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ABSTRACT Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plant metabolism and has been studied in several crops of economic interest. However, there is no evidence of its use in coconut crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of foliar zinc fertilization with doses of zinc on dwarf green coconut seedlings based on their nutritional status, growth attributes, and gas exchange. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, and the treatments consisted of different zinc doses (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g per plant) with five replicates. Seedlings were positively influenced by zinc dose, mainly in terms of growth variables and gas exchange. Zinc fertilization reduced iron and manganese content and increased zinc concentrations in the leaf tissue. Zinc fertilization promoted an increase in leaf area, height, shoot dry mass, and total dry mass. Furthermore, zinc fertilization improved photosynthesis, transpiration, stomatal conductance, internal CO2 concentration, instantaneous water use efficiency, and intrinsic water use efficiency. The improvement in these growth indices and gas exchange, in most variables, was up to an estimated dose of approximately 16 g of zinc per plant and decreased with increasing doses.

RESUMO O zinco é um micronutriente de importância essencial para o metabolismo vegetal, é estudado para diversas culturas de interesse econômico, porém sem evidências de estudo para a cultura do coqueiro. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar a influência da fertilização com doses de zinco via foliar em mudas de coqueiro anão verde, por meio do estado nutricional, atributos de crescimento e trocas gasosas. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, e os tratamentos foram constituídos por doses de zinco (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 25 g por planta), com cinco repetições. As mudas foram influenciadas positivamente pelas doses de zinco principalmente nas variáveis de crescimento e nas trocas gasosas. No estado nutricional afetou de maneira decrescente o ferro e o manganês e aumentou o zinco no tecido foliar. O zinco proporcionou incrementos na área foliar, altura de plantas, massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca total. Além disso, melhorou a fotossíntese, transpiração, condutância estomática, concentração interna de CO2, eficiência instantânea do uso da água e eficiência intrínseca do uso da água. A melhora nesses índices de crescimento e trocas gasosas, na maioria das variáveis, foi até a dose estimada de aproximadamente 16 g de zinco por planta e diminuiu com o aumento das doses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n11p864-872

COVID-19 Infection Changes the Functions and Morphology of Erythrocytes: A Multidisciplinary Study
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Sales, Marcos V. S.

; Tanabe, Eloiza L. L.

; Maciel, Thamilla M. S.

; Tavares, Maria C.

; Leal, Juliana G. C.

; Pinto, Larissa S.

; Pires, Keyla S. N.

; Coelho, Jorge A. P. M.

; Silva, Elaine C. O.

; Souza, Samuel T.

; Fonseca, Eduardo J. S.

; Fragoso, Thiago S.

; Aquino, Thiago M.

; Borbely, Alexandre U.

; Rocha, Ueslen

; Santos, Josué C. C.

; Leite, Ana Catarina R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2023, Volume 34 Nº 8 Páginas 1185 - 1196

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Hematological problems are associated with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Respiratory impairment is the higher point studied, although without experimental studies related to the oxygen transport performed by erythrocytes. Therefore, we decided to investigate if erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients have their functionality changed. The case-control study included hospitalized patients with a positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) result admitted to University Hospital. Volunteers (negative RT-PCR results) were recruited as a control group. Thus, we assessed different erythrocytes parameters, oxidative stress markers, and biophysical studies using whole blood and isolated hemoglobin. We found a decrease of 51% in oxygen uptake and reduced antioxidant enzyme activity in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. Raman spectrometry showed structural changes in the hemoglobin and lipids of the erythrocytes from COVID-19 patients; thus, these results were consolidated with an increase in Young’s modulus in erythrocytes followed by morphology changes. Besides, isolated hemoglobin from COVID-19 patients has a distinct interaction profile using a ligand model compared to the control. COVID-19 leads to structural, functional, and morphological damage to human erythrocytes. Our data showed structural and molecular changes and induction of oxidative stress in erythrocytes by COVID-19, a new perspective on the contribution of erythrocytes to a respiratory commitment in COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230031

Antifungal effect of essential oils on control of phytopathogens in stored soybean seeds
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Baiotto, Cristiano S.

