Resumo Embora evidências crescentes apoiem a monitoração da perfusão periférica em pacientes sépticos, nenhuma revisão sistemática foi feita para explorar a força da associação entre a má perfusão avaliada na microcirculação dos tecidos periféricos e a mortalidade. Uma busca nas bases de dados mais importantes foi feita para encontrar artigos publicados até fevereiro de 2018 que correspondessem aos critérios deste estudo, com diferentes palavras-chave: sepse, mortalidade, prognóstico, microcirculação e perfusão periférica. Os critérios de inclusão foram estudos que avaliaram a associação entre perfusão/microcirculação periférica e mortalidade em sepse. Os critérios de exclusão adotados foram os seguintes: artigos de revisão, estudos com animais/pré-clínicos, metanálises, resumos, anais de congressos, editoriais, cartas, relatos de casos, artigos duplicados e artigos que não continham resumos e/ou texto. Foram selecionados 26 artigos nos quais 2465 pacientes com sepse foram avaliados com pelo menos um método reconhecido para monitorar a perfusão periférica. A revisão demonstrou um grupo heterogêneo de pacientes gravemente enfermos com uma taxa de mortalidade entre 3% e 71% (mediana = 37% [28%-43%]). Os métodos de avaliação mais comumente usados foram a espectroscopia na região do infravermelho próximo (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy - NIRS) (7 artigos) e a análise de imagens em campo escuro (Sidestream Dark-Field - SDF) (5 artigos). O leito vascular mais avaliado foi a microcirculação sublingual/bucal (8 artigos), seguida pela ponta do dedo (4 artigos). A maioria dos estudos (23 artigos) demonstrou uma clara relação entre má perfusão periférica e mortalidade. Em conclusão, o diagnóstico de hipoperfusão/anormalidades microcirculatórias em órgãos não vitais periféricos foi associado ao aumento da mortalidade. No entanto, estudos adicionais devem ser feitos para verificar se essa associação pode ser considerada um marcador da gravidade ou um fator desencadeante da falência de órgãos na sepse.

Abstract Although increasing evidence supports the monitoring of peripheral perfusion in septic patients, no systematic review has been undertaken to explore the strength of association between poor perfusion assessed in microcirculation of peripheral tissues and mortality. A search of the most important databases was carried out to find articles published until February 2018 that met the criteria of this study using different keywords: sepsis, mortality, prognosis, microcirculation and peripheral perfusion. The inclusion criteria were studies that assessed association between peripheral perfusion/microcirculation and mortality in sepsis. The exclusion criteria adopted were: review articles, animal/pre-clinical studies, meta-analyzes, abstracts, annals of congress, editorials, letters, case-reports, duplicate and articles that did not present abstracts and/or had no text. In the 26 articles were chosen in which 2465 patients with sepsis were evaluated using at least one recognized method for monitoring peripheral perfusion. The review demonstrated a heterogeneous critically ill group with a mortality-rate between 3% and 71% (median = 37% [28%-43%]). The most commonly used methods for measurement were Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) (7 articles) and Sidestream Dark-Field (SDF) imaging (5 articles). The vascular bed most studied was the sublingual/buccal microcirculation (8 articles), followed by fingertip (4 articles). The majority of the studies (23 articles) demonstrated a clear relationship between poor peripheral perfusion and mortality. In conclusion, the diagnosis of hypoperfusion/microcirculatory abnormalities in peripheral non-vital organs was associated with increased mortality. However, additional studies must be undertaken to verify if this association can be considered a marker of the gravity or a trigger factor for organ failure in sepsis.

