RESUMO Diante da cronificação da infecção pelo HIV, fatores psicossociais surgem como potencializadores para elevação dos níveis de estresse nas PVHIV, bem como para o desequilíbrio imunológico e elevação da carga viral. O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi avaliar o nível de estresse, a contagem de linfócitos TCD4 + e a carga viral de pessoas vivendo com HIV submetidas a TARV, atendidas em um hospital público universitário. Tratou-se de um estudo observacional, transversal com 25 pacientes (40,76 anos± 9,88 anos) que vivem com HIV atendidos no ambulatório de um hospital público do Rio de Janeiro. Foi utilizado um questionário sociodemográfico para caracterização da amostra, o estresse foi avaliado através do Inventário de Sintomas de Stress de LIPP e observados exames laboratoriais recentes. Foi identificado estresse em 68% dos participantes, com predomínio de sintomas físicos e fase de resistência. Houve maior prevalência de estresse em pessoas com baixo nível socioeconômico, desemprego e diagnóstico recente. Não foram observados menores níveis de linfócitos TCD4 + ou maior carga viral nas pessoas com estresse.

ABSTRACT Given the chronicity of HIV infection, psychosocial factors emerge as potentiators for the elevation of stress levels in PLHIV, as well as for the immunological imbalance and elevation of the viral load. The present research objective was to evaluate the stress level, TCD4+ lymphocyte count and viral load of people living with HIV undergoing ART, treated at a public university hospital. This was an observational, cross-sectional research with 25 patients (40.76 years± 9.88 years) living with HIV treated at the outpatient clinic of a public hospital in Rio de Janeiro. A sociodemographic questionnaire was used to characterise the sample. Stress was evaluated through the LIPP Stress Symptom Inventory and observed in recent laboratory tests. Stress was identified in 68% of the participants, with a predominance of physical symptoms and a resistance phase. There was a higher prevalence of stress in people with low socioeconomic status, unemployment and recent diagnosis. Lower levels of CD4+ T lymphocytes or higher viral load were not observed in people with stress.

Abstract Objective This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and synergistic effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and fosfomycin (FOSFO) on biofilms of oral bacteria associated with endodontic infections. Methodology This study determined minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentration (MIC/MBC) and fractionated inhibitory concentration (FIC) of EGCG and FOSFO against Enterococcus faecalis, Actinomyces israelii, Streptococcus mutans, and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Monospecies and multispecies biofilms with those bacteria formed in polystyrene microplates and in radicular dentin blocks of bovine teeth were treated with the compounds and control chlorhexidine (CHX) and evaluated by bacterial counts and microscopy analysis. Toxicity effect of the compounds was determined on fibroblasts culture by methyl tetrazolium assays. Results The combination of EGCG + FOSFO demonstrated synergism against all bacterial species, with an FIC index ranging from 0.35 to 0.5. At the MIC/FIC concentrations, EGCG, FOSFO, and EGCG+FOSFO were not toxic to fibroblasts. EGCG+FOSFO significantly reduced monospecies biofilms of E. faecalis and A. israelli, whereas S. mutans and F. nucleatum biofilms were eliminated by all compounds. Scanning electron microscopy of multispecies biofilms treated with EGCG, EGCG+FOSFO, and CHX at 100x MIC showed evident biofilm disorganization and substantial reduction of extracellular matrix. Confocal microscopy observed a significant reduction of multispecies biofilms formed in dentin tubules with 84.85%, 78.49%, and 50.6% of dead cells for EGCG+FOSFO, EGCG, and CHX at 100x MIC, respectively. Conclusion EGCG and fosfomycin showed a synergistic effect against biofilms of oral pathogens related to root canal infections without causing cytotoxicity.

