Pesquisa | SciELO

RESUMO: O pequi (Caryocar spp.) é um fruto nativo do cerrado brasileiro e Caryocar brasiliense Camb. é uma das espécies mais prevalentes neste bioma. O consumo da polpa de pequi tem sido associado a benefícios à saúde, como efeitos antioxidantes, anti-inflamatórios, hipolipidêmicos, hepatoprotetores e anticarcinogênicos. Esses benefícios têm sido atribuídos à sua alta densidade em nutrientes e compostos bioativos. No entanto, há evidências de considerável variação no perfil nutricional entre polpas de pequi de diferentes espécies, e entre polpas da mesma espécie, mas de diferentes áreas do cerrado. Além disso, não há informações na literatura sobre o perfil de polifenóis da polpa de C. brasiliense, tampouco sobre a influência da área nativa do fruto na composição desses fitoquímicos. Assim, este estudo analisou a composição de nutrientes e identificou os compostos fenólicos na polpa de frutos de C. brasiliense nativos de quatro diferentes áreas do Cerrado. Houve notável variação nos teores de energia (176,3-387,2 kcal/100 g) e lipídios (13,0-37,5 g/100 g) entre as amostras. Em contrapartida, não foi encontrada diferença na composição em polifenóis, uma vez que ácido gálico, ácido protocatecuico, catequina, epicatequina, ácido p-cumárico e ácido elágico foram identificados em todas as polpas de pequi analisadas. A polpa de C. brasiliense tem potencial para ser utilizada como ingrediente funcional rico em compostos bioativos, porém com diferentes teores de energia e lipídios de acordo com a área nativa do fruto para atender a distintas alegações de saúde do produto.

ABSTRACT: Pequi (Caryocar spp.) is a fruit native to the Brazilian Savannah (Cerrado), and Caryocar brasilienseCamb. is one of the most prevalent species in this biome. The consumption of the pequi pulp has been associated with health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects. These benefits have been attributed to its high density in nutrients and bioactive compounds. However, there is evidence about considerable variation in the nutritional profile among pequi pulps of different species, and among pulps of the same species, but from different areas of the Cerrado. In addition, there is no information in literature regarding the polyphenols profile of C. brasiliense pulp, neither about the influence of the native area of the fruit on the composition of these phytochemicals. So, this study analyzed the nutrient composition and identified the phenolic compounds in the pulp of C. brasiliense fruits native to four different areas of the Cerrado. There was a remarkable variation in the contents of energy (176.3-387.2 kcal/100 g) and lipids (13.0-37.5 g/100 g) among samples. In contrast, no difference was observed in the polyphenols composition, since gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, catechin, epicatechin, p-coumaric acid, and ellagic acid were identified in all pequi pulps. C. brasiliense pulp shows potential to be used as a functional ingredient rich in bioactive compounds, but with different contents of energy and lipids according to the fruit’s native area to attempt distinct health allegations of the product.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220063

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Prevalence of Bartonella species in shelter cats and their ectoparasites in southeastern Brazil
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Raimundo, Juliana Macedo

; Guimarães, Andresa

; Amaro, Gleice Marques

; Silva, Aline Tonussi da

; Rodrigues, Caio Junior Balduino Coutinho

; Santos, Huarrisson Azevedo

; Lemos, Elba Regina Sampaio de

; Favacho, Alexsandra Rodrigues de Mendonça

; Baldani, Cristiane Divan

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2022, Volume 31 Nº 1 elocation e014221

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Algumas espécies de Bartonella têm os felinos como principais hospedeiros reservatórios. Tais patógenos são transmitidos ao homem por intermédio da arranhadura ou mordedura de gatos e entre os gatos, por meio da pulga Ctenocephalides felis. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de DNA de Bartonella spp. em gatos de abrigos e seus ectoparasitas e a relação entre o estado de infecção dos gatos e dos ectoparasitas albergados por estes. Material genético bacteriano foi detectado em 47,8% das amostras de sangue de gatos, 18,3% das pulgas C. felis, 13,3% dos "pools" de ovos de pulgas e 12,5% dos "pools" de piolhos. DNA de B. henselae e B. clarridgeiae foi detectado em pulgas, e B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae e B. koehlerae, em amostras de sangue de gatos. Gatos infestados por ectoparasitas que carreavam DNA de Bartonella spp. demonstraram aproximadamente o dobro de chance de estarem infectados. Esses resultados indicam que os gatos de abrigos têm alta prevalência de infecção por espécies de Bartonella, capazes de causar doenças no homem. E também destacam a importância do controle e prevenção da infestação por ectoparasitas, no intuito de prevenir a infecção em gatos e humanos.