ABSTRACT The Ipubi Formation represents the Aptian-Albian siliciclastic-evaporitic succession of Araripe Basin, NE Brazil. This succession comprises siliciclastic rocks (bituminous shales and claystones) and evaporites (gypsum and secondary anhydrite) and represents part of the lacustrine-shallow marine post-rift phase I. This study used sequence stratigraphy concepts to define the relations between changes in the relative lake level and the formation of Ipubi deposits. Results show that the organic-rich shales of the Ipubi Formation formed during a transgressive pulse that covered large areas of the proximal domains. These deposits overlie a regional unconformity that marks the end of the deposition of the underlying Crato Formation. A High Stand stage that followed the transgression influenced the formation of evaporitic deposits. Climate conditions played a major role in influencing the triggering and stopping of evaporite deposition. Thus, a new relative lake level fall event caused the exposure of the Ipubi Formation deposits, and created another regional subaerial unconformity accompanied by widespread karstification of evaporite beds. A posterior transgression caused the deposition of siliciclastic rocks of the Romualdo Formation over the Ipubi Formation strata, and also promoted a new event of karstification of the Ipubi upper evaporite beds.

Objetivou-se determinar a lâmina ótima, a produtividade e a evapotranspiração (ETc) de cultivares de feijoeiro. O experimento foi conduzido no Câmpus da unidade I do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, em Uberaba - MG, em um delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de quatro níveis de reposição de água no solo (70; 100; 130 e 160% da evapotranspiração da cultura) e quatro cultivares de feijão (Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRSMG Majestoso e IAC Alvorada). Os valores médios de ETc obtidos pelo balanço de água no solo para as cultivares Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRSMG Majestoso e IAC Alvorada, foram, respectivamente, de 5,25 mm dia -1, 4,59 mm dia -1; 4,54 mm dia -1 m e 4,77 mm dia -1. As lâminas que proporcionaram as maiores produtividades foram para as cultivares Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRSMG Majestoso e IAC Alvorada, de 451,61; 454,41; 504,71 e 344,30 mm, respectivamente. As produtividades máximas encontradas foram 4.597,87 kg ha-1 (Pérola); 4.546,27 kg ha-1(BRSMG Madrepérola); 4.253,39 kg ha-1(BRSMG Majestoso) e 3.958,50 kg ha-1(IAC Alvorada).

The current study intended to determine the optimum water depth, yield and evapotranspiration (ETc) for bean cultivars. The experiment was conducted in the Campus of Unit I of the Triângulo Mineiro Federal Education and Technology Institute in Uberaba, MG, in a completely randomized design with three replications. The treatments consisted of four water-replacing levels in the soil (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the crop evapotranspiration) and four bean cultivars (Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRSMG Majestoso and IAC Alvorada). The average values of ETc obtained for soil water balance for the cultivars Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRSMG Majestoso and IAC Alvorada were, respectively, of 5.25 mm day-1, 4.59 mm day-1, 4.54 mm day-1 and 4.77 mm day-1. The water depths which provided the highest yields were for the cultivars Pérola, BRSMG Madrepérola, BRSMG Majestoso and IAC Alvorada of 451.61 mm, 454.41 mm, 504.71 mm and 344.30 mm, respectively. The maximum yields found were 4597.87 kg ha-1 (Pérola), 4546.27 kg ha-1 (BRSMG Madrepérola), 4253.39 kg ha-1 (BRSMG Majestoso) and 3958.50kg ha-1 (IAC Alvorada).

Dentre as culturas irrigadas o abacaxi vem-se destacando por sua importância econômica e social. É uma cultura exigente em tratos culturais dentre os quais a irrigação exerce forte influência na produção e qualidade dos frutos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os valores dos coeficientes de cultura e evapotranspiração do abacaxizeiro irrigado e cultivado em Uberaba, MG. O experimento foi conduzido no setor de Fruticultura do IFTM, campus Uberaba, MG. A cultivar utilizada foi a Smooth Cayenne. A irrigação foi realizada por tubogotejadores de duas formas: enterrados e superficiais. Para estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência (ETo) foi utilizada a equação de Penman-Monteith e para obtenção da evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) o balanço de água no solo. Dentre os resultados verifica-se que o maior valor de evapotranspiração da cultura foi de aproximadamente 6,8 mm; os valores de ETc médios encontrados quando a irrigação foi efetuada com tubogotejadores enterrados e superficiais foram, respectivamente, de 2,88 e 3,37 mm; os valores médios de coeficientes de cultura foram de 0,97 (tubogotejador enterrado) e 0,91 (tubogotejador superficial) para todo o ciclo do abacaxi.

