Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Dogs are considered to be the main domestic reservoir associated with the transmission of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi to humans in endemic areas of visceral leishmaniasis in America. However, little is known about the role of canines as a source of infection in endemic areas of nonulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis (NUCL). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the role of dogs as a possible reservoir of the parasite in Southern Honduras. Dogs (n = 107) living with individuals affected by NUCL were clinically examined and biological material was collected for parasitological and immunological diagnosis. Most animals showed a healthy appearance and a few presented slight weight loss (64%), alopecia (7%), onychogryphosis (5%) and skin lesions (1%). The overall seroprevalence of Leishmania infection based on the DDP ® quick test and/or in-house ELISA serological test was 41%. The presence of the parasite’s DNA was confirmed in 94% of the dogs; however, the average parasite load in the buffy coat was low at 6.09 parasites/µL, ranging between 0.221 and 50.2. The skin of seropositive dogs examined by histopathology using paraffin sections stained by hematoxylin and immunohistochemistry did not show cutaneous lesions or parasite amastigotes. Based on the absence of parasites in the skin and the low parasite load detected in the buffy coat, it seems that the dog does not represent a good source of infection for the vector in the endemic area of NUCL transmission in Southern Honduras. Other domestic and/or wild animals should be investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365024

Association between life-course leisure-time physical activity and prostate cancer
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Vázquez-Salas, Ruth Argelia

; Torres-Sánchez, Luisa

; Galván-Portillo, Marcia

; López-Carrillo, Lizbeth

; Moreno-Macías, Hortensia

; Rodríguez-Covarrubias, Francisco

; Romero-Martínez, Martín

; Jiménez-Ríos, Miguel Ángel

Salud Pública de México

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Abr 2022, Volume 64 Nº 2 Páginas 169 - 178

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the association between life-course leisure-time physical activity (PA) and prostate cancer (PC) among males living in Mexico City. Materials and methods: Information from 394 incident PC cases and 794 population controls matched by age (± 5 years), was analyzed. Using leisure-time PA information at different life stages, life-course PA patterns were constructed. The association between PA and PC was estimated using an unconditional logistic regression model. Results: Three life-course PA patterns were identified: low PA (71.0%), moderate PA (22.0%), and high PA (7.0%); this last pattern was characterized by higher levels and consistent PA practice. Compared with inactive males, those in the high PA pattern (OR: 0.50; 95%CI: 0.26-0.93) had significantly lower PC odds. Conclusion: Intense and regular PA could reduce the possibility of PC. These results are in accordance with PA World Health Organization recommendations.

Resumen: Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre la actividad física (AF) en la vida y el cáncer de próstata (CP) en hombres. Material y métodos: Se analizó la AF de 394 casos incidentes de CP y 794 controles poblacionales pareados por edad (± 5 años). Se utilizó la información de AF en diferentes etapas para generar los patrones de AF a lo largo de la vida. La asociación entre AF y CP se estimó mediante regresión logística no condicionada. Resultados: Se identificaron tres patrones de AF: baja (71.0%), moderada (22.0%) y alta (7.0%); este último patrón se caracterizó por una AF consistentemente mayor a lo largo de la vida. Comparado con los hombres inactivos, aquéllos en el patrón de alta AF (RM= 0.50; IC95% = 0.26-0.93) presentaron menos posibilidades de tener CP. Conclusión: El papel protector de la AF parece estar en función de la intensidad y regularidad de su práctica y apoyan las recomendaciones de la OMS.

https://doi.org/10.21149/12540

A novel collagenolytic protease from Mucor subtilissimus UCP 1262: Comparative analysis of production and extraction in submerged and stated-solid fermentation
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SOUZA, KESSIA P.S.

; CUNHA, MÁRCIA N.C.

; BATISTA, JUANIZE M.S.

; OLIVEIRA, VAGNE M.

; NASCIMENTO, THIAGO P.

; CONNIFF, AMANDA E.S.

; COSTA, ROMERO M.P.B.

; PORTO, TATIANA S.

