Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess how microclimate variables and irrigation affect the growth of sugarcane. The experiment was conducted using the VAT90-212 cultivar in the Semi-arid region of Brazil. The microclimate was monitored and by quantifying the irrigation depth. Nine campaigns were carried out in the field to collect morphological and biomass data. The data were subjected to descriptive statistics, so as to generate the mean values and/or sum between the campaigns. Using the correlation coefficient, the extent, sign and significance of the relationship between the response and explanatory variables were evaluated. The direct or indirect effects of the explanatory variables on the response variables were identified by path analysis. There was a significant correlation between microclimate variables and the morphological and biomass variables of the sugarcane, with a strong contribution from the intercepted fraction of the photosynthetically active radiation, the wind speed and soil temperature. The negative correlation with irrigation suggests that excess water impaired the growth dynamics of the crop. It is concluded that the growth of sugarcane is closely related to its capacity to intercept radiation, to the wind, thermal regime of the soil and irrigation management.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v43n6e20230145/2023

Virtual Screening Based on Ligand and Structure with in vitro Assessment of Neolignans against Trypanosoma cruzi
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Maia, Mayara S.

; Andrade, Rodrigo S.

; Sousa, Julyanne M. S.

; Sousa, Natália F.

; Rodrigues, Gabriela C. S.

; Menezes, Renata P. B.

; Silva, Marcelo S.

; Tavares, Josean F.

; Rodrigues, Klinger A. F.

; Scotti, Luciana

; Scotti, Marcus T.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2023, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 346 - 365

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, occurs most commonly in Latin America. As the treatment is highly toxic and ineffective in the chronic phase of the disease, alternative treatments are needed. Through quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling (QSAR) analysis using ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening methods, we predicted the trypanocidal potential of 47 neolignans against three targets, the enzymes cruzain, trypanothione reductase, and sterol 14-alpha demethylase. A combined analysis allowed for the selection of potent inhibitors against Trypanosoma cruzi. Of these compounds, two were isolated and shown to inhibit the growth of epimastigotes at concentrations of 9.64 and 8.72 µM, and trypomastigote forms at 4.88 and 2.73 µM. Therefore, the compounds (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydro-2 (4 methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(E)-propenylbenzofuran (46) and ottomentosa (47) may be a good option of growth inhibitors for the parasite stages and warrant additional study.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220113

WATER DEMAND AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN ‘PALMER’ MANGO CULTIVATION IN THE LOW-MIDDLE SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY
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Silva Junior, Francisco B. da

; Silva, Marcelo J. da

; Carvalho, Herica F. de S.

; Santos, Cloves Vilas Boas dos

; Silva, Thieres G. F. da

; Souza, Luciana S. B. de

; Leitão, Mario de M. Vilas Boas R.

; Moura, Magna S. B. de

Engenharia Agrícola

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2023, Volume 43 Nº 3 elocation e20220189

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The study aimed to determine the evapotranspiration (ETc) of the mango cv. ‘Palmer’ over two productive cycles, analyzing water-use efficiency (WUE) and crop water productivity (CWP) to propose average crop coefficient (Kc) values for improving irrigation management under cultivation conditions in the Low-Middle São Francisco Valley. The study was conducted from July 2019 to May 2021 in a commercial ‘Palmer’ mango orchard in Petrolina, State of Pernambuco, Brazil. Micrometeorological data was collected throughout the experimental period. The crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was determined using Bowen ratio energy balance (BREB), and then the Kc, WUE, and CWP were determined. The highest ETc values occurred during the floral induction phase (5.14 ± 0.85 mm day-1), with a Kc of 0.85; however, the lowest values were observed during the fruit maturation phase (3.60 ± 0.73 mm day-1), with a Kc of 0.91. Average water consumption per cycle was 1445 mm, with a daily average of 4.39 mm day-1. WUE and CWP were 16.9 and 24.5 kg ha-1 mm-1, respectively. Average Kc values of 0.81, 0.76, 0.85, 0.90, 0.95, and 0.91 are recommended for the vegetative growth, rest period and shoot maturation, floral induction, flowering, fruit development, and fruit maturation phases, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v43n3e20220189/2023

Dicamba Degradation by Fenton-Like Process Using Iron/Biochar Composites
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Guimarães, Tiago

; Aguiar, Adalin C. M. de

; Silva, Elisa M. G. da

; Mielke, Kamila C.

; Costa, Marcelo M. da

; Silva, Antonio A. da

; Teixeira, Ana P C.

; Lopes, Renata P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 Nº 12 Páginas 1753 - 1761

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this work, an iron/biochar composite was evaluated as a catalyst for 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba) herbicide degradation by heterogeneous Fenton-like process. The biochar was produced from pyrolysis of coffee husks. After FeII adsorption by biochar, the material was submitted to chemical reduction, via borohydride, producing zero-valent iron nanoparticles (BIO-Fe0). The material was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman scattering spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, among other techniques. The BIO-Fe0 is a heterogeneous material, and the main constituent elements are carbon (C), oxygen (O), silicon (Si), sulfur (S) and iron (Fe). The dicamba degradation was monitored by high-performance liquid chromatography and biological assays using beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) as indicator species. The commercial dicamba (500 mL; 250 mg L 1) was submitted to Fenton-like process (initial pH 3.20; BIO-Fe0: 3 or 5 g; 1.00 mL H2O2 at 3.00 mmol L 1; 1.00 mL Al2(SO4)3 at 1.00 mol L 1; 25 ºC and 5 h of reaction), presenting ca. 100% of degradation. These treated solutions were used in a biological assay. The intoxication levels were less 30%. These results show that BIO-Fe0 has the potential to be used in the dicamba degradation by Fenton-like processes.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230068

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Data de publicação: 2022-10-11

Resumo: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

Efficient irrigation management in sugarcane cultivation in saline soil
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Simões, Welson L.

