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1.
Cultural practices and importance of the floristic-livestock component in agroecosystems of Atzalan, Xochiapulco, Puebla.
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ABSTRACT The floristic-livestock component of agroecosystems in Family Production Units (UPF) promotes socio-cultural wealth. The value of floristic-livestock cultural importance was identified to propose good productive management practices. From October 2021 to January 2022, semi-structured interviews and field trips were applied. The UPF, cultural practices, performance, sale prices, type of use, arrangement-spatial distribution, and physical-environmental variables were characterized. Likewise, external economic income that contributes to the family economy was detected. Cultural importance index (CI), principal component analysis (PCA), Kruskal-Wallis, Tukey’s test, and Hart diagram were applied. Two types of agroecosystems were recorded, with a slope that varied between 5 and 35 % and a minimum-maximum environmental temperature of 21.2 and 26.3 °C, respectively. The UPF was integrated into a higher percentage of older adults with unfinished primary school. According to information from producers, the milpa system (corn-beans-squash) had an average yield of 244.5 kg of corn and 33.5 kg of beans. 97 useful floristic species and 14 uses of them were registered. The spatial floristic arrangement was random, uniform, and semi-uniform. The floristic-livestock CI registered high values for: Persea americana (4.5), Phaseolus vulgaris (3.0), Prunus persica (3.7), and Zea mays (4.3); chickens (2.3), turkeys (0.9), ducks (0.9) and pigs (0.9), respectively. The floristic-livestock PCA showed a higher correlation as living support, obtaining fruits and firewood; Obtaining meat, and eggs, as a gift, breeding, and fertilizer. Despite the economic-migratory problems of the evaluated area, the floristic-livestock cultural use is still preserved.
RESUMEN El componente florístico-pecuario de agroecosistemas en Unidades de Producción Familiar (UPF) fomenta la riqueza sociocultural. Se identificó el valor de importancia cultural florístico-pecuario para proponer buenas prácticas de manejo productivo. De octubre de 2021 a enero de 2022 se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y recorridos de campo. Se caracterizaron las UPF, prácticas-culturales, rendimiento, precios de venta, tipo de uso, arreglo-distribución espacial y variables físico-ambientales. Asimismo, se detectaron ingresos económicos externos que contribuyen a la economía familiar. Se aplicó índice de importancia cultural (CI), análisis de componentes principales (PCA), Kruskal-Wallis, prueba de Tukey y diagrama de Hart. Se registraron dos tipos de agroecosistema, con una pendiente que varió entre 5 y 35 % y una temperatura ambiental mínima-máxima de 21.2 y 26.3 °C, respectivamente. Las UPF se integraron en mayor porcentaje por adultos mayores con primaria inconclusa. De acuerdo con información de los productores, el sistema milpa (maíz-frijol-calabaza) tuvo un rendimiento promedio de 244.5 kg de maíz y 33.5 kg de frijol. Se registraron 97 especies florísticas útiles y 14 usos de las mismas. El arreglo florístico espacial fue aleatorio, uniforme y semi-uniforme. El CI florístico-pecuario registró valores altos para: Persea americana (4.5), Phaseolus vulgaris (3.0), Prunus pérsica (3.7) y Zea mays (4.3); pollos (2.3), guajolotes (0.9), patos (0.9) y cerdos (0.9), respectivamente. El PCA florístico-pecuario mostró mayor correlación cómo: soporte vivo, obtención de frutos y leña; obtención de carne, huevos, cómo obsequio, cría y abono. A pesar de los problemas económico-migratorios del área evaluada aún se preserva el uso cultural florístico-pecuario.
2.
Consenso de leucemia mieloide aguda en México
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Arana-Luna, Luara L.
; Alvarado-Ibarra, Martha
; Silva-Michel, Luis G.
; Morales-Maravilla, Adrián
; González-Rubio, María del C.
; Chávez-Aguilar, Lénica A.
; Tena-Iturralde, María Fernanda
; Mojica-Balceras, Liliana
; Zapata-Canto, Nidia
; Galindo-Delgado, Patricia
; Miranda-Madrazo, María Raquel
; Morales-Hernández, Alba E.
; Silva-Vera, Karina
; Grimaldo-Gómez, Flavio A.
; Hernández-Caballero, Álvaro
; Bates-Martin, Ramón A.
; Álvarez-Vera, José L.
; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy
; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar
; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse J.
; Peña-Celaya, José A. de la
; Salazar-Ramírez, Óscar
; Flores-Villegas, Luz V.