Abstract Feline Bartonella can be transmitted to humans through cat scratches or bites, and between cats, by the flea Ctenocephalides felis. The study was carried out in order to investigate the occurrence of Bartonella DNA in cats living in shelters and their ectoparasites and the relationship between the infection status of cats and ectoparasites they host. Bartonella DNA was detected in 47.8% of the cat blood samples, 18.3% of C. felis fleas, 13.3% of flea egg pools and 12.5% of lice pools. B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae DNA were detected in cat fleas, while B. henselae, B. clarridgeiae and B. koehlerae were found in blood samples from bacteremic cats. Cats infested by positive ectoparasites showed approximately twice the odds of being infected. Our results indicate that shelter cats have high prevalence of Bartonella species that are known to be human pathogens. This highlights the importance of controlling infestations by ectoparasites to avoid cat and human infection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612022006

Efeitos do Exercício Aeróbico Tardio na Remodelação Cardíaca de Ratos com Infarto do Miocárdio Pequeno
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Souza, Lidiane M.

; Okoshi, Marina P.

; Gomes, Mariana J.

; Gatto, Mariana

; Rodrigues, Eder A.

; Pontes, Thierres H. D.

; Damatto, Felipe C.

; Oliveira, Leiliane R. S.

; Borim, Patrícia Aparecida

; Lima, Aline R. R.

; Zornoff, Leonardo A. M.

; Okoshi, Katashi

; Pagan, Luana U.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Abr 2021, Volume 116 Nº 4 Páginas 784 - 792

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: O exercício físico tem sido considerado uma importante terapia não farmacológica para a prevenção e tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares. No entanto, seus efeitos na remodelação cardíaca leve não são claros. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do exercício aeróbico sobre a capacidade funcional, estrutura cardíaca, função ventricular esquerda (VE) e expressão gênica das subunidades da NADPH oxidase em ratos com infarto do miocárdio pequeno (IM). Métodos: Três meses após a indução do IM, ratos Wistar foram divididos em três grupos: Sham; IM sedentário (IM-SED); e IM exercício aeróbico (IM-EA). Os ratos se exercitaram em uma esteira três vezes por semana durante 12 semanas. Um ecocardiograma foi realizado antes e após o treinamento. O tamanho do infarto foi avaliado por histologia e a expressão gênica por RT-PCR. O nível de significância para análise estatística foi estabelecido em 5%. Resultados: Ratos com IM menor que 30% da área total do VE foram incluídos no estudo. A capacidade funcional foi maior no IM-EA do que nos ratos Sham e IM-SED. O tamanho do infarto não diferiu entre os grupos. Ratos infartados apresentaram aumento do diâmetro diastólico e sistólico do VE, diâmetro do átrio esquerdo e massa do VE, com disfunção sistólica. A espessura relativa da parede foi menor no grupo IM-SED do que nos grupos IM-EA e Sham. A expressão gênica das subunidades NADPH oxidase NOX2, NOX4, p22phox e p47phox não diferiu entre os grupos. Conclusão: Infarto do miocárdio pequeno altera a estrutura cardíaca e a função sistólica do VE. O exercício aeróbico tardio pode melhorar a capacidade funcional e a remodelação cardíaca por meio da preservação da geometria ventricular esquerda. A expressão gênica das subunidades da NADPH oxidase não está envolvida na remodelação cardíaca, nem é modulada pelo exercício aeróbico em ratos com infarto do miocárdio pequeno.

Abstract Background: Physical exercise has been considered an important non-pharmacological therapy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its effects on minor cardiac remodeling are not clear. Objective: To evaluate the influence of aerobic exercise on the functional capacity, cardiac structure, left ventricular (LV) function, and gene expression of NADPH oxidase subunits in rats with small-sized myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Three months after MI induction, Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Sham; sedentary MI (MI-SED); and aerobic exercised MI (MI-AE). The rats exercised on a treadmill three times a week for 12 weeks. An echocardiogram was performed before and after training. The infarction size was evaluated by histology, and gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR. The significance level for statistical analysis was set at 5%. Results: Rats with MI lower than 30% of the LV total area were included in the study. Functional capacity was higher in MI-AE than in Sham and MI-SED rats. The infarction size did not differ between groups. Infarcted rats had increased LV diastolic and systolic diameter, left atrial diameter, and LV mass, with systolic dysfunction. Relative wall thickness was lower in MI-SED than in the MI-AE and Sham groups. Gene expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, and p47phox did not differ between groups. Conclusion: Small-sized MI changes cardiac structure and LV systolic function. Late aerobic exercise is able to improve functional capacity and cardiac remodeling by preserving the left ventricular geometry. NADPH oxidase subunits gene expression is not involved in cardiac remodeling or modulated by aerobic exercise in rats with small-sized MI.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190813 362 downloads

