Abstract: Civil construction, nowadays has to deal with comfort and habitability requirements and raw material lack. Thus, it is desired to reuse materials. In this context, the subfloor plays an important role in providing users with comfort, being an interesting object of analysis. Thus, this study aims to design lightweight concrete slabs with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) aggregates for subfloors, with two grain sizes of conventional sand replaced with EVA. The experimental program is composed of four unit mixes, three of them varying the ratio between EVA coarse and natural fine aggregates, and the one with higher quantity of EVA coarse aggregates was replaced sand for EVA fine aggregates. The subfloor slabs were molded with three thickness of 3, 5 and 7 centimeters, and a set of 3cm slabs plus 1cm of conventional coating. Slabs were submitted to specific mass tests and L’nT,w mean standardized impact sound pressure level tests. Results showed a correlation between two variables, being that 7cm thickness slabs with smaller specific mass, with total aggregate replacement, presented noise intensity reductions of 17dB in comparison to 7cm slabs with natural sand and smaller content of EVA coarse aggregate; and 28dB reduction in relation to the reference.

Resumen: Actualmente, la construcción civil lidia con los requisitos de confort, habitabilidad y escasez de materia prima, por lo que se busca reutilizar los materiales. En este contexto, las losas de piso juegan un papel importante para entregar a los usuarios la comodidad buscada. Por lo tanto, este estudio intenta diseñar losas de hormigón liviano usando agregados de acetato de vinil etileno (EVA) en las losas de piso, usando dos granulometrías de arena convencional sustituidas con EVA. El estudio comprende cuatro mezclas: en tres de ellas se modifica la relación entre los agregados gruesos de EVA y los agregados naturales finos; y una cuarta mezcla, la con mayor cantidad de agregados gruesos de EVA, en la que la arena fue reemplazada por agregados finos de EVA. Las losas de piso se moldearon con espesores de 3, 5 y 7cm, y un conjunto de losas de 3cm más 1cm de recubrimiento convencional. Las losas fueron sometidas a pruebas de masa específica y a ensayos de nivel promedio de la presión del ruido de impacto estandarizado, L'nTw. Los resultados mostraron correlación entre las dos variables, resultando que las losas más delgadas de 7cm de espesor, de menor masa específica y reemplazo total del agregado, presentaron una reducción de la intensidad del ruido de 17 dB en comparación con las losas de 7cm que contenían arena natural y menor contenido de agregado grueso de EVA; y una reducción de 28 dB en relación con la losa de referencia.

Objetivou-se com este trabalho quantificar a composição mineral das folhas de Oliveira a fim de diagnosticar o estado nutricional das plantas cultivadas em sistema convencional. O experimento foi conduzido com sete cultivares Arbequina, MGS Asc 315, MGS Mariense, MGS Grap 541, MGS Grap 561, Grappolo 575 e Leccino, em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições e parcelas com cinco plantas. Em maio de 2010 foram coletadas 60 folhas de cada cultivar (12 por planta) e submetidas a analise foliar. As cultivares apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si quanto aos teores foliares médios de nutrientes. Observou-se também que apesar da analise de solo apontar níveis elevados de Fe e Mn, a análise foliar acusou deficiência para esses elementos em todas as cultivares de Oliveira avaliadas. Os resultados alertam para os altos níveis de Cu, como consequência do uso abusivo de fungicidas a base de oxicloreto e calda bordalesa nos pomares. A concentração elevada desse elemento nas folhas pode causar fitotoxidez às plantas. Desta forma, sugere-se o uso racional de fertilizantes e de produtos fitossanitários no cultivo da oliveira a fim de evitar fitotoxidez ou deficiências nutricionais.

This study aimed to quantify the mineral composition of olive leaves to diagnose nutritional status of plants grown in conventional system. The experiment was conducted with seven cultivars: Arbequina, MGS Asc 315, MGS Mariense, MGS Grap 541, MGS Grap 561, Grappolo 575 and Leccino, in a randomized block design with four replications and five plants perplot. In May 2010, we collected 60 leaves for each cultivar (12 per plant),whichwere dried and subsequently analyzed. The results advert to the high levels of Cu, a consequence of the excessive use of fungicides based on copper oxychloride and Bordeaux mixture in the orchards. The high concentration of this element in the leaves can bephytotoxicity to plants and harmful to human health, since the leaves are used popularly as an aid in procedures for weight loss. Thus, we suggest the rational use of fertilizers and pesticides in the cultivation of olive trees to prevent nutritional deficiency or phytotoxicity and, if the research acknowledges the phytotherapic effect of leaves, the adoption of crops in the differentiated system of production, to obtain raw material with good quality and suitable for consumption in natura.