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ABSTRACT: Pythiosis is the disease caused by aquatic oomycetes of the genus Pythium. In dogs the typical course of the disease involves the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by transmural thickening of the stomach or intestines. However, infection by Pythium spp. has only rarely been recognized as a cause of esophagitis in dogs. Thus, the present reports a case of esophageal and gastric pythiosis in an eight-month-old female pit bull dog. The dog was attended at the hospital after two months presenting regurgitation and dyspnea. It was reported that the dog lived in an urban area and had no previous sanitary issues. At clinical examination it was noted that the dog presented crackling sounds at pulmonary auscultation. A support therapy accompanied by antibiotics has been employed; however, 22 days after hospitalization the clinical condition worsened, and the dog died. At necropsy, the wall of the distal segment of the esophagus and the cardia and part of the fundus of the stomach were expanded by a focal extensive irregular intramural annular mass. Additionally, there was a transmural esophageal fistula. At histology, the walls of the esophagus and stomach were extensively expanded by multifocal extensive areas of necrosis, associated with a pyogranulomatous infiltrate and abundant granulation tissue containing multiple negative images of hyphae that were highlighted by silver impregnation (Grocott). Furthermore, immunohistochemistry and PCR for P. insidiosum were both positive in samples of paraffin-embedded esophageal tissue.

RESUMO: A Pitiose é uma doença causada por oomicetos aquáticos do gênero Pythium. Em cães o curso típico da doença envolve o trato gastrointestinal, caracterizado por espessamento transmural do estômago ou intestinos. No entanto, a infecção por Pythium spp. raramente foi reconhecida como causa de esofagite em caninos. Assim, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo relatar um caso de pitiose esofágica e gástrica em um canino Pit Bull fêmea de oito meses de idade. O cão foi recebido no hospital com histórico de regurgitação e dispneia durante dois meses. Foi relatado que o animal era de um domicílio de área urbana e não possuía histórico pregresso de enfermidades. No exame clínico contatou-se ainda crepitações à ausculta pulmonar. Foi instituído tratamento de suporte e antibioticoterapia, porém após 22 dias de internação, o cão evoluiu para o óbito. Na necropsia, as paredes do segmento distal do esôfago e o cárdia e parte do fundo do estômago estavam expandidos por uma massa anular intramural focalmente extensiva e irregular. Além disso, havia uma fístula esofágica transmural. À histologia, as paredes do esôfago e do estômago apresentavam-se difusamente expandidas por áreas multifocais extensas de necrose, associadas a infiltrado piogranulomatoso, abundante proliferação de fibroblastos imaturos, neovascularização e contendo múltiplas imagens negativas de hifas realçadas pela impregnação por prata (Grocott). Além disso, tanto a imuno-histoquímica como PCR para P. insidiosum foram positivas em amostras de esôfago embebidas em parafina.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20230272

Quantitative GC-MS Analysis of Sawdust Bio-Oil
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Santos, Anai L. dos

; Lucas, Ana Nadja L.

; Mota, Iuri D. P. da

; Schneider, Jaderson K.

; Polidoro, Allan S.

; Pinho, Andrea R.

; Mendes, Fábio L.

; Caramão, Elina B.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Nov 2023, Volume 34 Nº 11 Páginas 1581 - 1591

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Bio-oils from biomass pyrolysis have a highly promising potential as biofuels or sources of chemicals. The quantitative analysis of bio-oils is quite difficult and requires many standards. In this study, we developed a methodology using only 16 standards for determining the concentration of 49 compounds, representatives of the main chemical classes commons in bio-oils, using relative response factors (RRF) and analytical curves. Five Pinus sawdust bio-oils were analyzed using a GC-MS-DB-5 capillary column (60 m). SCAN mode (from 45 to 450 Daltons) and retention indices (LPTRI) were used for qualitative analysis. For quantitative analysis, SIM mode was preferred, and analytical curves were constructed from an initial solution at 400 mg g 1 of each of the 16 standards, with concentrations ranging from 1 to 150 mg g 1 added to the internal standard (methyl hexanoate) at 70 mg g 1. After the positive identification and quantification of 9 compounds (among the 16 standards used), the other compounds were quantified using the RRF obtained from a standard solution at 30 mg g 1, considering the similarities with those identified standards. 196 compounds were identified, while 49 compounds were quantified, highlighting the monoaromatic hydrocarbons, naphthalenes, benzofurans, alkyl phenols, and catechols.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230060

Production of watermelon seedlings in different substrates under salt stress
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Sousa, Geocleber G. de

; Sousa, Henderson C.