; Guerra-Alarcón, Lidia V.
; Leyto-Cruz, Faustino
; Inclán-Alarcón, Sergio I.
; Milán-Salvatierra, Andrea I.
; Ventura-Enríquez, Yanet
; Pérez-Lozano, Uendy
; Báez-Islas, Pamela E.
; Tapia-Enríquez, Ana L.
; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.
; Aguilar-Luévano, Jocelyn
; Espinosa-Partida, Arturo
; Pérez-Jacobo, Luis F.
; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio
; Ruiz-Contreras, Josué I.
; Loera-Fragoso, Sergio J.
; Medina-Coral, Jesús E.
; Acosta-Maldonado, Brenda L.
; Soriano-Mercedes, Emely J.
; Saucedo-Montes, Erick E.
; Valero-Saldana, Luis M.
; González-Prieto, Susana G.
; Nava-Villegas, Lorena
; Hernández-Colin, Ana K.
; Hernández-Alcántara, Areli E.
; Zárate-Rodríguez, Pedro A.
; Ignacio-Ibarra, Gregorio
; Meillón-García, Luis A.
; Espinosa-Bautista, Karla A.
; Ledesma de la Cruz, Cindy
; Barbosa-Loría, Diego M.
; García-Castillo, Carolina
; Balderas-Delgado, Carolina
; Cabrera-García, Álvaro
; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.
; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar
; Villela-Peña, Atenas
; Gómez Cortés, Sue Cynthia
; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda
; Garzón-Velásquez, Katheryn B.
; Serrano-Hernández, Cristina
; Martínez-Ríos, Annel
; Pedraza-Solís, María Luisa
; Martínez-Coronel, Jorge A.
; Narváez-Davalos, Iris M.
; García-Camacho, Alinka S.
; Merino-Pasaye, Laura E.
; Aguilar-Andrade, Carolina
; Aguirre-Domínguez, Juan A.
; Guzmán-Mera, Pedro G.
; Delgado-de la Rosa, Elizabeth
; Flores López, Perla E.
; González-Aguirre, Lilia L.
; Ramírez-Alfaro, Edgar M.
; Vera-Calderón, Heidi
; Meza-Dávalos, María Lizeth
; Murillo-Cruz, Juan
; Pichardo-Cepín, Yayra M.
; Ramírez-Romero, Eva F.
.
Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic cell neoplasms of myeloid lineage that arise from the clonal expansion of their precursors in the bone marrow, interfering with cell differentiation, leading to a syndrome of bone marrow failure. AML is a consequence of genetic and epigenetic changes (point mutations, gene rearrangements, deletions, amplifications, and arrangements in epigenetic changes that influence gene expression) in hematopoietic precursor cells, which create a clone of abnormal cells that are capable of proliferating but cannot differentiate into mature hematopoietic cells or undergo programmed cell death. The diagnosis requires more than 20% myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and certain cytogenic abnormalities. Treatment will depend on age, comorbidities, and cytogenetic risk among the most frequent.
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https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m21000597
895 downloads
3.
Repetitive corrugation and straightening effect on the microstructure, crystallographic texture and electrochemical behavior for the Al-7075 alloy
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Romero-Resendiz, L.
; Hernández, M.
; Cabrera, J. M.
; Elizalde, S.
; Amigó-Borrás, V.
; Figueroa, I. A.
; Covelo, A.
; Gonzalez, G.
.
Journal of applied research and technology
- Métricas do periódico
Abstract Anti-corrosion susceptibility is one of the top criteria for selecting metallic materials for several industrial applications. This work studies the corrosion performance of an Al-7075 alloy obtained by repetitive corrugation and straightening (RCS). This processing method generated a microstructure formed by randomly distributed micro-, submicro-, and nano- metric grain sizes. The samples exhibited a drop in corrosion resistance for a longer duration in the electrolyte and higher deformation. However, the samples processed by RCS showed better electrochemical stability than the non-deformed condition. The improved electrochemical stability could be associated with the particular microstructure generated during the RCS process.
4.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 among patients at Hospital Universitario de Caracas triage tent: A cross-sectional study
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R. Chacón, Fabián
; M. Doval, Juan
; Rodríguez, Verónica I.
; Quintero, Adriana
; L. Mendoza, Daniela
; Mejía, Mario D.
; Omaña, Óscar D.
; Contreras, Mariana B.
; Gasparini, Sebastián
; González, Carmen J.