Abstract Polyphenolics from Rhizophora mangle (R. mangle) have shown wound healing and anti- inflammatory effects that may be potentiated by being associated with ascorbic acid, an important substance for collagen and elastin synthesis that plays a role in tissue repair. In our study, we aimed to formulate an association of R. mangle and ascorbic acid in hydrogels and evaluate the association’s cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects. In a pre-formulation study, three gelling polymers (i.e.xanthan gum, poloxamer and hydroxyethyl cellulose) were tested. The selected polymer (i.e. xanthan gum) was used to evaluate cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects using flow cytometry. Xanthan gum (1.5%) had a homogeneous appearance, an orange colour, a smooth surface, intense brightness and the typical odour, as well as non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behaviour. With a pH of 5.0-5.3 and a non-cytotoxic profile, xanthan gum induced the proliferation and activation of CD4 +, CD8+ and NK T lymphocytes and the production of IL- 2, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and TNF-α cytokines in stimulated splenocytes. The results suggest that the association of R. mangle and ascorbic acid in 1.5% xanthan gum hydrogel may be promising in preparations for wound-healing processes.

Abstract Solar thermal energy is one of the ways of using solar radiation that can be applied to meet the energy needs for heating. To achieve efficient photothermal conversion, selective surfaces are applied to solar collectors to absorb more radiation and minimize heat loss. The present work produced absorber surfaces from black chromium electrodeposition on stainless steel substrate, the main parameter evaluated was the deposition time and its effect on optical and morphological properties. In this sense, the techniques of characterization UV-Vis-NIR Spectroscopy, Infrared Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, Optical Profilometry and Thermogravimetric analysis were used. It was observed a great influence of the electrodeposition time in the absorptance of the films, where films with deposition times of 2 to 10 minutes obtained absorptances greater than 92%. The metallic Cr phase was identified in the films, and it is estimated that chromium oxides may have been formed in the amorphous form. With increasing time, the roughness oscillated due to the constant nucleation of chromium throughout the process. Furthermore, a 5% mass loss indicates good thermal stability of the film up to 400 °C.

Abstract Studies have shown that Caesalpinia pulcherrima extracts promote antioxidant, healing, immunomodulating and antiparasitic activities and its polysaccharides can be used as functional food. In this sense, this work had as objective the isolation and characterization of a polysaccharide-like pectin, extracted from the C. pulcherrima leaves and its possible applications as an antioxidant and immunomodulator agent. The molecule was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Its antioxidant potential was evaluated through the methods of phosphomolybdenum, ABTS radical scavenging [2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid], DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and nitric oxide radical. The immunostimulating effects of pectin were tested in splenocytes to evaluate its toxic, proliferative and cell activator and immunomodulatory potential. The polysaccharide obtained has structural characteristics similar to pectins. Pectin showed high in vitro antioxidant activity for ABTS radical scavenging, moderate activity for phosphomolybdenum and low activity for DPPH and nitric oxide. In vitro immunomodulation assays showed that pectin obtained did not promote a cytotoxic effect (viability > 90%). The increase in cytosolic ROS levels indicates a possible mechanism of cell activation without causing damage. Immunophenotyping showed that pectin increased a subpopulation of CD8+ T lymphocytes and monocytes. In addition, it promoted a mostly pro-inflammatory response confirmed by the production of cytokines IL-2, -4, -6, IFN-γ and TNF-α. These results reinforce the ethnopharmacological use of C. pulcherrima leaves and expand the use of this plant for future applications as herbal medicines.