; Lessa, Carla I. N.

; Goes, Geovana F.

; Freire, Márcio H. da C.

; Souza, Maria V. P. de

; Gomes, Silas P.

; Schneider, Fernanda

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mai 2023, Volume 27 Nº 5 Páginas 343 - 351

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Salt stress affects the production of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seedlings. However, substrates with alternative materials in their composition can mitigate the harmful effects on the formation of watermelon seedlings. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the emergence and production of watermelon seedlings grown in different substrates under salt stress. The research was conducted in an agricultural greenhouse belonging to the Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, Ceará, Brazil. The experimental design used was completely randomized in a split-plot scheme. The plots were five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw: 0.5, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 dS m-1) and the subplots consisted of two formulations of substrates (SB1: sandy soil + sand + bovine manure; and SB2: sandy soil + sand + biochar; both in a 1:1:1 proportion on volume basis), with five repetitions of 25 seeds. The increase in the electrical conductivity of irrigation water from 1.5 dS m-1 reduces the percentage, speed index, and mean speed of emergence and increases the mean time of emergence of the watermelon crop. Substrate formulated with biochar reduces the time and increases the emergence indexes, besides enabling higher growth and biomass accumulation of watermelon seedlings. Salt stress reduces the growth, biomass, and quality of watermelon seedlings, but with less intensity with the addition of biochar.

RESUMO O estresse salino afeta a produção de mudas de melancia (Citrullus lanatus). Porém, substratos com materiais alternativos na sua composição podem mitigar os efeitos deletérios na formação de mudas de melancia. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar no presente estudo a emergência e a produção de mudas de melancia cultivada em diferentes substratos sob estresse salino. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em estufa agrícola pertencente à Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, Ceará, Brasil. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas corresponderam à cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (CEa: 0,5, 1,5, 2,5, 3,5 e 4,5 dS m-1) e as subparcelas à duas formulações de substratos (SB1: areia + arisco + esterco bovino; e SB2: areia + arisco + biochar; ambos com proporção 1:1:1 base de volume), com cinco repetições de 25 sementes. A elevação da condutividade elétrica da água a partir de 1,5 dS m-1 reduz os índices de emergência, e aumenta o tempo médio de emergência da cultura da melancia. Substrato formulado com biochar favorece os índices de emergência, além de possibilitar maior taxa de crescimento e desenvolvimento da biomassa de plântulas de melancia. O estresse salino reduz o desenvolvimento e a qualidade de plântulas de melancia, porém com menor intensidade com adição de biocarvão.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p343-351

Depressive symptoms as an independent risk factor for mortality
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Corrêa, Vanessa P.

; Confortin, Susana C.

; d’Orsi, Eleonora

; de Sá-Junior, Antônio R.

; de Oliveira, Cesar

; Schneider, Ione J.C.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Jun 2021, Volume 43 Nº 3 Páginas 247 - 253

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between presence of depressive symptoms and risk of death in older adults residing in a municipality in Southern Brazil. Methods: Between 2009 and 2014, 1,391 people participated in the EpiFloripa Aging Cohort Study, a population-based longitudinal study. Depressive symptoms were assessed through the Geriatric Depression Scale. The initial time was considered the age at the first interview, and the end time, the age at the last contact or death. Cox regression models were used to estimate the mortality risk associated with depressive symptoms, adjusted by sex, education, income, paid work, smoking status, alcohol consumption, morbidities, medication use, physical activity, disability, cognitive impairment, and body mass index. Results: The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 23.5% (95%CI 20.4-26.9). On crude analysis, the risk of mortality was 1.86 (95%CI 1.35-2.55) for individuals with depressive symptoms; in adjusted models, the risk of mortality was 1.67 (95%CI 1.15-2.40). Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are an independent risk factor for mortality in older Brazilian adults. Our findings highlight the importance of screening this population for depression and the practice of preventive actions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0749 184 downloads

Transcriptomic analysis reveals that mTOR pathway can be modulated in macrophage cells by the presence of cryptococcal cells
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Piffer, Alícia C.

