Abstract Numerical and experimental analysis of visible light communication (VLC) systems based on orthogonal chirp division multiplexing (OCDM) and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) are presented in this paper. Unlike most of the related publications, in this work we numerically compared OCDM and OFDM based VLC systems with the same equalization process, i.e., employing an one tap equalizer (OTE) in both systems. Simulation results in line-of-sight VLC channels show that both systems have the same performance when baseband multicarrier signals are used. The impact of the optical modulation index and the bias current of a previously characterized light-emitting diode were also evaluated. Nevertheless, the experimental demonstrations, in which bandpass signals were used due to the bandpass characteristic of the exploited setup, show that OFDM-based system outperforms the VLC links with OCDM signals, when the OTE equalizer is used in both systems. The performance of the OCDM-based system was improved by using a zero forcing frequency domain equalizer. (VLC (OCDM (OFDM paper publications process ie i e i.e. (OTE lineofsight line sight lightemitting emitting evaluated Nevertheless demonstrations setup OFDMbased OCDMbased i.e

Abstract This paper presents the propagation channel characteristics of a digital TV single-frequency network (SFN) obtained by carrying out field measurements using two synchronized transmitters. The measurements are performed at 31 reception points using both a directive reception antenna, which is typical of fixed reception scenarios, and an omnidirectional antenna, which is used to receive mobile signals. The characteristic parameters of the channel are obtained, including the average delay, the root mean square (RMS) delay spread, and the Rician K-factor, which are important for the design of SFN systems. An empirical expression is obtained for the prediction of the RMS delay spread as a function of the K factor and the distances to the transmission antennas.

Abstract Nowadays, communication and networking technologies are essential for Oil & Gas industries in order to guarantee reliability, safety and low costs in the producing process. Information access and commands and set-points transmission from/to automation systems are challenging tasks mainly due to distributed production areas and hostile environments. This paper presents a field trial of broadband power line communication over an overhead medium voltage grid as a data transport employing 200 Mb/s BPL modems. Throughput, frequency response, physical speed and latency are some of the investigated network parameters. Experimental results obtained after propagation through 1.63 km of a multipath MV power grid reveal the viability of the BPL technology as an access network for video and automation data transport in onshore Oil & Gas industries.

Stemodinol, a new natural compound, together with known compounds including jaceidin, stemodin, stemodinoside B, isocrenatoside, verbascoside, crenatoside, and isoverbascoside, were isolated from Stemodia maritima Linn. The antioxidant (DPPH method) and antimicrobial activities of stemodin, stemodinoside B, and crenatoside were investigated. Among the components tested, only crenatoside isolated from the roots showed a high antioxidant power. Stemodin and stemodinoside B exhibited antibacterial activities.

O controle químico eficiente da ferrugem asiática da soja depende da correta seleção da ponta de pulverização. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o efeito da utilização de diferentes pontas de pulverização na aplicação de fungicida para o controle da ferrugem da soja. O ensaio foi conduzido no delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial (4 x 2) + 1: quatro tipos de ponta de pulverização (jato plano defletor duplo, jato plano duplo com pré-orifício e jato cônico vazio com e sem indução de ar), dois volumes de aplicação (150 e 200 L ha-1) e um tratamento adicional que não recebeu fungicida. Realizou-se a semeadura direta da cultivar de soja M-SOY 8008 (ciclo precoce), avaliando-se, após a aplicação do fungicida tebuconazole, a deposição de calda no dossel da cultura, a severidade da ferrugem, o grau de desfolha e a produtividade. Concluiu-se que não houve influência dos tipos de pontas de pulverização e dos volumes de calda no controle da ferrugem. Na parte inferior do dossel, a cobertura proporcionada com a utilização das quatro pontas foi inferior a 7% da área, sendo, portanto, necessário buscar estratégias que incrementem essa deposição. O fungicida reduziu a severidade da ferrugem da soja, o que refletiu na produtividade, que foi, em média, 157% superior à obtida na testemunha.

Soybean rust chemical control depends on the correct selection of the spray nozzles. This study evaluated the spray nozzle effect on soybean rust control application. A randomized complete-block design with four replications was used, in a factorial model (4 x 2) + 1: four spray nozzles (hollow cone spray nozzles, with and without air induction, pre-orifice twin flat fan and turbo twin flat fan), two spray volumes (150 and 200 L ha-1) and the control (non-treated plot). M-SOY 8008 soybean (early cycle) was sown. After the application of the fungicide tebuconazole, with the different nozzles and volume rates, the spray deposition on the plant canopy, rust severity, defoliation level and yield were evaluated. The results showed that there was no influence of the nozzle type neither of the application volume in rust control. In the canopy lower part, the coverage obtained with the four nozzles was less than 7% of the area, therefore, it is necessary to find strategies to increase that deposition. The fungicide decreased rust severity, increasing soybean yield, which was, on average, 157% greater than that obtained in the control.

As variações da resistência do solo à penetração, no cultivo mínimo (escarificação mais semeadura) e plantio direto, foram avaliadas em um Latossolo Roxo distrófico (Oxisol, segundo a Soil Taxonomy) com textura argilosa, com os teores de água do solo de 33, 37 e 39%, na cultura do milho. Determinou-se a resistência do solo à penetração antes e imediatamente após o preparo do solo e após a colheita, em que os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir-se que tanto os teores de água do solo como os sistemas de cultivo revelaram efeito significativo na resistência do solo à penetração, após o preparo. O teor de água, de 33%, propiciou redução da resistência do solo à penetração, em ambos os sistemas, com maior redução no sistema de cultivo mínimo e os teores de 37 e 39% propiciaram aumento da resistência do solo nos dois sistemas de cultivo, com acréscimo maior no sistema de plantio direto.

The effect of tillage systems (minimum-tillage and no-tillage) and water contents (33, 37 and 39%) on the soil strength was evaluated on the Oxisol, with the corn yield. The resistance of the soil to penetration was determined before the tillage and immediately after the tillage and after the harvest. The results obtained permit to conclude that the water contents of the soil, as well as the tillage systems affected significantly the resistance of the soil to the penetration after the tillage. The water content of 33% caused a reduction of the soil penetration resistance, in both systems, with larger reduction in the system of the minimum-tillage. The water content of 37 and 39% caused an increase of the soil penetration resistance in both the systems with larger increment in the no-tillage system.