Pesquisa | SciELO

Screener, a board game supplemented with online resources, was introduced and distributed by the Brazilian Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics to postgraduate programs as an instructional tool for the process of drug discovery and development (DDD). In this study, we provided a comprehensive analysis of five critical aspects for evaluating the quality of educational games, namely: 1) description of the intervention; 2) underlying pedagogical theory; 3) identification of local educational gaps; 4) impact on diverse stakeholders; and 5) elucidation of iterative quality enhancement processes. We also present qualitative and quantitative assessments of the effectiveness of this game in 11 postgraduate courses. We employed the MEEGA+ online survey, comprising thirty-three close-ended unipolar items with 5-point Likert-type response scales, to assess student perceptions of the quality and utility of Screener. Based on 115 responses, the results indicated a highly positive outlook among students. In addition, we performed a preliminary evaluation of learning outcomes in two courses involving 28 students. Pre- and post-quizzes were applied, each consisting of 20 True/False questions directly aligned with the game's content. The analysis revealed significant improvement in students' performance following engagement with the game, with scores rising from 8.4 to 13.3 (P<0.0001, paired t-test) and 9.7 to 12.7 (P<0.0001, paired t-test). These findings underscore the utility of Screener as an enjoyable and effective tool for facilitating a positive learning experience in the DDD process. Notably, the game can also reduce the educational disparities across different regions of our continental country.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e13258

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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Out 2023, Volume 49 Nº 5 Páginas 580 - 589

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic and reduced outpatient HIV and syphilis testing in Brazil
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Seara-Morais, Gabriel J.

; Pousada, Bruna F.

; Escaleira, Fábio F.

; Doi, André Mario

; Welter, Eliane Aparecida Rosseto

; Avelino-Silva, Vivian I.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2023, Volume 27 Nº 3 elocation 102771

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background In the initial phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, strategies adopted to reduce the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2 relied on non-pharmacological interventions, including physical distancing. Mobility restrictions affected the availability and quality of care for many health conditions, including sexually transmitted infections. Objective To investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic mobility restriction on syphilis and HIV testing in outpatient settings. Methods In this study, we collected the weekly number of syphilis and HIV tests performed in a referent laboratory in São Paulo, Brazil, as well as the percentage of positive tests between January 2019 and December 2021. We also retrieved data on retail and recreation mobility in São Paulo city using Google COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. We explored the association between populational mobility and the number of weekly tests and the association between the number of weekly tests and the percentage of positive results during the pandemic period. The analyses were conducted separately for syphilis and HIV tests. Results We found that mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic have been associated with a significant decrease in both syphilis and HIV tests performed in outpatient settings. We also observed that the number of tests performed was inversely associated with the percentage of positive results for syphilis; this association was also apparent for HIV tests in the first wave of the pandemic in the graphic analysis. Conclusion Taken together, our findings suggest an indirect impact of COVID-19 pandemic-related mobility restrictions on the uptake of diagnostic tests for HIV and syphilis and the potential adoption of targeted-testing strategies. Understanding the extent and complexity of COVID-19 aftermaths on specific conditions and communities is essential to build strategies to mitigate the long-term consequences of COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2023.102771

Copper Binary and Ternary Alloys as Anticorrosive Coatings for Carbon Steel in a Saline Medium
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Souza, Thais Machado de

; Mesquita, Gustavo Dionisio

; Loureiro, Bruno S. M.

; Dias, Lucas Ferreira da Silva

; Lago, Dalva C. B. do

; Senna, Lilian F. de

Materials Research

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2023, Volume 26 Supl. 1 elocation e20230076