; Santos, Francine M. dos

; Thomé, Marcos P.

; Diehl, Camila

; Garcia, Ane Wichine Acosta

; Kinskovski, Uriel Perin

; Schneider, Rafael de Oliveira

; Gerber, Alexandra

; Feltes, Bruno César

; Schrank, Augusto

; Vasconcelos, Ana Tereza R.

; Lenz, Guido

; Kmetzsch, Lívia

; Vainstein, Marilene H.

; Staats, Charley C.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 3 elocation e20200390

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii are the etiological agents of cryptococcosis, a high mortality disease. The development of such disease depends on the interaction of fungal cells with macrophages, in which they can reside and replicate. In order to dissect the molecular mechanisms by which cryptococcal cells modulate the activity of macrophages, a genome-scale comparative analysis of transcriptional changes in macrophages exposed to Cryptococcus spp. was conducted. Altered expression of nearly 40 genes was detected in macrophages exposed to cryptococcal cells. The major processes were associated with the mTOR pathway, whose associated genes exhibited decreased expression in macrophages incubated with cryptococcal cells. Phosphorylation of p70S6K and GSK-3β was also decreased in macrophages incubated with fungal cells. In this way, Cryptococci presence could drive the modulation of mTOR pathway in macrophages possibly to increase the survival of the pathogen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0390 4 downloads

Parent-led, stepped-care cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth with autism and co-occurring anxiety: study rationale and method
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Ramirez, Ana C.

; Grebe, Stacey C.

; McNeel, Morgan M.

; Limon, Danica L.

; Schneider, Sophie C.

; Berry, Leandra N.

; Goin-Kochel, Robin P.

; Cepeda, Sandra L.

; Voigt, Robert G.

; Salloum, Alison

; Storch, Eric A.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Dez 2020, Volume 42 Nº 6 Páginas 638 - 645

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Anxiety disorders affect up to 50% of individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and are significantly impairing to the person affected, as well as to their loved ones. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) has been established as the gold-standard treatment for anxiety disorders among typically developing youth and adults, and demonstrates similar efficacy among youth with high-functioning autism (HFA). Many CBT interventions utilize a “full-package” treatment approach to treat co-occurring anxiety in youth with ASD. However, these service delivery systems are often therapist-intensive, costly, and impractical, thereby compromising full engagement and treatment adherence. This paper describes the design, rationale, and methodology of a study examining stepped-care CBT for youth with HFA and co-occurring anxiety – a clinical trial examining the efficacy of low-intensity, parent-led CBT as the first line of treatment and utilizing a more intensive, therapist-led intervention for nonresponders. The study will evaluate the potential benefits of stepped-care and parent-led therapist-assisted interventions, predictors of treatment response, and the economic value of using a stepped-care model. Implications for practice will be discussed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0897 1021 downloads

Medication exposure and predictors of first mood episode in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder: a prospective study
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Nery, Fabiano G.

; Wilson, Anna R.

; Schneider, Marguerite R.

; Strawn, Jeffrey R.

; Patino, Luis R.

; McNamara, Robert K.

; Adler, Caleb M.

; Strakowski, Stephen M.

