Abstract Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi green fruits essential oil (EO) was evaluated regarding its phytochemical profile, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, and toxicity. Gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was applied to identify its constituents, thereafter the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal and fungicidal concentrations, and its antibiofilm activity were evaluated. The EO cytotoxicity was assessed in tumor and non-tumor human cells, and in vivo toxicity was evaluated in a Galleria mellonella model. The major constituents of S. terebinthifolia EO were alpha-phellandrene and beta-phellandrene. The EO had a weak activity against all strains of Candida albicans (MIC 1000μg/mL) and had no activity against non-albicans strains, bacteria, and C. albicans biofilm. Cytostatic activity against all tumor cell lines was shown. Additionally, cell viability remained at EO concentrations up to 62.5 μg/mL. At 16 mg/mL, 50% hemolysis was observed, and it had low toxicity in vivo. Overall, the S. terebinthifolia EO was characterized by low antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities, with no evidence of toxicity to human tumor and non-tumor cells.

ABSTRACT The concept of production environments, which is widely used to classify the yield potential of soils, and magnetic susceptibility (MS), is emerging as an important tool for mapping ultra-detailed areas. Given this background, this paper aims to evaluate the use of MS as a tool for the identification of areas with different potential the enhancing of sugarcane yield and quality, and the allocation of varieties. An area of 445 ha was sampled at 1 point every 7 ha, and 14 points were determined for stratified sampling following the top of the landscape. Particle size and MS of samples at depths of 0.0-0.2 and 0.2-0.4 m were analyzed. The data on yield and quality of raw material were obtained from a nine crop season database and biometry performed in the 2018/19 crop season. The multivariate analysis of historical results showed the formation of three groups with different yield and quality potential, with a difference of up to 17.28 mg of cane per hectare between the group with the highest and lowest potential, based on soil MS. An analysis of the performance of the varieties involved showed that MS is effective in identifying areas with different potential for sugarcane yield and quality, differentiating by up to 34.5 % the performance of the same variety in different MS classes and by up to 38.5 % the performance of different varieties in similar MS classes. Thus, MS is an effective tool for identifying areas with different potential for sugarcane yield and quality, and can be used for allocating varieties in the field.

Abstract: We evaluated the antifungal and antibiofilm potential of the hydroalcoholic extract of bark from Anadenanthera colubrina (vell.) Brenan, known as Angico, against Candida spp. Antifungal activity was evaluated using the microdilution technique through the Minimum Inhibitory and Fungicide Concentrations (MIC and MFC). The antibiofilm potential was tested in mature biofilms formed by Candida species and analyzed through the counting of CFU/mL and scanning electron micrograph (SEM). In vivo toxicity and therapeutic action was evaluated in the Galleria mellonella model. The treatment with the extract, in low doses, was able to reduce the growth of planktonic cells of Candida species. MIC values range between 19.5 and 39 µg/mL and MFC values range between 79 and 625 µg/mL. In addition was able to reduce the number of CFU/mL in biofilms and to cause structural alteration and cellular destruction, observed via SEM. A. colubrina showed low toxicity in the in vivo assay, having not affected the viability of the larvae at doses below 100mg/kg and high potential in the treatment of C. albicans infection. Considering its high antifungal potential, its low toxicity and potential to treatment of infections in in vivo model, A. colubrina extract is a strong candidate for development of a new agent for the treatment of oral candidiasis.

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar atributos morfológicos, físicos e químicos de solos formados a partir de arenitos no Cerrado Piauiense, na tentativa de encontrar padrões evolutivos. O estudo foi realizado em cinco perfis de solos representativos identificados como P1-RY (Neossolo Flúvico Psamítico típico - Aquents), P2-PA (Argissolo Amarelo Distrófico típico - Alfisol), P3-RL (Neossolo Litólico Distrófico fragmentário - Psamments), P4-RQ (Neossolo Quartzarênico Órtico típico - Orthents) e P5-PV (Argissolo Vermelho Distrófico Típico - Ultisol). As amostras dos solos foram submetidas à descrição morfológica e análises laboratoriais. Em geral, os solos desta região apresentaram altos teores da fração areia, baixo pH, baixo conteúdo de bases trocáveis e baixa capacidade de troca catiônica (CTC). A matéria orgânica governou a CTC na maioria dos horizontes, sugerindo uma dependência da matéria orgânica no fornecimento de cargas. Estes solos mostraram baixo grau de intemperismo, mas com ferro de alta cristalinidade. Assim, é possível afirmar que o relevo e o material de origem são os fatores de formação do solo que possuem maior influência nos atributos dos solos do Cerrado Piauiense, Brasil. Além disso, estes solos são jovens, sendo os mais evoluídos aqueles originados da Formação Piauí. Contudo, os arenitos do grupo Canindé aparentemente estão fornecendo minerais secundários diretamente da rocha ao solo.

