Abstract Background: Real-world, primary data on the treatment of psoriasis are scarce, especially concerning the role of soluble biomarkers as outcome predictors. Objective: The authors evaluated the utility of Th1/Th17 serum cytokines along with clinical characteristics as predictors of drug survival in the treatment of psoriasis. Methods: The authors consecutively included participants with moderate to severe psoriasis who were followed up for 6 years. Baseline interferon-α, tumor necrosis factor-α, and inter-leukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A were measured using a cytometric bead array; clinical data were assessed. The authors calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for drug survival using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The authors included 262 patients, most of whom used systemic immunosuppressants or biologics. In the multivariate model, poor quality of life measured by the Dermatology Life Quality Index (HR = 1.04; 95% CI 1.01–1.07; p = 0.012) and elevated baseline IL-6 (HR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.29–3.08; p = 0.002) were associated with treatment interruption. Study limitations: The main limitation of any cohort study is the presence of confounders that could not be detected in clinical evaluation. Conclusions: Poor quality of life and elevated baseline serum IL-6 level predicted treatment interruption in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Although IL-6 is not the most important mediator of the inflammatory pathway in the skin environment, it is an interesting biomarker candidate for predicting psoriasis treatment response.

ABSTRACT Scorpion envenoming is considered a public health problem in Brazil. A recent study described a variation in the clinical outcome of envenoming by Tityus obscurus in two populations separated by 850 km in the northeastern Amazon region. Our aim was to evaluate whether such clinical and toxinological variations are associated with underlying differences in genetic diversity between these two T. obscurus populations. We obtained DNA from five individuals of each population, in the municipalities of Belém and Santarém, located east and west of the state of Pará, Brazil, respectively. Gene regions encoding mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and ribosomal 16S RNA (16S) were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inferences (BA) for both molecular data (COI and 16S). The sampled T. obscurus populations corresponded to two distinct mtDNA lineages (genetic distance COI K2 P = 0.08 to 0.13; 16S K2 P = 0.10 to 0.11) with no shared mutations between groups and well supported by ML and BA inferences. Based on the divergence values found between eastern and western populations (COI, 0.07 to 0.12; 16S, 0.10), our study confirms the genetic heterogeneity of T. obscurus populations within the state of Pará, which correlates with observed venom and clinical differences, and reinforces the need for mapping the distribution of haplotypes throughout the geographic range of T. obscurus, to aid in future epidemiological, toxinological, and evolutionary studies.

RESUMO O envenenamento por escorpiões é considerado um problema de saúde pública no Brasil. Um estudo recente descreve a variação do quadro clínico de envenenamento por Tityus obscurus em duas populações separadas por uma distância de 850 km no nordeste da Amazônia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se tais variações clínicas e toxicológicas estão associadas a diferenças subjacentes na diversidade genética entre essas duas populações de T. obscurus. Obtivemos DNA de cinco indivíduos de cada população nos municípios de Belém e Santarém, localizados a leste e oeste do estado do Pará, Brasil, respectivamente. Regiões gênicas que codificam marcadores de DNA mitocondrial (mtDNA) citocromo oxidase subunidade I (COI) e RNA ribossômico 16S (16S) foram amplificadas e sequenciadas. As análises filogenéticas foram realizadas por máxima verossimilhança (ML) e inferência Bayesiana (BA) para ambos os dados moleculares (COI e 16S). As populações de T. obscurus amostradas corresponderam a duas linhagens distintas de mtDNA (distância genética COI K2 P = 0,08 a 0,13; 16S K2 P = 0,10 a 0,11) sem mutações compartilhadas entre os grupos, e bem corroboradas por inferências ML e BA. Com base nos valores de divergência encontrados entre as populações oriental e ocidental (COI, 0,07 a 0,12; 16S, 0,10), nosso estudo confirma a heterogeneidade genética das populações de T. obscurus no estado do Pará. Os resultados são congruentes com as diferenças observadas no quadro clínico dos acidentes e toxicidade do veneno, e reforçam a necessidade de mapear a distribuição de haplótipos em toda a distribuição geográfica de T. obscurus, para auxiliar em futuros estudos epidemiológicos, toxinológicos e evolutivos.