Abstract Effects were assessed of the dilutants TRIS and ACP - 101c® with the addition of different guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) egg yolk concentrations. Fifteen ejaculates were collected from five goats of the Anglo Nubian breed. The ejaculates were pooled and then divided into 12 groups, two control groups (GC1 TRIS, with 2.5% Gallus gallus domesticus hen egg yolk GOGD), (GC2 Control Group ACP - 101c®, with the addition of 2.5% Gallus gallus domesticus hen egg yolk GOGD) and ten experimental groups (EG), containing TRIS and ACP added with different concentrations of egg yolk from guinea hen (Numida meleagris) (TRIS 2,5% GONM; TRIS 5% GONM; TRIS 10% GONM; TRIS 15% GONM; TRIS 20% GONM; ACP® 2,5% GONM; ACP® 5% GONM; ACP® 10% GONM; ACP® 15% GONM; ACP® 20% GONM). Then cryopreservation was carried out and the samples stored in liquid nitrogen (-196 °C). After seven days, the samples were thawed and assessed for spermatic kinetics, immunofluorescence and sperm morphology. Analysis of GOMN by the CASA system showed that the various parameters were similar to those of GOGD (P>0.05). The membrane integrity, mitochondrial potential and the acrosome were not influenced by the treatment (P>0.05) nor by the dilutant used for cryopreservation (P>0.05). The spermatic morphology was also preserved by the different GOGD and GONM concentrations in the ACP® and TRIS dilutants, with no statistically significant differences (P<0.05). It was concluded that Numida meleagris egg yolk, as external membrane cryoproctant added to the dilutants ACP-101c® and TRIS, improved goat semen quality.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors associated with negative Health Perception and Quality of Life (QoL) of older adults. This was a cross-sectional study composed of 224 older adults with a median age of 70.58±6.43 years old. A questionnaire was designed to incorporate ABEP (socio-economic questionnaire), WHOQOL-bref, IPAQ, and Senior Fitness Test (SFT). Binary logistic regression with p>0.05, organized in univariate and multivariate models in SPSS version 22. Variables upper extremities poor flexibility OR = 2.43 (1.37 - 4.31) and lower extremities poor flexibility OR = 2.69 (1.54 - 4.69) were significantly associated with negative health perception. Being not financial responsible OR= 0.33 (0.12 - 0.85) presented lower odds of negative QoL perception. The variable Lower extremities poor flexibility univariate OR= 2.52 (1.45 - 4.39) and multivariate model OR= 2.42 (1.38 - 4.24) showed almost three times higher probabilities of negative QoL perception.

RESUMO Avaliar a relação do nível de atividade física com o perfil antropométrico, percepção de qualidade de vida e saúde mental em policiais militares do Estado de Sergipe (PM/SE). Estudo transversal que contou com 30 policiais militares do sexo masculino, com idade entre 28 a 40 anos. Utilizaram o pedômetro durante quatro dias, posteriormente responderam questionários sobre: Dados Demográficos, Antropométricos e Ocupacionais; IPAQ versão curta; WHOQOL; Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Estresse. Apresentaram, prevalência de policiais ativos (70%) e não apresentam sintomas para problemas que afetem a saúde mental. 66,67% relataram boa percepção e qualidade de vida e 70% estavam satisfeitos com sua saúde. Houve correlação do nível de atividade física com o estresse no dia de serviço e no primeiro dia de folga com indicadores de qualidade de vida. Houve correlação do nível de atividade do primeiro dia de folga com os domínios Físico (R=0,411; p<0,05) e do Meio Ambiente (R=0,511; p<0,05). Apresentou-se bons níveis de saúde mental. Quanto ao nível de atividade física, percebeu-se relação positiva do dia de serviço com a variável estresse. Houve relações positivas do nível de atividade do primeiro dia de folga com os domínios Físico e Meio Ambiente a respeito da Qualidade de Vida.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the level of physical activity and the anthropometric profile, perception of quality of life, and mental health in military police officers from the State of Sergipe (PM / SE). This cross-sectional study involved 30 male military police officers, aged 28 to 40 years. They used the pedometer for four days, then answered questionnaires about: Demographic, Anthropometric, and Occupational Data; IPAQ short version; WHOQOL; Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale. They had a prevalence of active police (70%) and had no symptoms for problems that affect mental health. 66.67% reported good perception and quality of life, and 70% were satisfied with their health. There was a correlation between the level of physical activity and stress on the day of service and the first day off with quality-of-life indicators. There was a correlation between the activity level of the first day off with the Physical (R = 0.411; p <0.05) and the Environment (R = 0.511; p <0.05) domains. Good levels of mental health were presented. As for the level of physical activity, there was a positive relationship between the day of service and the stress variable. There were positive relationships between the activity level of the first day off and the Physical and Environment domains regarding Quality of Life.

