RESUMEN El artículo presenta los resultados de un proceso de investigación centrado en la digitalización y puesta en disponibilidad pública del archivo de ¡Adelante! El Periódico de la Usina Popular de Tandil, un órgano de prensa editado en la localidad bonaerense de Tandil, Argentina, entre 1934 y 1942. Dicha publicación nace en el proceso de creación de la Usina Popular, una entidad que buscó brindar un servicio accesible y de calidad para llevar energía eléctrica a los tandilenses. La digitalización de estos materiales de archivo y su puesta a disposición en repositorios de acceso abierto plantea, por un lado, una serie de interrogantes acerca de las relaciones que se establecen entre los procesos comunicacionales, las tecnologías digitales y las políticas públicas que pugnan llevarla adelante, al mismo tiempo que exigió la conformación de un equipo multidisciplinario que involucró el diálogo con las investigaciones históricas que contribuyen a la construcción de una historia de los medios de prensa de ciudades medias de la provincia de Buenos Aires.

ABSTRACT The article presents the results of a research process focused on the digitization and public availability of the ¡Adelante! The newspaper of the Usina Popular de Tandil, a press organ published in the town of Tandil, Argentina, between 1934 and 1942. This publication was born in the process of creating the Popular Power Plant, an entity that sought to provide accesibility and quality service to bring electrical energy to the people of Tandil. The digitization of these archive materials and their availability in open access repositories raises, on the one hand, a series of questions about the relationships established between communication processes, digital technologies and the public policies that seek to carry it out, whereas at the same time, it demanded the formation of a multidisciplinary team that involved dialogue with historical research that contributes to the construction of a history of the press in medium-sized cities in the province of Buenos Aires.

RESUMO O artigo apresenta os resultados de um processo de pesquisa focado na digitalização e disponibilização pública do arquivo de ¡Adelante! El Periódico de la Usina Popular de Tandil, órgão de imprensa publicado na cidade de Tandil, em Buenos Aires, Argentina, entre 1934 e 1942. Esta publicação nasceu no processo de criação da Usina Popular, entidade que buscava fornecer um serviço acessível e de qualidade para levar energia elétrica à população de Tandil. A digitalização destes materiais arquivísticos e a sua disponibilização em repositórios de acesso aberto levanta, por um lado, uma série de questões sobre as relações estabelecidas entre os processos de comunicação, as tecnologias digitais e as políticas públicas que procuram realizá-lo, que exigiu a formação de uma equipe multidisciplinar que envolveu o diálogo com as pesquisas históricas que contribuem para a construção de uma história da mídia impressa nas cidades médias da província de Buenos Aires.

Resumo Objetivou-se realizar uma análise espacial da taxa de mortalidade hospitalar (TMH) por síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) atribuída à COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil no período de 2020 a 2021. Utilizou-se o método de cluster para agrupar as unidades federativas (UFs) com base na TMH. Em 2020, clusters com altas TMHs foram formados por UFs Norte/Nordeste. Em 2021, houve redução na TMH. Os clusters com maiores taxas permaneceram na região N/NE. Diferenças regionais foram observadas nas TMHs. Os achados podem refletir as desigualdades sociais e o acesso à atenção hospitalar, principalmente na faixa etária de menores de 1 ano pela gravidade da doença neste grupo.

Abstract The objective was to perform a spatial analysis of the hospital mortality rate (HMR) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) attributed to COVID-19 among children and adolescents in Brazil from 2020 to 2021. A cluster method was used to group federal units (FUs) based on HMR. In 2020, clusters with high HMRs were formed by north/northeast FUs. In 2021, there was a reduction in HMR. Clusters with higher rates remained in the N/NE region. Regional differences were observed in the HMR. The findings may reflect social inequalities and access to hospital care, especially in the under 1-year-old age group due to the severity of the disease in this group.

