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[SciELO Preprints] - Passifloraceae s.s. from the São Luís Island, Maranhão State, Brazil
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Garcia, Amanda Letícia Silva, Eduardo Oliveira Ferreira, Alessandro Wagner Coelho Marinho, Lucas Cardoso

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Data de publicação: 2023-05-16

Resumo: En Pt

The São Luís Island, Maranhão State, is an ecotonal region, a mix of humid forest, cocais forest, dune vegetation, restingas and mangroves. Unlike the interior of the State, their coastal areas have a gap in knowledge of the Passifloraceae. Here, through field expeditions and herbaria visit, we provide taxonomic treatment, identification key and comments on the Passifloraceae of the São Luís Island. Ten species were recorded: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast., and P. vespertilio L. Passiflora picturata and P. misera were recorded for the first time on São Luís Island.

A Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, configura-se como uma região ecotonal, um misto de floresta úmida, mata-de-cocais, vegetação de dunas, restingas e manguezais. Diferentemente do interior do Estado do Maranhão, suas zonas costeiras possuem uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento da família Passifloraceae. Aqui, por meio de expedições de campo e consulta a herbários, nós fornecemos o tratamento taxonômico, chave de identificação e comentários sobre as Passifloraceae da Ilha de São Luís. Foram registradas dez espécies: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast. e P. vespertilio L. As espécies P. picturata e P. misera foram registradas pela primeira vez na Ilha de São Luís.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-56/2022

A Multi-Plasmonic Approach for Simultaneous Measurements based on a D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensor: from Temperature to Optical Dispersion MultiPlasmonic Multi Plasmonic DShaped D Shaped Sensor
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Romeiro, Amanda F.

; Cardoso, Markos P.

; Silva, Anderson O.

; Costa, João C. W. A.

; Giraldi, M. Thereza R.

; Santos, José L.

; Baptista, José M.

; Guerreiro, Ariel

Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetic Applications

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Mar 2023, Volume 22 Nº 1 Páginas 219 - 229

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The growing demand for multiparameter sensors includes compact devices accompanied by simple calibration processes to distinguish the outputs from each other. This paper evaluates a scheme to determine multiple parameters of a medium using localized surface plasmon resonances (SPR) excited on a Dshaped photonic crystal fiber (PCF) partially covered by two gold layers of different thicknesses. We demonstrate that the proposed sensing platform, once customized to characterize the possible dispersive profiles of the refractive index of the analyte, also allows interrogating the temperature of a sample from a linear relationship. Since the plasmonic resonances are excited at separated and low crosstalk spectral channels, different sensing responses can be obtained simultaneously in the same location of the D-shaped PCF. These features turn out the SPR sensor a suitable tool for simultaneous monitoring of optical dispersion and temperature. other (SPR PCF (PCF thicknesses platform analyte relationship channels D shaped

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-10742023v22i1270778

Hepatozoon Miller, 1908 parasites in the Colubridae snakes Clelia clelia (Daudin, 1803) and Drymarchon corais (Boie, 1827) from the Eastern Amazonia
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PICELLI, AMANDA MARIA

; SILVA, MARIA REGINA L.

; CORREA, JAMILLE KARINA C.

; PAIVA, GLEICIERLE R.

; PAULA, FABIANE R.

; HERNÁNDEZ-RUZ, EMIL JOSÉ

; OLIVEIRA, ELCIOMAR A.

; VIANA, LÚCIO ANDRÉ

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20220115

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Based on the genetic, morphological, and morphometric data of blood gamonts, we identified Hepatozoon parasites in colubrid snakes sampled in the Eastern Amazon region. Hepatozoon trigeminum was detected in the mussurana snake Clelia clelia and exhibited wide and elongated gamonts (mean dimensions: 14.25±0.65 × 4.31±0.43 μm) with an evident parasitophorous vacuole. Hepatozoon odwyerae sp. nov. was described in the indigo snake Drymarchon corais, whose gamonts have elongated and thin bodies (mean dimensions: 13.41±0.79 × 3.72±0.35 μm) with one end more tapered than the other. Phylogenetic analyses, based on the amplification of a 441 bp fragment of the 18S rRNA gene, revealed that the novel sequences of Hepatozoon spp. from our study were closely related to hemogregarine lineages found in lizards and snakes from Brazil, forming a well-supported monophyletic clade with them. The present study provides the first species description of Hepatoozon in D. corais and a new record of a host species for C. clelia using the integrated taxonomic data. We also highlight the importance of further investigations into the diversity of Hepatozoon in snakes, a rich but underestimated group of parasites, especially in the Amazonian biome.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220115