Abstract Aim: To investigate the hypothesis that the resistance exercise (RE) may be safer if the blood pressure (BP) is properly controlled through antihypertensive pharmacological treatment in hypertensive middle-aged women. Methods: The final sample was comprised of 19 hypertensive women, with an average age of 58±5 years and a body mass index of 29±5 Kg/m2. They were divided into three groups: controlled (n=6), uncompensated (n=8), and untreated (n=5). The subjects from all groups were submitted to a test of maximal strength on extensor chair and held a session of RE (knee extension, 3x12 to 60% 1RM) and the cardiovascular response (BP and heart rate) was monitored continuously by photoplethysmography during exercise and until five minutes after exercise (recovery). Results: Systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) responses were lower in the controlled group compared to the other groups (p<0.05). The heart rate was not different between groups, while the double product was lower in the controlled group compared to the untreated group (p<0.05). The SBP and DBP peaks were lower in the controlled group compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The BP increases significantly during RE when the hypertension is not controlled. Pharmacological control was shown to be effective in preventing the increase of BP during the performance of the RE.

Abstract Background: Autologous whole blood (AWB) administration is described as alternative/complementary medical practice widely employed in medical and veterinary therapy against infections, chronic pathologies and neoplasias. Our aim is to investigate in vivo biological effect of AWB using healthy murine models under the course of Trypanosoma cruzi acute infection. Methods: The first set of studies consisted of injecting different volumes of AWB and saline (SAL) into the posterior region of quadriceps muscle of healthy male Swiss mice under distinct therapeutic schemes evaluating: animal behavior, body and organ weight, hemogram, plasmatic biochemical markers for tissue damage and inflammatory cytokine levels and profile. To assess the impact on the experimental T. cruzi infection, different schemes (prior and post infection) and periods of AWB administration (from one up to 10 days) were conducted, also employing heterologous whole blood (HWB) and evaluating plasma cytokine profile. Results: No major adverse events were observed in healthy AWB-treated mice, except gait impairment in animals that received three doses of 20 μL AWB in the same hind limb. AWB and SAL triggered an immediate polymorphonuclear response followed by mononuclear infiltrate. Although SAL triggered an inflammatory response, the kinetics and intensity of the histological profile and humoral mediator levels were different from AWB, the latter occurring earlier and more intensely with concomitant elevation of plasma IL-6. Inflammatory peak response of SAL, mainly composed of mononuclear cells with IL-10, was increased at 24 h. According to the mouse model of acute T. cruzi infection, only minor decreases (< 30%) in the parasitemia levels were produced by AWB and HWB given before and after infection, without protecting against mortality. Rises in IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-6 were detected at 9 dpi in all infected animals as compared to uninfected mice but only Bz displayed a statistically significant diminution (p= 0.02) in TNF-alpha levels than infected and untreated mice. Conclusions: This study revealed that the use of autologous whole blood (AWB) in the acute model employed was unable to reduce the parasitic load of infected mice, providing only a minor decrease in parasitemia levels (up to 30%) but without protecting against animal mortality. Further in vivo studies will be necessary to elucidate the effective impact of this procedure.

RESUMO Pesquisa exploratória e quali-quantitativa, apoiada em pesquisa bibliográfica, que objetiva caracterizar a evolução da pesquisa científica sobre o tema “Redes” no Grupo de Trabalho 7 (GT7), entre os anos de 2011 a 2016, da Associação Nacional de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Informação (ANCIB). Discute as abordagens e teorias de Redes Sociais, como os conceitos, as tipologias e metodologias. Apresenta e discute as redes de autores que publicaram sobre “Redes” no Encontro Nacional de Pesquisa em Ciência da Informação (ENANCIB), durante o período e dentro do GT analisado. Caracteriza os pesquisadores quanto a formação acadêmica. Apresenta e discute a colaboração entre instituições. Analisa os assuntos mais abordados nas publicações. Diante dos dados quantitativos, observamos presença relevante da temática dentro do GT7, receptividade da temática em instituições de quase todo o território brasileiro, a existência de conexões com instituições estrangeiras, forte relação institucional entre os atores constituindo redes de orientação, variedade de formações acadêmicas, mas com predominância de autores com formação em CI ou áreas irmãs e ocorrência significativa de redes de coautoria nos estudos de redes.