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This work compares the anticorrosive properties of DC electrodeposited CuCoNi, CuCo, and CuNi alloy coatings in a NaCl 0.5 mol L-1 solution. The results showed that j and the bath composition influenced the chemical, morphological, and electrochemical characteristics of the alloy coatings. Among all the studied coatings, the CuCo, CuNi, and CuCoNi ones produced at j = 10 A m-2, j = 60 A m-2, and j = 25 A m-2, respectively, showed the best anticorrosive performances in the saline medium, exhibiting charge transfer resistances (Rtc) higher than 2000 Ω cm2 and an electrical double layer capacitances (Cdl) lower than 8 X10-4 F cm-2. These results agree with the compact morphologies and smaller grain sizes presented by these coatings. Therefore, the anticorrosive properties of the coatings cannot be related only to the less noble metal(s) contents in the alloy but also to their morphologies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0076

Stabilization of β-Galactosidase Encapsulated in Pectin-Alginate Hydrogel and Hydrolysis of Whey Lactose and Whole Milk
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Paiva, Maykon J.

; Paula-Elias, Fabrício C.

; Pereira, Luciana A.

; Carreiro, Solange C.

; Vieira-Almeida, Erika C.

; Silva, Ezequiel M.

; Dias, Giancarlo S.

; Xavier, Michelle A. C.

; Morales, Sergio A.

; Perna, Rafael F.

; Almeida, Alex F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 Nº 12 Páginas 1743 - 1752

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The operational conditions of β-galactosidase encapsulated in pectin-alginate hydrogel were investigated as well as its catalytic activity in the hydrolysis of lactose from whey and whole milk. β-Galactosidase encapsulated in pectin-alginate hydrogel showed the best results to yields and diffusional effect and pH range. Thermostability showed considerable income gain for half-life (1.7-fold), activation energy of denaturation (31.6-fold), activation of denaturation (217.3-fold at 40 ºC; 266.8-fold at 50 ºC; 345.6-fold at 60 ºC), and entropy of activation of denaturation (-42.0 J mol 1 K-1). Reusability of encapsulated β-galactosidase was observed in 8-cycles for the milk whey lactose hydrolysis (51.9%) and 7-cycles for whole milk (55.6%), and the lactose hydrolysis was observed in 13% in milk whey and 10.3% in whole milk after 10 cycles. These results revealed an industrial application potential of β-galactosidase encapsulated in pectin-alginate hydrogel for lactose hydrolysis of milk whey and whole milk processes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230067

Unlocking the molecular realm: advanced approaches for identifying clinically and environmentally relevant bacteria realm
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Silva, M.R.F. da

; Souza, K.

; Bezerra, T.

; Silva, T.

; Fernades, D.

; Silva, F.

; Araújo, L.

; Almeida, A.

; Oliveira, M.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12894

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Rapid, effective, and specific identification of clinical and environmental bacterial pathogens is of major importance for their control. Traditionally, bacteria have been identified by phenotypic methods based on morphological, biochemical, and metabolic properties. While these methods are very useful in clinical practice, they have limitations including a poor ability to differentiate within and between species and time-consuming workflows. Newly developed molecular methods can greatly improve the accuracy of taxonomic characterization, identifying specific strains of medical or environmental importance. However, due to high costs and the need for trained professionals, these methods are not yet routine in diagnostic laboratories. Thus, disseminating knowledge on advances in molecular identification techniques is pivotal to make these methodologies accessible. The objective of this work was to review and discuss current molecular techniques for bacteria identification aiming to track and monitor microbial agents in clinical and environmental samples. Rapid effective control Traditionally morphological biochemical properties practice timeconsuming time consuming workflows characterization However professionals laboratories Thus accessible samples

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12894

Effect of different pacing strategies on 4-km cycling time trial performance
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Vieira-Cavalcante, V.

; Venancio-Dallan, L.P.

; Pereira-Santana, O.

; Bertuzzi, R.

; Tomazini, F.

; Bishop, D.J.

; Cristina-Souza, G.