; PORTO, CAMILA S.

; PORTO, ANA LÚCIA F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 4 elocation e20201438

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work aimed to compare the production of collagenolytic proteases produced by M. subtilissimus UCP1262 in submerged fermentation (SF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF) as well as extracting in aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Collagenolytic protease production was performed in using MS-2 culture medium (SF) and soybean bran as substrate (SSF). Subsequently, the fermented liquid from both fermentations were used for the extraction of enzyme by ATPS, it was verified the influence of different variables from a factorial design 23. In SSF the highest protease and collagenolytic activities were achieved with 362.66 U/mL and 179.81 U/mL, respectively. When compared with SF (26.33 and 18.70 U/mL) higher values were obtained in the activities. The protease partitioning from SF and SSF in ATPS showed a similar profile showing higher affinity for the polymer rich phase. The highest value for the response variable purification factor (3.49) was obtained in the system using SSF. Thus, SSF shows promise as a bioprocess for extracellular production of collagenolytic proteases, using of soybean bran as substrate had used sustainable raw material, aiming application this possible enzyme in the treatment of burns and postoperative scarring.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220201438

Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of the first case of monkeypox virus in Brazil, 2022
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Claro, Ingra Morales

; Romano, Camila Malta

; Candido, Darlan da Silva

; Lima, Evelyn Lepka de

; Lindoso, José Angelo Lauletta

; Ramundo, Mariana Severo

; Moreira, Filipe Romero Rebello

; Barra, Luiz Alberto Costa

; Borges, Luciana Marques Sansão

; Medeiros, Lucas Alberto

; Tomishige, Marcia Y. S.

; Moutinho, Tomas

; Silva, Anderson José Dias da

; Rodrigues, Camila Cristina Martini

; Azevedo, Luiz Cesar Fernandes de

; Villas-Boas, Lucy Santos

; Silva, Camila Alves Maia da

; Coletti, Thaís Moura

; Manuli, Erika R.

; O’Toole, Aine

; Quick, Joshua

; Loman, Nicholas

; Rambaut, Andrew

; Faria, Nuno R.

; Figueiredo-Mello, Claudia

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e48

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Monkeypox virus (MPXV), a zoonotic virus endemic to the African continent, has been reported in 33 non-endemic countries since May 2022. We report an almost complete genome of the first confirmed case of MPXV in Brazil. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was completed in 18 hours, from DNA extraction to consensus sequence generation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264048

Purification and characterization of fibrinolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus by polyethylene glycol-phosphate aqueous two-phase system
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ALENCAR, VIVIANE N.S.

; NASCIMENTO, MARIA CLARA DO

; FERREIRA, JULYANNE V. DOS SANTOS

; BATISTA, JUANIZE M. DA SILVA

; CUNHA, MARCIA N.C. DA

; NASCIMENTO, JÉSSICA M. DO

; SOBRAL, RENATA V. DA SILVA

; COUTO, MILENA T.T. DO

; NASCIMENTO, THIAGO P.

; COSTA, ROMERO M.P.B.

; PORTO, ANA LÚCIA F.

; LEITE, ANA CRISTINA L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20210335

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fibrinolytic proteases are a promising alternative in the pharmaceutical industry, they are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially thrombosis. Microorganisms are the most interesting source of fibrinolytic proteases. The aim of this study was the production of fibrinolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus DPUA 1573, the recovery of the protease by aqueous two-phase system and partial biochemical characterization of the enzyme. The aqueous two-phase system was performed according to a 24-full factorial design using polyethylene glycol molar mass, polyethylene glycol concentration, citrate concentration and pH as independent variables. It was analyzed the effect of different ions, surfactants, inhibitors, pH and temperature on enzyme activity. The best conditions for purifying the enzyme were 17.5% polyethylene glycol 8,000, 15% Phosphate and pH 8.0, it was obtained a partition coefficient of 7.33, a yield of 57.49% and a purification factor of 2.10-fold. There was an increase in enzyme activity in the presence of Fe2+ and a decrease in the presence of $\beta$-Mercaptoethanol, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and Iodoacetic acid. The optimum pH was 7.0 and the optimum temperature was 40 ºC. The purified protease exhibited a molecular mass of 41 kDa. The fibrinolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus proved to be a viable option for the development of a possible drug with fibrinolytic action.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120210335 1 downloads