; Baiotto, Luana M. C.

; Beber, Simony C.

; Kleibert, Karine R. U.

; Fell, Ana P. W.

; Babeski, Cristhian M.

; Bandeira, Willyan J. A.

; Basso, Natiane C. F.

; Silva, José A. G. da

; Colet, Christiane de F.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Abr 2023, Volume 27 Nº 4 Páginas 272 - 278

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A soja está sujeita à ocorrência de patógenos transmitidos por sementes, necessitando de tratamento fitossanitário, porém, este pode ser tóxico ao homem e ao ambiente. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos óleos essenciais de alecrim (Rosmarinus officinalis) e eucalipto (Corymbia citriodora) no tratamento contra fungos fitopatogênicos em sementes de soja armazenadas. O experimento foi em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2 × 5, para sementes com e sem inoculação de fungos (Aspergillus flavus e Penicillium rubens) e cinco tratamentos de sementes (três óleos essenciais, controle positivo e controle negativo), com quatro repetições. Os óleos essenciais de alecrim, eucalipto e a combinação destes foram aplicados na dose de 4 mL kg-1 de sementes de soja, na concentração de 700 µL mL-1. Como controle negativo (testemunha) utilizou-se água destilada com Tween® 80 a 2% e como controle positivo o fungicida comercial Vitavax-Thiram® 200SC, conforme dosagem do fabricante. O óleo essencial de R. officinalis foi eficiente no controle de Penicillium sp. nas sementes de soja armazenadas e apresentou efeito semelhante ao controle positivo. O óleo essencial de C. citriodora reduziu a incidência de Aspergillus sp. Portanto, estes óleos essenciais têm potencial para serem utilizados no controle alternativo de patógenos de sementes de soja.

ABSTRACT Soybean is subject to occurrences of pathogens transmitted by seeds, requiring phytosanitary treatment, however, it can be toxic to humans and the environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) and eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora) on the control of phytopathogenic fungi in stored soybean seeds. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design, using a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement consisted of seeds with and without fungal inoculation (Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium rubens) and five seed treatments (three essential oils, positive control, and negative control), with four replicates. Rosemary and eucalyptus essential oils and their combination were applied to soybean seeds at the rate of 4 mL kg-1, at a concentration of 700 µL mL-1. Distilled water with 2% Tween® 80 was used as negative control, and the commercial fungicide Vitavax-Thiram® 200SC was used as positive control, according to the manufacturers’ recommendations. The R. officinalis essential oil was efficient in the control of Penicillium sp. in stored soybean seeds and showed a similar effect to the positive control. The C. citriodora essential oil reduced the incidence of Aspergillus sp. Therefore, these essential oils have potential to be used as an alternative control of soybean seed pathogens.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n4p272-278

Presence of SARS-CoV-2 in urban effluents in south-east Buenos Aires, Argentina, May 2020 to March 2022
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Cimmino, Carlos

; Rodrigues Capítulo, Leandro

; Lerman, Andrea

; Silva, Andrea

; Von Haften, Gabriela

; Comino, Ana P.

; Cigoy, Luciana

; Scagliola, Marcelo

; Poncet, Verónica

; Caló, Gonzalo

; Uez, Osvaldo

; Berón, Corina M.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2023, Volume 47 elocation e94

