SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies in patients with tuberculosis. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at an outpatient tuberculosis clinic in Alvorada, RS, Brazil, with data collection between October and December 2020. Outpatients aged>18 years with active pulmonary tuberculosis, no prior history of coronavirus disease 2019, and no suspected coronavirus disease 2019 were included in the study. Whole blood samples were collected to perform the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies test. RESULTS: During the study period, 52 patients met the inclusion and were included in the analysis. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies were positive in 16 (30.8%) patients. Male sex was more frequent among patients with negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies than in patients with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies (86.1 vs. 56.3%, p=0.031). Contact with coronavirus disease 2019 case was more common in patients with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies compared with patients with negative severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies (87.5 vs. 8.3%, p<0.0001). In a multivariate analysis, in a model including the variables such as male sex and contact with coronavirus disease 2019 case, only contact with coronavirus disease 2019 was independently associated with positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies (OR 77.0, 95%CI 11.5–512.4, p<0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study revealed a seroprevalence of 30.8% severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among patients with tuberculosis.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar um método de previsão de safra para arroz irrigado por inundação no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, por meio do modelo SimulArroz. Utilizou-se a versão 1.1 desse modelo e dados meteorológicos históricos, com seis cenários compostos pelos seguintes níveis de informação em campo: datas de semeadura (1 a 4) e número de cultivares e/ou ciclos de desenvolvimento (1 a 3) durante quatro safras (2014/2015 a 2017/2018). A raiz quadrada média do erro (RQME), para comparação da produtividade real com a produtividade simulada para o Rio Grande do Sul, foi de 618,3 e 1.024,8 kg ha−1, isto é, de 8 e 13%, respectivamente. A previsão de safra de arroz com aplicação do modelo SimulArroz e dados meteorológicos históricos para o Rio Grande do Sul apresenta boa capacidade preditiva quanto à produtividade, e o cenário recomendado para a previsão é o complex 1, com uso de três épocas de semeadura por local e das três cultivares mais representativas por região.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate a flooded-rice yield forecasting method for the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using the SimulArroz model. Version 1.1 of this model and historical meteorological data were used, with six different scenarios composed of the following levels of field information: number of sowing dates (1 to 4) and number of cultivars and/or development cycles (1 to 3) during four growing seasons (2014/2015 to 2017/2018). The root mean square error (RMSE) for comparing the actual yield with the simulated yield for Rio Grande do Sul was of 618.3 and 1,024.8 kg ha−1, i.e., of 8 and 13%, respectively. The forecast of rice yield by applying the SimulArroz model and historic meteorological data for Rio Grande do Sul shows a good predictability, and the recommended scenario is complex 1, using three sowing dates per site and the three most representative rice cultivars per region.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar o conhecimento dos professores da educação infantil sobre os primeiros socorros antes e após a participação na ação educativa. Método: pesquisa quantitativa com delineamento quase-experimental do tipo pré e pós-teste, realizado com 45 professores de quatros escolas de educação infantil. Utilizou-se para coleta de dados um instrumento com questões referentes à caracterização dos participantes e ao conhecimento sobre os primeiros socorros. Os dados foram analisados por meio de técnicas de estatística, sendo realizado o teste de Shapiro Wilk e de Wilcoxon. Resultados: houve aumento no número de acertos das questões e melhora em relação aos conceitos, com aumento na pontuação do pré para o pós-teste em 5,17 pontos e com a comparação das somas significativa. Conclusão: a realização de ações educativas sobre primeiros socorros aumenta o conhecimento de professores da educação infantil sobre o tema e os enfermeiros possuem destaque na atuação como educadores em saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the early childhood education teachers’ knowledge about first aid before and after the participation in an educational action. Method: Quantitative research with a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design, carried out with 45 teachers from four early childhood education schools. For data collection, an instrument with questions regarding the characterization of the participants and knowledge about first aid was used. Data were analyzed through statistical techniques, using the Shapiro Wilk and Wilcoxon tests. Results: There was an increase in the number of correct answers to the questions and improvement regarding grades, with an increase in the score from pre- to post-test by 5.17 points and with a significant comparison of sums. Conclusion: Carrying out educational actions on first aid increases the knowledge of early childhood education teachers on the subject and the nurses’ role as health educators is highlighted.