; Camejo-Ávila, Natasha A.
; Romero, Sinibaldo R.
; Flora-Noda, David M.
; Maricuto, Andrea L.
; Velásquez, Viledy L.
; Guevara, Rafael N.
; Carballo, Martín
; Caldera, Jocays
; Redondo, María C.
; Landaeta, María E.
; Carrión-Nessi, Fhabián S.
; Forero-Peña, David Alberto
.
Resumen Introducción. Los estudios de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas (CAP) relacionados con la Covid-19 permiten establecer los conceptos erróneos y las prácticas inadecuadas en torno a esta enfermedad, información fundamental para diseñar estrategias eficaces y mejorar el cumplimiento de las medidas de prevención. Objetivo. Establecer los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas relacionadas con la Covid-19 en pacientes venezolanos cribados en la carpa de triaje del Hospital Universitario de Caracas. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio transversal en 215 pacientes entre el 25 de abril y el 25 de mayo de 2020, mediante entrevistas personales y utilizando una encuesta sobre conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas. Resultados. La mayoría (53,5 %) de los pacientes encuestados se encontraba asintomática; los encuestados tenían un conocimiento adecuado sobre los síntomas y la transmisión de la enfermedad, sin distinción entre sintomáticos y asintomáticos. La mayoría de ellos indicó estar respetando las prácticas de cuarentena, lavado de manos frecuente y uso de tapabocas en público; sin embargo, el reemplazo diario de los tapabocas de tela fue más frecuente en el grupo de los asintomáticos, en tanto que el reemplazo cada tres días fue más común entre los sintomáticos. Por último, más de la mitad de los participantes admitió haber estado en lugares concurridos, siendo esta práctica más frecuente entre los sintomáticos que entre los asintomáticos. Conclusiones. Este es el primer estudio de conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre la Covid-19 en Venezuela. El conocimiento y las prácticas de los venezolanos podrían mejorar mediante el fortalecimiento de los programas de educación y capacitación. Esta información, obtenida durante la fase inicial de la pandemia en Venezuela, podría contribuir al diseño de estrategias de promoción y prevención de la Covid-19.
Abstract Introduction: The studies on knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) regarding COVID-19 help to identify erroneous concepts and inadequate practices related to the disease. This baseline information is essential to design effective strategies and improve adherence to prevention measures. Objective: To identify the COVID-19-related KAP in Venezuelan patients screened at the Hospital Universitario de Caracas triage tent. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 215 patients between April 25th and May 25th, 2020, with in-person interviews using a KAP survey. Results: Most surveyed patients (53.5%) were asymptomatic. Most of them, both from the symptomatic and the asymptomatic groups, had adequate knowledge about the symptoms and transmission of the disease and the majority said they were practicing quarantine, frequent handwashing, and the use of face masks in public areas. However, the daily replacement of cloth face masks was more frequent in the asymptomatic group whereas replacement every three days was more frequent in the symptomatic group. Finally, more than half of the participants admitted having been in crowded places, a common practice among the symptomatic compared to the asymptomatic patients. Conclusions: This is the first KAP study in Venezuela about COVID-19. Knowledge and practices among Venezuelans could be improved by strengthening education and training programs. This information from the early phase of the pandemic in Venezuela may contribute to the design of COVID-19 promotion and prevention strategies.
https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.5808
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5.
A study of the secular variation of the high-amplitude Delta Scuti star AD CMi
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Peña, J. H.
; Piña, D. S.
; Huepa, H.
; Juárez, S. B.
; Villarreal, C.
; Guillén, J.
; Soni, A. A.
; Rentería, A.
; Donaire, J. M.
; Muñoz, R. R.
; Benadalid, T.
; Paredes, J. D.
; Orozco, E. D.
; Soberanes, I.
; Posadas, H.
; Castro, C.
; Briones, J.
; Romero, M.
; Martinez, F.
; Zuñiga, A. L.
; Carrillo, J. L.
; Chávez, B.
; Navez, D.
; García, C.
.
Revista mexicana de astronomía y astrofísica
- Métricas do periódico
ABSTRACT We determine the nature of the Delta Scuti star AD CMi and its physical parameters from newly determined times of maximum light and other times from the literature, as well as from uvby − β photoelectric photometry.
RESUMEN A partir de los recién determinados tiempos de máximo en fotometría de la estrella Delta Scuti AD CMi y una recopilación de tiempos de máximo de la literatura, así como datos con fotométria uvby−β hemos determinado la naturaleza de esta estrella y sus parámetros físicos.
https://doi.org/10.22201/ia.01851101p.2021.57.02.06
126 downloads
6.