Lacticaseibacillus casei decrease long-chain fatty acids and most substances in an experimental model of intestinal mucositis
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Barbosa, Stphannie Jamyla de Araújo

; Silva, Amanda Silveira da

; Oliveira, Maisie Mitchele Barbosa

; Ribeiro, Susana Barbosa

; Medeiros, Caroline Addison Carvalho Xavier de

; Ferreira, Leandro de Santis

; Pinheiro, Francisco Ayrton Senna Domingos

; Sousa Junior, Francisco Canindé de

; Martins, Agnes Andrade

; Araújo Júnior, Raimundo Fernandes de

; Garcia, Vinícius Barreto

; Araújo, Aurigena Antunes de

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 38 elocation e386723

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the long-chain fatty acid and major compounds levels in the feces after prophylactic oral use of Lacticaseibacillus casei in an experimental model of intestinal mucositis. Methods: Fifteen Swiss mice were randomly divided into three groups (n=5/group): The negative or positive control groups (n = 5) received saline orally for 18 days and an the intraperitoneal (i.p.) of saline or 5 Fluorouracil (450 mg/kg) in 15th day, respectability. L. casei group received oral concentration of L. casei (1x109 CFU/mL) for 18 days, the i.p. injection of 5-fluorouracil (450 mg/kg) in 15th days. Tissue samples from colon and each small intestine segment were collected for histopathological analysis. Stool samples were collected. Fecal composition of long-chain fatty acids and sterols were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry on the 15th and the 18th day. Results: The mucosa layer of all small intestine segments of animals from L. casei showed well preserved epithelium and glands, without necrosis signs, but Goblet cells number decreased. Several long-chain fatty acids and sterols have been identified before and after in the groups. L. casei administration after 5-FU treatment reduced concentrations of linoleic acid (18:2) (p < 0.001) and oleic acid (18:1) (p < 0.001) in feces. Conclusions: L. casei prevented the mucosal damage associated with 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis reduced long-chain fatty acid levels in the feces.

https://doi.org/10.1590/acb386723

β-Cyclodextrins alter the energy metabolism-related enzyme activities in rats
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IANISKI, FRANCINE R.

; OLIVEIRA, AMANDA L. DE

; MEZZOMO, NATHANA JAMILLE

; FRANCESCHI, ITIANE D. DE

; CARMO, GUILHERME M. DO

; CREMONESE, CAMILA R.

; BALDISSERA, MATHEUS D.

; ZANON, JENIFER P.

; KOLLING, JENIFER

; FRIEDERICH, JORDANA DANIELA

; SILVA, IVANA Z.

; GIONGO, JANICE L.

; FEKSA, LUCIANE R.

; VAUCHER, RODRIGO A.

; WANNMACHER, CLOVIS MILTON D.

; RECH, VIRGINIA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 2 elocation e20201783

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Although widely used in medicine, separation technology, and other fields, the effects of cyclodextrins on the activities of phosphoryl transfer enzymes have not been previously evaluated. In vivo studies evaluated the function of cyclodextrins as active compounds. Despite the use of cyclodextrins as active compounds, the effects of cyclodextrins on hepatic and renal tissues remain to be fully elucidated. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of β- cyclodextrins, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β- cyclodextrins), and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-cyclodextrins) on enzyme activities regulating the maintenance of energy homeostasis in the kidney and liver tissues in relation to toxicity. Serum levels of liver and kidney markers were measured, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed. After 60-day treatments, we observed that the administration of β-cyclodextrins and M-β-cyclodextrins inhibited the hepatic activity of pyruvate kinase, an irreversible enzyme within the glycolytic pathway. Additionally, administration of HP-β-cyclodextrins inhibited creatine kinase activity and increased the total sulfhydryl content in kidneys. Here, we demonstrated for the first time that β-cyclodextrins, M-β-cyclodextrins, and HP-β-cyclodextrins cause bioenergetic dysfunction in renal and hepatic tissues. These findings suggest that understanding the balance between cyclodextrins’ efficacy and adverse effects is essential for better accepting their use in medicine.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201783