Abstract Guarana (Paullinia cupana) is a native plant from the Amazon whose seeds contain a high concentration of caffeine. Aqueous extract of guarana is widely used in the world. In this study, the objective was to develop and validate a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography method for the determination of caffeine in extracts and commercial beverages based on guarana. A sensitive, simple, and viable high performance liquid chromatographic method without the need of an analyte extraction procedure was developed and validated according to Brazilian and international requirements. The method presented high performance, fulfilling Brazilian and international requirements, in addition to allowing product compliance tests. Results confirmed high selectivity and linearity (>0.999) between 5 to 135 ug/mL, with no significant matrix effect. Detection and quantification limits were 0.02 µg/mL and 2 µg/mL, respectively. Precision was less than 4 %, and accuracy varied from 99.9-120 %. Applicability of the method was demonstrated by conducting a limited evaluation in products containing caffeine. Commercial extracts showed quite different caffeine levels, while carbonated drinks follow Brazilian and American recommendations. Our results indicate that the developed method can be used to evaluate the quality of the guarana extract and of products containing caffeine.

RESUMO Tendo em vista a carência de informações técnicas sobre a lâmina de água e adubação com nitrogênio via fertirrigação em cultivo protegido para produção de pimentão na região norte do Brasil. Este trabalho foi realizado objetivando-se estudar tensões de água no solo sob diferentes doses de nitrogênio, para o cultivo de pimentão em cultivo protegido. O experimento executado em casa de vegetação na Fazenda Escola de Igarapé Açu da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, no espaçamento 1,0 x 0,50 m, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, esquema fatorial 5x4, com três repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por cinco tensões de água no solo (15, 25, 35, 45 e 65 kPa) e quatro doses de nitrogênio (0, 135, 265 e 395 kg ha-1). Houve interação entre os fatores tensão de água no solo e doses de nitrogênio apenas para eficiência no uso de nitrogênio, obtendo melhor índice na combinação 15 kPa de água no solo e 135 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio. Número total de frutos, comprimento e diâmetro de frutos tiveram diferença significativa apenas para as tensões de água no solo. Produção por planta, produtividade total, eficiência no uso da água foram estatisticamente significativas para as tensões de água no solo e doses de nitrogênio. Logo, recomenda-se a tensão de 15 kPa de água no solo e dose de 265 kg ha-1 de nitrogênio, para o cultivo de pimentão em ambiente protegido.

ABSTRACT Considering the lack of technical information on the water depth and nitrogen fertilization via fertigation in protected cultivation for bell pepper production in northern Brazil, this paper aimed to study the soil water tensions under different nitrogen doses for the cultivation of bell pepper in protected environment. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Igarapé-Açu School Farm of the Federal Rural University of the Amazon, at 1.0 x 0.50 m spacing, using the experimental design of randomized blocks in a 5x4 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The treatments consisted of five soil water tensions (15, 25, 35, 45 and 65 kPa) and four nitrogen doses (0, 135, 265 and 395 kg ha-1). There was interaction between soil water tension and nitrogen doses only for nitrogen use efficiency, and the best value was obtained with the combination between soil water tension of 15 kPa and nitrogen dose of 135 kg ha-1. Total number of fruits, fruit length and fruit diameter showed significant differences only as a function of soil water tensions. Production per plant, total yield and water use efficiency were statistically significant for soil water tensions and nitrogen doses. Therefore, for the conditions in which this study was carried out, it is recommended to apply a soil water tension of 15 kPa and nitrogen dose of 265 kg ha-1 for bell pepper cultivation in protected environment.