Consenso mexicano de linfoma de Hodgkin
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Álvarez-Vera, José L.
; Aguilar-Luevano, Jocelyn
; Alcívar-Cedeño, Luisa M.
; Arana-Luna, Luara L.
; Arteaga-Ortiz, Luis
; Báez-Islas, Pamela E.
; Carolina-Reynoso, Ana
; Cesarman-Maus, Gabriela
; Peña-Celaya, José A. De la
; Espitia-Ríos, María E.
; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse J.
; Flores-Patricio, Willy
; García-Camacho, Alinka S.
; Guzmán-Mora, Pedro G.
; Hernández-Colín, Ana K.
; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar
; Herrera-Olivares, Wilfrido
; Jacobo-Medrano, Elvia
; Loera-Fragoso, Sergio J.
; Macías-Flores, Juan P.
; Martínez-Ramírez, Mario A.
; Medina-Guzmán, Liliana
; Milán-Salvatierra, Andrea I.
; Montoya-Jiménez, Leire
; Morales-Adrián, Javier de J.
; Mujica-Martínez, Aldo
; Nava-Villegas, Lorena
; Orellana-Garibay, Juan J.
; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.
; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.
; Pérez-Gómez, Karen D.
; Pichardo-Cepín, Yayra M.
; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio
; Romero-Martínez, Eduardo
; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda
; Segura-García, Adela
; Silva-Vera, Karina
; Tapía-Enríquez, Ana L.
; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar
; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy
; Vilchis-González, Shendel P.
; Villela-Peña, Atenas
; Guerra-Alarcón, Lidia V.
; Reséndiz-Olea, Rodrigo
; Banda-García, Luisa
; Paredes-Lozano, Eugenia P.
; Alvarado-Ibarra, Martha
.
Abstract Hodgkin’s lymphoma is due to the clonal transformation of cells originating from B lymphocytes, generating the pathognomonic binucleate Reed-Sternberg cells. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is a B cell disease with a bimodal distribution, with higher incidence in adolescence and the third decade of life, showing a second peak in people over 55 years of age. Classic Hodgkin lymphoma cells routinely undergo gene expression reprogramming, as they lose the expression of most of the typical B-cell genes and acquire the expression of multiple genes that are typical of other types of cells in the immune system. The treatment algorithm will depend on whether it is classic or predominantly lymphocytic HL, if it is early stage with unfavorable prognostic markers or not, the initial management regimen, and whether there is bulky disease, among the most relevant variables.
Resumen El linfoma de Hodgkin (LH) se debe a la transformación clonal de células originadas en los linfocitos B, lo que genera las células binucleadas patognomónicas de Reed-Sternberg. El LH es una enfermedad de células B con una distribución bimodal, con mayor incidencia en la adolescencia y la tercera década de la vida y un segundo pico en personas mayores de 55 años. Las células del LH clásico habitualmente sufren una reprogramación de la expresión génica, ya que pierden la expresión de la mayoría de los genes típicos de las células B y han adquirido la expresión de múltiples genes que son típicos de otros tipos de células del sistema inmunitario. El algoritmo de tratamiento dependerá si se trata de LH clásico o de predominio linfocítico, si es un estadio temprano con marcadores de pronóstico desfavorables o no, el esquema inicial de manejo y si existe enfermedad voluminosa, entre las variables más relevantes.
https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m21000500
304 downloads
7.
Multivariate Analysis: Use of Doehlert Design (DD) for Optimization of a Simple Sample Preparation Procedure for the Determination of Inorganic Constituents in Cocoa Beans Employing Microwave Acid Digestion and ICP OES
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Gamela, Raimundo R.
; Costa, Vinicius C.
; Mello, Matheus L. de
; Romero, Julia C.
; Amorim, Fábio A. C.