Passifloraceae s.s. da Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, Brasil ss s s.s Luís Maranhão
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Garcia, Amanda Letícia

; Silva, Eduardo Oliveira

; Ferreira, Alessandro Wagner Coelho

; Marinho, Lucas Cardoso

Hoehnea

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2023, Volume 50 elocation e562022

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, configura-se como uma região ecotonal, um misto de floresta úmida, mata-de-cocais, vegetação de dunas, restingas e manguezais. Diferentemente do interior do Estado do Maranhão, suas zonas costeiras possuem uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento da família Passifloraceae. Aqui, por meio de expedições de campo e consulta a herbários, nós fornecemos o tratamento taxonômico, chave de identificação e comentários sobre as Passifloraceae da Ilha de São Luís. Foram registradas dez espécies: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast. e P. vespertilio L. As espécies P. picturata e P. misera foram registradas pela primeira vez na Ilha de São Luís. Luís Maranhão configurase configura se ecotonal úmida matadecocais, matadecocais mata cocais, cocais mata-de-cocais dunas manguezais Aqui herbários taxonômico Kunth P Sims L Cav Cav. Gawl Gawl. Mast

ABSTRACT The São Luís Island, Maranhão State, is an ecotonal region, a mix of humid forest, cocais forest, dune vegetation, restingas and mangroves. Unlike the interior of the State, their coastal areas have a gap in knowledge of the Passifloraceae. Here, through field expeditions and herbaria visit, we provide a taxonomic treatment, identification key and comments on the Passifloraceae of the São Luís Island. Ten species were recorded: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast., and P. vespertilio L. Passiflora picturata and P. misera were recorded for the first time on São Luís Island. Island State region forest vegetation mangroves Here visit treatment Kunth P Sims L Cav Cav. Gawl Gawl. Mast Mast.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906e562022

Chickpea seed storage in different packagings, environments and periods
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Silva, Amanda M.

; Figueiredo, Josiane C.

; Tunes, Lilian V. M. de

; Gadotti, Gizele I.

; Rodrigues, Daniele B.

; Capilheira, André F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Set 2022, Volume 26 Nº 9 Páginas 649 - 654

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O armazenamento é uma prática fundamental no controle da qualidade fisiológica das sementes, pois é um método que pode preservar sua viabilidade e vigor por mais tempo. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o armazenamento de sementes de grão-de-bico em diferentes embalagens, ambientes e períodos. O delineamento inteiramente casualizado foi utilizado em esquema fatorial 2 × 2 × 4, sendo dois tipos de embalagens (hermética e papel Kraft®), dois ambientes de armazenamento (ambiente de câmara fria e ambiente convencional) e quatro períodos de armazenamento (0, 45, 90 e 135 dias), com quatro repetições. As sementes foram acondicionadas em sacos de papel Kraft® e embalagens herméticas, e armazenadas por 135 dias nos ambientes: câmara fria (14,5 °C e umidade relativa do ar de 65%) e ambiente convencional (sem controle de temperatura e umidade relativa do ar). A cada 45 dias, as sementes foram submetidas às seguintes avaliações: determinação do teor de água, germinação, primeira contagem de germinação e envelhecimento acelerado. Em geral, a manutenção da qualidade fisiológica das sementes de grão de bico foi verificada em embalagens de papel Kraft® e em ambiente de câmara fria. O armazenamento de sementes de grão de bico em embalagens herméticas deve ser realizado com sementes com 7% de umidade, independente do ambiente de armazenamento. As embalagens mantiveram a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de grão de bico por até 45 dias, independente do ambiente de armazenamento.