Posicionamento sobre Indicações da Ecocardiografia em Cardiologia Fetal, Pediátrica e Cardiopatias Congênitas do Adulto – 2020
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Morhy, Samira Saady

; Barberato, Silvio Henrique

; Lianza, Alessandro Cavalcanti

; Soares, Andressa Mussi

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Rivera, Ivan Romero

; Barberato, Marcia Ferreira Alves

; Guerra, Vitor

; Ribeiro, Zilma Verçosa de Sá

; Pignatelli, Ricardo

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Nov 2020, Volume 115 Nº 5 Páginas 987 - 1005

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20201122 796 downloads

Segurança cirúrgica em laboratório de cateterismo
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Reich, Rejane

; Santos, Simone Marques dos

; Goes, Marta Georgina Oliveira de

; Romero, Paola Severo

; Casco, Márcia Flores de

; Kruger, Juliana

; Silveira, Luana Claudia Jacoby

; Matte, Roselene

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2019, Volume 40 Nº spe elocation e20180232

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo OBJETIVO Descrever o processo de implantação da lista de verificação de segurança cirúrgica em laboratório de cateterismo (LC). MÉTODO Estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência das estratégias de segurança desenvolvidas nos últimos seis anos em hospital universitário da região Sul do Brasil. RESULTADOS Foram incorporadas na prática assistencial as seis metas internacionais de segurança do paciente (MISP) em consonância com o programa de acreditação hospitalar pela Joint Comission International (JCI), por meio de um processo contínuo com caráter educativo. A lista de verificação foi adaptada considerando as características da unidade e os procedimentos realizados. CONCLUSÕES A implantação da lista de verificação proporcionou a promoção da segurança do paciente, maior integração da equipe, avanços na comunicação entre os profissionais e no registro das informações da assistência em sala.

Abstract OBJECTIVE To describe the process of implanting the surgical safety checklist in a catheterization laboratory (CL). METHOD Descriptive case report study about the safety strategies developed in the last six years in a university hospital in the southern region of Brazil. RESULTS The six international patient safety goals (IPSG) were incorporated into the care practice in accordance with the hospital's Joint Comission International (JCI) accreditation program, through a continuous process of educational nature. The checklist was adapted considering the characteristics of the unit and the procedures performed. CONCLUSION The implementation of the checklist provided the promotion of patient safety, greater staff integration, advances in communication among professionals and the recording of in-room care information.

Resumen OBJETIVO Describir el proceso de implantación de la lista de verificación de seguridad quirúrgica en un laboratorio de cateterismo (LC). MÉTODO Estudio descriptivo del tipo relato de experiencia sobre las estrategias de seguridad desarrolladas en los últimos seis años en un hospital universitario de la región Sur de Brasil. RESULTADOS Se incorporaron en la práctica asistencial las seis metas internacionales de seguridad del paciente (MISP) en consonancia con el programa de acreditación hospitalaria por la Joint Comission International (JCI), a través de un proceso continuo con carácter educativo. La lista de verificación fue adaptada considerando las características de la unidad y los procedimientos realizados. Conclusión: La implantación de la lista de verificación proporcionó la promoción de la seguridad del paciente, una mayor integración del equipo, avances en la comunicación entre los profesionales y en el registro de las informaciones de la asistencia en sala.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2019.20180232 2968 downloads

Segurança cirúrgica em laboratório de cateterismo
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Reich, Rejane

; Santos, Simone Marques dos

; Goes, Marta Georgina Oliveira de

; Romero, Paola Severo

; Casco, Márcia Flores de

; Kruger, Juliana

; Silveira, Luana Claudia Jacoby

; Matte, Roselene

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2019, Volume 40 Nº spe elocation e20180232