Use and misuse of biomarkers and the role of D-dimer and C-reactive protein in the management of COVID-19: A post-hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study
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Gonçalves, Fabio Augusto Rodrigues

; Besen, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro

; Lima, Clarice Antunes de

; Corá, Aline Pivetta

; Pereira, Antônio José Rodrigues

; Perazzio, Sandro Félix

; Gouvea, Christiane Pereira

; Fonseca, Luiz Augusto Marcondes

; Trindade, Evelinda Marramon

; Sumita, Nairo Massakazu

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Lichtenstein, Arnaldo

; Bonfa, Eloisa

; Utiyama, Edivaldo M.

; Segurado, Aluisio C.

; Perondi, Beatriz

; Miethke-Morais, Anna

; Montal, Amanda C.

; Harima, Leila

; Fusco, Solange R. G.

; Silva, Marjorie F.

; Rocha, Marcelo C.

; Marcilio, Izabel

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Kawano, Fabiane Yumi Ogihara

; Jesus, Maria Amélia de

; Kallas, Ésper George

; Carmo, Carolina

; Tanaka, Clarice

; Souza, Heraldo Possolo de

; Marchini, Julio F. M.

; Carvalho, Carlos

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Levin, Anna Sara Shafferman

; Oliveira, Maura Salaroli

; Guimarães, Thaís

; Lázari, Carolina dos Santos

; Sabino, Ester

; Magri, Marcello M. C.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcisio E. P.

; Francisco, Maria Cristina Peres Braido

; Costa, Silvia F.

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3547

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with high mortality among hospitalized patients and incurs high costs. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection can trigger both inflammatory and thrombotic processes, and these complications can lead to a poorer prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the association and temporal trends of D-dimer and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels with the incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), hospital mortality, and costs among inpatients with COVID-19. METHODS: Data were extracted from electronic patient records and laboratory databases. Crude and adjusted associations for age, sex, number of comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at admission, and D-dimer or CRP logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: Between March and June 2020, COVID-19 was documented in 3,254 inpatients. The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL fibrinogen equivalent unit (FEU) mortality odds ratio (OR) was 4.48 (adjusted OR: 1.97). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for death was 7.73 (adjusted OR: 3.93). The D-dimer level ≥4,000 ng/mL FEU VTE OR was 3.96 (adjusted OR: 3.26). The CRP level ≥220 mg/dL OR for VTE was 2.71 (adjusted OR: 1.92). All these analyses were statistically significant (p<0.001). Stratified hospital costs demonstrated a dose-response pattern. Adjusted D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher mortality and doubled hospital costs. In the first week, elevated D-dimer levels predicted VTE occurrence and systemic inflammatory harm, while CRP was a hospital mortality predictor. CONCLUSION: D-dimer and CRP levels were associated with higher hospital mortality and a higher incidence of VTE. D-dimer was more strongly associated with VTE, although its discriminative ability was poor, while CRP was a stronger predictor of hospital mortality. Their use outside the usual indications should not be modified and should be discouraged.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3547

COMVC-19: A Program to protect healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. What we have learned
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Fukuti, Pedro

; Uchôa, Caroline Louise Mesquita

; Mazzoco, Marina Flaborea

; Cruz, Isabella D'Andrea Garcia da

; Echegaray, Mariana V.F.

; Humes, Eduardo de Castro

; Silveira, Júlia Belizário

; Santi, Talita Di

; Miguel, Euripedes Constantino

; Corchs, Felipe

; Fatori, Daniel

; Campello, Guilherme

; Oliveira, Gabriel M. de

; Argolo, Felipe C.

; Ferreira, Felipe de M.

; Machado, Gustavo

; Argeu, Adriana

; Oliveira, Graça Maria Ramos de

; Serafim, Antônio de Pádua

; Siqueira, Luciana de Lima

; Rossi, Luciane de

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Oliveira, Talita Rodrigues de

; Antoniazzi, Leilane C. K.