Resumo: Pt Es En | Texto: Pt Es En | PDF: Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivos. Implementar e avaliar o uso de amostragem de águas residuais na detecção do coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2) em dois distritos costeiros da Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Métodos. No distrito de General Pueyrredon, amostras de 400 mL de águas residuais foram coletadas ao longo de 24 horas com um amostrador automático; já no distrito de Pinamar, foram coletados 20 L no total (2,2 L a intervalos de 20 minutos). As amostras foram coletadas uma vez por semana e concentradas por floculação com cloreto de polialumínio. A purificação do RNA e a amplificação e detecção de genes-alvo foram realizadas por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase com transcrição reversa para diagnóstico clínico de esfregaços nasofaríngeos humanos. Resultados. Detectou-se presença de SARS-CoV-2 em águas residuais dos dois distritos. Em General Pueyrredon, o SARS-CoV-2 foi detectado na semana epidemiológica 28 de 2020, ou seja, 20 dias antes do início de um aumento no número de casos da doença provocada pelo coronavírus de 2019 (COVID-19) na primeira onda (semana epidemiológica 31) e 9 semanas antes de se registrar o número máximo de casos de COVID-19 confirmados em laboratório. No distrito de Pinamar, o genoma viral foi detectado na semana epidemiológica 51 de 2020, mas não foi possível realizar a amostragem novamente até a semana epidemiológica 4 de 2022, quando a circulação do vírus foi novamente constatada. Conclusões. Foi possível detectar o genoma do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em águas residuais, demonstrando a utilidade da aplicação da epidemiologia baseada em águas residuais para detectar e monitorar o SARS-CoV-2 em longo prazo.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Aplicar y evaluar la utilización de muestreos de aguas residuales como método para la detección del coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo de tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2) en dos distritos costeros de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Métodos. Se utilizó un dispositivo de muestreo automático para tomar muestras de 400 mL de las aguas residuales de 24 horas en el distrito de General Pueyrredon, mientras que en el distrito de Pinamar se tomaron muestras de 2,2 L a intervalos de 20 minutos hasta un volumen total de 20 L. Los muestreos se realizaron una vez por semana. Las muestras se concentraron mediante floculación con policloruro de aluminio. La purificación del ARN y la amplificación y detección del gen diana se llevaron a cabo mediante la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con retrotranscripción para el diagnóstico clínico a partir de hisopados nasofaríngeos. Resultados. Se observó la presencia de SARS-CoV-2 en las aguas residuales de ambos distritos. En General Pueyrredon, el SARS-CoV-2 se halló en la semana epidemiológica 28 del 2020, es decir, 20 días antes del inicio del aumento de casos de enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) registrado en la primera ola (semana epidemiológica 31) y nueve semanas antes de que se alcanzara el número máximo de casos de COVID-19 con confirmación de laboratorio. En el distrito de Pinamar se detectó el genoma viral en la semana epidemiológica 51 del 2020, pero solo se pudo volver a realizar el muestreo en la semana epidemiológica 4 del 2022, en la que se volvió a detectar la circulación del virus. Conclusiones. Se pudo detectar el genoma del virus SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales, lo que muestra la utilidad de la aplicación de la epidemiología de aguas residuales como método para la detección y el seguimiento del SARS-CoV-2 a largo plazo.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To implement and evaluate the use of wastewater sampling for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in two coastal districts of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Methods. In General Pueyrredon district, 400 mL of wastewater samples were taken with an automatic sampler for 24 hours, while in Pinamar district, 20 L in total (2.2 L at 20-minute intervals) were taken. Samples were collected once a week. The samples were concentrated based on flocculation using polyaluminum chloride. RNA purification and target gene amplification and detection were performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for clinical diagnosis of human nasopharyngeal swabs. Results. In both districts, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in wastewater. In General Pueyrredon, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in epidemiological week 28, 2020, which was 20 days before the start of an increase in coronavirus virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in the first wave (epidemiological week 31) and 9 weeks before the maximum number of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases was recorded. In Pinamar district, the virus genome was detected in epidemiological week 51, 2020 but it was not possible to carry out the sampling again until epidemiological week 4, 2022, when viral circulation was again detected. Conclusions. It was possible to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus genome in wastewater, demonstrating the usefulness of the application of wastewater epidemiology for long-term SARS-CoV-2 detection and monitoring.

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2023.94

Immunopathological evaluation of oral squamous cell carcinomas: a case series
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Souza, Vinícius G. de

; Santos, Damilys J.

; Araújo, Tatiana S.

; Silva, Ana G.

; Ribeiro, Rosy I.

; Loyola, Adriano M.

; Cardoso, Sérgio V.

; Siqueira-Miranda, Carla S.

; Cardoso, Ludimila P.