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2019.20180232 8 downloads

Problematização e desenvolvimento de conceitos em sala de aula: considerações a partir do par P-R
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Hilário, Rosângela Nogarini

; Romero, Márcia

Pro-Posições

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Set 2018, Volume 29 Nº 3 Páginas 545 - 566

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Nesse artigo discute-se de que maneira a questão do processo de significação tem sido tratada nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental, a partir da análise de pares de perguntas e respostas (P-R) desencadeados por situações em que se observa uma negociação de sentido em sala de aula. O corpus é composto pelo registro de observações de aulas de língua portuguesa no 3.º ano do Ensino Fundamental, em uma escola pública localizada no bairro de São Miguel Paulista, próximo a Guarulhos. As análises indicam que tanto as perguntas planejadas pelo professor quanto as formuladas de forma espontânea pelos alunos são tratadas como questões fechadas, com respostas precisas e únicas, geralmente envolvendo a identificação de um exemplar do conceito em questão. Esse fato aponta para a necessidade do planejamento de atividades que visem ao trabalho com conceitos que se desenvolvam em níveis cada vez mais altos do ponto de vista da abstração e da generalização.

Abstract This article discusses how the process of building meaning has been treated in the early years of Elementary School based on the analysis of pairs of questions and answers triggered by specific situations in which a case of meaning negotiation between students and teachers in daily classroom’s dialogues could be observed. The corpus consists of the records of the observation of Portuguese language classes of the third grade of Elementary School in a public school located in São Miguel Paulista, a district near the city of Guarulhos. The analyses indicate that both the questions planned by the teacher and the ones spontaneously made up by the students were treated as closed-ended questions, with unique and precise answers, usually involving the act of identifying one possible example of the concept in question. This observation indicates the need of having activities planned aimed to develop a work with concepts on higher levels when it comes to abstract thinking and the generalization process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-6248-2017-0032 1799 downloads

10.

La visión de médicos pediatras de atención primaria de la salud sobre la anemia infantil y el suplemento con hierro
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Sguassero, Yanina

; Guerrero, Marcia M

; Romero, Mariana

Archivos argentinos de pediatría

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Fev 2018, Volume 116 Nº 1 Páginas 21 - 27

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction. Iron deficiency anemia is common in low- and middle-income countries. According to the evidence, the impact of ferrous sulfate supplementation in the pediatric population is low. Our objective was to analyze the perspective of pediatricians regarding anemia and iron supplementation. Population and methods. Qualitative, exploratory study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with primary health care pediatricians from Rosario. Three core inquiry concepts were included: importance of this problem, clinical practice, and representations about iron supplementation. The analysis consisted in the systematization of the information collected by transcribing the recorded interviews and notes. Results. A total of 32 interviews were conducted. All interviewees considered anemia was a relevant problem. At present, anemia is associated with a poor-quality diet. Based on the findings, pediatric practice follows national standards. There is consensus that low adherence is a barrier for the clinical management of iron deficiency anemia. Pediatricians described concepts that are potentially beneficial for the local setting, including workshops on anemia and free provision of more flavorful iron supplements. Conclusions. Iron deficiency anemia was considered a severe problem. In the primary health care setting, outstanding interventions included workshops and access to more flavorful iron supplements.

Introducción. La anemia ferropénica es más frecuente en los países de bajos y medianos ingresos. La evidencia sugiere que el impacto del suplemento con sulfato ferroso en la población infantil es bajo. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar la visión de los pediatras en torno a la problemática de la anemia y al suplemento con hierro. Población y métodos. Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los pediatras del primer nivel de atención de Rosario. Se incluyeron tres ejes de indagación: "relevancia del problema", "práctica clínica" y "representaciones sobre el suplemento con hierro". El análisis consistió en sistematizar la información obtenida mediante la transcripción de entrevistas grabadas y anotaciones. Resultados. Se realizaron 32 entrevistas. Todos los entrevistados pensaban que la anemia era un problema relevante. Actualmente, se la asocia con una alimentación de mala calidad. Los hallazgos llevan a considerar que la práctica pediátrica sigue las normativas nacionales. Hay acuerdo en que la baja adherencia es un obstáculo para el manejo clínico de la anemia ferropénica. Los pediatras expresaron ideas potencialmente beneficiosas para el contexto local, que incluían la organización de talleres sobre anemia y la distribución gratuita de preparados con hierro de mejor sabor. Conclusiones. La anemia por déficit de hierro se consideró un problema grave. En atención primaria, las intervenciones destacadas fueron la organización de talleres y el acceso a preparados con hierro de sabor más agradable.