Abstract The objective was to perform a spatial analysis of the hospital mortality rate (HMR) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) attributed to COVID-19 among children and adolescents in Brazil from 2020 to 2021. A cluster method was used to group federal units (FUs) based on HMR. In 2020, clusters with high HMRs were formed by north/northeast FUs. In 2021, there was a reduction in HMR. Clusters with higher rates remained in the N/NE region. Regional differences were observed in the HMR. The findings may reflect social inequalities and access to hospital care, especially in the under 1-year-old age group due to the severity of the disease in this group.

Resumo Objetivou-se realizar uma análise espacial da taxa de mortalidade hospitalar (TMH) por síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) atribuída à COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil no período de 2020 a 2021. Utilizou-se o método de cluster para agrupar as unidades federativas (UFs) com base na TMH. Em 2020, clusters com altas TMHs foram formados por UFs Norte/Nordeste. Em 2021, houve redução na TMH. Os clusters com maiores taxas permaneceram na região N/NE. Diferenças regionais foram observadas nas TMHs. Os achados podem refletir as desigualdades sociais e o acesso à atenção hospitalar, principalmente na faixa etária de menores de 1 ano pela gravidade da doença neste grupo.

Abstract Background: The relationship between viral infections and host factors holds high hopes for identifying the role of Interferon Lambda 3 (IFNL3) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) polymorphisms in the development of Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) in patients infected with hepatitis Delta virus (HDV) in the Western Brazilian Amazon. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with a cohort of 40 chronic HDV patients, 27 with CLD and 13 without evident liver damage. Biological samples from the participants were analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, followed by sequencing by the automated Sanger method. Results: The rs8099917 T allele, from the IFNL3 gene, showed a higher frequency in both groups; however, it was not possible to establish an association with HDV infection [OR = 1.42 (0.42 - 4.75; p = 0.556 (95% CI). For IL-6, the rs1800795 G allele was superior to rs1800795 C. Analyzing both distributions in the studied groups, any association with HDV was absent (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The results suggest that the rs8099917 T/G (IFNL3) and rs1800795 G/C (IL-6) polymorphisms are not associated with the evolution of HDV in the studied population.

Abstract The objective was to perform a spatial analysis of the hospital mortality rate (HMR) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) attributed to COVID-19 among children and adolescents in Brazil from 2020 to 2021. A cluster method was used to group federal units (FUs) based on HMR. In 2020, clusters with high HMRs were formed by north/northeast FUs. In 2021, there was a reduction in HMR. Clusters with higher rates remained in the N/NE region. Regional differences were observed in the HMR. The findings may reflect social inequalities and access to hospital care, especially in the under 1-year-old age group due to the severity of the disease in this group.

Resumo Objetivou-se realizar uma análise espacial da taxa de mortalidade hospitalar (TMH) por síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) atribuída à COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil no período de 2020 a 2021. Utilizou-se o método de cluster para agrupar as unidades federativas (UFs) com base na TMH. Em 2020, clusters com altas TMHs foram formados por UFs Norte/Nordeste. Em 2021, houve redução na TMH. Os clusters com maiores taxas permaneceram na região N/NE. Diferenças regionais foram observadas nas TMHs. Os achados podem refletir as desigualdades sociais e o acesso à atenção hospitalar, principalmente na faixa etária de menores de 1 ano pela gravidade da doença neste grupo.

ABSTRACT Drug repositioning seeks to discover new applications for a drug that has already been approved in the market, resulting in faster and lower cost solutions, generally used for diseases that receive little investment, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this context, hesperidin, commercially approved as Daflon®, is a flavonoid that belongs to the chalcones group, a class that has antileishmanial potential. The present study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial activity of commercial hesperidin. Hesperidin (9 to 0.56 mg mL-1) was tested against promastigote and amastigote forms of four dermotropic species of Leishmania, namely L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (V.) naiffi. For the in vivo tests, hamsters were infected in the snout and the lesions were treated with intralesional hesperidin. The treatment effectiveness was assessed by measuring the total volume of the lesion on the snout and determining the parasitic load. The in vitro results showed moderate toxicity in murine macrophages, with higher efficacy in L. (L.) amazonensis when compared to the other species tested. The in vivo results showed that hesperidin was able to gradually reduce the size of lesions by L. (L.) amazonensis, although it did not induce clinical and parasitological cure. Thus, hesperidin showed potential in in vitro tests against L. (L.) amazonensis and further studies with new formulations and experimental treatment schemes should be carried out.