Gaceta mexicana de oncología

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2023, Volume 22 Supl. 1 Páginas 100 - 104

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La evaluación de la expresión del ligando 1 de muerte programada (PD-L1) es un criterio de elegibilidad para la inmunoterapia anti-PD-L1 en el carcinoma oral de células escamosas (COCE). También deben evaluarse otros componentes del microambiente tisular. Aquí se informaron cuatro casos de carcinoma de células escamosas orales. Se realizaron análisis histopatológicos del grado tumoral y TIL (infiltrado inflamatorio asociado a tumor) e inmunohistoquímica para CD4, CD8 y PD-L1. Los casos se clasificaron según el microambiente tisular en resistencia inmunitaria adaptativa, ignorancia inmunológica, tolerancia o inducción intrínseca. Este análisis destaca la importancia de comprender el microambiente inmunológico que puede presentar el COCE para la identificación de dianas terapéuticas más eficaces contra la enfermedad.

Abstract The evaluation of the expression of programmed cell death protein (PD-L1) is an eligibility criterion for anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Other components of tissue microenvironment should also be evaluated. Here, four cases of oral squamous cells carcinoma were reported. Histopathological analysis of tumor grade and TILs and immunohistochemistry for CD4, CD8, and PD-L1 was done. The cases were classified according to the tissue microenvironment in adaptive immune resistance, immunological ignorance, tolerance, or intrinsic induction. This analysis highlights the importance of understanding the immunological microenvironment that the OSCC can present for the identification of more effective therapeutic targets against the disease.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000145

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Evaluation of pediatric diabetes mellitus after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A long-term prospective case series
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Fink, Thais T.

; Canton, Ana P.M.

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda B.

; Bain, Vera

; Matsuo, Olívia

; Astley, Camilla

; Marques, Heloisa H.S.

; Correa-Silva, Simone

; Montenegro, Marilia M.

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Garanito, Marlene P.

; Duarte, Alberto J.S.

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Latronico, Ana C.

; Silva, Clovis A.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100299

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100299

Aging-related predictive factors for oxygenation improvement and mortality in COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients exposed to prone position: A multicenter cohort study
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Cunha, Marieta C.A.

; Schardong, Jociane

; Righi, Natiele C.

; Lunardi, Adriana C.

; Sant’Anna, Guadalupe N.

; Isensee, Larissa P.

; Xavier, Rafaela F.

; Pompeu, Jose E.

; Weigert, Renata M.

; Matte, Darlan L.

; Cardoso, Rozana A.

; Abras, Ana C.V.

; Silva, Antonio M.V.

; Dorneles, Camila C.

; Werle, Roberta W.

; Starke, Ana C.

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Plentz, Rodrigo D.M.

; Carvalho, Celso R.F.

Clinics

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2023, Volume 78 elocation 100180

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Elderly patients are more susceptible to Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and are more likely to develop it in severe forms, (e.g., Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [ARDS]). Prone positioning is a treatment strategy for severe ARDS; however, its response in the elderly population remains poorly understood. The main objective was to evaluate the predictive response and mortality of elderly patients exposed to prone positioning due to ARDS-COVID-19. Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study involved 223 patients aged ≥ 65 years, who received prone position sessions for severe ARDS due to COVID-19, using invasive mechanical ventilation. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio was used to assess the oxygenation response. The 20-point improvement in PaO2/FiO2 after the first prone session was considered for good response. Data were collected from electronic medical records, including demographic data, laboratory/image exams, complications, comorbidities, SAPS III and SOFA scores, use of anticoagulants and vasopressors, ventilator settings, and respiratory system mechanics. Mortality was defined as deaths that occurred until hospital discharge. Results: Most patients were male, with arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus as the most prevalent comorbidities. The non-responders group had higher SAPS III and SOFA scores, and a higher incidence of complications. There was no difference in mortality rate. A lower SAPS III score was a predictor of oxygenation response, and the male sex was a risk predictor of mortality. Conclusion: The present study suggests the oxygenation response to prone positioning in elderly patients with severe COVID-19-ARDS correlates with the SAPS III score. Furthermore, the male sex is a risk predictor of mortality.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100180

Dicamba Degradation by Fenton-Like Process Using Iron/Biochar Composites
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Guimarães, Tiago

; Aguiar, Adalin C. M. de

; Silva, Elisa M. G. da

; Mielke, Kamila C.