; Gagliotti, Daniel Augusto Mori

; Abelama Neto, Emílio

; Oliveira Junior, Paulo Novais de

; Correia, Aline Villalobo

; Gonçalves, Luca Schilling

; Tortato, Liana Silva

; Busato, Wagner Machado Moraes

; Guimarães-Fernandes, Flávio

; Alves, Marcos

; Leite Netto, Oswaldo Ferreira

; Schoueri, Patrícia de Campos Lindenberg

; Roque, Márcio de Assis

; Merlin, Silvia Stahl

; Boer, Giovana Cardoso Machado

; Sallet, Paulo Clemente

; Malbergier, André

; Spedo, Mariana Abrahão

; Kamitsuji, Carla Satie

; Faria, Elizabeth de

; Moreira, Moacyr Vergara de Godoy

; Kaufman, Arthur

; Abdo, Carmita

; Scanavino, Marco de Tubino

; Lancman, Selma

; Tavares, Hermano

; Polanczyk, Guilherme

; Brunoni, André R.

; Forlenza, Orestes V.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2631

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought a work and stress overload to healthcare workers, increasing their vulnerability to mental health impairments. In response, the authors created the COMVC-19 program. The program offered preventive actions and mental health treatment for the 22,000 workers of The Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). This paper aims to describe its implementation and share what we have learned from this experience. METHODS: Workers were able to easily access the program through a 24/7 hotline. Additionally, a mobile phone app that screened for signs and symptoms of emotional distress and offered psychoeducation and/or referral to treatment was made available. Data from both these sources as well as any subsequent psychiatric evaluations were collected. RESULTS: The first 20 weeks of our project revealed that most participants were female, and part of the nursing staff working directly with COVID-19 patients. The most frequently reported symptoms were: anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances. The most common diagnoses were Adjustment, Anxiety, and Mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a mental health program in a multimodal intervention was feasible in a major quaternary public hospital. Our data also suggests that preventive actions should primarily be aimed at anxiety and depression symptoms, with a particular focus on the nursing staff.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2631

DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR AND WELFARE OF BROILERS
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Rodrigues, Tatiana P. N. da S.

; Pandorfi, Héliton

; Stosic, Borko

; Lucena, Aline C. de

; Rodrigues, Diogo F. B.

Engenharia Agrícola

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Dez 2020, Volume 40 Nº 6 Páginas 657 - 663

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a software based on image processing and computer vision techniques for monitoring the feeding/collective behavior of broilers (Cobb) and validate it based on the results obtained from the visual analysis of an expert. The visual analysis was performed based on the observation and quantification of behaviors in the interval of 10 min at each hour of the day, in the period of 24 hours, totaling 1728 frames/day, for males and females. The software was developed using the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm, for labeling clusters, which would basically be the grouping of similar pixels. This software is written in the 1999 standard of the C language. After this stage of programming, the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm identified the birds in the region of interest (feeder and drinker), with removal of the background color to obtain the descriptors, using the same range of visual analysis. Then, the software was validated through linear regression analysis, using the R platform. Based on the correlation analyses, it was found that the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.74 to 0.97 for all software validation events. The number of broilers in the regions of interest showed R2 above 0.70 for females and above 0.89 for males, which allowed the characterization of the ingestive behavior of broilers by computer vision. Some factors that caused interference in the accuracy of the software were decisive for the result, especially the arrangement of the cameras, uneven lighting, obstruction caused by the lighting system, pendular movement of the feeders and drinker, and shade generated by them. Despite the highlighted interferences, the results allowed us to infer that the software identified and quantified the feeding behavior of broilers in an appropriate manner.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n6p657-663/2020 583 downloads

Fatty acid profile and physicochemical, optical and thermal characteristics of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg seed oil
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MACHATE, David Johane

; CANDIDO, Camila Jordão

; INADA, Aline Carla

; FRANCO, Bruna Callegari

; CARVALHO, Izabella Renatta Almeida de

; OLIVEIRA, Lincoln Carlos Silva de

; CORTES, Mário Rodrigues

; CAIRES, Anderson Rodrigues Lima

; SILVA, Rosa Helena da

; HIANE, Priscila Aiko

; BOGO, Danielle

; LIMA, Nayara Vieira de

; NASCIMENTO, Valter Aragão do

; GUIMARÃES, Rita de Cássia Avellaneda

; POTT, Arnildo

Food Science and Technology

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Dez 2020, Volume 40 Páginas 538 - 544