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Averiguar el conocimiento de los profesores de la educación infantil sobre los primeros auxilios antes y después de la participación en la acción educativa. Método: investigación cuantitativa con delineación casi experimental del tipo pre y post-test, realizado con 45 profesores de cuatro escuelas de educación infantil. Se utilizó para recolección de datos un instrumento con cuestiones referentes a la caracterización de los participantes y al conocimiento sobre los primeros auxilios. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de técnicas de estadística, por lo que se realizaron el test de Shapiro Wilk y de Wilcoxon. Resultados: hubo aumento en el número de cuestiones correctas y mejora en relación a los conceptos, con aumento en la puntuación del pre para el post-test en 5,17 puntos y con la comparación de las sumas significativa. Conclusión: la realización de acciones educativas sobre primeros auxilios aumenta el conocimiento de profesores de la educación infantil sobre el tema y los enfermeros poseen destaque en la actuación como educadores en Salud.

ABSTRACT Background: To analyze the effectiveness and the safety of Sofosbuvir-based regimens to treat patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: A retrospective, observational study in patients with chronic HCV infection and CKD treated with Sofosbuvir-based regimens was performed. Liver fibrosis, comorbidities, HCV genotype and sustained virological resposnse (SVR) at 12th week post-treatment were evaluated. Kidney function was accessed by serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The assumed level of significance was 5 %. Results: Thirty-five patients were treated. The mean age was 52.1 ± 10.9 years, 19 (54.3 %) were women, 32 (91.4 %) were already kidney transplanted and 3 (8.6 %) were on hemodialysis. The SVR by intention to treat was 88.6 %. The mean GFR was 65.8 ± 28.6 and 63.7 ± 28.3 ml/min pre- and post-treatment respectively (p > 0.05). Treatment was interrupted in 1 (2.85 %) patient due to anemia and in 2 (5.7 %) due to loss of kidney function. Conclusion: Sofosbuvir-based regimens are effective to treat HCV in patients with CKD. In patients with mild CKD this type of therapy seems to be safe.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi modelar, no modelo SimulArroz, as três cultivares de arroz (Oryza sativa) irrigado atualmente mais cultivadas no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os experimentos para calibrar e validar o modelo foram conduzidos nos municípios de Cachoeirinha, Santa Maria, Uruguaiana, Santa Vitória do Palmar e Cachoeira do Sul, durante quatro safras. Foram avaliados o número de folhas, a fenologia, a biomassa da matéria seca da parte aérea e a produtividade de cada cultivar. Os resultados mostraram uma leve superestimativa dos estádios R1, R4 e R9; no entanto, no geral, o modelo SimulArroz apresentou bom desempenho na simulação da fenologia do arroz para os três genótipos estudados. Além disso, o modelo teve uma precisão razoável em simular matéria seca da parte aérea e produtividade. A raiz quadrada do erro quadrático médio (RMSE) para matéria seca da parte aérea (folhas, caules, panículas e grãos) variou de 0,5 a 3,0 Mg ha-1. Para produtividade, a RMSE variou de 0,8 a 1,3 Mg ha-1. A calibração do modelo SimulArroz é eficiente em simular o crescimento, o desenvolvimento e a produtividade de grãos das cultivares de arroz irrigado mais importantes no Sul do Brasil e pode ser utilizada para estimar a previsão de safra e o potencial de produtividade, bem como para estudos de lacunas de produtividade.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to model, in the SimulArroz model, the three flood-irrigated rice (Oryza sativa) cultivars currently most grown in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experiments to calibrate and validate the model were conducted in the municipalities of Cachoeirinha, Santa Maria, Uruguaiana, Santa Vitória do Palmar, and Cachoeira do Sul during four crop seasons. The number of leaves, phenology, aboveground dry matter biomass, and yield of each cultivar were evaluated. The results showed a slight overestimate of the R1, R4, and R9 stages; however, overall, the SimulArroz model had a good performance in simulating rice phenology for the three studied genotypes. Furthermore, the model had a reasonable accuracy in simulating aboveground dry matter and yield. The root-mean-square error (RMSE) for aboveground dry matter (leaves, stems, panicles, and grains) ranged from 0.5 to 3.0 Mg ha-1. For yield, the RMSE ranged from 0.8 to 1.3 Mg ha-1. The calibration of the SimulArroz model is efficient in simulating the growth, development, and grain yield of the most important flood-irrigated rice cultivars in Southern Brazil and can be used to estimate harvest forecast and yield potential, as well for yield gap studies.