Resumen Introducción: Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz. (Fabaceae), conocida como catingueira, es tradicionalmente utilizada en la medicina para tratar diarrea, hepatitis y anemia. Sin embargo, no hay estudios sobre los efectos tóxico genéticos de la P. bracteosa. Objetivo: En el presente estudio se tuvo como objetivo investigar el perfil fitoquímico y el potencial mutagénico y antimutagénico del extracto acuoso de la cáscara de P. bracteosa en Allium cepa y Mus musculus. Métodos: El extracto de la cáscara fue diluido en agua destilada para fornecer las cuatro concentraciones (2, 4, 8 y 16 mg/ml) utilizadas en el bioensayo A. cepa y las tres dosis (10, 20 y 40 mg / Kg) fueron administradas a los ratones (5 animales por grupo). El perfil fito-químico fue realizado por el test colorimétrico para identificar los principales metabólitos secundarios en el extracto de la cáscara. Tras el tratamiento, 5 000 células meristemáticas fueron analizadas para determinar el índice mitótico, el promedio de alteraciones cromosómicas y el porcentaje de reducción de daños. Para ratones, tras 24, 48 y 72 h, la sangre de la cola de cada animal fue recolectado para la preparación de dos láminas por animal. Para cada animal, 2 000 eritrocitos normocromáticos por ratón fueron evaluados para establecer el número de micronúcleos y el efecto protector. Se analizaron los dados por el test de Kruskal-Wallis (P < 0.05). El estudio fito-químico del extracto detectó azúcares reductores y taninos. Resultados: Ninguna de las concentraciones del extracto fue citotóxica y en todos los tratamientos (pre, simultáneo y después) fue observado el efecto citoprotetor en A. cepa. El promedio total de las alteraciones cromosómicas en todas las concentraciones apuntó actividad no mutagénica de la cáscara. El porcentaje de reducción del daño fue observada en los tratamientos pre (de 77.6 al 90.5 %), simultáneo (del 95.6 al 114.7 %) y tras (de 84.8 al 117.7 %). En los ratones, ninguna de las dosis del extracto presentó efecto mutagénico y el porcentaje de reducción del daño osciló de -21.2 al 78.6 % (pre); de 27.5 al 101.3 % (simultánea) y de 85.5 al 120.6 % (tras-tratamiento). Probablemente, los fito-químicos presentes en el extracto no interfirieron en el ciclo celular (A. cepa), tampoco causaron daños al DNA (A. cepa y ratones) y presentaron efecto protector en las dos especies estudiadas. Los datos observados apuntan la importancia del extracto de la cáscara de P. bracteosa para inhibición del daño y quimio prevención. Sin embargo, más estudios deben ser realizados para garantizar su efecto protector sobre el material genético.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P. Queiroz. (Fabaceae), known as catingueira, is traditionally used in medicine to treat diarrhea, hepatitis and anemia. However, there are no studies on their toxicogenetic effects. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile as well as the mutagenic and antimutagenic potential of P. bracteosa aqueous bark extract in Allium cepa and Mus musculus. Methods: The extract from barks was diluted in distilled water to yield the four concentrations (2, 4, 8 and 16 mg/ml) used in the A. cepa bioassay and the three doses (10, 20 and 40 mg/Kg) administered to the mice (five animals per group). The phytochemical profile was performed by the colorimetric test to identify the main secondary metabolites in the bark extract. After treatment, five-thousand meristematic cells were analyzed to determine the mitotic index, the mean number of chromosome alterations and the percentage of damage reduction. For mice, after 24, 48 and 72 h, tail blood was collected from each animal for the preparation of two slides per animal. For each animal, 2 000 normochromatic erythrocytes per mice were evaluated to establish the number of micronuclei and the protective effect. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test (P < 0.05). Results: The phytochemical analysis of the extract detected reducing sugars and tannins. None of the concentrations of extract was cytotoxic and the cytoprotective effect was observed in A. cepa for all treatments (pre-, simultaneous and post-). The total mean of chromosome alterations in all concentrations indicated a non-mutagenic activity of the bark. The percentage of damage reduction was observed in the pre- (77.6 to 90.5 %), simultaneous (95.6 to 114.7 %) and post- (84.8 to 117.7 %) treatments. In mice, none of the dosages of extract presented mutagenic effect and the percentage of damage reduction varied from -21.16 to 78.63 % (pre-); from 27.51 to 101.28 % (simultaneous) and from 85.47 to 120.63 % (post-treatment). Conclusions: Probably, the phytochemicals in the extract did not interfere with the cell cycle (A. cepa) nor caused damage to the DNA (A. cepa and mice), and exhibited protective effect in both studied species. The observed data indicate the importance of P. bracteosa bark extract for the inhibition of damage and chemoprevention. However, more studies should be carried out to ensure its protective effect on the genetic material.