RESUMO O reposicionamento de medicamentos busca descobrir novas aplicações para um medicamento já aprovado no mercado, resultando em soluções mais rápidas e de menor custo, geralmente utilizadas para doenças que recebem pouco investimento, como a leishmaniose tegumentar. Nesse contexto, a hesperidina, aprovada comercialmente como Daflon®, tem despertado interesse científico por ser um flavonoide pertencente ao grupo das chalconas, classe que possui potencial antileishmania. O presente estudo avaliou a atividade antileishmania in vitro e in vivo da hesperidina comercial. A hesperidina (9 a 0,56 mg mL-1) foi testada contra as formas promastigota e amastigota de quatro espécies dermotrópicas de Leishmania, sendo elas L. (L.) amazonensis, L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) braziliensis e L. (V.) naiffi. Para os testes, os hamsters foram infectados no focinho e as lesões tratadas com hesperidina intralesional, cuja eficácia foi avaliada através da aferição do volume total da lesão no focinho e a determinação da carga parasitária. Os resultados in vitro demonstraram toxicidade moderada em macrófagos murinos e melhor eficácia em Leishmania (L.) amazonensis quando comparados às demais espécies testadas. Os resultados in vivo mostraram que a hesperidina foi capaz de reduzir gradativamente o tamanho das lesões causadas por L. (L.) amazonensis, embora não tenha induzido a cura clínica e parasitológica. Assim, a hesperidina mostrou-se promissora em estudos in vitro contra Leishmania (L.) amazonensis e novos estudos com novas formulações e esquemas de tratamento experimental devem ser realizados.

Abstract Objectives To evaluate outcomes of oral food challenge (OFC) test to assess tolerance in infants with non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy (CMA) with gastrointestinal manifestations and explore clinical data predictive of these outcomes. Methods Single-center retrospective study including infants (age < 12 months) who were referred for CMA between 2000 and 2018 and underwent OFC on follow-up. A univariate logistic regression test was performed to evaluate variables associated with the outcomes of the follow-up OFC test. Results Eighty-two patients were included, 50% were male. Eighteen patients had a positive OFC test (22%). Most patients had presented with hematochezia (77%). The median age of symptom onset was 30 days. Two-thirds of the patients were on appropriate infant formula (extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula), exclusively or in association with breastfeeding. The median time on an elimination diet before the OFC test was 8 months (Q1 6 - Q3 11 months). All cases with positive follow-up OFC tests (n= 18) had been exposed to cow's milk-based formula before the first clinical manifestation of CMA. Five out of eight cases with Food Protein-Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome (FPIES) had positive OFC tests. Exposure to cow's milk-based formula before diagnosis, a history of other food allergies, hematochezia and diarrhea were predictors of a positive OFC test. Conclusions In infants with non-IgE-mediated CMPA with gastrointestinal manifestations, the use of cow's milk-based formula, a history of other food allergies, and hematochezia and diarrhea upon initial presentation were associated factors for the later achievement of tolerance.

Abstract The objective was to perform a spatial analysis of the hospital mortality rate (HMR) due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) attributed to COVID-19 among children and adolescents in Brazil from 2020 to 2021. A cluster method was used to group federal units (FUs) based on HMR. In 2020, clusters with high HMRs were formed by north/northeast FUs. In 2021, there was a reduction in HMR. Clusters with higher rates remained in the N/NE region. Regional differences were observed in the HMR. The findings may reflect social inequalities and access to hospital care, especially in the under 1-year-old age group due to the severity of the disease in this group.