; Pereira-Filho, Edenir R.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas do periódico
This study presents a microwave-assisted procedure for sample preparation of cocoa beans using diluted HNO3 with H2O2 for the determination of Ba, Ca, Cu, K, Mg, Mn, P, S, Sr and Zn by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Doehlert modified design was used for optimization of experimental condition, and the volume of H2O2 (0, 0.5, 1.75 and 3 mL) and concentration of HNO3 (0.5, 3.75 and 7 mol L-1) were evaluated. The best experimental conditions were chosen considering lower residual acidity (RA), lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the acceptable trueness range (80-120%), were 5 mL of 3.75 mol L-1 HNO3 and 1.75 mL of 30% v v-1 H2O2. The procedure was validate using certified reference materials (CRMs), digested using the optimized conditions. The proposed procedure was applied in twelve samples of cocoa beans, and the concentrations (mg kg-1) ranged from: 7.6-27 (Ba), 520-1955 (Ca), 11-26 (Cu), 6212-10855 (K), 1677-2516 (Mg), 13-29 (Mn), 4679-6104 (P), 1499-1898 (S), 7-32 (Sr) and 34-46 (Zn). A Pearson correlation plot was proposed to evaluate the correlation between elements, revealing high correlations between Mg and K; K and P; Cu and Mn; Cu and Zn; Cu and S.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200109
357 downloads
8.
Expresión de la metaloproteinasa-9 en pacientes con formas leves y graves de enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico
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Montiel-Jarquín, Álvaro J.
; Vázquez de Lara-Cisneros, Luis G.
; López-Colombo, Aurelio
; Solís-Mendoza, Hugo A.
; Palmer-Márquez, María L.
; Romero-Figueroa, María S.
.
Abstract Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease develops when the stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and complications. Mild forms are non-erosive and erosive esophagitis, and severe forms are Barrett's esophagus and Esophageal adenocarcinoma. Matrix metalloproteinases are endopeptidases that can degrade components of the extracellular matrix, they play an important role in tumor invasion as well as in metastasis. Objective: To correlate the expression of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) in esophageal biopsies from patients with mild and severe forms of Gastroesophageal reflux disease. Method: Cross-sectional study. The expression of MMP-9 was determined in biopsies of esophageal tissue of patients with mild and severe GRD. The included variables were age, sex, diagnosis, smoking and alcoholic habits, body mass index (BMI) and expression of MMP-9. Descriptive statistics was performed, Kappa for concordance in diagnosis as well as X2. Results: There were 50 patients, 32 (64%) men and 18 (36%) women, mean age 52.13 ± 14.75 years of age. 12 (24%) with smoking and 7 (14%) with alcoholism. Average BMI was 26.71 ± 4.07 kg/m2 (15 to 33); 40 (80%) with obesity. The inter observer concordance for histopathological diagnosis was 1.0 and 0.84 for esophagitis degrees. 27 (54%) patients had esophagitis, 16 (32%) Barrett's esophagus and 7 (14%) esophageal cancer. There was expression of MMP-9 in four patients with esophagitis, five with Barrett's esophagus and five with esophageal cancer. Statistical significance was found between the expression of MMP-9 and smoking (p = 0.011) and histopathological diagnosis (p = 0.052). Conclusions: The expression of MMP-9 is most common in severe forms compared to the mild forms of GRD.
Resumen Antecedentes: La enfermedad por reflujo gastroesofágico (ERGE) se desarrolla cuando el contenido estomacal ocasiona síntomas molestos o complicaciones. Las formas leves son esofagitis no erosiva y erosiva; las graves, esófago de Barrett y adenocarcinoma esofágico. Las metaloproteinasas de la matriz degradan componentes de la matriz extracelular, y tienen un papel importante en la invasión tumoral y la metástasis. Objetivo: Relacionar la expresión de la metaloproteinasa-9 (MMP-9) en biopsias esofágicas de pacientes con formas leves y graves de ERGE. Método: Estudio transversal. Se determinó la expresión de MMP-9 en biopsias esofágicas de pacientes con ERGE grave y leve. Las variables fueron edad, sexo, diagnóstico, tabaquismo, alcoholismo, índice de masa corporal (IMC) y expresión de MMP-9. Se realizó estadística descriptiva, concordancia para el diagnóstico y prueba de ji al cuadrado. Resultados: 50 pacientes, 32 (64%) hombres y 18 (36%) mujeres, con edad media de 52.13 ± 14.75 años. Doce (24%) fumadores y 7 (14%) con alcoholismo. El IMC promedio fue de 26.71 ± 4.07 kg/m2 (rango: 15-33); 40 (80%) eran obesos. La concordancia entre observadores para el diagnóstico histopatológico fue de 1.0, y de 0.84 para esofagitis. Veintisiete (54%) tuvieron esofagitis, 16 (32%) esófago de Barrett y 7 (14%) cáncer de esófago. Hubo expresión de MMP-9 en cuatro pacientes con esofagitis, cinco con esófago de Barrett y cinco con cáncer esofágico. Encontramos diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre la expresión de MMP-9 y el tabaquismo (p = 0.011) y el diagnóstico histopatológico (p = 0.052). Conclusiones: La expresión de MMP-9 es más frecuente en las formas graves que en las leves de ERGE.
https://doi.org/10.24875/ciru.18000691
14 downloads
9.