; DelBello, Melissa P.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Out 2020, Volume 42 Nº 5 Páginas 481 - 488

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objectives: To prospectively investigate whether baseline clinical characteristics and medication exposure predict development of major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder. Methods: Youth aged 9-20 years with at least one biological parent with bipolar disorder and no prior history of mood or psychotic episodes (n=93) were prospectively evaluated and treated naturalistically during the study. Participants were divided into two groups: converters, defined as those who met DSM-IV criteria for a mood episode during follow-up (n=19); or non-converters (n=74). Logistic regression models were used to investigate associations between baseline clinical variables and medication exposure during follow-up and risk of developing a first mood episode (conversion). Results: Multivariate regression analyses showed that baseline anxiety disorders and subsyndromal mood disorders were associated with increased risk of conversion during follow-up. Adding medication exposure to the multivariate model showed that exposure to antidepressants during follow-up was associated with increased risk of conversion. Conclusions: Caution should be used when treating bipolar offspring with anxiety and/or emerging depressive symptoms using antidepressant agents, given the increased risk of developing a major mood disorder.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0802 641 downloads

Supporting people with severe mental health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: considerations for low- and middle-income countries using telehealth case management
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Salum, Giovanni A.

; Rehmenklau, Jaqueline F.

; Csordas, Michele C.

; Pereira, Flavia P.

; Castan, Juliana U.

; Ferreira, Anderson B.

; Delgado, Vera B.

; Bolzan, Liana de M.

; de Lima, Miguel A.

; Blauth, Juarez H.

; dos Reis, José R.

; Rocha, Paula B.

; Guerra, Tadeu A.

; Saraiva, Izabela M.

; Gramz, Bruna de C.

; Ronchi, Bruna R.

; Ribeiro, Bruna L.

; Konig, Dienifer F.

; Grevet, Eugênio H.

; de Pinho, Leandro B.

; Schneider, Jacó F.

; Eustáquio, Paula R.

; Ramos, Márcia Z.

; Marques, Myriam F.

; Axelrud, Luiza K.

; Baeza, Fernanda L.

; Lacko, Sara E.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Ago 2020, Volume 42 Nº 4 Páginas 451 - 452

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1078 1141 downloads

Biological activities of marine invertebrates extracts from the northeast brazilian coast
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Lhullier, C.

; Moritz, M. I. G.

; Tabalipa, E. O.

; Sardá, F. N.

; Schneider, N. F. Z.

; Moraes, M. H.

; Constantino, L.

; Reginatto, F. H.

; Steindel, M.

; Pinheiro, U. S.

; Simões, C. M. O.

; Pérez, C. D.

; Schenkel, E. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Jun 2020, Volume 80 Nº 2 Páginas 393 - 404

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Este artigo reporta as atividades in vitro antiproliferativa, atiprotozoárica, anti-herpética e antimicrobiana de 32 extratos orgânicos provenientes de 14 esponjas marinhas e 14 corais coletados no litoral nordestino brasileiro. Os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa e Tedania ignis, e o extrato acetônico de Dysidea sp. demonstraram resultados promissores em relação aos efeitos antiproliferativos frente as linhagens celulares A549, HCT-8, PC-3 pelo método da sulforrodamina B, mas sem especificidade. Em relação à atividade antiprotozárica, os extratos etanólico de Amphimedon compressa e acetônico e etanólico de Dysidea sp. apresentaram atividade contra Leishmania amazonensis e Trypanosoma cruzi através do método de expressão de β-galactosidase em células THP-1. Na investigação preliminar de atividade antiviral frente ao vírus Herpes simplex tipo 1 (cepa KOS), os extratos etanólicos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. e Chondrosia collectrix inibiram mais de 50% da replicação viral. O extrato etanólico da esponja Haliclona sp. demonstrou resultados promissores para atividade anti-herpética com altos índices de seletividade para as cepas KOS (IS >50) e 29R (IS>79) frente ao VHS-1 e cepa 333 (IS>108) frente ao VHS-2. O extrato etanólico da esponja Amphimedon compressa exibiu uma pequena atividade contra Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli pelo método de difusão em disco. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, os extratos das esponjas Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis e Dysidea sp. serão selecionados para futuros estudos de isolamento e identificação dos compostos bioativos para as atividades antiproliferativa e antiprozoárica. O extrato etanólico de Haliclona sp. será investigado por possuir atividade relevante anti-herpética.