Abstract BRS FC104 is a carioca seeded common bean cultivar with super-early maturity (mean of 65 days; emergence to physiological maturity) and disease resistance superior to other early maturity carioca seeded cultivars. Is is recommended for growing in 21 Brazilian states and has high yield potential (3792 kg ha-1), a mean yield of 2186 kg ha-1, and 6.9% higher mean of the relative yield compared to the control cultivars.

Resumo Objetivo Demonstrar, em 36 porcos usados como modelos vivos, que o acesso intraósseo (IO) é mais eficaz em comparação com o acesso endovenoso (EV) na administração de antibiótico profilático em cirurgias na articulação do joelho. Materiais e Métodos Foram coletadas, analisadas e comparadas amostras de pele, tecido subcutâneo, cartilagem e osso, após administração de antibiótico profilático EV e IO em grupos diferentes. Resultado A comparação entre os grupos IO e EV indicou que no grupo IO houve maior concentração de antibiótico profilático na pele (p = 0,049), na cartilagem (p = 0,018) e no osso (p = 0,002), na análise das primeiras 24 horas após 30 minutos de infusão. Conclusão Visto que as complicações dessa prática são raras, o uso dessa via pode ser uma opção para a diminuição do risco de infecção do sítio cirúrgico nas cirurgias ortopédicas, pois leva à diminuição da morbimortalidade e dos gastos hospitalares com reabordagens ou com tempo prolongado de internação. Contudo, são necessários mais pesquisas e novos estudos experimentais em seres humanos, dado que está comprovada a eficácia do método em porcos.

Abstract Objective To demonstrate that the intraosseous (IO) access is more effective compared with the intravenous (IV) access for prophylactic antibiotic administration in knee joint surgeries, using 36 pigs as live models. Materials and Methods Skin, subcutaneous tissue, cartilage, and bone samples were collected, analyzed and compared after the administration of IV or IO antibiotic in different groups. Results When comparing the IO and IV groups, the IO group showed a higher concentration of prophylactic antibiotic in the skin (p = 0.049), cartilage (p = 0.018), and bone (p = 0.002), in the analysis of the first 24 hours after 30 minutes of infusion. Conclusion Since complications regarding this practice are rare, the use of this pathway may be an alternative to reduce the risk of surgical site infection in orthopedic surgeries, leading to a decrease in morbidity and mortality and hospital expenses with readmission or prolonged hospitalization time. However, further research and further experimental studies in humans are required, as the effectiveness of the method in pigs has been proved.

Abstract BRS FP403 is a common bean cultivar from the black bean market class with high grain yield and yield potential, high commercial and cooking quality, and moderate resistance to fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) and root rot diseases (Fusarium solani f. sp. phaseoli and Rhizoctonia solani).

