado de Mexico. We determined the nucleotide sequence of a ± 400 bp fragment of the locus pks15/1, while genotypic characterisation was performed by spoligotyping. One hundred and fifty isolates contained the 7 bp deletion, while five had the wild type locus. Lineages X (22%), LAM (18%) and T (17%) were the most frequent; only three (2%) of the isolates were identified as Beijing and two (1%) EAI-Manila. The wild type pks15/1 locus was observed in all Asian lineage isolates tested. Our results confirm the utility of locus pks15/1 as a molecular marker for identifying Asian lineages of the M. tuberculosis complex. This marker could be of great value in the epidemiological surveillance of TB, especially in countries like Mexico, where the prevalence of such lineages is unknown.

This work was carried out in orchards of Mexican lime [Citrus aurantifolia (Christm) Swingle] affected by Huanglongbing (HLB) disease and located in the state of Colima, Mexico. The objectives of this work were to characterize the symptoms of the disease in the trees, to evaluate the effect of HLB on the yield and other physical characteristics of the fruit, to determine its dispersion within an orchard and quantify the total orchards affected by HLB. Results showed that in this citrus species, the new vegetative shoots grow strong and healthy looking despite having emerged from symptomatic branches. The symptoms start as small yellowish spots on the leaves when the shoots are 45 to 60 days old. And they show the asymmetric diffuse mottling characteristic of HLB disease when they are 60 to 70 days old. This damage was observed in trees located inside of a structure covered with anti-aphid mesh and also in unprotected trees in the field. There was a significant yield reduction proportional to the percentage of canopy affected by the disease. In HLB symptomatic branches of diseased trees, the fruit was smaller but no misshapen fruits, inverted ripeness or an increase in the number of aborted seeds were detected. In an orchard without HLB vector control, the disease was detected in 53 % of the trees in only one year. HLB is widely spread throughout Colima state. This is the first report on HLB disease symptoms in Mexican lime and their effects on yield and fruit quality.

El trabajo se desarrolló en huertas de limón Mexicano [Citrus aurantifolia (Christm) Swingle] en Colima, México, que fueron afectadas por el Huanglongbing (HLB). Tuvo como objetivo caracterizar los síntomas de la enfermedad en el árbol, conocer su efecto sobre el rendimiento y algunas características físicas de la fruta, así como determinar su dispersión dentro de un huerto y cuantificar los huertos afectados por HLB. Los resultados muestran que en este cítrico los brotes vegetativos nuevos crecen vigorosos y con aspecto saludable, a pesar de que emerjan de ramillas sintomáticas. Los primeros síntomas aparecen como pequeños puntos amarillentos en las hojas cuando los brotes tienen entre 45 y 60 días de edad. Después de los 60 o 70 días se puede apreciar el moteado difuso asimétrico, característico del HLB. Este daño se apreció tanto en árboles resguardados dentro de una casa de malla antiáfidos, así como en los que estuvieron a cielo abierto. Se registró fuerte reducción en el rendimiento, asociado con la proporción de la copa afectada por la enfermedad. En ramas sintomáticas la fruta tuvo menor tamaño, pero no se detectaron frutos deformes, con maduración invertida o incremento del número de semillas abortadas. En un huerto sin control del vector, en un sólo año se detectó la enfermedad en el 53 % de los árboles. Este es el primer reporte sobre los síntomas de la enfermedad del HLB en limón mexicano y sus efectos en el rendimiento y la calidad de la fruta. El HLB ya ha sido detectado en todo el estado de Colima.