Resumo Objetivou-se realizar uma análise espacial da taxa de mortalidade hospitalar (TMH) por síndrome respiratória aguda grave (SRAG) atribuída à COVID-19 em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil no período de 2020 a 2021. Utilizou-se o método de cluster para agrupar as unidades federativas (UFs) com base na TMH. Em 2020, clusters com altas TMHs foram formados por UFs Norte/Nordeste. Em 2021, houve redução na TMH. Os clusters com maiores taxas permaneceram na região N/NE. Diferenças regionais foram observadas nas TMHs. Os achados podem refletir as desigualdades sociais e o acesso à atenção hospitalar, principalmente na faixa etária de menores de 1 ano pela gravidade da doença neste grupo.

Abstract This article seeks to identify user satisfaction in relation to wheelchairs and the provision of public and private health services in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region. It involved a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. Participants answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Brazilian version of the Quebec Assistive Technology User Satisfaction Assessment. Data were analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics by means of Student’s t test. Cohen’s d effect sizes were also calculated. Participants (n = 42) were “more or less satisfied” with the wheelchairs and “quite satisfied” with the services provided. Rigid frame wheelchair users were significantly more satisfied with their wheelchairs compared to users of wheelchairs weighing over 198 lbs. (p = 0.010, d = 1.04). Users of private services showed significantly greater satisfaction with the provision of the service compared to public services users (p = 0.021, d = 0.75). Wheelchair users in the Baixada Santista Metropolitan Region are more satisfied with the rigid frame wheelchair and less satisfied with public services.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é identificar a satisfação dos usuários em relação às cadeiras de rodas e à prestação de serviços públicos e privados de saúde da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista. Estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Os participantes responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico e à versão brasileira do Quebec Assistive Technology User Satisfaction Assessment. Os dados foram analisados utilizando a estatística descritiva e comparativa por meio do teste t de Student. Os tamanhos de efeito d de Cohen foram calculados. Os participantes (n = 42) estavam “mais ou menos satisfeitos” com as cadeiras de rodas e “pouco satisfeitos” com a prestação de serviços. Os usuários de cadeiras de rodas monobloco apresentaram satisfação significativamente maior com suas cadeiras em comparação com usuários de cadeiras de rodas acima de 90kg (p = 0,010, d = 1,04). Os usuários de serviços privados apresentaram satisfação significativamente maior com a prestação de serviço em comparação aos usuários de serviços públicos (p = 0,021, d = 0,75). Os usuários de cadeiras de rodas da Região Metropolitana da Baixada Santista estão mais satisfeitos com as cadeiras de rodas monobloco e menos satisfeitos com os serviços públicos.

Abstract This article aims to characterize the language employed in educational and communications materials about STIs, HIV/AIDS and viral hepatitis produced by the Ministry of Health between 2010 and 2019, identifying elements related to health promotion and disease prevention. We conducted an exploratory descriptive study. The materials were selected by performing a systematic search of the Ministry of Health website focusing on the period 2010-2019. The materials were analyzed to determine the educational approaches adopted. The preventive, educational and personal development approaches were identified in 100% (201), 24.87% (50) and 7.96% (16) of the materials, respectively. The radical and popular education for health approaches were not observed. The almost exclusive focus on the preventive approach reveals that promoting changes in individual habits and behavior alone is not sufficient to combat and solve the problem of STIs, HIV/AIDS and viral hepatitis in Brazil.

Resumo O objetivo do artigo é caracterizar a linguagem utilizada nos materiais educativos e comunicacionais vinculados à temática das IST, do HIV/Aids e hepatites virais produzidos e veiculados pelo Ministério da Saúde no período de 2010 a 2019, identificando elementos de promoção à saúde e de prevenção de doenças. Metodologia descritiva exploratória para a caracterização da linguagem utilizada nos materiais educativos e comunicacionais sobre as IST, do HIV/Aids e hepatites virais. Para a seleção dos materiais educativos, adotou-se a estratégia de busca sistemática realizada no site do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil por um período de dez anos: de 2010 a 2019. Os materiais foram observados por meio dos enfoques educativos. O enfoque preventivo foi identificado em 100% dos materiais analisados (201). O enfoque educativo foi encontrado em 24,87% (50) dos materiais, e o enfoque de desenvolvimento pessoal foi encontrado em 7,96% (16). Os enfoques radical e da educação popular em saúde não foram observados. A atenção quase exclusiva ao enfoque preventivo revela que cuidados individuais isoladamente não são suficientes para combater e sanar o problema das IST, do HIV/Aids e das hepatites virais no Brasil.

