Abstract Although cultivars of autogamous plants are homogeneous genotypes, they may show natural variability due to mechanical mixing, natural hybridization, and mutation. The aim of the present study was to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters and to identify and select superior genotypes that associate good performance in traits of interest from a heterogeneous population derived from the cultivar BRS Favorita RR. The evaluation experiments were carried out in two crop years and five cities of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, in a lattice design, using progenies and the control ‘BRS Favorita RR’. Plant height, first pod height, days to full maturity, lodging score, and grain yield were evaluated. For estimation of the variance components, analysis of deviance was performed by the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) method. The results show that there is difference among treatments and that it is possible to select progenies that outperform the control for all traits evaluated.

O desequilíbrio nutricional, principalmente dos micronutrientes, tem sido um dos fatores para perdas na produção de sementes. Esses nutrientes desempenham papel em rotas bioquímicas que garantem a formação de lipídeos, proteínas e ainda contribuem na estruturação das membranas celulares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da aplicação de Mn na folha e no solo, sobre o rendimento e a qualidade de sementes de soja, cultivares Conquista e Garimpo. A qualidade das sementes foi avaliada por meio de testes de germinação, envelhecimento artificial, condutividade elétrica, índice de velocidade de emergência e pela determinação dos teores de proteína e óleo. Verificaram-se aumentos na produtividade, na germinação, no vigor e nos teores de proteína e óleo das sementes e no teor de Mn na planta, nas duas formas de aplicação do Mn, com maior grau de eficiência da aplicação na folha.

The nutritional unbalance, mainly with micronutrients, has contributed for losses in seeds yields. These nutrients are carrying out in biochemistry paths responsible for metabolism of lipids, proteins, and structure in cells membranes. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of Mn application (leaf or soil) on yield and seed quality of two soybean cultivars, Garimpo and Conquista. Seed quality was assessed through germination test, accelerated ageing, electrical conductivity, emergence speed, protein and oil content. The application of Mn in the soil or sprayed on the leaves increased its content in plant tissue, improved seed quality by increasing its protein and oil content as well as its germination and vigor. The Mn sprayed on the leaves was more efficient than when this nutrient was applied in the soil.