ABSTRACT This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a commercial antioxidant (CAO; Rendox Plus®) treatment in stabilizing the poultry byproduct meal (PBPM) and then the subsequent effect of the treated PBPM on growth of broilers. Five batches A, B, C, D and E of PBPM were treated with CAO at 0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mL/ton, respectively and stored for 42 days. Oxidative stability of PBPM was estimated on day 0 and then weekly using Peroxide Value and Thiobarbituric Acid tests. PBPMs treated with 750 &1000 mL/ton presented the least oxidation and were selected to be included in broiler diets. A total of 240 one-day-old non-sexed Hubbard broilers were randomly divided into two flocks of 120 birds each. Each flock was further divided into four groups with three replicates of 10 birds each. The selected PBPMs (D and E) were added at 4%, 5%, 6% and 7% in the starter and grower diets. The experiment lasted for 35 days. The PBPM treated with 1000 mLCAO/ton exhibited the lowest (p<0.05) oxidation level compared to other treated PBPMs. PBPMs with up to 7% CAO inclusion rate did not influence (p>0.05) broiler feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, final body weight, carcass traits, or mortality rate. It was concluded that CAO was effective in stabilizing PBPM, and up to 7% (70 g/kg) of CAO-treated PBPM can be safely included in broiler diets without any harmful effect on their performance.

ABSTRACT A series of molecules bearing multiple functional groups were synthesized to study their antibiotic effect against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and lipoxygenase activity as well. 2,4-Dimethylcarbolic acid (1) was refluxed with ethyl 2-bromoacetate to synthesize ethyl 2-(2,4-dimethylphenoxy)acetate (2). Compound 2 was converted to the corresponding hydrazide 3, again on refluxing with hydrazine. The compound 5-((2,4-dimethylphenoxy)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-thiol (4) was synthesized by the reaction of 3 and CS2 in the presence of KOH. Compound 4 was further converted to the corresponding ester 5 and then 2-(5-((2,4-dimethylphenoxy)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)acetohydrazide (6). The final molecules N'-substituted-2-(5-((2,4-dimethylphenoxy)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)acetohydrazide, 8a-m, bearing ether, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, thioether, hydrazone and azomethine functional groups were synthesized by stirring the aryl carboxaldehydes 7a-m with 6 in methanol at room temperature. The depicted structures of all synthesized molecules were corroborated by IR, 1H-NMR and EIMS spectral data analysis. 8m and 8i showed substantial antibacterial activity and lipoxygenase inhibitory activity, respectively.