ABSTRACT Storage is a fundamental practice in the control of the physiological quality of seeds, as it is a method that can preserve their viability and vigor for a longer period. Thus, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the storage of chickpea seeds in different packagings, environments, and periods. The completely randomized design was used in a 2 × 2 × 4 factorial scheme, corresponding to two types of packaging (hermetic and Kraft® paper), two storage environments (cold chamber environment and conventional environment), and four storage periods (0, 45, 90, and 135 days), with four replicates. The seeds were placed in Kraft® paper bags and hermetic packagings and stored for 135 days in the environments: cold chamber (14.5 °C and relative air humidity of 65%) and conventional environment (no temperature and relative air humidity control). Every 45 days, seeds were subjected to the following evaluations: determination of water content, germination, first germination count and accelerated aging. In general, the maintenance of the physiological quality of chickpea seeds was verified in Kraft® paper packagings and the cold chamber environment. Storage of chickpea seeds in hermetic packaging must be carried out with seeds with 7% moisture, regardless of the storage environment. The packagings maintained the physiological quality of chickpea seeds for up to 45 days, regardless of the storage environment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n9p649-654

Banco de sementes de áreas alto-montanas em regeneração natural pós-distúrbio no Planalto Sul-Catarinense
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Duarte, Edilaine

; Silva, Ana Carolina da

; Higuchi, Pedro

; Bortoluzzi, Roseli Lopes da Costa

; Larsen, Janaina Gabriela

; Nunes, Amanda da Silva

; Silva, Mariele Alves Ferrer

; Dallabrida, Juliana Pizutti

Ciência Florestal

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Set 2022, Volume 32 Nº 3 Páginas 1617 - 1639

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivou-se verificar a composição florístico-estrutural das plântulas regenerantes a partir do banco de sementes de três áreas em recuperação pós-distúrbios antrópicos, em ambientes alto-montanos do Parque Nacional de São Joaquim. As áreas 1 (A1) e 2 (A2) foram originadas da regeneração após o corte de remanescentes florestais e a área 3 (A3) foi originada da regeneração de campo nativo após práticas de pastoreio. As três áreas encontram-se protegidas há quase dez anos após a finalização dos distúrbios. Foram instaladas transecções de 20 × 100 m em cada área, subdivididas em 20 parcelas de 10 × 10 m, nas quais foram coletadas amostras de solos e serapilheira, totalizando 60 amostras. Os materiais coletados foram conduzidos à casa de vegetação, onde foram submetidos ao mesmo tratamento, com irrigação diária por aspersão. Foi realizada a avaliação quali-quantitativa mensal das plântulas emergentes, identificando-as e classificando-as quanto à origem (nativa ou exótica) e às formas de vida. Foram amostradas 5.604 plântulas, distribuídas em 62 táxons. Houve predominância de espécies herbáceas (74,2%) e nativas (67,7%), sendo Cyperus odoratus L. e Juncus capillaceus Lam. as mais abundantes. As áreas originadas a partir de desmatamentos apresentaram maior heterogeneidade de espécies e hábitos e maior densidade de plântulas regenerantes do banco de sementes, quando comparado com a área de Campo de Altitude. Conclui-se que o banco de sementes das áreas alto-montanas estudadas apresenta potencial de colonização imediata após distúrbios, com elevada riqueza e densidade de espécies herbáceas, que garantem o recobrimento do solo e, assim, o início e o suporte necessário para o avanço da dinâmica sucessional.