Abstract BRS Sublime is a common bean cultivar with carioca grains, high nutritional grain quality, and high yield potential (4667 kg ha-1). It has a normal cycle, upright growth, low loss rates in the mechanical harvest, and is recommended for planting in 19 Brazilian states, in the three main common bean cultivation regions. It is the first cultivar developed in the world with angular leaf spot resistance.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interação de genótipos com ambientes para produtividade de grãos de linhagens e cultivares de feijoeiro-comum (Phaseolus vulgaris) com potencial de uso em sistema de agricultura familiar. Foram analisados os dados dos ensaios de valor de cultivo e uso conduzidos em 20 ambientes do Estado de Goiás, em dois ciclos (2007/2008 e 2009/2010), nas safras da seca, das águas e de inverno. Cada ensaio foi constituído por 15 genótipos de feijoeiro-comum dos grupos comerciais carioca, roxo e rosinha. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos completos ao acaso com três repetições. As metodologias utilizadas para o estudo de estabilidade e adaptabilidade foram a de Lin & Binns, a de Cruz, o modelo de efeitos aditivos principais com interação multiplicativa (AMMI) para cálculo da média ponderada de escores absolutos e produtividade (MPEAP), e a análise gráfica GGE biplot. O desempenho produtivo das linhagens e das cultivares de feijoeiro-comum é influenciado pela interação de genótipos com ambientes. As metodologias empregadas permitem selecionar cultivares para cultivo, e cultivares e linhagens como genitores com o objetivo de obter populações segregantes para seleção em sistema de agricultura familiar.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the interaction between genotypes and environments for grain yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) lines and cultivars with potential for use in family farming systems. Data from value for cultivation and use tests, carried out in 20 environments in the state of Goiás, Brazil, were analyzed in two cycles (2007/2008 and 2009/2010) in the dry, rainy, and winter crop seasons. Each test consisted of 15 genotypes from the carioca, purple, and rosinha common bean commercial groups. The experimental design was randomized complete block, with three replicates. The methodologies used to test the stability and adaptability of the genotypes were the one of Lin & Binns, of Cruz, the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction model (AMMI) to calculate the weighted average of absolute scores and productivity (WAASP), and the GGE biplot graphical analysis. The productive performance of the common bean lines and cultivars is affected by genotype x environment interaction. The methodologies adopted allow the selection of cultivars for cropping, and of cultivars and lines for use as parents in order to obtain segregating populations for selection in a family farming system.

RESUMO Para um estudo hidrogeológico adequado de camadas de aluvião no semiárido é importante conhecer bem sua geometria e suas propriedades. As formações aluviais são geralmente constituídas por processos de erosão, transporte e sedimentação, causando considerável heterogeneidade nos parâmetros hidráulicos do solo e no fluxo de água. A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar uma caracterização geofísica através do Radar de Penetração no Solo – GPR no leito seco do rio Capibaribe. As mudanças nas camadas no conteúdo de água, granulometria, tipo de sedimento e orientação das camadas, o lençol freático, as estruturas sedimentares e os contatos litológicos tendem ser identificados, o que torna o método eficaz para investigação hidrogeológica. A área de estudo compreende as aluviões do leito seco do alto Capibaribe no município de Santa Cruz do Capibaribe. Os resultados mostraram que o GPR foi eficiente no imageamento da subsuperficie contribuindo para o conhecimento da geometria e da estratigrafia do aquífero do leito. No leito seco do rio, com antena de 400 MHz o sinal atingiu profundidade de 2,65 m e com antena de 200 MHz o sinal atingiu 6,00 m. A franja capilar foi identificada na profundidade de 3,0 m com o uso das antenas de 200MHz e 400MHz.