Desenvolvimento de um obturador de feixe óptico utilizando um disco rígido de computador
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O objetivo deste trabalho é demonstrar a confecção de um obturador de feixe óptico a partir de um disco rígido de computador. O controle de corrente do dispositivo é feito por modulação de largura de pulso (Pulse width modulation - PWM), uma técnica que permite variar níveis de tensão/corrente por meio do ajuste da largura de pulso de um sinal digital. Este controle é feito de forma a minimizar a potência dissipada no dispositivo, aumentando assim sua vida útil. O núcleo do circuito de controle de corrente é o Arduino Uno, uma placa de microcontrolador de baixo custo e de fácil programação, amplamente utilizado como plataforma para prototipagem eletrônica. Por fim, a título de ilustração, apresentamos o uso do obturador de feixe óptico desenvolvido em um sistema de microfabricação via fotopolimerização por absorção de dois fótons, no qual ele tem papel fundamental.
This work demonstrates the development of an optical shutter from a computer hard disk. The electrical current control of the device is made by pulse width modulation, a technique that allows varying current/voltage levels by adjusting the pulse width of a digital signal. This control is made in order to minimize the power dissipated into the device, thus raising its lifetime. The main unit of the control circuit is Arduino Uno, a low cost and ease of programming microcontroller board, extensively used as a platform for electronic prototyping. As an example, we present the use of an optical shutter developed in a microfabrication setup via two-photon polymerization, in which it plays an important role.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2017-0200
1951 downloads
10.
Pharmacological characterization of cnidarian extracts from the Caribbean Sea: evaluation of anti-snake venom and antitumor properties
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Oliveira, Cláudia S.
; Caldeira, Cleópatra A. S.
; Diniz-Sousa, Rafaela
; Romero, Dolores L.
; Marcussi, Silvana
; Moura, Laura A.
; Fuly, André L.
; Carvalho, Cicília de
; Cavalcante, Walter L. G.
; Gallacci, Márcia
; Pai, Maeli Dal
; Zuliani, Juliana P.
; Calderon, Leonardo A.
; Soares, Andreimar M.
.
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases
- Métricas do periódico
Abstract Background: Cnidarians produce toxins, which are composed of different polypeptides that induce pharmacological effects of biotechnological interest, such as antitumor, antiophidic and anti-clotting activities. This study aimed to evaluate toxicological activities and potential as antitumor and antiophidic agents contained in total extracts from five cnidarians: Millepora alcicornis, Stichodactyla helianthus, Plexaura homomalla, Bartholomea annulata and Condylactis gigantea (total and body wall). Methods: The cnidarian extracts were evaluated by electrophoresis and for their phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, coagulant, fibrinogenolytic, neuromuscular blocking, muscle-damaging, edema-inducing and cytotoxic activities. Results: All cnidarian extracts showed indirect hemolytic activity, but only S. helianthus induced direct hemolysis and neurotoxic effect. However, the hydrolysis of NBD-PC, a PLA2 substrate, was presented only by the C gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus. The extracts from P. homomalla and S. helianthus induced edema, while only C gigantea and S. helianthus showed intensified myotoxic activity. The proteolytic activity upon casein and fibrinogen was presented mainly by B. annulata extract and all were unable to induce hemorrhage or fibrinogen coagulation. Cnidarian extracts were able to neutralize clotting induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, except M. alcicornis. All cnidarian extracts were able to inhibit hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops moojeni venom. Only the C. gigantea (body wall) inhibited thrombin-induced coagulation. All cnidarian extracts showed antitumor effect against Jurkat cells, of which C. gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus were the most active; however, only C. gigantea (body wall) and M. alcicornis were active against B16F10 cells. Conclusion: The cnidarian extracts analyzed showed relevant in vitro inhibitory potential over the activities induced by Bothrops venoms; these results may contribute to elucidate the possible mechanisms of interaction between cnidarian extracts and snake venoms.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40409-018-0161-z
749 downloads
11.