Abstract We aimed to verify the floristic-structural composition of regenerative seedlings of seed banks from areas under anthropic post-disturbance restoration process, in “Planalto Sul Catarinense” region, upper-montane environments. In each of three sites (Area 1, 2 and 3) at São Joaquim National Park, protected for almost ten years, but with different land-use history, we allocated one 20 x 100 m transect, sub-divided in 20 plots, where a total of 60 samples of soil and litter were collected. While the Areas 1 (A1) and 2 (A2) were originally covered by natural forest, the Area 3 (A3) can be considered as cattle raising grassland. In a greenhouse, all the collected material was submitted to the same procedure, with daily sprinkler irrigation. After the seed germination in trays, we performed a monthly qualitative and quantitative evaluation of emergent seedlings that were identified and classified according to origin (native and exotic) and life form. In one year, 5,604 seedlings were counted, belonging to 62 taxa. There was predominance of herbs (74.2%) and native species (67.7%), being Cyperus odoratus L. and Juncus capillaceus Lam. the most abundant. When compared to the original grassland area, those originated from past deforestation showed a greater species and life form heterogeneity as well as greater seedling density emergence from the collected seed bank. We concluded that the studied seed banks have the potential to support a prompt seedling colonization after disturbances, ensuring the soil cover, and thus, the necessary initial support for the advance of successional dynamics.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509830226

Correlations between Web Searches and COVID-19 Epidemiological Indicators in Brazil
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Locatelli, Marcelo Sartori

; Cunha, Evandro L. T. P

; Guiginski, Janaína

; Franco, Ramon A. S

; Bernardes, Tereza

; Alzamora, Pedro Loures

; Silva, Daniel Victor F. da

; Ganem, Marcelo Augusto S

; Santos, Thiago H. M

; Carvalho, Anne I. R

; Souza, Leandro M. V

; Paixão, Gabriela P. F

; Chaves, Elisa França

; Santos, Guilherme Bezerra dos

; Santos, Rafael Vinícius dos

; Freitas, Amanda Cupertino de

; Flores, Matheus G

; Biezuner, Rachel F

; Cardoso, Rodolfo Lins

; Fonseca, Rodrigo Machado

; Silva, Ana Paula Couto da

; Meira Jr, Wagner

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2022, Volume 65 elocation e22210648

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: COVID-19 rapidly spread across the world in an unprecedented outbreak with a massive number of infected and fatalities. The pandemic was heavily discussed and searched on the internet, which generated big amounts of data related to it. This led to the possibility of attempting to forecast coronavirus indicators using the internet data. For this study, Google Trends statistics for 124 selected search terms related to pandemic were used in an attempt to find which keywords had the best Spearman correlations with a lag, as well as a forecasting model. It was found that keywords related to coronavirus testing among some others, such as “I have contracted covid”, had high correlations (≥0.7) with few weeks of lag (≤4 weeks). Besides that, the ARIMAX model using those keywords had promising results in predicting the increase or decrease of epidemiological indicators, although it was not able to predict their exact values. Thus, we found that Google Trends data may be useful for predicting outbreaks of coronavirus a few weeks before they happen, and may be used as an auxiliary tool in monitoring and forecasting the disease in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022210648

10.

Influence of Homogenization and Annealing Temperatures on the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Passive Properties of Cold Rolled 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel
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Assumpção, Raphael F.

; A. Júnior, Ricardo

; Silva, Amanda P.

; Dias, Francislaynne L.

; Santos, Dagoberto B.

; Sicupira, Dalila C.

Materials Research

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2022, Volume 25 elocation e20220066

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The effects of homogenization, cold working, and subsequent annealing treatment were studied on the microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, and passive properties of duplex stainless steel (DSS). A hot-rolled 2205 DSS was subjected to two processing routes. In one, the DSS goes through an extra homogenization step at 1100 °C for 1800 s before cold rolling. After cold deformation (~75%) the specimens were isothermally annealed at 900, 1000, and 1100 °C for 180 s. The microstructure evolution was studied by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XDR). Mechanical properties were evaluated by microhardness and tensile tests. The electrochemical behaviors were investigated by potentiodynamic measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky analysis (MS). Chemical composition of the lowest corrosion resistant passive film was assessed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Homogenization before cold rolling lowered strain hardening, slowing the microstructural transformation process. The thermomechanical process did not change the semiconductor type of the passive films. However, grain refinement after annealing improved the corrosion resistance in borate buffer solution. Cold rolling significantly decreased the corrosion resistance. The passive film of the specimen homogenized before cold rolling had the lowest corrosion resistance and high amounts of Cr(OH)3 and FeO.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0066

11.