Among the irrigated crops, the pineapple stand out for both its economic and social importance. It is a crop demanding in cultural practices, among which irrigation exercises strong influence upon the production and quality of fruits.The purpose of this study was to determine the values of the crop coefficients and evapotranspiration of the pineapple crop in Uberaba, MG. The experiment was conducted in the Fruit Crops Sector of "Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Triângulo Mineiro, campus Uberaba", MG. The cultivar used was Smooth Cayenne. Irrigation was carried out through driplines in two manners: buried and surface. For the estimate of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo), the Penman-Monteith equation was utilized and for obtaining the crop evapotranspiration (ETc), the soil water balance was used. Among the results, the highest value of evapotranspiration of the crop was about 6.8 mm; the values of mean ETc found when irrigation was performed with buried and surface driplines were respectively of 2.88 and 3.37 mm and when the irrigation was performed with surface and buried piping, respectively; the mean values of crop coefficient were of 0.97 (driplines buried) and 0.91 (driplines surface) for the entire cycle of the pineapple crop.

The aim of this study was to investigate the wound healing activity of atranorin cream (Patent requested) on excision wounds. Seventy-two male rats were anesthetized and an excisional wound was performed. Then the rats were randomly assigned into three groups: untreated control group; atranorin 1 (group treated with 1% AT ointment); and atranorin 5 (group treated with 5% AT ointment). Six animals of each group were euthanized 3, 7, 14 or 21 days after surgical procedures and the wounded areas were analyzed and removed. Serial histological sections were obtained and stained by histochemical techniques (Hematoxilin-Eosin-HEand Sirius red) and immunohistochemical techniques. Topical application of atranorin reduced wound areas, induced earlier granulation tissue formation, increased cell proliferation, improved collagenization and modulated the myofibroblasts differentiation when compared to control animals. It is suggested that atranorin modulates the wound healing process. These data suggest that this formulation based on atranorin extracted from Cladina kalbii AHTI may be a new biotechnological product for wound healing clinical applications.

This study investigated the possible antinociceptive effect of p-cymene in different tests of orofacial nociception. The animals (mice) were pretreated (i.p.) with p-cymene (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), morphine (5 mg/kg), or vehicle (0.2% Tween 80+saline), and were then subsequently administered, subcutaneously into their upper lip: formalin, capsaicin, and glutamate. The nociceptive behavior response was characterized by the time in s that the mice remained rubbing the orofacial region, for a period of 40 min in the formalin test (first phase, 0-6 min; and second phase, 21-40 min), and for 42 and 15 min in the capsaicin and glutamate tests, respectively. To verify the possible opioid involvement in the antinociceptive effects, naloxone (i.p.) was administered into the mice 15 min prior to the pretreatment with p-cymene (100 mg/kg). Finally, whether or not the p-cymene evoked any change in motor performance in the Rota-rod test was evaluated. The results showed that the treatment with p-cymene, at all doses, reduced (p<0.001) the nociceptive behavior in all nociception tests. The antinociceptive effect of p-cymene was antagonized by naloxone (1.5 mg/kg). Additionally, mice treated with p-cymene did not show any change in motor performance. In conclusion, p-cymene attenuated orofacial nociception, suggesting an involvement of the opioid system in this effect. Thus, p-cymene might represent an important biomolecule for management and/or treatment of orofacial pain.

Citral (CIT), which contains the chiral enantiomers, neral (cis) and geranial (trans), is the majority monoterpene from Lippia alba and Cymbopogon citratus. The present study aimed to evaluate CIT for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in rodents. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects were studied by measuring nociception through acetic acid and formalin tests, while inflammation was verified by inducing peritonitis and paw edema with carrageenan. All tested doses of CIT had significant protection (p<0.001) against acetic acid (0.8%) induced nociceptive behavior and the effects were also similar to morphine while formalin induced nociception was significantly protected (p<0.05) only at higher dose (200 mg/kg) of CIT in the first phase of the test. CIT significantly reduce (p<0.001) nociceptive behavior emanating from inflammation in second phase at all the doses.The pretreatment with CIT (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced the paw edema induced by carrageenan. Moreover, systemic treatment with CIT (100 and 200 mg/kg) significantly reduced (p<0.001) the leukocyte migration in the carrageenan-induced migration to the peritoneal cavity. Our investigation shows that CIT possess significant central and peripheral antinociceptive effects. It was also verified an anti-inflammatory activity. All together these results suggest that CIT might represent important tool for treatment of painful conditions.