Avaliação da atividade moluscicida de extratos vegetais sobre Achatina fulica Bowdich (Mollusca, Achatinidae)
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RESUMO: Achatina fulica Bowdich (Achatinidae) é um gastrópode terrestre pulmonado e tornou-se praga de pequenos cultivos de subsistência, sendo considerado uma ameaça à agricultura sustentável em alguns países, demandando altos custos em tentativas de controle, as quais, em sua maioria, resultaram em fracasso; ainda, pode atuar como hospedeiro intermediário de nematódeos. Nesse contexto, a procura por substâncias facilmente biodegradáveis tem aumentado o interesse pelo uso de moluscicidas de origem vegetal. Assim, o estudo teve como objetivo verificar a ação de extratos aquosos de folhas de Bacharis dracunculifolia DC., Morus rubra L., Cyperus rotundus L. e Euphorbia heterophylla L. e gemas florais de Sygygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry como possíveis moluscicidas. Destas, S. aromaticum e E. heterophylla foram ativas como moluscicidas, e C. rotundus não exibiu atividade moluscicida sobre esse gastrópode. Independentemente da espécie vegetal testada, nenhuma demonstrou atividade ovicida. Os resultados do presente estudo indicam que os extratos aquosos de folhas de E. heterophylla e de gemas florais de S. aromaticum podem se constituir em uma estratégia viável de controle alternativo de moluscos terrestres.
ABSTRACT: Achatina fulica Bowdich (Achatinidae) is a terrestrial pulmonary gastropod that has become a pest in small subsistence plantations. Also it is considered as a threat to sustainable agriculture in some countries, which demand high investments in order to control it; however, the most part of the tried methods have failed. This species can also act as an intermediate host of nematodes. In this context, the search for compounds easily biodegradable has increased the interest for using molluscicidal agents obtained from plant sources. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate leaves extracts of Bacharis dracunculifolia DC., Morus rubra L., Cyperus rotundus L. and buds extracts of Euphorbia heterophylla L. and Sygygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & Perry as possible molluscicidal agents. From these species, S. aromaticum and E. heterophylla were active as molluscicidal agents affecting survival rate of A. fulica and, C. rotundus did not show molluscicidal activity over this gastropod. None of the plant species tested showed ovicidal activity. The results of the present study indicate that the aqueous extracts of S. aromaticum buds and E. heterophylla leaves can be a viable approach for alternative control of terrestrial molluscs.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657001032013
2656 downloads
12.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
13.
Self-diagnosis method as an assessment tool for environmental management of Brazilian ports
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Revista de Gestão Costeira Integrada
- Métricas do periódico
Este trabalho teve como principal objetivo oferecer uma alternativa metodológica para a realização de um diagnóstico da Gestão Ambiental Portuária dos principais portos brasileiros. Através desse diagnóstico foi possível determinar os aspectos facilitadores e os entraves para a implantação de uma gestão ambiental. O método utilizado foi baseado no auto-diagnóstico desenvolvido pela ECOPORTS, com a aplicação de um questionário envolvendo questões relacionadas à gestão ambiental portuária. Foram avaliados os portos de Santos (SP), Itaguaí (RJ), Rio de Janeiro (RJ) e Fortaleza (CE). A análise das respostas ao questionário foi realizada através da matriz SWOT, que permite identificar os pontos fortes, oportunidades, fraquezas e ameaças à gestão ambiental dos portos em estudo. Em seguida, foi utilizada análise Gap para determinar as ações que devem ser tomadas para evoluir de uma gestão insatisfatória para uma gestão desejada. A análise dos questionários evidenciou uma tendência dos respondentes em minimizar os aspectos negativos da gestão ambiental portuária, enfatizando os positivos. Além disso, pode-se identificar uma inconsistência entre as respostas dadas ao questionário e as ações que realmente são tomadas pelas autoridades portuárias, ficando claro que os gestores não estão dispostos a confrontar seus problemas publicamente. Os resultados demonstraram que há uma necessidade urgente de internalização dos pilares conceituais da gestão ambiental na gestão dos portos brasileiros, com a conscientização de todos os atores relacionados com a atividade, desde a alta administração, incluindo todos os níveis de trabalhadores.