; Costa, Marcelo M. da

; Silva, Antonio A. da

; Teixeira, Ana P C.

; Lopes, Renata P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 Nº 12 Páginas 1753 - 1761

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this work, an iron/biochar composite was evaluated as a catalyst for 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) herbicide degradation by heterogeneous Fenton-like process. The biochar was produced from pyrolysis of coffee husks. After FeII adsorption by biochar, the material was submitted to chemical reduction, via borohydride, producing zero-valent iron nanoparticles (BIO-Fe0). The material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, among other techniques. The BIO-Fe0 is a heterogeneous material, and the main constituent elements are carbon (C), oxygen (O), silicon (Si), sulfur (S) and iron (Fe). The dicamba degradation was monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography and biological assays using beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) as indicator species. The commercial dicamba (500 mL; 250 mg L 1) was submitted to Fenton-like process (initial pH 3.20; BIO-Fe0: 3 or 5 g; 1.00 mL H2O2 at 3.00 mmol L 1; 1.00 mL Al2(SO4)3 at 1.00 mol L 1; 25 ºC and 5 h of reaction), presenting ca. 100% of degradation. These treated solutions were used in a biological assay. The intoxication levels were less 30%. These results show that BIO-Fe0 has the potential to be used in the dicamba degradation by Fenton-like processes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230068

10.

Zinc deficiency disrupts pain signaling promoting nociceptive but not inflammatory pain in mice
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LIMA, CLEVERTON KLEITON F.

; SISNANDE, THÁYNA

; SILVA, RAFAELA V. DA

; SILVA, VANESSA DOMITILLA C.S. DA

; AMARAL, JULIO J. DO

; OCHS, SORAYA M.

; SANTOS, BRUNA L.R. DOS

; MIRANDA, ANA LUÍSA P. DE

; LIMA, LUÍS MAURÍCIO T.R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20220914

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient involved in the physiology of nervous system and pain modulation. There is little evidence for the role of nutritional Zn alternations to the onset and progression of neuropathic (NP) and inflammatory pain. The study investigated the effects of a zinc restricted diet on the development of pain. Weaned mice were submitted to a regular (38 mg/kg of Zn) or Zn deficient (11 mg/kg of Zn) diets for four weeks, pain responses evaluated (mechanical, cold and heat allodynia; formalin- and carrageenan-induced inflammatory hypernociception), plasma and tissues collected for biochemical and metabolomic analysis. Zn deficient diet inhibited animal growth (37%) and changed mice sensitivity pattern, inducing an intense allodynia evoked by mechanical, cold and heat stimulus for four weeks. The inflammatory pain behavior of formalin test was drastically reduced or absent when challenged by an inflammatory stimulus. Zn restriction also reduce plasma TNF, increase neuronal activation, oxidative stress, indicating a disruption of the immune response. Liver metabolomic analyses suggest a downregulation of lipid metabolism of arachidonic acid. Zn restriction since weaned disrupts pain signaling considerably and reduce inflammatory pain. Zn could be considered a predisposing factor for the onset of chronic pain such as painful neuropathies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220914

11.

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

12.

Different stocks of Prochilodus lineatus along the Cinzas River basin: contributions from a free-flowing tributary in the Capivara Reservoir region, Paranapanema River basin (upper Paraná River) freeflowing free flowing region upper
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Ferreira, Dhiego G.

; Galindo, Bruno A.

; Limeira, Daniel M.

; Garla, Alanna

; Marques, Ana J. C.

; Moreira, Amanda A.

; Rodrigues, Maria V. H.

; Clemente, Roberta C.

; Shimpo, Jhennifer Y.

; Martins, Gabriel A.

; Almeida, Fernanda S.

; Apolinário-Silva, Caroline

; Zanatta, Augusto S.

; Sofia, Silvia H.