; Lima-Silva, A.E.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e12351

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In cycling, there is a body of evidence that supports that an all-out start strategy is superior to an even-pacing strategy, but it is unknown whether an all-out start strategy is superior to a self-paced strategy. In the present study, we investigated the effects of three different pacing strategies on 4-km cycling time trial performance. After preliminary trials (familiarization trials and a baseline 4-km cycling time trial), in a randomized and counterbalanced order, twelve male cyclists (32.3±7.2 years old, maximum rate of O2 uptake (V̇O2peak) 4.3±0.4 L/min) completed: 1) a self-paced 4-km cycling time trial; 2) an all-out start (∼10 s), followed by maintenance of the average baseline trial power for the first km and self-paced cycling for the remaining trial (all-out+mean); and 3) an all-out start (∼10 s), followed by a power 5% above the average baseline trial power for the first km and self-paced cycling for the remaining trial (all-out+5%mean). Although there was a significant interaction between power and distance (P=0.001) with different power distribution profiles throughout the trial, there was no significant difference (P=0.99) between the three strategies for overall exercise performance (self-paced 379.8±13.9 s, all-out+mean 380.0±16.0 s, and all-out+5%mean 380.2±11.5 s). Oxygen uptake, rating of perceived effort, and heart rate were also similar across the pacing strategies. Different all-out start strategies did not confer additional benefits to performance compared to a self-paced strategy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2022e12351

Impact of COVID-19 on education, health and lifestyle behaviour of Brazilian urology residents
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Prezotti, José Antonio

; Henriques, João Victor T.

; Favorito, Luciano A.

; Canalini, Alfredo F.

; Machado, Marcos G.

; Brandão, Thulio B. V.

; Barbosa, Akemi M. V.

; Moromizato, Julyana K. M.

; Anzolch, Karin M. J.

; Fernandes, Roni de C.

; Rodrigues, Fransber R. A.

; Bellucci, Carlos H. S.

; Silva, Caroline S.

; Pompeo, Antonio Carlos L.

; Bessa Jr., Jose de

; Gomes, Cristiano M.

International braz j urol

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Ago 2021, Volume 47 Nº 4 Páginas 753 - 776

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on clinical and surgical practice, educational activities, health and lifestyle behavior of Brazilian urology residents. Materials and Methods: A web-based survey was sent to 468 Brazilian urology residents from postgraduate years (PGY) 3 to 5 to collect data on clinical practice and training after 4 months of COVID-19. We also assessed health-related and behavior changes, rate of infection by SARS-CoV-2, deployment to the front line of COVID-19, residents’ concerns, and access to personal protective equipment (PPE). Results: Massive reductions in elective and emergency patient consultations, diagnostic procedures and surgeries were reported across the country, affecting PGY 3 to 5 alike. Most in-person educational activities were abolished. The median damage to the urological training expected for 2020 was 6.0 [3.4 – 7.7], on a scale from 0 to 10, with senior residents estimating a greater damage (P< 0.001). Educational interventions developed included online case-based discussions, subspeciality conferences and lectures, and grand rounds. Most senior residents favored extending residency to compensate for training loss and most younger residents favored no additional training (p< 0.001). Modifications in health and lifestyle included weight gain (43.8%), reduced physical activity (68.6%), increased alcoholic intake (44.9%) and cigarette consumption (53.6%), worsening of sexual life (25.2%) and feelings of sadness or depression (48,2%). Almost half were summoned to work on the COVID-19 front-line and 24.4% had COVID-19. Most residents had inadequate training to deal with COVID-19 patients and most reported a shortage of PPE. Residents’ concerns included the risk of contaminating family members, being away from residency program, developing severe COVID-19 and overloading colleagues. Conclusions: COVID-19 had a massive impact in Brazilian urology residents´ training, health and lifestyle behavior, which may reflect what happened in other medical specialties. Studies should confirm these findings to help developing strategies to mitigate residents’ losses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2021.99.09 170 downloads

Quercetin as a nephroprotector after warm ischemia: histomorphometric evaluation in a rodent model
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Gonçalves, Gabriela F. Buys

; Silva, Maria Eduarda M.

; Sampaio, Francisco J. B.

; Pereira-Sampaio, Marco A.