Does the presence of exotic species decrease the initial development of native species in Brazilian seasonally dry tropical forests?
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Silva, Carlos Leandro Costa

; Almeida, Gabriela de Oliveira

; Pinto, Andréa de Vasconcelos Freitas

; Rodal, Maria Jesus Nogueira

; Ferreira, Wanessa Nepomuceno

; Silva, Maria Amanda Menezes

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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2022, Volume 36 elocation e2021abb0029

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT We assessed the impacts of the biological invasion of Azadirachta indica on the quality of plant species native to a Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest. We planted Amburana cearensis, Libidibia ferrea, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, and Cenostigma pyramidale individuals alone and interacting with the exotic species. We measured their diameters at ground level and heights for four months, calculating their monthly and general average. After this period, seedlings were destroyed to obtain their number of leaves, leaf area, specific leaf area, length and primary root area, wood density, wood dry matter, leaf dry matter, shoot dry matter, primary root dry matter, secondary root dry matter, root system dry matter, and total dry matter. The presence of the exotic species affected the functional characteristics of native species in different ways. We observed negative effects in M. caesalpiniifolia and A. cearensis, positive effects in C. pyramidale, and mixed effects in L. ferrea. In addition, we identified conflicting demands between pairs of characteristics of the interacting species A. cearensis and M. caesalpiniifolia. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that A. indica decreases the quality of individuals of most native species studied, which may have consequences for their establishment and the local biodiversity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062021abb0029

12.

Do native plant species functionally similar to invasive species suffer more impacts from the invasion in seasonally dry tropical forests?
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Almeida, Gabriela de Oliveira

; Silva, Carlos Leandro Costa

; Mota, João André Ximenes

; Rodal, Maria Jesus Nogueira

; Ferreira, Wanessa Nepomuceno

; Silva, Maria Amanda Menezes

Rodriguésia

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2022, Volume 73 elocation e01172021

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Testamos a hipótese que das espécies estudadas do Semiárido brasileiro, as funcionalmente mais semelhantes com a arbórea exótica Azadirachta indicaseriam mais afetadas na germinação e no desenvolvimento inicial. Inicialmente foi produzido extrato bruto das folhas frescas da exótica em seis diluições. Para cada diluição foram colocadas para germinar 25 sementes, de quatro espécies nativas ( Cenostigma pyramidale, Libidibia ferrea, Mimosa caesalpiniifoliae Amburana cearensis), em placas de Petri com quatro repetições para cada espécie, onde foram avaliados: comprimento da radícula, porcentagem de emergência, índice de velocidade de emergência e tempo médio de emergência. Para avaliar a influência da exótica sobre o desenvolvimento dos indivíduos das espécies estudadas foi realizado um experimento em casa de vegetação. As sementes foram plantadas em 10 baldes de 20 l., sendo cinco baldes para cada espécie nativa isolada e cinco para ela em interação com a espécie exótica. O experimento durou quatro meses, e os atributos funcionais dos indivíduos foram coletados. Das nativas analisadas, de acordo com a análise de agrupamento usando os atributos funcionais das espécies plantadas isoladamente, M. caesalpiniifolia, C. pyramidalee L. ferreaforam funcionalmente mais próximas da exótica. No experimento de germinação notou-se que o extrato afetou apenas o comprimento da raiz, independente da proximidade funcional. Notamos que apenas M. caesalpiniifolia, plantada em interação, teve seu desenvolvimento inicial fortemente inibido. A semelhança funcional entre a exótica e as nativas não influenciou na germinação, mas afetou negativamente o desenvolvimento.