https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2018.21 1744 downloads

11.

Assessment of the water quality and trophic state of the Ribeirão Guaraçau Watershed, Guarulhos (SP): a comparative analysis between rural and urban areas
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Vargas, Reinaldo Romero

; Barros, Márcia da Silva

; Saad, Antonio Roberto

; Arruda, Regina de Oliveira Moraes

; Azevedo, Fernanda Dall'Ara

Revista Ambiente & Água

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2018, Volume 13 Nº 2 elocation e2170

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O processo de urbanização pelo qual os grandes centros urbanos passaram afetou drasticamente a disponibilidade e, em especial, a qualidade da água. A bacia hidrográfica de Ribeirão Guaraçau, localizada na parte norte do município de Guarulhos, inclui áreas rurais e urbanas de diferentes classes de uso da terra. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a qualidade da água e diagnosticar o estágio de eutrofização das águas superficiais do Ribeirão Guaraçau, o principal curso de água da Bacia do Ribeirão Guaraçau. Para avaliar a qualidade ambiental, foram realizadas análises físico-químicas (temperatura, pH, turbidez, condutividade e fósforo total) e análises microbiológicas (E. coli) durante um período de 12 meses. O Índice de Estado Trófico (IET) foi utilizado para determinar as condições de degradação ambiental de ambientes lóticos e lênticos. As águas superficiais do Ribeirão Guaraçau na área rural já estão comprometidas, com o piora da qualidade da água a montante indicada pelo alto fósforo total e E. coli causada por contaminação fecal devido à falta de saneamento básico na região. Os locais característicos das áreas rurais já apresentam sinais de degradação com níveis tróficos que variam de oligotróficos a hipereutróficos. A necessidade de fornecer coletores de esgoto e sistemas de tratamento de esgoto na Estação de Tratamento de Esgoto de Bonsucesso, inaugurada em 2011, e o controle da ocupação em áreas que produzem água de boa qualidade é primordial.

Abstract The urbanization process through which large urban centers have been passing has affected drastically the availability and especially the quality of water. The Ribeirão Guaraçau Watershed, located in the northern part of the Guarulhos municipality, includes rural and urban areas of different land-use classes. The goal of this study is to assess the water quality and to diagnose the eutrophication stage of the surface waters of the Ribeirão Guaraçau, the main water course of the Ribeirão Guaraçau Watershed. To assess environmental quality, physical-chemical analyses (temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, and total phosphorus) and microbiological analyses (E. coli) were carried out during a period of 12 months. The Trophic State Index (TSI) was used to ascertain the environmental degradation conditions of lotic and lentic environments. The surface waters of the Ribeirão Guaraçau in the rural area are already compromised, with worsening of the water quality upstream indicated by high total phosphorus and E. coli caused by fecal contamination due to lack of basic sanitation in the region. Characteristic sites of the rural areas already present signs of degradation with trophic levels varying from oligotrophic to hypereutrophic. The need to provide sewage collectors and sewage treatment systems at the Bonsucesso Sewage Treatment Station, inaugurated in 2011, and the control of the occupation in areas that produce good quality water is paramount.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2170 1443 downloads

12.

Pharmacological characterization of cnidarian extracts from the Caribbean Sea: evaluation of anti-snake venom and antitumor properties
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Oliveira, Cláudia S.

; Caldeira, Cleópatra A. S.