Abstract This paper reports the in vitro antiproliferative effects, antiprotozoal, anti-herpes and antimicrobial activities of 32 organic extracts of 14 marine sponges and 14 corals collected in northeast Brazilian coast. The ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa and Tedania ignis, and the acetone extract of Dysidea sp. showed relevant results concerning the antiproliferative effects against A549, HCT-8, and PC-3 cell lines by sulforhodamine B assay, but also low specificity. Concerning the antiprotozoal screening, the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa and the acetone and ethanolic extracts of Dysidea sp. were the most active against Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi expressing β-galactosidase in THP-1 cells. In the preliminary anti-HSV-1 (KOS strain) screening, the ethanolic extracts of the sponges Amphimedon compressa, Haliclona sp. and Chondrosia collectrix inhibited viral replication by more than 50%. The most promising anti-herpes results were observed for the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. showing high selective indices against HSV-1, KOS and 29R strains (SI> 50 and >79, respectively), and HSV-2, 333 strain (IS>108). The results of the antibacterial screening indicated that only the ethanolic extract of Amphimedon compressa exhibited a weak activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli by the disk diffusion method. In view of these results, the extracts of Amphimedon compressa, Tedania ignis and Dysidea sp. were selected for further studies aiming the isolation and identification of the bioactive compounds with antiproliferative and/or antiprotozoal activities. The relevant anti-herpes activity of the ethanolic extract of Haliclona sp. also deserves special attention, and will be further investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.213678 668 downloads

10.

Residual herbicides increase the period prior to interference in soybean cultivars
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Rizzardi, Mauro A.

; Rockenbach, Ana P.

; Schneider, Theodoro

Planta Daninha

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2020, Volume 38 elocation e020222194

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: The pre-emergence herbicides diclosulam and flumioxazin are used to weed control in soybean. We hypothesized management of the new emergence of weeds in the early development stages of the soybean could alter the periods of interference. Thus, the period prior to interference allows and increases the canopy closure spaces before the critical period and disfavors the development of weeds inside the vegetative canopy. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether the period prior to interference of soybean cultivars was altered due to the application of residual pre-emergence herbicides. Methods: Two experiments were conducted with the soybean cultivars ‘NA 5909 RG’ and ‘P95R51’. One day before sowing in the main plots, the herbicide treatments paraquat (control without residual herbicide), paraquat+diclosulam, and paraquat+flumioxazin were applied. In the sub-plots, the increasing periods of coexistence of soybean with weeds of 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, and 49 days after the emergence of soybean were allocated. Results: The control without residual herbicide had the lowest period prior to interference and the most considerable reductions in grain yield when compared with residual herbicides in both experiments. The presence of residual herbicide increased the period prior to interference because they controlled the initial emergence of the major weeds in the experimental area. Conclusions: The use of the herbicides with residual activity diclosulam and flumioxazin increased the period prior to interference of ‘NA 5909 RG’ and ‘P95R51’ in areas infested mainly with horseweed and radish.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582020380100091 562 downloads

11.

Anti-hyperalgesic properties of ethanolic crude extract from the peels of Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae)
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SCHNEIDER, ADRIELE C.A.

; BATISTI, ANA P.

; TURNES, BRUNA L.

; MARTINS, THIAGO C.

; LISBOA, MARIA E.M.

; CUSTÓDIO, KAUÊ M.

; ZANCO, JASPER

; WILSON, KAREN S.C.

; HEYMANNS, ANA CAROLINE

; KANIS, LUIZ A.

; MAGNAGO, RACHEL F.

; MARTINS, DANIEL F.