Resumen: Este estudio evaluó la asociación del peso al nacer, la edad gestacional y el crecimiento intrauterino con la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) a los 22 y 30 años de edad, en las Cohortes de Nacimiento de 1982 y 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La DMO se midió mediante absorciometría de rayos X de doble emisión (DXA), y la asociación se evaluó mediante ANOVA y regresión lineal múltiple para controlar la confusión por sexo, ingresos familiares al nacer, tabaquismo materno durante el embarazo, escolaridad materna, color de piel materno e índice de masa corporal antes del embarazo. Se comprobó si la grasa corporal en la edad adulta era un mediador de la asociación analizada, utilizando G-computation Formula. Se evaluaron 6.803 participantes de las cohortes 82 y 93, de 30 y 22 años, respectivamente. El peso al nacer se asoció con la DMO en todos los sitios, con la mayor diferencia en el cuello femoral. Los nacidos con un peso inferior a 2.000g tuvieron una media de -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO en el cuello femoral, que aquellos con más de 3.500g. Aquellos con una puntuación z de crecimiento intrauterino de al menos 1,28 desviaciones estándar por debajo de la media presentaron un promedio de -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO en la columna lumbar, con relación a aquellos con un puntaje z superior a la media. El análisis de mediación mostró que la grasa corporal en la edad adulta no medió la asociación. Las condiciones de nacimiento se asociaron con la DMO en la edad adulta, y la identificación temprana de factores relacionados con la pérdida de DMO es esencial debido a la inversión demográfica que ha estado ocurriendo en los países de ingresos medios y bajos.

Abstract: This study assessed the association of birth weight, gestational age, and intrauterine growth with bone mineral density (BMD) at 22 and 30 years of age in the 1982 and 1993 birth cohorts in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the association was assessed using analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding factors: sex; household income at birth; maternal smoking during pregnancy; maternal schooling; maternal ethnicity/skin color; and pre-pregnancy body mass index. The study tested whether body fat in adulthood was a mediator of the association analyzed, using the G-computation Formula. A total of 6,803 participants from the 1982 and 1993 cohorts were evaluated at 30 and 22 years of age, respectively. Birth weight was associated with BMD at all sites, with a greater difference at the femoral neck. Individuals born weighing less than 2,000g had on average -0.036g/cm2 (95%CI: -0.064; -0.008) of BMD in the femoral neck than individuals weighing more than 3,500g. Individuals with an intrauterine growth z-score at least 1.28 standard deviation below the mean had an average of -0.013g/cm2 (95%CI: -0.024; -0.002) of BMD in the lumbar spine compared with individuals with an above-average z-score. The mediation analysis showed that body fat in adulthood did not mediate the association. Birth conditions have been associated with BMD in adulthood and the identification of early factors related to bone loss is essential due to the demographic inversion that has been taking place in low- and middle-income countries.