; Souza, Diogo Benchimol de

International braz j urol

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Ago 2021, Volume 47 Nº 4 Páginas 796 - 802

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To quantitatively evaluate the possible long-term protective effects of quercetin during renal warm ischemia. Materials and Methods: Male rats were allocated into 4 groups: sham (S), sham quercetin (SQ), ischemia (I), and ischemia quercetin (IQ). Groups SQ and IQ received quercetin (50mg/kg) before and after surgery. Groups I and IQ had their left renal vessels clamped for 60 minutes. All animals were euthanized four weeks after the procedure, and serum urea and creatinine levels were measured. Renal weight and volume, cortex-non-cortex area ratio (C-NC), cortical volume (CV), glomerular volumetric density (Vv[glom]), volume-weighted glomerular volume (VWGV) and number of glomeruli per kidney (N[glom]) were evaluated by stereological methods. Results were considered statistically significant when p <0.05. Results: Serum urea levels in group I increased by 10.4% in relation to group S, but no differences were observed among the other groups. The C-NC of group I was lower than those of all other groups, and group IQ had similar results to sham groups. The Vv[glom] and N[glom] of group I were lower than those of group S (33.7% and 28.3%, respectively) and group IQ had no significant difference compared to the S group. Conclusions: Quercetin was effective as a nephroprotective agent in preventing the glomerular loss observed when the kidney was subjected to warm ischemia. This suggests that this flavonoid may be used preventively in kidney surgery, when warm ischemia is necessary, such as partial nephrectomy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.0358 95 downloads

10.

Impact of COVID-19 on clinical practice, income, health and lifestyle behavior of Brazilian urologists
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Gomes, Cristiano M.

; Favorito, Luciano A.

; Henriques, João Victor T.

; Canalini, Alfredo F.

; Anzolch, Karin M. J.

; Fernandes, Roni de C.

; Bellucci, Carlos H. S.

; Silva, Caroline S.

; Wroclawski, Marcelo L.

; Pompeo, Antonio Carlos L.

; Bessa Jr., Jose de

International braz j urol

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Dez 2020, Volume 46 Nº 6 Páginas 1042 - 1071

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on clinical practice, income, health and lifestyle behavior of Brazilian urologists during the month of April 2020. Materials and Methods A 39-question, web-based survey was sent to all urologist members of the Brazilian Society of Urology. We assessed socio-demographic, professional, health and behavior parameters. The primary goal was to evaluate changes in urologists’ clinical practice and income after two months of COVID-19. We also looked at geographical differences based on the incidence rates of COVID-19 in different states. Results Among 766 urologists who completed the survey, a reduction ≥ 50% of patient visits, elective and emergency surgeries was reported by 83.2%, 89.6% and 54.8%, respectively. An income reduction of ≥ 50% was reported by 54.3%. Measures to reduce costs were implemented by most. Video consultations were performed by 38.7%. Modifications in health and lifestyle included weight gain (32.9%), reduced physical activity (60.0%), increased alcoholic intake (39.9%) and reduced sexual activity (34.9%). Finally, 13.5% of Brazilian urologists were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and about one third required hospitalization. Urologists from the highest COVID-19 incidence states were at a higher risk to have a reduction of patient visits and non-essential surgeries (OR=2.95, 95% CI 1.86 – 4.75; p< 0.0001) and of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 (OR=4.36 95%CI 1.74-10.54, p=0.012). Conclusions COVID-19 produced massive disturbances in Brazilian urologists’ practice, with major reductions in patient visits and surgical procedures. Distressing consequences were also observed on physicians’ income, health and personal lives. These findings are probably applicable to other medical specialties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.99.15 3190 downloads

11.

Propuesta de mejora de rentabilidad mediante la optimización de procesos en el montaje de estaciones de radio base del tipo FAST SITE, llave en mano y colocalizado de una empresa del sector de telecomunicaciones
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Da Silva-Zárate, J

; Narváez-Benítez, F. C.