; PIOVEZAN, ANNA P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 Nº 1 elocation e20180793

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The therapeutic effects from Citrus reticulata on painful inflammatory ailments are associated to its flavonoids constituent and phytochemical studies with Citrus genus affirm that the peels have important amounts of it. These bioactive compounds have been a considerable therapeutic source and evaluate potential application of the peel extract is significant. This research aims to investigate the influence of ethanolic crude extract from the peels of Citrus reticulata and its possible mechanism of action in different animal models of pain. The extract reduced hyperalgesia in the second phase of formalin test (vehicle: 501.5 ± 40.0 s; C. reticulata extract 300 mg/kg: 161.8 ± 41.1 s), in the carrageenan model (vehicle at 4th h: 82.5 ± 9.6 %; C. reticulata extract 300 mg/kg at 4th h: 47.5 ± 6.5 %) and in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant model (vehicle: 501.5 ± 40.0 s; C. reticulata extract 300 mg/kg: 161.8 ± 41.1 s). The possible contribution of opioidergic and adenosinergic systems in the anti-hyperalgesic effect of C. reticulata extract was observed after treatment, with non-selective antagonists for both systems, which produced reversal effects. In conclusion, these properties of C. reticulata extract suggest a potential therapeutic benefit in treating painful conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020180793 440 downloads

12.

Crude protein content in hybrids of Paspalum evaluated in the Pampa Biome of Southern Brazil
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Saraiva de Ávila, Karla

; Schneider-Canny, Raquel

; Rockenbach de Ávila, Mariana

; Dall'Agnol, Miguel

; Motta, Eder Alexandre da

Agronomía Colombiana

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Ago 2019, Volume 37 Nº 2 Páginas 189 - 192

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El uso de especies forrajeras adaptadas al entorno local permite un manejo más sencillo y una mayor producción y estabilidad. También permite la conservación de los recursos genéticos naturales, la reducción de los costos y riesgos de producción, lo que resulta en una mayor sostenibilidad del sistema. La calidad del forraje no puede considerarse tan importante como la producción de biomasa en muchos sistemas forrajeros. Sin embargo, cuando las plantas forrajeras constituyen la mayor parte o la totalidad de la dieta para rumiantes, asume una importancia sustancialmente mayor. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el contenido de proteína cruda (PC) de los híbridos de P. plicatulum x P. guenoarum, en una región del sur de Brasil en el bioma de Pampa. Los híbridos evaluados fueron: 10202, 1020104, 102084, 102080, 1020133, 102058, 102069 (P. plicatulum "4PT" x P. guenoarum "Azulão"), 103063, 10308, 103042, 103040, 103061, 103087, 103093, 103031, 103020, 103084 y 103037 (P. plicatulum "4PT" x P. guenoarum "Baio"). Los análisis de PC se realizaron en las hojas de los genotipos en cada cosecha. El híbrido 102069 presentó el mejor contenido de PC en comparación con los otros genotipos en ambos años. Estos resultados son alentadores para los estudios de cría de forrajes con especies del género Paspalum.

ABSTRACT The use of forage species adapted to the local environment allows an easier management, and greater production and stability. It also allows the conservation of the natural genetic resources, and the reduction of the costs and risks of production that further result in higher sustainability of the system. Forage quality may not be considered as important as biomass production in many forage systems. However, when forage plants constitute most or all of the ruminant diet it assumes substantially greater importance. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the crude protein (CP) content of hybrids of P. plicatulum x P. guenoarum, in a region of Southern Brazil in the Pampa biome. The hybrids evaluated were: 10202, 1020104, 102084, 102080, 1020133, 102058, 102069 (P. plicatulum "4PT" x P. guenoarum "Azulão"), 103063, 10308, 103042, 103040, 103061, 103077, 103087, 103093, 103031, 103020, 103084, and 103037 (P. plicatulum "4PT" x P. guenoarum "Baio"). The CP analyzes were performed on the leaves of the genotypes in each harvest. The hybrid 102069 "Azulão" presented the best CP content (16.4%) compared to the other genotypes in both years. These results are encouraging for forage breeding studies with species of the genus Paspalum.

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v37n2.77535 206 downloads

13.