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a associação do peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e crescimento intrauterino com a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) aos 22 e 30 anos, nas coortes de nascimentos de 1982 e 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A DMO foi medida por absorciometria por raios X com dupla energia (DXA), a associação foi avaliada usando análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla para o controle de confundimento por: sexo, renda familiar ao nascer, tabagismo materno na gestação, escolaridade materna, cor da pele materna e índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional. Foi testado se a gordura corporal na vida adulta era mediadora da associação analisada, por meio da G-computation Formula. Foram avaliados 6.803 participantes das coortes de 1982 e 1993, aos 30 e 22 anos, respectivamente. O peso ao nascer teve associação com a DMO em todos os sítios, com maior diferença no colo femoral. Os nascidos com menos de 2.000g apresentaram, em média, -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO no colo femoral em comparação àqueles com mais de 3.500g. Aqueles com escore-z de crescimento intrauterino com pelo menos 1,28 desvio padrão abaixo da média apresentaram, em média, -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO na coluna lombar, em relação aos com escore-z acima da média. A análise de mediação mostrou que gordura corporal na idade adulta não mediou a associação. As condições de nascimento foram associadas com a densidade mineral óssea na vida adulta, e a identificação dos fatores precoces relacionados à perda de DMO é essencial devido à inversão demográfica em progresso em países de média e baixa renda.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: With the increase in the older adult population, it is essential to identify the living and health conditions that can impact the quality of life of these individuals. OBJECTIVES: To identify the domains and factors associated with the quality of life of older adults under the Family Health Strategy program. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the municipality of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil. METHODS: We assessed 449 older adults enrolled in the Family Health Strategy program. Data were collected between April and July, 2018. World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL-OLD) was used to assess the quality of life (QoL) and multiple linear regression was used to estimate the factors associated with QoL. RESULTS: The QoL domain with the highest score was death and dying (mean = 70.4), and the lowest score was for sensory functions (mean = 61.0 points). The factors associated with QoL were single marital status (β = -4.55; P = 0.014), level of independence for daily living activities (β = 4.92; P < 0.001), self-assessment of regular health (β = 5.35; P < 0.001), and poor health (β = -8.67; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The death and dying domain of QoL presented the highest score. Marital status, impairment in daily activities, and health self-assessment were associated with QoL.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: A bibliometric analysis covering only the production of original studies or considering world production until 2022 has yet to be conducted. The creation and advancement of vaccines have also influenced research priorities, demonstrating the need for a new approach to this subject. OBJECTIVES: To analyze worldwide scientific production related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the aged and to describe what has already been produced. DESIGN AND SETTING: Bibliometric analysis with a quantitative approach. METHOD: The search terms “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “Aged,” and “Elderly” were used to retrieve articles from the Web of Science database. A total of 684 articles were included in the analysis. Data were imported into RStudio Desktop Software and linked to R Software. The Bibliometrix R package and VOSviewer software were used for analysis. RESULTS: Most articles were published in 2020. These were produced by 4,937 authors and published in 379 journals. The keyword most used by the authors was “COVID-19.” Publications from 77 countries were obtained. China had the highest article production ranking, and Spain collaborated the most. The articles addressed the implications of the pandemic on the aged, the relationship between vaccination in the aged, and the implications for the disease itself. CONCLUSION: Further research should be conducted, mainly concerning vaccines and vaccination of the aged, owing to the need for and importance of immunization in this risk group, including assessing the long-term effects of vaccines.

ABSTRACT Purpose To describe the panorama of children’s hearing health in the Unified Health System of the state of Sergipe. Methods A quantitative and retrospective study consisting of four steps: 1) Search the National Registry of Health Establishments of institutions affiliated to the Health Unic System in the state of Sergipe that perform obstetric services and hearing health services; 2) Collecting Neonatal Hearing Screening (NHS) coverage data through DATASUS (from 2012 to 2020); 3) Data collection from medical records of institutions with obstetrics and that perform NHS; and 4) Interview with the guardians of children undergoing auditory rehabilitation. The results were summarized using descriptive statistics (absolute and relative frequency, measures of central tendency, and dispersion). Results Only one out of the 29 establishments with obstetrics performs NHS. Two of the Hearing Health Reference Centers (HHRC) are qualified for cochlear implants and two Specialized Centers are qualified for Rehabilitation. From 2012 to 2020, NHS coverage in the state was less than 40%, and when performed in the maternity ward, there were no referrals for Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response (BERA) and audiological diagnosis. The HHRC showed considerable coverage and a lower evasion rate to perform BERA, with a diagnosis rate of 4.8%. The mean time from the NHS to rehabilitation was longer than recommended. Conclusion NHS coverage must be increased, adjusting the hearing health network to articulate the different levels of care, and reducing the time for identification, diagnosis, and start of rehabilitation.