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the oil obtained from seeds of Campomanesia adamantium by physicochemical quality parameters, oxidative stability, antioxidant activity, quality indexes, optical and thermal stability and its fatty acid profile. These seeds were a relevant source of oil (83 mg g-1) with high potential antioxidant activity (IC50 = 25.32 μg mL-1) evaluated by DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) with induction period above of 50 hours. In addition, palmitic (53%) and oleic (34%) are the primary saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. This oil showed excellent quality for edible vegetable oil and bioctive compounds. The thermal stability of this oil by thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG) started at 154 and 231 °C under synthetic air and nitrogen atmospheres, respectively, and by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) crystallization was onset at 4.94 °C. This study revealed as a novelty that the C. adamantium seeds are an excellent source of oil that presents best qualities, which makes it a great candidate for edible vegetable oil, as well as for production of soap, lotions and biofuel.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.32719 589 downloads

Behavior of broilers subjected to different light spectra and illuminances
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Lucena, Aline C.

; Pandorfi, Héliton

; Almeida, Gledson L. P.

; Guiselini, Cristiane

; Araújo, José E. M.

; Rodrigues, Tatiana P. N. da S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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2020, Volume 24 Nº 6 Páginas 415 - 421

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A iluminância ideal em aviários para frangos de corte pode levar à melhoria da eficiência do ambiente de alojamento e no bem-estar das aves. Neste contexto, objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento e o bem-estar de frangos de corte sob efeito da iluminância por lâmpadas de diodo emissor de luz na faixa do branco (400-760 nm) e azul/verde (470-525 nm). O experimento foi conduzido de outubro a dezembro de 2017, no município de Carpina, PE, e contou com 384 pintos de um dia (lote misto), linhagem Cobb 500. O delineamento adotado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2, correspondendo a quatro iluminâncias, 5 lx (I1), 20 lx (I2), 150 lx (I3) e 5-20 lx (5 lx na 1a, 2a e 6a semana e 20 lx na 3a, 4a e 5a semana - I4), e dois espectrons luminosos com a utilização de lâmpadas de diodo emissor de luz (LED), tipo bastão RGB (400-760 nm) branco (C1) e dicromático (470-525 nm) azul/verde (C2), com três repetições. Utilizou-se programa de iluminação contínuo, 18 h de luz e 6 h de escuro por dia. Foram avaliados os comportamentos ingestivos, postura, conforto e natural, agressividade e desconforto das aves. As variáveis comportamentais das aves foram determinadas pela frequência dos eventos e sua probabilidade de ocorrência pelo teste Qui-quadrado. As aves submetidas aos comprimentos de onda na faixa do azul/verde e iluminância de 20 lx e 5-20 lx, apresentaram comportamentos ingestivos e de conforto mais expressivos, o que evidencia melhor bem-estar nestas condições de alojamento.

ABSTRACT The ideal illuminance in poultry houses for broiler chickens may lead to improvement in housing efficiency and broiler welfare. In this context, the objective of this research was to evaluate the behavior and welfare of broiler chickens under effect of illuminance by light-emitting diode (LED) in white band (400-760 nm) and blue/green band (470-525 nm). The experiment was conducted from October to December 2017, in the municipality of Carpina, PE, Brazil, and had 384-oneday-old chicks (mixed batch), Cobb 500 strain. The adopted design was completely randomized, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to four illuminances, 5 lx (I1), 20 lx (I2), 150 lx (I3) and 5-20 lx (5 lx in the 1st, 2nd and 6th weeks and 20 lx in the 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks - I4), and two light spectra using LED bars, RGB type, in white (400-760 nm) color (C1) and blue/green (470-525 nm) dichromatic color (C2), with three repetitions. A continuous lighting program was used, 18 h of light and 6 h of dark per day. Ingestive, posture, comfort and natural behaviors, aggressiveness and discomfort of the broiler were evaluated. Broiler behavioral variables were determined by the frequency of the events and their probability of occurrence by the Chi-square test. Broilers subjected to wavelengths in the blue/green range and illuminance of 20 lx and 5-20 lx showed more significant ingestive and comfort behaviors, which demonstrates better welfare under these housing conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n6p415-421 647 downloads

10.

Meningiomas and the tumor microenvironment: expression of PD-L1 and expression of PD-L1 and interferon-gamma in the prognosis
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Gerson, Gunter

; Silva, Paulo G. B.

; Soares, Carlos Eduardo L.

; Chagas, Gabriel C. L.

; Rangel, Amanda R.

; Rodrigues, Aline K. A.

; Nogueira, Cleto D.