Overview of artemisinin effectiveness during outset years of its implementation in the western Brazilian Amazon
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Pinto, Raquel de Medeiros

; Sampaio, Vanderson de Souza

; de Melo, Gisely Cardoso

; Alecrim, Maria das Graças Costa

; Mattos, Karine

; Perdomo, Renata Trentin

; Cordeiro, Sabrine da Costa

; Parente, Ana Flávia Alves

; de Carvalho, Lídia Raquel

; Mendes, Rinaldo Pôncio

; Lacerda, Marcus Vinícius Guimarães

; Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo

; Weber, Simone Schneider

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2019, Volume 114 elocation e190075

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND The elimination of malaria depends on the blocking of transmission and of an effective treatment. In Brazil, artemisinin therapy was introduced in 1991, and here we present a performance overview during implementation outset years. METHODS It is a retrospective cohort (1991 to 2002) of patients treated in a tertiary centre of Manaus, with positive microscopic diagnosis of Plasmodium falciparum malaria, under treatment with using injectable or rectal artemisinin derivatives, and followed over 35-days to evaluate parasite clearance, death and recurrence. FINDINGS This cohort outcome resulted 97.6% (1554/1593) of patients who completed the 35-day follow-up, 0.6% (10/1593) of death and 1.8% (29/1593) of follow-up loss. All patients that died and those that presented parasitaemia recurrence had pure P. falciparum infections and received monotherapy. Considering patients who completed 35-day treatment, 98.2% (1527/1554) presented asexual parasitaemia clearance until D4 and 1.8% (27/1554) between D5-D10. It is important to highlight that had no correlation between the five treatment schemes and the sexual parasite clearance. Finally, it is noteworthy that we were able to observe also gametocytes carriage during all follow-up (D0-D35). MAIN CONCLUSIONS Artemisinin derivatives remained effective in the treatment of falciparum malaria during first 12-years of use in north area of Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760190075 1863 downloads

14.

Caso de desafío diagnóstico: Fístula dural
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Schneider M, D.

; Hirsch S, M.

; Paredes M, P.

Revista chilena de radiología

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Jul 2018, Volume 24 Nº 3 Páginas 112 - 116

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: We present the case of a female patient, 69 years old, who reported pulsatile tinnitus since two months ago perceived in the right retroauricular region. We present the findings in image studies, diagnosis and a short review about the topic.

Resumen: Se presenta el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino, de 69 años, que refiere tinnitus pulsátil de dos meses de evolución percibido en la región retroauricular derecha. Se presentan los hallazgos en estudios de imágenes, diagnóstico y se presenta una corta revisión del tema.

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15.

The roles, training and knowledge of community health workers about diabetes and hypertension in Khayelitsha, Cape Town
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Tsolekile, Lungiswa P.

; Schneider, Helen

; Puoane, Thandi

Curationis

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2018, Volume 41 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 8

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND: The current roles and capacity of community health workers (CHWs) in the management and control of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: To assess CHWs' current roles, training and knowledge about diabetes and hypertension in Khayelitsha, Cape Town. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 150 CHWs from two non-governmental organisations contracted to provide NCD care as part of a comprehensive package of services was conducted. An interviewer-administered closed-ended questionnaire was used to determine the roles, training, in-service support, knowledge and presence of NCDs. Descriptive analyses of these domains and multivariate analyses of the factors associated with CHWs' knowledge of hypertension and diabetes were conducted. RESULTS: The vast majority (96%) of CHWs were female, with a mean age of 35 years; 88% had some secondary schooling and 53% had been employed as CHWs for 4 years or more. Nearly half (47%) reported having an NCD. CHWs' roles in NCDs included the delivery of medication, providing advice and physical assessment. Only 52% of CHWs reported some formal NCD-related training, while less than half of the trained CHWs (n = 35; 44%) had received follow-up refresher training. CHWs' knowledge of diabetes and hypertension was poor. In the multivariate analyses, higher knowledge scores were associated with having an NCD and frequency of supervisory contact (≥1 per month). CONCLUSIONS: The roles performed by CHWs are broad, varied and essential for diabetes and hypertension management. However, basic knowledge about diabetes and hypertension remains poor while training is unstandardised and haphazard. These need to be improved if community-based NCD management is to be successful. The potential of peer education as a complementary mechanism to formal training needs as well as support and supervision in the workplace requires further exploration.

https://doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v41i1.1815 1392 downloads

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