ABSTRACT Exploratory and qualitative-quantitative research, supported by a bibliographical research, which aims to characterize the evolution of scientific research on the theme "Networks" in Working Group 7 (WG7), between the years 2011 to 2016, of the National Research Association And Post-Graduation in Information Science (ANCIB). It discusses the approaches and theories of Social Networks, such as concepts, typologies and methodologies. It presents and discusses the networks of authors that published on "Networks" in the National Meeting of Research in Information Science (ENANCIB), during the period and within the WG analyzed. It characterizes the researchers regarding the academic formation. Presents and discusses collaboration between institutions. It analyzes the issues most addressed in the publications. In view of the quantitative data, we observed the relevance of the topic within WG7, the receptivity of the topic in institutions of almost the entire Brazilian territory, the existence of connections with foreign institutions, a strong institutional relationship among the actors constituting orientation networks, a variety of academic backgrounds, But with predominance of authors with formation in CI or sister areas and significant occurrence of co-authorship networks in network studies.

Resumo Objetivo Traduzir para a língua portuguesa e validar a escala de avaliação da amamentação LATCH. Métodos Tratou-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico, por meio da tradução e validação de instrumento. Seguiu-se as etapas estabelecidas: tradução, back-translation, comitê de juízes, pré-teste e validação. O processo de validação inclui a análise de 160 mamadas de mulheres nos primeiros dias pós-parto, durante a internação hospitalar. Resultados Os resultados obtidos indicam que o instrumento LATCH traduzido para o português pode ser utilizado na avaliação do aleitamento materno pelo profissional enfermeiro, possibilitando a detecção precoce de possíveis problemas apresentados pelo binômio mãe-bebê durante a amamentação. Conclusão O estudo cumpriu o objetivo de adaptar para a língua portuguesa e verificar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento de avaliação de aleitamento materno LATCH. A validade do instrumento LATCH mede o que foi concebido para medir, sendo ele aplicável na prática clínica.

Abstract Objective To translate into Portuguese and validate the LATCH breastfeeding assessment scale. Methods This was a methodological study through translation and validation of the instrument. The following steps were followed: translation, back-translation, committee of judges, pre-test and validation. The validation process includes the analysis of 160 women in breastfeeding in the first postpartum days during hospitalization. Results The results indicate that the LATCH instrument translated into Portuguese can be used by nurses for breastfeeding assessment, enabling the early detection of possible problems presented by the mother-baby binomial during breastfeeding. Conclusion The study fulfilled the objective of adapting the LATCH breastfeeding assessment instrument to the Portuguese language and verifying its psychometric properties. The LATCH instrument validity measures what it was designed to do and is applicable in clinical practice.

Abstract Objective To translate into Portuguese and validate the LATCH breastfeeding assessment scale. Methods This was a methodological study through translation and validation of the instrument. The following steps were followed: translation, back-translation, committee of judges, pre-test and validation. The validation process includes the analysis of 160 women in breastfeeding in the first postpartum days during hospitalization. Results The results indicate that the LATCH instrument translated into Portuguese can be used by nurses for breastfeeding assessment, enabling the early detection of possible problems presented by the mother-baby binomial during breastfeeding. Conclusion The study fulfilled the objective of adapting the LATCH breastfeeding assessment instrument to the Portuguese language and verifying its psychometric properties. The LATCH instrument validity measures what it was designed to do and is applicable in clinical practice.

Resumo Objetivo Traduzir para a língua portuguesa e validar a escala de avaliação da amamentação LATCH. Métodos Tratou-se de um estudo do tipo metodológico, por meio da tradução e validação de instrumento. Seguiu-se as etapas estabelecidas: tradução, back-translation, comitê de juízes, pré-teste e validação. O processo de validação inclui a análise de 160 mamadas de mulheres nos primeiros dias pós-parto, durante a internação hospitalar. Resultados Os resultados obtidos indicam que o instrumento LATCH traduzido para o português pode ser utilizado na avaliação do aleitamento materno pelo profissional enfermeiro, possibilitando a detecção precoce de possíveis problemas apresentados pelo binômio mãe-bebê durante a amamentação. Conclusão O estudo cumpriu o objetivo de adaptar para a língua portuguesa e verificar as propriedades psicométricas do instrumento de avaliação de aleitamento materno LATCH. A validade do instrumento LATCH mede o que foi concebido para medir, sendo ele aplicável na prática clínica.