Revista Científica de la UCSA

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Dez 2020, Volume 7 Nº 3 Páginas 29 - 46

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The purpose of this research work was to give a proposal for improving profitability, having as a premise the optimization of processes in the assembly, specifically of three types of radio base stations: Fast site, turnkey and colocalized of a company in the telecommunications area, and thus avoid fines for delay of works, derived from the lack of availability of materials and considering that the current system of work does not allow quantifying the cost of assembly of the stations. The development of the research of descriptive scope consisted of the collection of information corresponding to técnica notebooks, investigations, the analysis of the industry starting from the data collection, as well as interviews to the engineering personnel of the industry. The study determined the absence of a minimum inventory of materials to ensure the continuity of the execution of the assembly of the radio base stations, this due to the fact that they did not have any control over the materials to be used, for that reason it was concluded that for the improvement of the profitability in the assembly a work method with a continuous flow must be established, with a minimum inventory of materials in deposit, the design of a standard list of materials required by each type of station and a method of measurement and control that allows the generation of information that serves as feedback to the entire set of processes that are part of the assembly of a radio base station of each type mentioned above.

RESUMEN El propósito de este trabajo de investigación fue dar una propuesta de mejora de rentabilidad, teniendo como premisa la optimización de procesos en el montaje, específicamente de tres tipos de estaciones de radio base: Fast site, llave en mano y colocalizado de una empresa del rubro de las telecomunicaciones, y de ese modo evitar multas por retraso de obras, derivados de la falta de disponibilidad de materiales y considerando que el sistema de trabajo actual no permite cuantificar el costo del montaje de las estaciones. El desarrollo de la investigación de alcance descriptivo consistió en la recolección de información correspondientes a cuadernos técnicos, investigaciones, el análisis de la industria partiendo del relevamiento de datos, así como también entrevistas al personal de Ingeniería de la industria. El estudio determinó la ausencia de un inventario de materiales mínimo para asegurar la continuidad de la ejecución del montaje de las estaciones de radio base, esto debido a que no disponían de ningún control sobre los materiales a utilizar, para ello se concluyó que para el mejoramiento de la rentabilidad en el montaje se debe establecer un método de trabajo con permita un flujo continuo, con un inventario mínimo de materiales en depósito, el diseño de un listado estándar de materiales necesarios por cada tipo de estación y un método de medición y control que permita generar información que sirva como retroalimentación a todo el conjunto de procesos que forman parte del montaje de una estación de radio base de cada tipo citado anteriormente.

https://doi.org/10.18004/ucsa/2409-8752/2020.007.03.029 590 downloads

12.

Serum tissue factor as a biomarker for renal clear cell carcinoma
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Silva, Daniel D’Oliveira

; Noronha, Jorge A. P.

; Costa, Bartira E. Pinheiro da

; Zandona, Pedro Caetano Edler

; Carvalhal, Gustavo F.

International braz j urol

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Fev 2018, Volume 44 Nº 1 Páginas 38 - 44

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose to determine the usefulness of serum TF as a potential marker for patients with clear cell RCC. Materials and Methods prospective study of 30 patients with clear cell RCC submitted to nephrectomy and 16 controls without clear cell RCC treated surgically for other conditions. TF is a endothelium marker that was correlated with worse prognosis in a variety of solid tumors including RCC. Serum TF was collected before surgery at the operating room and in the postoperative setting after at least four weeks. Serum samples were analyzed with a commercial ELISA kit for human TF (R&D Systems®). Results Mean preoperative serum TF levels in clear cell RCC patients and in controls were 66.8 pg/dL and 28.4 pg/dL, respectively (p<0.001). Mean postoperative serum TF levels in clear cell RCC patients were 26.3 pg/dL. In all patients with clear cell RCC postoperative serum levels of TF were lower, with a mean reduction of 41.6 pg/dL in the postoperative setting (p<0.001). Linear regression revealed that tumor size was correlated with the postoperative reduction of serum TF levels (p=0.037). Conclusions We have shown a 3-fold reduction in the median preoperative serum levels of TF in patients with clear cell RCC after surgery. We have also shown a difference of the same magnitude in the serum levels of TF compared with those of a control group of patients with benign diseases. TF appears to be a useful serum marker for the presence of clear cell RCC. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0007 545 downloads

13.