; Souza-Shibatta, Lenice

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volume 21 Nº 4 elocation e230080

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Barragens são umas das principais ameaças para peixes potamódromos Neotropicais, causando bloqueios de rotas migratórias e perdas de áreas de reprodução em um número crescente de sistemas de drenagem. Neste cenário, dados atuais defendem que a manutenção de tributários de fluxo livre em bacias hidrográficas fragmentadas seria uma importante estratégia na conservação de peixes migradores, tanto em situações de panmixia quanto em cenários com diferentes estoques coexistindo, tal como já relatado para Prochilodus lineatus. Este estudo analisou locos microssatélites e haplótipos mitocondriais em amostras de P. lineatus obtidas em diferentes anos ao longo da bacia do rio das Cinzas, no reservatório de Capivara (maior reservatório na calha principal do rio Paranapanema, alto rio Paraná) e no rio Tibagi, todos conectados por trechos livres, visando investigar as contribuições da bacia do rio das Cinzas na dinâmica populacional de peixes migradores na região do reservatório de Capivara. Ambos os marcadores detectaram altos níveis de diversidade genética e indicaram diferentes estoques de P. lineatus ao longo da bacia do rio das Cinzas, sugerindo alguma estruturação genética temporal, bem como a mistura destes estoques na amostra do reservatório de Capivara e de outros pontos, corroborando as relações de estoques neste reservatório e seus tributários. Neotropicais drenagem cenário coexistindo P maior Paranapanema Paraná Tibagi livres temporal pontos

Abstract Dams are one of the main threats to Neotropical potamodromous fish, causing blockages of migratory routes and loss of breeding areas in an increasing number of drainage systems. In this scenario, current data argue that the maintenance of free-flowing tributaries along fragmented watersheds would be an important strategy to the migratory fish conservation, both in panmixia situations and in scenarios with different coexisting stocks, as already reported for Prochilodus lineatus. This study analyzed microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes in samples of P. lineatus obtained in different years along the Cinzas River basin, as well as in the Capivara Reservoir (largest Reservoir in the Paranapanema main channel, upper Paraná River) and in the Tibagi River, all connected by free stretches, aiming to investigate the contributions of the Cinzas River basin to the population dynamics of migratory fish in the Capivara reservoir region. Both markers detected high genetic diversity levels and indicated different genetic stocks of P. lineatus along the Cinzas River basin, suggesting some temporal genetic structuring, as well as the mixture of these stocks in the sample from the Capivara reservoir and from other points, corroborating the relationships among stocks in this reservoir and its tributaries. systems scenario freeflowing flowing conservation P largest channel stretches region structuring points

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0080

13.

Effects of Exercise Training on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Markers in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Study
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Durante, Bruno G.

; Ferreira-Silva, Rosyvaldo

; Goya, Thiago T.

; Lima, Marta F.

; Rodrigues, Ana Clara T.

; Drager, Luciano F.

; Jordão, Camila P.

; Rodrigues, Amanda G.

; Alves, Maria Janieire de Nazare N.

; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo

; Negrão, Carlos E.

; Ueno-Pardi, Linda M.

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Out 2022, Volume 35 Nº 5 Páginas 646 - 656

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Exercise training (ET) is an adjunctive treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its consequences. However, the effects of exercise on heart remodeling are unknown in the population with OSA. Objective We investigated the effect of ET on markers of diastolic function, sleep parameters, and functional capacity in patients with OSA. Methods Sedentary patients with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index, AHI ≥15 events/hr) were randomly assigned to untrained (n=18) and trained (n=20) strategies. Polysomnography, cardiopulmonary exercise test, and echocardiography were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study. ET consisted of 3 weekly sessions of aerobic exercise, resistance exercises, and flexibility training (72 sessions, completed in 11.65±0.86 months). A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05 for all analyses. Result Thirty-eight patients were included (AHI:45±29 events/hr, age:52±7 y, body mass index: 30±4 kg/m2). They had similar baseline parameters. ET caused a significant change in OSA severity (AHI:4.5±18 versus -5.7±13 events/hr; arousal index:1.5±8 versus -6.1±13 events/hr, in untrained and trained groups respectively, p<0.05). The trained patients had an increase in functional capacity after intervention. ET improved isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT, untrained=6.5±17.3 versus trained=-5.1±17.1 msec, p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between changes in IVRT and arousal index in the trained group (r =-0.54, p<0.05). No difference occurred in the other diastolic function parameters evaluated. Conclusion ET promotes modest but significant improvement in AHI, functional capacity, and cardiac IVRT, a validated parameter of diastolic function.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20210146

14.