Com o objetivo de determinar o consumo de água pela cultura do crisântemo, ao longo do seu ciclo de desenvolvimento, conduziu-se um experimento em ambiente protegido, na Universidade Federal de Lavras - MG, com as cultivares Kátia e Bi Time. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial, com duas cultivares e duas freqüências de irrigação, com oito repetições, sendo o manejo da irrigação feito utilizando-se do método da pesagem. O consumo de água entre irrigações foi obtido pela pesagem dos vasos. Instalou-se na área experimental um tanque Classe A, para obter a evaporação e posterior correlação com o consumo hídrico das cultivares. Verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa do consumo quando as cultivares foram irrigadas uma e duas vezes ao dia. Observou-se que as cultivares possuem consumo diferenciado segundo seus estádios de desenvolvimento. O consumo médio de água, ao longo do ciclo, para a freqüência de irrigação de uma e duas vezes ao dia, da cultivar Kátia, foi de 118 e 108 mL dia-1, e da cultivar Bi Time, foi de 98 e 113 mL dia-1, respectivamente.

With the objective of determining the chrysanthemum water consumption, an experiment was carried out at the Universidade Federal de Lavras, MG, Brazil, under greenhouse condition, with two chrysanthemums cultivars, Kátia and Bi Time. A completely randomized experimental design in a factorial outline, with eight replications, two cultivars and two irrigation frequencies were used. Irrigation scheduling was based on pot plant weight. The water consumption between irrigations was obtained by weighting the pot. A class A tank, was used to obtain the evaporation and subsequent correlation with the crop water consumption. It was verified that there was not significant difference of water requirement when the cultivars were irrigated once and twice day. It was observed that the cultivars presented differentiated water requirement according to the development stage. Along the cycle, the average water consumption, for once and twice day irrigation, for cultivar Kátia was 118 and 108 mL day-1 and for the cultivar Bi Time was 98 and 113 mL day-1, respectively.

Os efeitos de diferentes níveis de déficit hídrico, aplicados em dois estádios fenológicos da cultura da berinjela, foram avaliados por meio de um experimento conduzido em casa de vegetação, no Departamento de Engenharia, da Universidade Federal de Lavras, em Lavras - MG. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 x 4, sendo duas fases fenológicas (pós-transplante/abertura da gema floral e formação de frutos/colheita) e quatro níveis de déficit hídrico (100; 80; 60 e 40% da evapotranspiração), totalizando oito tratamentos, com seis repetições. Avaliaram-se o diâmetro de caule, altura das plantas e número de folhas em diferentes épocas, produção e número de frutos. Os resultados mostraram que a produção e o número de frutos foram mais afetados pelo déficit hídrico quando esse ocorreu durante a fase de formação dos frutos e que a qualidade dos frutos foi mais afetada do que a produção total. Deficiências hídricas mais intensas provocaram redução nos valores da altura da planta, do diâmetro do caule e do número de folhas, independentemente da época em que foram aplicadas.

The effects of different levels of water deficit, applied in two fenological phases of eggplant crop, were measured in an experiment conducted in a green house of the Department of Engineering - UFLA, in Lavras - MG, Brazil. A complete randomized experimental design was used in a factorial array of 2 x 4, being two phenological phases (after-transplanting/opening of the floral bud and fruits formation/harvest) and four levels of water deficit (100; 80; 60, and 40% of the evapotranspiration), in eight treatments with six replications. The stem diameter, height of the plants and number of leaves were evaluated in different times, production and number of fruits. The results showed that the production and the number of fruits were more affected by the water deficit when it occurred during the phase of formation of the fruits, and that, the quality of the fruit was more affected than the total production. The increase of the water deficit resulted in smaller values of the height of the plant, diameter of the stem and number of leaves, independently of the application time.