; Diniz-Sousa, Rafaela

; Romero, Dolores L.

; Marcussi, Silvana

; Moura, Laura A.

; Fuly, André L.

; Carvalho, Cicília de

; Cavalcante, Walter L. G.

; Gallacci, Márcia

; Pai, Maeli Dal

; Zuliani, Juliana P.

; Calderon, Leonardo A.

; Soares, Andreimar M.

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2018, Volume 24 elocation 22

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Cnidarians produce toxins, which are composed of different polypeptides that induce pharmacological effects of biotechnological interest, such as antitumor, antiophidic and anti-clotting activities. This study aimed to evaluate toxicological activities and potential as antitumor and antiophidic agents contained in total extracts from five cnidarians: Millepora alcicornis, Stichodactyla helianthus, Plexaura homomalla, Bartholomea annulata and Condylactis gigantea (total and body wall). Methods: The cnidarian extracts were evaluated by electrophoresis and for their phospholipase, proteolytic, hemorrhagic, coagulant, fibrinogenolytic, neuromuscular blocking, muscle-damaging, edema-inducing and cytotoxic activities. Results: All cnidarian extracts showed indirect hemolytic activity, but only S. helianthus induced direct hemolysis and neurotoxic effect. However, the hydrolysis of NBD-PC, a PLA2 substrate, was presented only by the C gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus. The extracts from P. homomalla and S. helianthus induced edema, while only C gigantea and S. helianthus showed intensified myotoxic activity. The proteolytic activity upon casein and fibrinogen was presented mainly by B. annulata extract and all were unable to induce hemorrhage or fibrinogen coagulation. Cnidarian extracts were able to neutralize clotting induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom, except M. alcicornis. All cnidarian extracts were able to inhibit hemorrhagic activity induced by Bothrops moojeni venom. Only the C. gigantea (body wall) inhibited thrombin-induced coagulation. All cnidarian extracts showed antitumor effect against Jurkat cells, of which C. gigantea (body wall) and S. helianthus were the most active; however, only C. gigantea (body wall) and M. alcicornis were active against B16F10 cells. Conclusion: The cnidarian extracts analyzed showed relevant in vitro inhibitory potential over the activities induced by Bothrops venoms; these results may contribute to elucidate the possible mechanisms of interaction between cnidarian extracts and snake venoms.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40409-018-0161-z 749 downloads

13.

Presencia de serotipos de Campylobacter jejuni O:19 en la cadena avícola Argentina
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Rossler, Eugenia

; Fuhr, Estefanía M

; Lorenzón, Guillermina

; Romero-Scharpen, Analía

; Berisvil, Ayelén P

; Blajman, Jesica E

; Astesana, Diego M

; Zimmermann, Jorge A

; Fusari, Marcia L

; Signorini, Marcelo L

; Soto, Lorena P

; Frizzo, Laureano S

; Zbrun, María V

Revista argentina de microbiología

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Jun 2017, Volume 49 Nº 2 Páginas 178 - 182

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Las especies termotolerantes de Campylobacter han tomado gran relevancia en los últimos años debido a que son los principales agentes zoonóticos causantes de enfermedades transmitidas por alimentos. Adicionalmente, Campylobacter jejuni serotipo O:19 ha sido relacionado con el desarrollo del síndrome posdiarreico de Guillain-Barré. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la proporción de cepas de C. jejuni que se corresponden con el serotipo O:19 dentro de las aisladas en diferentes etapas de 3 cadenas de producción de carne aviar en la provincia de Santa Fe. Se observó que el 18% del total de cepas de C. jejuni recuperadas (10/55) pertenecían al serotipo O:19; estas se aislaron en 4 de las 5 etapas de producción de carne aviar elegidas a los fines de este estudio. Este hallazgo da cuenta de un riesgo importante para la salud pública de los consumidores y debería ser considerado en los estudios epidemiológicos de Campylobacter, para implementar en forma urgente medidas de control sobre este microorganismo.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2016.12.002 199 downloads

14.