In this article a non-linear model for dynamic analysis of rotating thin-walled composite beams is introduced. The theory is deduced in the context of classic variational principles and the finite element method is employed to discretize and furnish a numerical approximation to the motion equations. The model considers shear flexibility as well as non-linear inertial terms, Coriolis' effects, among others. The clamping stiffness of the beam to the rotating hub is modeled through a set of spring factors. The model serves as a mean deterministic basis to the studies of stochastic dynamics, which are the objective of the present article. Uncertainties should be considered in order to improve the predictability of a given modeling scheme. In a rotating structural system, uncertainties are present due to a number of facts, namely, loads, material properties, etc. In this study the uncertainties are incorporated in the beam-to-hub connection (i.e. the connection angle and the springs) and the rotating velocity. The probability density functions of the uncertain parameters are derived employing the Maximum Entropy Principle. Different numerical studies are conducted to show the main characteristics of the uncertainty propagation in the dynamics of rotating composite beams.

OBJETIVO: Estudar bioprótese com descontinuidade do anel de sustentação, a bioprótese "Less Stented ®". O objetivo da fase 1 do trabalho foi o seu estudo "in vitro", onde foram avaliadas as características hemodinâmicas. O objetivo da fase 2 é relatar a experiência clínica inicial. MÉTODO: As biopróteses foram confeccionadas e avaliadas laboratorialmente na Braile Biomédica, em São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. São próteses de pericárdio bovino, tratadas com glutaraldeído, segundo os mesmos padrões das próteses "stented". As próteses foram testadas no simulador de pulso e analisadas em simulador cardíaco. Foi realizada análise clínica e laboratorial (ecoDopplercardiografia e ressonância magnética) dos pacientes. RESULTADOS: A análise do gradiente pressórico transvalvar mostrou que ao longo do fluxo médio, equivalente ao débito cardíaco e que variou de 4,39 a 7,96 l/min, o gradiente transvalvar se manteve dentro de níveis clinicamente aceitáveis (6,37 a 11,62 mmHg). A curva de regressão mostrou boa correlação com o aumento de débito cardíaco com R² = 0,8291. A fração regurgitante variou de 10,95 a 17,94%, sendo que a fração de vazamento variou de 4,49 a 7,87%. Quanto ao coeficiente de descarga, ao índice de performance e ao de eficiência, verificou-se que esses parâmetros mostraram comportamento favorável com aumento progressivo do débito cardíaco, com excelente correlação tanto para o coeficiente de descarga, quanto para o índice de performance e o índice de eficiência (R² respectivamente, 0,9385; 0,9332; 0,9024). Os dois pacientes submetidos ao implante da bioprótese "Less- Stented®" apresentaram evolução clínica satisfatória. CONCLUSÃO: A bioprótese "Less-Stented®"poderá representar uma nova alternativa de substituto valvar.

OBJECTIVE: To study a bioprosthesis with discontinuation of the annular support, named the "Less Stented®" bioprosthesis. The Phase 1 objective was the "in vitro" study, during which the hemodynamic characteristics were analyzed. Phase 2 of this study consisted of an initial clinical implant protocol. METHOD: The "Less Stented" bioprosthesis consists in a glutaraldehyde treated bovine pericardium prosthesis manufactured by Braile Biomedica Ltda, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil, using the same manufacturing protocols as the stented bioprosthesis but with discontinuation of the annular suport. Bioprostheses were tested in a pulse simulator system and analyzed in cardiac simulator. with respect to the transvalvular gradient, regurgitant fraction and leakage volume, discharge coefficient, performance and efficiency index. The two patients of clinical protocol were analyzed according to the functional class (NYHA), an echocardiographic study and magnetic resonance, in both pre and postoperative periods. RESULTS: The transvalvular gradients ranged between 6.37 and 11.62 mmHg with a mean flow between 4.39 and 7.96 L/min, giving a good correlation (0.8291) on the regression curve with the increase in flow. The regurgitant fraction ranged between 10.95% and 17.94% and leakage volume between 4.49% and 7.87%. The discharge coefficient, performance and efficiency index showed favorable behavior with the flow increase, with good coefficient correlations for all three variables (0.9385, 0.9332 and 0.9024, respectively). The two patients submitted to "Less Stented®" bioprostheses implant presented good clinical evolutions. CONCLUSION: "Less Stented®" bioprostheses may represent a new alternative to aortic valve replacement.