Abstract This study characterized the morphological, physical and chemical attributes of sandstone-derived soils at the Cerrado of the Piauí State, Brazil, in order to identify evolutionary standards. The study was carried out with five representative soil profiles identified as P1-RY (Typical Flavic Psychotic Neosol - Aquents), P2-PA (Typical Dystrophic Yellow Argisol - Alfisol), P3-RL (Fragmentary Litholic Distrophic Neosol - Psammenit), P4-RQ (Typical Ortic Quartzenetic Neosol - Orthents) and P5-PV (Typical Dystrophic Red Argisol - Ultisol). Soil samples were submitted laboratory analysis described morphologically. In general, the soils presented high sand content, low pH, low content of exchangeable bases and low cation exchange capacity (CEC). Organic matter governed the CEC in most cases, suggesting dependence of organic matter in the supply of charges. These soils showed a low degree of weathering, but with iron of high crystallinity. Thus, the relief and the parent material are the major important soil-forming factors at the Cerrado of the Piauí State. Moreover, these soils are young, with the soils from the Piauí Formation being more evolved. However, the sandstones from the Canindé Group apparently are providing lithological secondary minerals for the soil.

Resumo Introdução Erosão dentária é a perda irreversível de tecido dentário, sem envolvimento bacteriano, cujo aumento de prevalência, nos últimos anos, tem sido alarmante. Objetivo Determinar a prevalência de erosão dentária, bem como fatores associados, em escolares de 06 a 13 anos, na cidade de Campina Grande, Paraíba. Material e método A seleção das escolas foi realizada por amostragem casual simples sem reposição. Após assinatura do Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido, e do Termo de Assentimento, os exames foram realizados por um examinador previamente calibrado, com a criança sentada em uma cadeira escolar, em frente ao examinador, sob luz natural. Para a determinação da presença e do grau de erosão dentária, foi utilizado o índice de BEWE. Os dados foram analisados por meio do software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS para Windows, versão 18.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, EUA) e adotou-se nível de significância de 5%. Resultado A prevalência de erosão dentária na população avaliada foi de 78,2%. Não foi possível associar a presença das lesões com os fatores socioeconômicos e dietéticos. Apenas a variável Aplicação Tópica de Flúor (ATF) apresentou relação estatisticamente significativa (p=0,012). Conclusão A alta prevalência de erosão dentária na população avaliada demonstra a necessidade da implementação de medidas assistenciais e preventivas, em curto e longo prazo.

Abstract Introduction Dental erosion is the irreversible loss of dental tissue, without bacterial involvement, whose increased prevalence in recent years has been alarming. Objective To determine the prevalence of dental erosion, as well as associated factors, in school children from 06 to 13 years of age, in the city of Campina Grande, PB. Material and method Selection of schools was performed by simple random sampling without replacement. After signing the Informed Consent Term and Assent Term, the examinations were performed by a previously calibrated examiner, with the child sitting in a school chair in front of the examiner in natural light. To determine the presence and degree of dental erosion, the BEWE index was used. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows, version 18.0, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL, USA) and a significance level of 5% was used. Result The prevalence of dental erosion in the evaluated population was 78.2%. It was not possible to associate the presence of lesions with socioeconomic and dietary factors. Only the variable Topical Application of Fluoride (TFA) presented a statistically significant relation (p = 0.012). Conclusion The high prevalence of dental erosion in the evaluated population demonstrates the need to implement preventive and preventive measures in the short and long term.