ABSTRACT For an adequate hydrogeological study of alluvial layers in the semi-arid zone, it is important to know well its geometry and its hydraulics characteristics. Alluvial formations are generally constituted by erosion, transport and sedimentation processes, causing considerable heterogeneity in soil hydraulic parameters and water flow. The present research had as objective to perform a geophysical characterization using the Ground Penetrating Radar – GPR in the dry bed of the Capibaribe river. To the extent that depositional layers exhibit changes in water content, granularity, sediment type and layer orientation, the water table as well as sedimentary structures and lithological contacts tend to be identified, making the method effective for hydrogeology research. The study area comprises alluvial dry river bed of upper Capibaribe river in the municipality of Santa Cruz do Capibaribe. The results showed that GPR was efficient in the imaging of the subsurface contributing to the knowledge of the geometry and the stratigraphy of the aquifer of the dry bed of the river. In the dry bed of the river, with 400 MHz antenna the signal reached a depth of 2.65 m, and with the antenna of 200 MHz, the signal reached a depth of 6.00 m. The capillary fringe was identified at a depth of 3.0m with the use of 200MHz and 400MHz antennas.

Abstract - BRS FC402 is a common bean cultivar of the carioca-grain group with commercial grain quality, suitable for cultivation in 21 Brazilian states. Cultivar has a normal cycle (85-94 days), high yield potential (4479 kg ha-1), 10.1% higher mean yield than the controls (2462 kg ha-1) and resistance to fusarium wilt and anthracnose.

Resumo A língua é considerada um órgão-chave para os morcegos, pois os caracteres especializados são utilizados para fins taxonômicos e sistemáticos, estudos cladísticos e elucidação dos padrões dos hábitos alimentares. Objetivou-se caracterizar morfologicamente a língua das espécies Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus e Dermanura cinerea e relatar a primeira evidência de melanina no epitélio lingual de morcegos. Foram utilizados 20 exemplares coletados nos municípios de Vitória de Santo Antão e Sirinhaém, em Pernambuco. As línguas foram extraídas e submetidas a técnicas histológicas de rotina, coradas com hematoxilina e eosina (HE) e Fontana-Masson. Nas quatro espécies, foi observado o epitélio estratificado pavimentoso queratinizado, porém com presença de grânulos de melanina na camada basal somente nas espécies A. lituratus, A. planirostris e A. obscurus, evidenciados por meio da técnica de coloração por Fontana-Masson. A melanina encontrada na língua dessas espécies caracteriza-se como o primeiro registro para a ordem Chiroptera e pode estar relacionada à assepsia oral e/ou à inibição de substâncias tóxicas presentes em vegetais. Portanto, há necessidade de novos estudos, visando aprimorar o conhecimento acerca da função do pigmento nesse órgão.

Abstract The tongue is regarded as a key organ for bats, since the specialized characters are used for taxonomic and systematic purposes, cladistic studies, and elucidation of patterns of eating habits. This study aimed to characterize morphologically the tongue in the species Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus planirostris, Artibeus obscurus, and Dermanura cinerea, and to report the first evidence of melanin in the lingual epithelium of bats. We used 20 specimens collected in the municipalities of Vitória de Santo Antão and Sirinhaém, in Pernambuco State, Brazil. The tongues were extracted and submitted to routine histological techniques, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and Fontana-Masson. In the four species, the keratinized stratified pavement epithelium was observed, but with the presence of melanin granules on the basal layer only in the species A. lituratus, A. planirostris, and A. obscurus, evidenced through the Fontana-Masson staining technique. The melanin found in the tongue of these species is characterized as the first record for the order Chiroptera and it may be related to oral asepsis, and/or inhibition of toxic substances observed in plants. Therefore, there is a need for further studies, aiming to improve our knowledge of the function of pigment in this organ.