Propriedades geotécnicas de um solo expansivo tratado com cal
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Paiva, Sergio Carvalho de

; Lima, Márcia Alves de Assis

; Ferreira, Maria da Graça de Vasconcelos Xavier

; Ferreira, Silvio Romero de Melo

Matéria (Rio de Janeiro)

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Jun 2016, Volume 21 Nº 2 Páginas 437 - 449

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Argilas expansivas são consideradas como depósitos problemáticos para obras de infraestrutura porque podem causar danos socioeconômicos e ambientais, uma vez que são susceptíveis à mudança de volume devido à variação sazonal da umidade e temperatura. A estabilização da argila expansiva é de interesse para qualquer edificação. As técnicas de estabilização podem ser mecânicas ou químicas. A cal é um agente estabilizante. Ensaios de laboratório foram realizados com o objetivo de analisar o efeito da interação da cal com um solo expansivo de Ipojuca/PE, quando é adicionado cal nas proporções de 1% a 11% em peso seco. Foram investigadas as características físicas, químicas, mineralógicas, a expansão livre e a tensão de expansão do solo natural e na mistura solo-cal. Os resultados indicam que o solo tem alta expansividade, podendo causar danos às edificações levando à demolição, principalmente as de pequeno porte. A adição de cal ao solo causou uma agregação ou floculação das partículas originais e a redução no índice de plasticidade. O percentual de 11% de cal hidratada reduziu a expansão livre e tensão de expansão a valores nulos. Isto é atribuído à capacidade de cimentação do solo tratado com a cal que reduz a tendência de absorção de água das argilas saturadas com cálcio.

ABSTRACT Expansive clays are problematic deposits for infrastructure projects because they can cause socio-economic and environmental damage, since they are susceptible to change in volume due to seasonal variation in humidity and temperature. The stabilization of expansive clay is of interest to any construction. The stabilization techniques may be mechanical or chemical. Hydrated lime is a stabilizing agent. Laboratory tests were conducted in order to analyze the effect of the interaction of hydrated lime with expansive soils of Ipojuca County / PE, when hydrated lime was added to it in proportions of 1% to 11% by dry weight. The physical, chemical and mineralogical characterizations were performed as well as the free swell and the expansion stress of natural soil and soil-lime mixture. The results indicate that the soil has high expansiveness and may cause damage to buildings leading to demolition, especially the smaller ones. The addition of hydrated lime to the soil caused an original aggregation or flocculation of particles and the decrease in plasticity index. The percentage of 11% of hydrated lime added to the expansive soil reduced the free swell and expansion stress to null values. This is attributed to the cementing capacity of the soil treated with lime which reduces the tendency of water absorption by the calcium saturated clay.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-707620160002.0041 6813 downloads

15.

Could Plasmodium vivax malaria trigger malnutrition? Revisiting the Bradford Hill criteria to assess a causal relationship between two neglected problems
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Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo

; Alexandre, Márcia Araújo

; Siqueira, André

; Melo, Gisely

; Romero, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra

; d'Ávila, Efrem

; Benzecry, Silvana Gomes

; Leite, Heitor Pons

; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Jun 2016, Volume 49 Nº 3 Páginas 274 - 278

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The benign characteristics formerly attributed to Plasmodium vivax infections have recently changed owing to the increasing number of reports of severe vivax malaria resulting in a broad spectrum of clinical complications, probably including undernutrition. Causal inference is a complex process, and arriving at a tentative inference of the causal or non-causal nature of an association is a subjective process limited by the existing evidence. Applying classical epidemiology principles, such as the Bradford Hill criteria, may help foster an understanding of causality and lead to appropriate interventions being proposed that may improve quality of life and decrease morbidity in neglected populations. Here, we examined these criteria in the context of the available data suggesting that vivax malaria may substantially contribute to childhood malnutrition. We found the data supported a role for P. vivax in the etiology of undernutrition in endemic areas. Thus, the application of modern causal inference tools, in future studies, may be useful in determining causation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0397-2015 2061 downloads

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