; Távora, Fábio R. F.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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2020, Volume 56 elocation e1792020

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: Os meningiomas são os tumores intracranianos mais comuns em adultos. Um dos mecanismos utilizados por células tumorais para escapar da morte por células imunes é interferir em checkpoints imunológicos, impedindo, assim, o estabelecimento de resposta imune adequada. Seguindo esse conceito, um alvo promissor para uma terapia imunomoduladora é o bloqueio do eixo de morte celular programada 1 (PD-1)/ligante de morte celular programada 1 (PD-L1), conhecido por ser crucial para mecanismos de escape imune. O interferon gama (IFN-γ) se relaciona com a expressão de PD-L1, sendo produzido por células T ativadas; pode promover a hiper-regulação da expressão de PD-L1 em células tumorais. Métodos: Estudo de coorte transversal retrospectivo que analisou 93 pacientes diagnosticados com meningioma de diversos graus. Reações imuno-histoquímicas das proteínas PD-L1 e do IFN-γ foram realizadas. Resultados: Este estudo não detectou imunoexpressão de PD-L1 em nenhum dos 93 casos analisados. A expressão de PD-L1 em células de meningioma e seu papel potencial na imunossupressão local não estão totalmente estabelecidos, e a indicação de terapia anti-PD-L1 como tratamento alternativo para meningiomas ainda é controversa. Conclusão: A imunoexpressão de IFN-γ relacionou-se com menores taxas de recidiva tumoral e maior tempo de sobrevida livre de progressão de doença. Constatou-se ainda relação com ausência de pleomorfismo, melhor diferenciação e menor grau tumoral para este marcador.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumors in adults. One of the mechanisms used by tumor cells to escape death by immune cells is to interfere with immunological checkpoints, thereby preventing the establishment of adequate immune response. Following this concept, a promising target for an immunomodulatory therapy is blocking programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1 axis), which is known to be crucial for immune escape mechanisms. Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) is related to PD-L1 expression, produced by activated T cells, and may promote hyper-regulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. Methods: The retrospective cross-sectional cohort study analyzed 93 patients diagnosed with meningioma of different degrees, and immunohistochemical reactions of PD-L1 and IFN-γ proteins were performed. Results: This study did not detect PD-L1 immunoexpression in any of the 93 analyzed cases. The PD-L1 expression in meningioma cells and their potential role in local immunosuppression are not fully established and their indication for anti-PD-L1 therapy as an alternative treatment for meningiomas is still controversial. Conclusion: IFN-γ immunoexpression was related to lower rates of tumor recurrence and longer progression-free survival time; there was also a relationship with the absence of pleomorphism, better differentiation and lower tumor grade for this marker.

RESUMEN Introducción: Los meningiomas son los tumores intracraneales más comunes en personas adultas. Uno de los mecanismos utilizados por células tumorales para escapar de la muerte es interferir con los puntos de control inmunológicos, impidiendo así el establecimiento de una respuesta inmunitaria adecuada. Siguiendo este concepto, un objetivo prometedor para una terapia inmunomoduladora es el bloqueo del eje de la proteína de muerte celular programada 1 (PD-1)/ligando 1 de muerte celular programada (PD-L1), que es conocido por ser crucial para los mecanismos de escape inmune. El interferón gamma (IFN-γ) se relaciona con la expresión de PD-L1, es producido por células T activadas y puede promover la hiperregulación de la expresión de PD-L1 en células tumorales. Métodos: El estudio de cohorte transversal retrospectivo analizó a 93 pacientes diagnosticados con meningioma de grados variables; se realizaron reacciones inmunohistoquímicas de las proteínas PD-L1 y del IFN-γ. Resultados: Este estudio no detectó inmunoexpresión de PD-L1 en ningún de los 93 casos analizados. La expresión de PD-L1 en células de meningioma y su función potencial en la inmunosupresión local no están totalmente establecidas, y su indicación de terapia anti-PD-L1 como tratamiento alternativo para meningiomas aún es controvertida. Conclusión: La inmunoexpresión de IFN-γ se relacionó con bajas tasas de recidiva tumoral y más tiempo de supervivencia libre de enfermedad, y se constató relación con ausencia de pleomorfismo, mejor diferenciación y grado tumoral más bajo para este marcador.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20200028 982 downloads

11.

Study of the influence of Carbonyl iron particulate size as an electromagnetic radiation absorbing material in 12.4 to 18 GHz (Ku) Band
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Oliveira, Ana Paula S.

; Rodrigues, Aline C.

; Quirino, Sandro F.

; Vergara, Diego Edissón F.

; Pinto, Simone S.

; Rezende, Mirabel C.

; Baldan, Mauricio R.