This study aimed to provide an alternative approach for the use of a situational diagnosis to evaluate the environmental management systems of the main Brazilian ports. Through this diagnosis, both the enabling factors and barriers to the implementation of an effective environmental management system were identified. The study design was based on Self- Diagnosis Method (SDM) developed by EcoPorts, with the application of a survey on issues involving the various aspects of environmental management scenarios. The responses to the surveys were analyzed using the SWOT matrix in order to identify the strengths, opportunities, weaknesses and threats to the environmental management of the ports under study. Then, gap analysis was performed in order to determine the actions that should be taken for management to evolve from an unsatisfactory status to a desired status. Analysis of the questionnaires revealed a tendency of respondents to minimize the negative aspects of environmental management, and to emphasize the positive aspects. There was also an inconsistency between the responses to the questionnaire and the actions that have actually been taken by the port authorities. This disparity suggests that managers are not willing to confront their problems publicly. The results demonstrated that there is a need for an adoption of the conceptual pillars of Environmental Management in the management of Brazilian ports, as well as for the awareness among all stakeholders involved in the activities, from workers to senior management.
https://doi.org/10.5894/rgci520
1494 downloads
14.
Morphological characterization of zinc oxide nanowires grown hydrothermally on PET substrate
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Ayala-Torres, M. A.
; Mejía-García, C.
; Díaz-Valdés, E.
; Romero-Labias, J.
; De La Cruz-Vicencio, M. G.
; Andraca-Adame, J. A.
; Subramaniam, V.
; Romero-Ibarra, J.
; López-López, J. L.
.
In this work, we report the synthesis and morphological characterization of ZnO nanowires grown on PET using a two-step process: (a) preparation of the seed layer, and (b) growth of the nanostructures. First step: solutions of zinc acetate dehydrate and 1-propanol of 10 mM concentration were spin coated on PET at 2000 rpm for 54 s using a syringe pump. Three of such cycles were carried out, between each cycle the layer was heating at 100°C in a furnace for 60 s. A seed layer was obtained after three layers of spin coating. Second step: vertical ZnO nanowires were grown by dipping the substrate in a 25 mM equimolar solution of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine. Afterwards, films were thermally treated with a commercial microwave oven at different power settings (350 and 700 W) for 5, 20 and 35 min. The ZnO nanowires obtained were characterized structural, optical and morphologically. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the size of ZnO nanowires decreased in diameter when the heating time increased. XRD patterns show the presence of Zn(OH)2 overlapped with the ZnO phase. The ZnO nanowires bandgap energy was obtained from optical transmission spectra.
1313 downloads
15.
El colecho favorece la práctica de la lactancia materna y no aumenta el riesgo de muerte súbita del lactante: Dormir con los padres
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Landa Rivera, L.
; Díaz-Gómez, M.
; Gómez Papi, A.
; Paricio Talayero, J. M.
; Pallás Alonso, C.
; Hernández Aguilar, M. T.
; Aguayo Maldonado, J.
; Arena Ansotegui, J. M.
; Ares Segura, S.
; Jiménez Moya, A.
; Lasarte Velillas, J. J.
; Martín Calama, J.
; Romero Escós, M. D.
.
The practice of bed-sharing by parents and their offspring has been a common behaviour among humans. In parallel with the increase of breastfeeding rates, a higher frequency of bed-sharing has been observed worldwide. And, it is probable that it occurs more frequently than what appears reflected in surveys. There seems to be an interrelated and mutually enhanced effect between breastfeeding and bed-sharing. Pediatric associations and health organizations have warned against the practice of bed-sharing based on studies that describe a link between this practice and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). However, many were non-controlled studies that did not include other potentially risky circumstances. After a thoroughly review of the available literature, the authors have found the practice of bed-sharing to be of benefit on the basis of a warm and close-up infant care approach and calls for recognition and avoidance of risky situations that could represent a threat for infant life.
La práctica de los padres de dormir junto a sus hijos ha sido una constante en la humanidad. Con el aumento en la prevalencia y duración de la lactancia materna, se ha observado paralelamente un aumento de esa práctica, que posiblemente se dé con más frecuencia que la reconocida en las encuestas. Los estudios han demostrado interrelación y mutua potenciación entre lactancia materna y colecho. Las asociaciones y organizaciones pediátricas recomiendan evitar el colecho, por relacionarlo con la muerte súbita del lactante. Se basan, sin embargo, en estudios en su mayoría no controlados, bajo la influencia de factores de riesgo no tenidos en cuenta. Los autores, tras una revisión exhaustiva sobre colecho, lactancia y muerte súbita del lactante, encuentran el colecho como una práctica beneficiosa para la lactancia y concluyen que, bien practicado, evitando factores de riesgo, no guarda relación con la muerte súbita del lactante.
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