Abstract We tested the hypothesis that of the species studied in the Brazilian Semiarid, the ones most functionally similar to tree Azadirachta indicawould be more affected by this exotic species during germination and early development. At first, we produced a crude extract of A. indica fresh leaves in six different dilutions. We placed 25 seeds of four native species ( Cenostigma pyramidale, Libidibia ferrea, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, and Amburana cearensis) to germinate in Petri dishes for each dilution, with four replicates for each species. We assessed: radicle length, emergence percentage, emergence speed index, and mean emergence time. We conducted an experiment in a greenhouse to assess how the exotic plant affected the development of individual plants of the studied species. We planted five seeds of each native species alone and five in interaction with the exotic species using ten 20-l buckets. The experiment lasted four months, and the functional attributes of the individuals were collected. Among the native species analyzed, according to the cluster analysis using the functional attributes of the species planted alone, M. caesalpiniifolia, C. pyramidaleand L. ferreawere functionally more similar to the exotic species. In the germination experiment, the extract affected only root length, regardless of the functional similarity. We noticed that only M. caesalpiniifoliahad its early development strongly inhibited when planted in interaction with the exotic species. Although the functional similarity between the exotic and the native species did not influence germination, it negatively affected the development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202273104

13.

Population dynamics of the nematodes Heterodera glycines and Pratylenchus brachyurus in a succession crop of soybean and chickpea
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Borges Pinheiro, Jadir

; Olegario da Silva, Giovani

; Gomes Macêdo, Amanda

; Gomes de Jesus, Jhenef

; Raulino, Ludmila

; da Cruz Magalhães, Caroline

; Biscaia, Danielle

; de Castro e Melo, Raphael Augusto

; Pereira da Silva, Patrícia

; Nascimento, Warley Marcos

Agronomía Colombiana

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Dez 2021, Volume 39 Nº 3 Páginas 337 - 342

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la dinámica poblacional de los nematodos Heterodera glycines raza 5 y Pratylenchus brachyurus en cultivos sucesivos de soya y garbanzo. El experimento se llevó a cabo en Campos Novos dos Parecis, estado de MT, Brasil, de febrero a mayo de 2017. Se sembraron seis cultivares de garbanzo en febrero y se evaluaron en un área naturalmente infestada de 60 ha. Se recolectaron cinco muestras de suelo al azar en ubicaciones georreferenciadas y equidistantes, formando una muestra compuesta por replicación. Se recolectaron cinco plantas por punto georreferenciado y también nuevas muestras de suelo a intervalos regulares de aproximadamente 30 d. Los nematodos se extrajeron, identificaron y contaron. Los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza y regresión. Se observó una reducción en los niveles poblacionales de H. glycines raza 5 a lo largo del ciclo del garbanzo, lo que indica que es posible cultivar esta especie en sucesión con soya en presencia de este nematodo. Sin embargo, debido al mantenimiento en la población de P. brachyurus en las raíces, no se recomienda la rotación de soya con garbanzos en campos naturalmente infestados con este nematodo.

ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the population dynamics of the nematodes Heterodera glycines race 5 and Pratylenchus brachyurus in a succession crop of soybeans and chickpeas. The experiment was carried out in Campos Novos dos Parecis, MT State, Brazil, from February to May 2017. Six chickpea cultivars were planted in February and evaluated in a naturally infested area of 60 ha. Five soil samples were collected at random in georeferenced and equidistant locations, forming a composite sample by replication. Five plants per georeferenced point and new soil samples were collected at regular intervals of about 30 d. The nematodes were extracted, identified, and counted. Data were subjected to variance and regression analyses. A reduction in the population levels of H. glycines race 5 was observed throughout the chickpea cycle, indicating that this species can be cultivated in succession with soybeans in the presence of this nematode. However, due to the maintenance in the population of P. brachyurus in the roots, rotation of soybean with chickpeas is not recommended in fields naturally infested with this nematode.

https://doi.org/10.15446/agron.colomb.v39n3.96469 10 downloads

14.