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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Out 2018, Volume 17 Nº 4 Páginas 619 - 627

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This paper presents the influence of different sizes of carbonyl iron particles on the reflectivity measurements of Radar Absorbing Material (RAM). The electromagnetic characterization was performed with a vector network analyzer and a rectangular waveguide in the frequency range of 12.4 to 18GHz (Ku Band). The influence of different parameters such as thicknesses, particle sizes and concentration of carbonyl iron were evaluated. Reflectivity results showed the influence of these parameters on the performance of the RAM. The best reflectivity values (~ −18 dB) were obtained for samples with 60 wt% concentration and 5 mm thickness. We provide information about significantly reflection loss improvement by simply controlling carbonyl iron particulate size.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742018v17i41547 848 downloads

12.

Occurrence and diversity of yeast species isolated from fish feed and tambatinga gut
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Pinheiro, Raizza Eveline E.

; Rodrigues, Aline Maria D.

; Santos, Julliet Teixeira de O.

; Costa, Juliana de A.

; Pereyra, Carina M.

; Torres, Adriana M.

; Rosa, Carlos A.

; Santos, Ana Raquel de O.

; Muratori, Maria Christina S.

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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Set 2018, Volume 46 Nº 4 Páginas 837 - 842

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to identify yeasts species isolated from fish feed and the intestinal tracts of tambatinga fish (Colossoma macropomum × Piaractus brachypomum) cultivated in a Brazilian fish farm. Twenty tambatingas and 30 fish feed samples from different brands were acquired from two commercial establishments in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The sampled guts were divided into three equal parts, namely the anterior, medium and posterior portions, totaling 60 samples. Molecular identification was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing of the D1/D2 regions of the large rRNA subunit gene. Sixteen Candida nivariensis strains in the gut were identified. The fish feed samples showed a higher variability of yeast species, with the following species isolated: Hyphopichia burtonii (23.08%), Lodderomyces elongisporus (15.39%) and Trichosporon asahii (15.39%), Candida nivariensis (7.69%), C. orthopsilosis (7.69%), C. parapsilosis (7.69%), Rhodotorula minuta (7.69%), Sterigmatomyces elviae (7.69%), Cryptococcus liquefaciens (7.69%). Yeast found in feed, however, was not always isolated from tambatinga gut. Molecular identification allowed for the isolation of yeast species not previously reported in fish feed and gut samples.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol46-issue4-fulltext-22 560 downloads

13.

Leaf anatomy of Protium ovatum and its antiproliferative potential in cervical cells
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Rosalem, Patrícia F.

; Picão, Thaís B.

; Rodrigues-Lisoni, Flávia C.

; Martins, Aline R.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Dez 2017, Volume 27 Nº 6 Páginas 673 - 678

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze the morphology and anatomy of the leaves of Protium ovatum Engl., Burseraceae, and verify the antiproliferative activity in cervical cells. For anatomical analysis, the leaf samples were fixed in formol, acetic acid, alcohol 70, dehydrated, included in hydroxyethyl methacrylate and sectioned at a thickness of 5–10 µm in rotative microtome. The samples were stained with toluidine blue and blades mounted with synthetic resin “Entellan”. Histochemical tests and scanning electron microscopy were also performed. To investigate the antiproliferative effect we used the cells strain of human cervix carcinoma and normal keratinocytes. The anatomical analysis demonstrated that the leaf is hypostomatic and the epidermal cells walls were slightly undulate on both faces. The palisade parenchyma occupies most part of leaf mesophyll. The spongy parenchyma is organized into 3–4 layers of cells. Vascular bundles of smaller diameter and secretory cavities are distributed along the leaf mesophyll. The midrib region was formed by a single vascular bundle with xylem in the center surrounded by phloem. Secretory cavities are distributed along the phloem. The histochemical tests revealed the presence of lipids in the secretory cavities and phenolic compounds in almost cell of mesophyll. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed the smooth leaf cuticle ornamentation with some striated areas. It was observed antiproliferative effect on human cervix carcinoma cell comparing with normal cells.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2017.09.001 593 downloads

14.