Impact of testicular sperm extraction and testicular sperm aspiration on gonadal function in an experimental rat model
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Barroso, Leocácio Venícius Sousa

; Reges, Ricardo

; Cerqueira, João Batista Gadelha

; Miranda, Eduardo P.

; Alcantara, Rafael Jorge Alves de

; Jamacaru, Francisco Vagnaldo F.

; Moraes, Manoel Odorico de

; Medeiros, Maria Angelina da Silva

; Gonzaga-Silva, Lúcio Flávio

International braz j urol

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Fev 2018, Volume 44 Nº 1 Páginas 172 - 179

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose To assess the impact of sperm retrieval on the gonadal function of rats with impaired spermatogenesis by comparing testicular sperm extraction (TESE) to aspiration (TESA). The efficacy of these procedures to sperm obtainment was also compared. Materials and Methods A pilot study showed impaired spermatogenesis, but normal testosterone (T) production after a bilateral orchidopexy applied to 26 rats, which were randomly assigned into four groups: TESE (n=7), TESA (n=7), SHAM (n=6) and Control (n=6). The T levels were measured through comparative analysis after the orchidopexy. Results There was no statistical difference in the animal's baseline T levels after orchidopexy in comparison to the controls: the TESE and TESA groups, 6.66±4.67ng/mL; the SHAM group (orchidopexy only), 4.99±1.96ng/mL; and the Control, 4.75±1.45ng/mL, p=0.27. Accordingly, no difference was found in the postoperative T levels: TESE, 5.35±4.65ng/mL; TESA, 3.96±0.80ng/mL; SHAM, 3.70±1.27ng/mL; p=0.4. The number of sperm cells found through TESE (41.0±7.0) was significantly larger than that found through TESA (21.3±8.1, p=0.001). Moreover, higher tissue weight was found through TESE (0.09±0.02g versus 0.04±0.04g, p=0.04). Conclusions The testicular sperm capture performed in rats through extraction or aspiration, after orchidopexy, did not significantly decrease the T levels. The amount of sperm found through testicular sperm extraction was higher than that through testicular sperm aspiration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2016.0652 704 downloads

14.

Variabilidade Genética em Populações Naturais de Cassia grandis L. f.
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Gois, Itamara Bomfim

; Ferreira, Robério Anastácio

; Silva-Mann, Renata

Floresta e Ambiente

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2018, Volume 25 Nº 4 elocation e20160309

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O delineamento de estratégias para a conservação genética de uma espécie requer o conhecimento de aspectos ecológicos e genéticos de suas populações. Assim, este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de caracterizar, por meio de marcadores isoenzimáticos, populações naturais de Cassia grandis L.f. A diversidade genética foi analisada a partir das frequências alélicas ( P ^ i j ) e dos Índices de diversidade: Heterozigose média observada ( H ^ 0 ) e esperada ( H ^ e ), número médio de alelos por loco ( A ^ ) e porcentagem de locos polimórficos ( P ^); e a estrutura genética por meio das estatísticas F de Wright. Foram estimados o fluxo gênico, o tamanho efetivo das populações e a população mínima viável a curto e longo prazo. Com base nos resultados observados pode-se concluir que as populações estudadas de C. grandis estão estruturadas, o que pode ser comprovado pela observação de alelos raros e exclusivos e da alta diversidade genética entre as mesmas.

ABSTRACT The design of strategies for genetic conservation requires knowledge of the ecologic and genetics aspects of the target species populations. This work aimed to characterize genetically natural populations of Cassia grandis L. F. using isozymes. Genetic diversity was analyzed by allele frequencies ( P ^ i j ) and the following diversity indexes: observed ( H ^ e ) and expected ( H ^ e )average heterozygosity, average number of alleles per locus ( A ^ ) and percentage of polymorphic loci ( P ^); and the genetic structure of populations by Wright's statistics. We estimated gene flow, population effective size and the minimum viable population in the short and long time. The observed results conclude that the studied populations of C. grandis are structured, which can be demonstrated by observation of rare and exclusive alleles, and high genetic diversity among them.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2179-8087.160309 1821 downloads

15.