RESUMO A interação entre águas subterrânea e superficial ocorre naturalmente e depende da dinâmica na zona hiporreica. A zona hiporreica é a interface entre o corpo hídrico superficial e o meio subterrâneo, sendo um sistema que também influencia a qualidade da água. Uma importante característica é a capacidade de fluxo nesta zona. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o fluxo vertical de água na zona hiporreica em dois pontos do rio Beberibe, Olinda - PE, para compreender as características do ambiente hiporreico e a dinâmica do fluxo de água nesta zona, além de identificar a existência de conexão hidráulica entre a água superficial e subterrânea. A fase experimental consistiu em ensaios de infiltração no leito com infiltrômetro de cilindro e leituras da diferença da carga hidráulica com piezômetro diferencial, complementadas com informações granulométricas, para uma avaliação da capacidade de transporte de volumes hídricos entre o rio e o aquífero. Analisando-se o comportamento da interação ao longo do período de 10 meses, verificou-se que o rio Beberibe no seu curso médio contribui para a recarga do lençol freático em boa parte do tempo, sendo a média da taxa de infiltração de 1,02 mm/min no ponto 1 e de 0,85 mm/min no ponto 2. Concluiu-se que há uma variabilidade no sentido do fluxo, que geralmente é de cima para baixo, mas pode sofrer alteração no fluxo apresentando ascendência após longos períodos de chuva. Concluiu-se, ainda, que a distribuição granulométrica dos sedimentos do leito, que são predominantemente arenosos, influencia a condutividade hidráulica da zona hiporreica e consequentemente as taxas de escoamento vertical.

ABSTRACT The interaction between groundwater and surface water occurs naturally and is dependent on the dynamics in the hyporheic zone. The hyporheic zone is the interface between the surface water source and the phreatic aquifer and it’s a system that also influences the water quality. An important feature is the ability to flux in this zone. This work aimed to evaluate the vertical hydraulic gradient in the hyporheic zone at two points in Beberibe river, Olinda-PE, to understand the hyporheic environment characteristics and water flow dynamics in experimental area, in addition to identify the existence of hydraulic connection between surface water and groundwater. The experimental phase consisted of infiltration tests in riverbed with cylinder infiltrometer and vertical hydraulic gradients readings with differential piezometer, complemented with grain size information, for an assessment of the water budget between the river and the aquifer. Analyzing the behavior of the interaction over the period of 10 months, it was observed that the Beberibe river (middle course) contributes to the groundwater recharge in most of the time. The average infiltration rate was 1.02 mm/min in point 1 and 0.85 mm/min in point 2. It was concluded that there is a variability in flow direction, which often is top-down, but may undergo change in the stream showing upstream after long periods of rainfall. Another conclusion is that grain size distribution of bed sediment, that is predominantly sandy, influences hydraulic conductivity of hyporheic zone and influences consequently the vertical flow rates.

Resumo Este trabalho apresenta um projeto experimental de uma trincheira de infiltração instalada na cidade de Recife, PE, nos primeiros meses de vida útil. Foram avaliadas as funções de armazenamento de água no interior do sistema e a função de infiltração, observando-se o processo de recessão. Em razão dos consequentes eventos de precipitação, a trincheira foi muito solicitada, não tendo suprido, em alguns casos, o grande volume de entrada, o que gerou extravasamento na estrutura. Uma análise de custo foi implementada e avaliaram-se o desempenho e o custo de construção para os tempos de retorno (2, 5, 10 e 25 anos) e durações de chuva de projeto (10, 15, 60 e 120 min). Essa análise revelou que houve subdimensionamento da camada de armazenamento. Apesar disso, a trincheira de infiltração apresentou resultados positivos, com a capacidade de infiltrar no mínimo 63,57% dos volumes de entrada, ou seja, trata-se de uma técnica compensatória no manejo das águas pluviais urbanas.

Abstract The aim of this paper is to present an experimental project of an installed infiltration trench in Recife/PE in the first months of life. Storage functions within the system were evaluated through the monitoring of the water levels and infiltration function, watching for the downward movement behavior level, recession. Because of the consequent events of precipitation, the trench was very requested, not having supplied, in some cases, the large volume of entry, which generated a leakage in the structure. A cost analysis was implemented and evaluated the performance and the cost of construction for the return times (2, 5, 10 and 25 years) and project rainfall durations (10, 15, 60 and 120 min). Despite the storage layer was undersizing, the infiltration trench showed positive results, and found a minimum capacity of infiltrating 63.57% of the input volumes, presenting itself as a compensatory technique in the management of urban rainwater.