Interaction of Anabolic Androgenic Steroids and Induced Tooth Movement in Rats
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Karakida, Lilian Mary

; Araujo, Cristiano Miranda de

; Johann, Aline Cristina Batista Rodrigues

; Camargo, Elisa Souza

; Tanaka, Orlando Motohiro

; Guariza Filho, Odilon Guariza

Brazilian Dental Journal

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Ago 2017, Volume 28 Nº 4 Páginas 504 - 510

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este estudo avaliou a interação do movimento dentário entre dois esteróides anabólicos androgênicos (EAA), Deposteron® and Nebido®. Cem ratos Wistar foram divididos em 3 grupos: controle (C) n=30, Nebido experimental (N) n=35 e Deposteron experimental (D) n=35. O grupo controle foi subdivido em 6 subgrupos: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 e 14. Os grupos experimentais foram subdivididos em 7 subgrupos: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 e 14, correspondendo ao dia da eutanásia do animal após aplicada a força ortodôntica. Um dispositivo ortodôntico foi utilizado para induzir a movimentação dentária com força recíproca de 50 cN entre o primeiro molar superior direito e os incisivos superiores. Após a eutanásia, o tecido foi processado e corado com hematoxilina e eosina (HE) e fosfatase ácida tartarato-resistente (TRAP). Osteoclastos, lacunas de Howship e vasos sanguíneos foram quantificados. Os grupos N e D demonstraram aceleração na reorganização do ligamento periodontal comparado ao grupo C. O pico dos eventos histológicos ocorreu no grupo C no dia 5 e nos grupos N e D no dia 3, após a instalação do dispositivo ortodôntico. Houve diferença estatisticamente significante no número de osteoclastos (p<0,05) entre os grupos N3 e C3 e entre os grupos N3 e D3. Doses supra-fisiológicas de EAA Nebido® and Deposteron® alteraram o número de osteoclastos, lacunas de Howship e vasos sanguíneos, acelerando a reorganização do ligamento periodontal, resultando na aceleração dos efeitos biológicos na movimentação dentária em ratos.

Abstract This study evaluated the interaction between tooth movement and two anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS), Deposteron® and Nebido®. One hundred Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: control (C) n=30, Nebido experimental (N) n=35 and Deposteron experimental (D) n=35. The control group was subdivided into 6 subgroups: 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14. The experimental groups were subdivided into 7 subgroups: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 14, which corresponded to the day of animal’s euthanasia after applying orthodontic force. Orthodontic devices were used to induce tooth movement using 50 cN of reciprocal force between the maxillary right first molar and the maxillary incisors. After euthanasia, the tissues were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Osteoclasts, Howship’s lacunae and blood vessels were quantified. Groups N and D showed acceleration in the reorganization of the periodontal ligament compared to group C. The peak of the histological events occurred in group C on day 5 and in groups N and D on day 3 after installation of the orthodontic device. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of osteoclasts (p<0.05) between groups N3 and C3, and between groups N3 and D3. Supra-physiological doses of the AAS Nebido® and Deposteron® altered the number of osteoclasts, Howship’s lacunae and blood vessels, accelerating the reorganization of the periodontal ligament, resulting in accelerated biological effects from the induced tooth movement in rats.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201601119 2056 downloads

15.

In vitro antifungal activity of Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão against human vaginal Candida species
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OLIVEIRA, FERNANDO A. DE

; RORATO, VANESSA C.

; ALMEIDA-APOLONIO, ADRIANA A.

; RODRIGUES, ALLAN B.

; BARROS, ALINE L. DE

; SANGALLI, ANDRÉIA

; ARENA, ARIELLE C.

; MOTA, JONAS S.

; GRISOLIA, ALEXÉIA B.

; OLIVEIRA, KELLY M.P. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2017, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 2423 - 2432

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ABSTRACT Myracrodruon urundeuva is a plant native to Brazil, which is used by the indigenous population for the treatment of candidiasis. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antifungal activity of extract against human vaginal Candida species and evaluate the possible toxicological activities of M. urundeuva. Initially, ethanol extracts, ethyl acetate fractions, and hydroalcoholic fractions of the bark and leaf of M. urundeuva were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration. The extracts that showed antifungal activity were characterized by liquid chromatography and subjected to toxicity assessment. Toxic, cytotoxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic testing were performed using Allium cepa and Ames assays with the ethanol extracts of the bark and leaves. Hemolytic activity was evaluated in erythrocytes and acute toxicity in rats. The ethanol bark extracts showed best activity against Candida albicans, C. krusei, and C. tropicalis ATCC (4-512 µg/mL). Chemical characterization indicated the presence of flavonoids and tannins in the extracts. Hemolytic activity, genotoxicity, and mutagenicity were not observed. The results of the Ames and A. cepa tests were also in agreement, ethanol bark extracts and ethanol leaf extracts of M. urundeuva showed absence of mutagenic activity. Similar results were observed in the A. cepa assay and acute toxicity test in rats. M. urundeuva bark extracts showed potential for the treatment of vaginal infections caused Candida species, as a topical.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170254 1198 downloads

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