Análise comparativa da morfometria do casco de bovinos das raças Nelore, Curraleira e Pantaneira e de bubalinos e sua relação com a etiopatogenia das enfermidades digitais
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Silva, Luiz A.F.

; Campos, Suyan B.S.

; Rabelo, Rogério E.

; Vulcani, Valcinir A.S.

; Noronha Filho, Antônio Dionísio F.

; Freitas, Sabrina L.R. de

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Abr 2015, Volume 35 Nº 4 Páginas 377 - 384

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O estudo morfométrico dos dígitos de bovinos e bubalinos pode colaborar para o entendimento da etiopatogenia das enfermidades podais. Este estudo objetivou descrever as características morfométricas dos dígitos de bovinos das raças Curraleira (Bos taurus), Pantaneira (Bos taurus), Nelore (Bos indicus) e de bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis) da raça Murrah e estabelecer possível relação entre tais medidas e a ocorrência de enfermidades digitais. Na pesquisa foram utilizados dez animais, saudáveis, de cada raça e espécie. Foram avaliados dois membros de cada animal, sendo um torácico e outro pélvico, totalizando 80 extremidades distais. As medidas morfométricas foram obtidas com auxílio de um paquímetro mecânico graduado e os ângulos das pinças conferidos por meio de transferidor metálico. Os principais parâmetros digitais avaliados foram o ângulo dorsal do casco (A), comprimento da parede dorsal (B), altura do talão (C), altura da pinça (D), comprimento do casco (E), comprimento diagonal do casco (F), largura do dígito lateral (G), largura do dígito medial (H), comprimento do dígito lateral (I) e comprimento do dígito medial (J). Para a comparação de médias dos resultados obtidos entre as raças foi utilizado o teste de Tukey (p<0,05). A análise multivariada para as representações gráficas das variáveis canônicas foi empregada para expressar a similaridade das medidas estudadas entre os grupos, no qual se utilizou o software R. Os resultados revelaram que os bubalinos apresentam as maiores medidas morfométricas para as variáveis B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I e J e apenas na variável A apresentaram medidas inferiores entre as diferentes raças de bovinos estudadas. Existe similaridade entre as três raças de bovinos estudadas em relação às variáveis, altura da pinça (D), largura do dígito lateral (G) e largura do dígito medial (H) as quais se distanciam dos valores encontrados para essas variáveis nos bubalinos, Concluiu que a morfometria digital pode influenciar na ocorrência de enfermidades digitais, mas não age como fator isolado, necessitando da interação com outros fatores estruturais, ambientais e de manejo para a manifestação dessas doenças.

Morfometric studies of bovine and buffalo digits can help to understand the etiopathogeny of digital diseases. This study described morphometric characteristics of digits of Curraleira (Bos taurus), Pantaneira (Bos taurus) Nelore (Bos indicus) breeds of cattle and Murrah buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and stablish possible relation among the parameters and digital infirmities. Were used ten animals of each breed and specie. Two limbs were evaluated, a toracic and a pelvic, in a total of 80 distal limbs. Morphometric measurements were obtained using a graduated paquimeter and angles using a metallic protactor. The main parameters evaluated were hoof dorsal angle (A), dorsal wall length (B), heel height (C), toe height (D), hoof length (E), hoof diagonal hoof (F), lateral digit width (H), medial digit width (I) and medial digit length (J). For results averages comparison among breeds were used Tukey test (p<0,05). Multivariate analysys for graphic representations of canonic variables was used to express similarity of measures studied among groups, using R software. Results shows tha bubaline present higher morphometric measures for the variables B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J, only for variable A presented lower measures comparing the bovine breeds studied. There is similarity between the three breeds of cattle studied about toe height (D), lateral digit width (G) and medial digit width (H), which differed of values observed in buffalo. It was concluded that digital morphometry can influence the occurence of digital infirmities, but doesn´t act as an isolated factor, needing interaction of other structural, environmental and management factors for its occurence.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2015000400011 3361 downloads

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