Pretreatment and Enzymatic Saccharification of Water Hyacinth, Sugarcane Bagasse, Maize Straw, and Green Coconut Shell Using an Organosolv Method with Glycerol and FeCl3
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Santana, Joselaine C.

; Silva, Ana Claudia M. da

; Abud, Ana Karla S.

; Wisniewski Jr., Alberto

; Romão, Luciane P. C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2022, Volume 33 Nº 9 Páginas 1117 - 1133

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A method to pretreatment of biomasses using glycerol as a green solvent was developed. Optimization of organosolv pretreatment was performed using a 23 factorial design, investigating synergism among the variables particle size (from < 0.85 to > 2.0 mm), FeCl3 concentration (0.025-0.175 mol L-1), and temperature (160-220 °C). Although the effects of the variables differed according to the type of lignocellulose, it was nonetheless possible to find an optimal condition in common (< 0.85 mm; 0.025 mol L-1; 220 °C), which was economically and environmentally sustainable, employing a small amount of catalyst. The biomasses pretreated using this combination of factors exhibited enzymatic digestibility exceeding 93% after 48 h, reflecting efficient reduction of recalcitrance as a result of high removal of hemicellulose (ca. 90%), provided by the use of FeCl3, together with substantial delignification. There was low formation of inhibitors in the hydrolysate, indicating that it could be directly fermented. The lignin removed to liquors could be easily recovered by centrifugation. Tests carried out under the optimal condition revealed that after the pretreatment the biomass could be directly used in enzymatic hydrolysis, without washing and wet. Furthermore, after simple treatment, crude glycerol was as effective as commercial glycerol.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220032

15.

2-(Pyridin-4yl)benzothiazole and Its Benzimidazole-Analogue: Biophysical and in silico Studies on Their Interaction with Urease and in vitro Anti-Helicobacter pylori Activities
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Pereira, Camila P.

; Lyra, Ana C. F. de

; Oliveira, Breno G. F.

; Nascimento, Igor J. S.

; Silva-Júnior, Edeildo F. da

; Aquino, Thiago M. de

; Sisto, Francesca

; Figueiredo, Isis M.

; Martins, Felipe T.

; Modolo, Luzia V.

; Santos, Josué C. C.

; Fátima, Ângelo de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2022, Volume 33 Nº 9 Páginas 1041 - 1057

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this study, the interaction between benzothiazole (BTA, concentration of a drug required for 50% inhibition in vitro (IC50) = 0.77 mM) and benzimidazole (BIA, IC50 = 2.14 mM) with urease was quantitatively assessed, using UV-Vis, molecular fluorescence, and circular dichroism. The results showed that both compounds interact with urease by a static fluorescence quenching mechanism with a non-fluorescent complex formation. The main forces responsible for stabilizing the supramolecular complex between BTA and urease were hydrophobic while, for BIA, van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds were the main ones. Urease conformation changes due to the interaction process were analyzed by circular dichroism and synchronous fluorescence. Besides, a competitive assay with substrate and inhibitors was used to evaluate the preferential urease site of interaction with BTA and BIA. Our experimental and theoretical studies supported that both, BTA and BIA, are mixed-inhibitors of ureases with a slight preference to the active site of such enzymes. Finally, both BTA and BIA showed to possess anti-Helicobacter pylori (one reference strain and six clinical isolates) activity, presenting minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 38-150 and 20-164 µM, respectively. The urease inhibitors omeprazole and hydroxyurea showed MIC values in the range of 46-185 µM and 1683-> 3366 µM, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220020

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