Evaluación agronómica de líneas de arroz de sabana (Oryza sativa L.) obtenidas mediante mejoramiento poblacional por selección recurrente
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Delgado-Huertas, Hernando

; Silva-Parra, Amanda

; Guarín-Gutierrez, Luis Alfonso

Revista U.D.C.A Actualidad & Divulgación Científica

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Dez 2021, Volume 24 Nº 2 elocation e1707

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Los métodos clásicos de mejoramiento han estrechado la base genética del arroz. La selección recurrente (SR) permite el mejoramiento de una población, mediante la pirámidación de alelos favorables de diversos donantes y de origen genético diverso. Ha sido usada en Colombia por CIAT/CIRAD, para el desarrollo y el mejoramiento del acervo genético del arroz Oryza sativa L., tipo Japonica Tropical de secano en sabanas ácidas. Se evaluaron en bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones, 50 líneas avanzadas junto con el testigo comercial Corpoica Llanura 11. Se observó diferencia significativa entre líneas de arroz para las variables dependientes rendimiento de grano, días a floración, vigor e incidencia de Pyricularia en hojas y cuello, así como manchado de grano. Las líneas 39 y 37, de la población PCT-11, presentaron los mayores rendimientos, con 6,471 y 6,192kg ha-1, respectivamente, diferentes significativamente del testigo y de nueve líneas de ciclo tardío de la población PCT-4, que presentaron rendimientos muy bajos. Especialmente, la línea 39, mostró menor incidencia del hongo Pyricularia en hojas, que el testigo comercial Corpoica Llanura 11. Los presentes resultados muestran la utilidad de la SR en arroz de sabanas, para generar líneas superiores en rendimiento, en resistencia a enfermedades, en adaptación a las sabanas ácidas y el potencial para contribuir a la diversificación de su base genética.

ABSTRACT The classical breeding methods have narrowed the genetic base of rice. The pedigree method with a limited number of elite and genetically related parents, can reduce variability in long term studies. The development of populations with a broad genetic base and the use of breeding methods that allow the continuous accumulation of favorable alleles could overcome these disadvantages. Recurrent selection (SR) allows the improvement of a population through the pyramidation of favorable alleles of diverse donors and of diverse genetic origin. It has been used in Colombia by CIAT/CIRAD for the development and improvement of the genetic stock of Oryza sativa L. rice, a tropical rain-fed Japonica type in acid savannas. They were evaluated in complete blocks at random with three repetitions, 50 advanced lines of this project, together with the commercial control Corpoica Llanura 11. There was a significant difference between rice lines for the dependent variables grain yield, days to flowering, vigor and incidence of Pyricularia in leaves and spotted of grain. Lines 39 and 37 of the PCT-11 population presented the highest yields, with 6.471 and 6.192kg ha-1, respectively, significantly different from the control and nine late cycle lines of the PCT-4 population, which presented very low yields. Especially line 39 showed a lower incidence of the Pyricularia fungus on leaves than the commercial control Corpoica Llanura 11. The present results and others obtained in Colombia and Brazil, show the utility of SR in savanna rice to generate superior lines in yield, resistance to diseases, adaptation to acid savannas and the potential to contribute to the diversification of the genetic base.

https://doi.org/10.31910/rudca.v24.n2.2021.1707 21 downloads

15.

Evaluation of the Effect of Brazilian Savanna (Cerrado) Seasons in Flavonoids and Alkaloids Accumulation: The Case of Duguetia furfuracea
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Macedo, Arthur L.

; Boaretto, Amanda G.

; Silva, André N. da

; Maia, Débora S.

; Siqueira, João M. de

; Silva, Denise B.

; Carollo, Carlos A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2021, Volume 32 Nº 9 Páginas 1840 - 1850

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Environmental factors can influence secondary plant metabolism, inducing seasonal variation in chemical composition. Few works report how the seasons of Brazilian savanna (Cerrado), rainy and dry, impacts plant metabolism. We investigated the seasonal effect on the production of secondary metabolites in Duguetia furfuracea. Leaves of three individuals were collected monthly for one year and analyzed by ultra-fast liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector and mass spectrometry (UFLC-DAD-MS), partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), volcano plot, and Pearson correlation. The main chemical classes found were benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives and flavonoids. Alkaloids are virtually perennial, with qualitative variation during the year, and flavonoids accumulate during the rainy season. Dew point temperature seemed to be the most representative weather indicator in the metabolite change. These results showed for the first time the effect of the Cerrado environment on the levels of flavonoids and alkaloids in Duguetia furfuracea. They could be useful for exploring this species since it is used in popular medicine and accumulates valuable secondary metabolites.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210075 26 downloads

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