ABSTRACT Chronic Hepatitis C relapse after liver transplantation can lead to graft failure within a short time period. The high efficacy and good safety profile of direct-acting antivirals has led to consensual recommendations for using interferon-free treatment after liver transplantation. However, pegylated interferon may still be required for genotype 3 non-responders. We treated a liver graft recipient with grade 1 fibrosis in the biopsy with daclatasvir and sofosbuvir for 12 weeks. He did not respond and progressed to grade 3 fibrosis. Lacking other options, we obtained a sustained virological response with pegylated interferon, ribavirin and sofosbuvir for 12 weeks. The combination of pegylated interferon, ribavirin and sofosbuvir is a viable option after the failure of direct acting antivirals in economically disadvantaged countries.

A depressão é considerada o problema de saúde mental mais comum na população idosa. Estudos têm demonstrado que a prática regular de atividades físicas pode reduzir os sintomas depressivos em idosos, proporcionando efeitos clínicos imediatos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a associação entre a presença de sintomas depressivos e o Índice de Aptidão Funcional Geral (IAFG) em idosos praticantes de exercícios físicos. Aplicou-se a Escala de Depressão Geriátrica de Yesavage (GDS-15) para verificar a presença de sintomas depressivos e a bateria de testes físicos da AAHPERD (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance), para obter o IAFG. Utilizaram-se a estatística descritiva e a correlação de Pearson, com nível de 95% de confiança. A população foi composta por 146 idosos, participantes do Programa Floripa Ativa - Fase B, sendo a amostra constituída de 77 idosos com média de 67,9 (DP 5,7) anos de idade. Dentre os avaliados, 13 apresentaram sintomas de depressão e 33 se enquadraram com IAFG regular. Encontrou-se uma correlação negativa (r= -0,307) e significante (p=0,007) entre o IAFG e a GDS. Esse fato demonstra uma relação inversamente proporcional, ou seja, idosos com melhor IAFG apresentaram menor incidência de sintomas depressivos. Considerando que o valor do IAFG é obtido por meio de testes físicos, sugere-se que, para o grupo estudado, a prática de exercícios físicos pode ter contribuído para atenuar os sintomas depressivos.

Depression is considered the most common mental health disorder in older adults. Studies have shown that physical activity can reduce depressive symptoms in this population with immediate clinical effects. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between symptoms of depression and General Functional Fitness Index (GFFI) in elderly physical exercise practitioners. The Geriatric Depression Scale of Yesavage (GDS-15) was used to evaluate the presence of depressive symptoms, and the AAHPERD (American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance) fitness test battery for assessment of GFFI. We used descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation with 95% confidence intervals. The population consisted of 146 elderly participants of the Floripa Ativa Program - Phase B, with the sample consisting of 77 older adults with a mean age of 67.9 (SD 5.7) years. Among them, 13 exhibited symptoms of depression and 33 were fit, with the GFFI within normal range. We found a negative (r = -0.307) and significant (p = 0.007) correlation between GDS and GFFI. This inversely proportional relationship demonstrates that subjects with a better GFFI had a lower incidence of depressive symptoms. As the GFFI value is obtained through physical tests, it can be suggested that physical exercise supported the reduction of depressive symptoms in the study group.