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever o panorama da saúde auditiva infantil no Sistema Único de Saúde do estado de Sergipe. Método Estudo quantitativo e retrospectivo, composto por quatro etapas: 1) Busca no Cadastro Nacional de Estabelecimento de Saúde das instituições conveniadas ao Sistema Único de Saúde no estado de Sergipe que realizam serviços obstétricos e dos serviços que atuam na saúde auditiva; 2) Obtenção de dados de cobertura da Triagem Auditiva Neonatal (TAN), por meio do DATASUS (de 2012 a 2020); 3) Coleta de dados em prontuários das instituições com obstetrícia e/ou que realizam a TAN; e 4) Entrevista aos responsáveis das crianças em reabilitação auditiva. Os resultados foram sumarizados por meio de estatística descritiva (frequência absoluta e relativa, medidas de tendência central e de dispersão). Resultados Dos 29 estabelecimentos com obstetrícia, um realiza a TAN. Há dois Centros de Referência em Saúde Auditiva (CRSA) com habilitação para implante coclear e dois Centros Especializados em Reabilitação. De 2012 a 2020 a cobertura da TAN no estado foi inferior a 40% e quando realizada na maternidade, houve ausência de encaminhamentos para a realização do Potencial Evocado Auditivo de Tronco Encefálico (PEATE) e do diagnóstico audiológico. Observou-se cobertura considerável no CRSA com menor taxa de evasão para realizar PEATE e com taxa de diagnóstico de 4,8%. O tempo médio da TAN universal à reabilitação foi superior ao recomendado. Conclusão Existe necessidade de aumentar a cobertura da TAN, ajustar a rede de saúde auditiva para a articulação nos diferentes níveis de atenção e diminuir o tempo para identificação, diagnóstico e início da reabilitação.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trends in vaccination coverage (VC) during the first year of life of children in Brazil. Methods: Data on VC for the first year of life from 2011 to 2020 for Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), hepatitis B, polio, pentavalent, and triple viral vaccines at the national, regional, and state levels were obtained from the Information System of the National Immunization Program. Trends were analyzed using Prais-Winsten generalized linear regression models and average annual percent change (APC) estimates. Results: Decreasing trends were observed for the BCG (APC −3.58%; p<0.05), pentavalent (APC −4.10%; p<0.05), polio (APC −2.76%; p<0.05), and triple viral (APC −2.56%; p<0.05) vaccines in the country. Hepatitis B vaccine was the only vaccine that displayed stationary behavior (APC −4.22%; p>0.05). During the study period, no increasing trends were observed in any territory or vaccine. Conclusions: This study shows a recent significant reduction and decreasing trends in VC during the first year of life of children in Brazil, indicating the need for interventions to curb this ongoing phenomenon and to recover acceptable VC rates in the country.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a tendência temporal da cobertura vacinal (CV) em crianças com idade menor ou igual a um ano no Brasil. Métodos: Foram empregados dados da CV no primeiro ano de vida de 2011 a 2020 referentes às vacinas BCG, hepatite B, poliomielite, pentavalente e tríplice viral, obtidos do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunizações (SI-PNI). Os dados estão agregados em nível nacional, regional e estadual. Para a análise de tendência foi utilizado o modelo de regressão linear generalizado de Prais-Winsten e foi calculada a variação percentual média anual (APC). Resultados: As tendências de CV para as vacinas BCG (APC −3,58%; p<0,05), pentavalente (APC −4,10%; p<0,05), poliomielite (APC −2,76%; p<0,05) e tríplice viral (APC −2,56%; p<0,05) foram decrescentes no país. Apenas para a CV da vacina contra hepatite B foi identificado comportamento estacionário (APC −4,22%; p>0,05). Nenhum território ou vacina apresentou tendência crescente para cobertura vacinal no período estudado no Brasil. Conclusões: Este estudo alerta sobre a redução expressiva das CV no primeiro ano de vida nos últimos anos no Brasil e sua tendência decrescente, sendo imperativa a adoção de intervenções com o fim de frear o fenômeno em curso e de resgatar níveis aceitáveis de CV no país.