Resumo A matrícula ou inserção de idosos em Programas Comunitários de Atividade Física não garante sua permanência ao longo do tempo. Objetivou-se analisar o tempo de permanência em idosos participantes de um Programa Comunitário de Atividade Física e seus fatores associados. Estudo observacional epidemiológico de coorte retrospectiva, realizado no Nordeste do Brasil, com amostra de 526 idosos (477 do sexo feminino), apresentando 66,4 ± 5,4 anos. Para caracterização do perfil e permanência da amostra foi utilizado estatística descritiva. Para analisar o tempo de permanência utilizou-se o estimador de sobrevivência não paramétrico Kaplan-Meier. Para verificar a associação entre as variáveis no tempo observado foi aplicado o modelo de regressão de Cox. Utilizou-se a análise inversa (1/OR) para facilitar a compreensão dos valores significativos quando necessário. Em todas as análises foi utilizado o intervalo de confiança de 95% e p≤0,05. Os primeiros três meses apresentaram uma taxa de permanência de 58,1% (IC95% = 54,6 – 61,3), com Estimativa de Risco = 41,82%. O sexo feminino apresentou chance de permanência de 45% (OR = 0,69; IC95% = 0,51 – 0,93) e os sujeitos identificados com osteoporose apresentaram 32% mais chances de permanência (OR = 0,74; IC95% = 0,60 – 0,91). Apenas 1% dos sujeitos permaneceram até o fim da coorte. A taxa de permanência foi baixa ao longo da série; O período onde houve maior desistência foi o 3º e o 12º mês, estando associados à permanência o sexo feminino e osteoporose não diagnosticada.

Abstract The registration or insertion of older adults in Community Physical Activity Programs does not guarantee their stay over time. The purpose of this study was to analyze the length of stay of elderly in a Community Physical Activity Program and associated factors. This epidemiologic observational study of retrospective cohort performed in Aracaju City, Brazil, included a sample of 526 older adults (477 females) aged 66.4 ± 5.4 years. To characterize the profile and length of stay of individuals, descriptive statistics was used. To analyze the length of stay, the Kaplan-Meier non-parametric survival, estimator was used. To verify the association between variables in the observed time, the Cox regression model was applied. Inverse ratio equation (1/OR) was used to facilitate the understanding of significant values when necessary. In all analyses, 95% confidence interval and p≤0.05 were used. In the first three months, stay rate of 58.1% (95% CI = 54.6 - 61.3) was observed, with a risk estimative = 41.82%. Females presented a 45% chance of stay (OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.51 – 0.93) and individuals identified with osteoporosis had 32% more chances of stay (OR = 0.74, 95% CI, = 0.60-0.91). Only 1% of subjects remained until the end of the cohort. The stay rate was low throughout all series; the period with higher quitting rates was the 3rd and the 12th months, being associated with the female stay sex and undiagnosed osteoporosis.

High performance solar collectors are those with high selectivity surfaces, high solar radiation absorption and that do not thermally reemit to the external environment. Strategies to enhance this performance might involve surface porosity modification. In this work, a plasma treatment technique called plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) has been tested to produce porosity on aluminium surfaces in a controlled manner. The porosity control was made by varying the intensity, frequency and duty cycle of the applied voltage pulses. The aluminium sample was placed in a solution of 1 g/L Na2SiO3. Voltage of 500 V and current density of 0.17 A cm2 was applied between electrodes. Three duty cycles were used: 33.33%, 50.00% and 67.77%. After treatment, the size, number and distribution of pores were evaluated. These parameters were correlated with both surface reflectance and optical absorbance. It was possible to control the porosity by controlling the electrical parameters of the process. While the mean pore size was directly related to the duty cycle, the inverse occurred for the number of pores. Surface treated with duty cycle of 33.33% presented higher values of absorption for all wavelength range.