; Oliveira, Anderson R. de

; Salviano, Alessandra M.

; Silva, Jucicléia S. da

; Calgaro, Marcelo

; Guimarães, Miguel J. M.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Set 2021, Volume 25 Nº 9 Páginas 626 - 632

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a influência da fração de lixiviação nas características biométricas, produtivas e na qualidade tecnológica do caldo de variedades de cana-de-açúcar cultivadas em solo salino no Semiárido brasileiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, em esquema fatorial 2 × 3 × 3, sendo dois ciclos de cultivo da cana-de-açúcar: cana planta e cana soca; três variedades de cana-de-açúcar: RB72454, SP943206 e VAT90212; e, três frações de lixiviação da água de irrigação: 0; 9,1; e 16,6%. Avaliou-se número de folhas vivas, número de entrenós, área foliar, diâmetro do colmo, altura da planta, número de perfilhos, produtividade, teor de sólidos solúveis totais (°Brix), porcentagem de fibra industrial, pureza do caldo, Pol% do caldo, Pol% da cana e açúcar total recuperável. Ao final dos dois ciclos da cultura foi determinada a eficiência do uso de água. As variedades SP943206 e VAT90212 demonstraram maior produtividade sob fração de lixiviação da água de irrigação de 9,1% nos dois ciclos e maiores eficiência do uso de água foram observadas na variedade VAT90212. A aplicação de frações de lixiviação para reduzir a salinidade do solo não proporciona alterações na qualidade tecnológica das variedades RB72454, SP943206 e VAT90212 de cana-de-açúcar.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of leaching fraction on the biometric and production characteristics and technological quality of the juice of sugarcane varieties grown in saline soil in the Brazilian semiarid region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three repetitions, in a 2 × 3 × 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to two sugarcane cultivation cycles: plant cane and ratoon cane; three sugarcane varieties: RB72454, SP943206 and VAT90212; and, three leaching fractions of irrigation water: 0; 9.1; and 16.6%. Number of living leaves, number of internodes, leaf area, stem diameter, plant height, number of tillers, yield, total soluble solids content (°Brix), percentage of industrial fiber, juice purity, juice Pol%, cane Pol% and total recoverable sugar were evaluated. At the end of the two crop cycles, water use efficiency was determined. The varieties SP943206 and VAT90212 showed higher yield under leaching fraction of irrigation water of 9.1% in both cycles, and higher water use efficiency values were observed for the variety VAT90212. Application of leaching fractions to reduce soil salinity does not promote changes in the technological quality of the sugarcane varieties RB72454, SP943206 and VAT90212.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n9p626-632 132 downloads

Management of trickle irrigation for banana: Hydrodynamic processes and sensor placement at the root zone
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Santana Junior, Edvaldo B.

; Coelho, Eugênio F.

; Santos, Marcelo R. dos

; Silva, Alisson J. P. da

; Reis, João B. R. da S.

; Pereira, Bruno L. da S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mai 2021, Volume 25 Nº 5 Páginas 312 - 318

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O conhecimento do processo hidrodinâmico no solo ajuda a explicar a relação entre solo-água-planta com efeitos práticos no manejo da irrigação assim como no posicionamento de sensores de umidade no solo. O estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de detalhar o processo hidrodinâmico na zona radicular e definir a localização para o posicionamento do sensor de umidade do solo sob diferentes configurações de irrigação localizada na cultura da bananeira. Foram avaliados três microaspersores com vazões de 70 (T1), 53 (T2), 35 L h-1 (T3) e dois sistemas de gotejamento, (T4) - uma linha de gotejamento por linha de plantas, (T5) - duas linhas de gotejamento por linha de plantas. O experimento seguiu um delineamento em blocos casualizados consistindo de cinco tratamentos com cinco repetições. A extração de água foi maior nos sistemas de irrigação com maiores taxas de vazão para todas as configurações de sistemas de irrigação localizada. Os sensores de umidade do solo em sistemas de gotejamento devem estar a distâncias de 0,75 a 0,81m do pseudocaule e em profundidades de 0,33 a 0,44 m. Em sistemas de microaspersão, os sensores de umidade do solo devem estar a 0,75, 0,77 e 0,83 m do pseudocaule para o emissor e a profundidades de 0,33, 0,48 e 0,55 m para vazões de 35, 53 e 70 L h-1, respectivamente.

ABSTRACT Information on soil hydrodynamic processes assists in explaining the soil-water-plant relationship and has practical applications to irrigation management, such as the definition of soil water sensor placement. The objective of this study was to detail the hydrodynamic process in the soil root zone and to define the location for placement of soil water sensor under different configurations of trickle irrigation in banana crops. Three micro-sprinkler emitters with flow rates of 70 (T1), 53 (T2), 35 L h-1 (T3), and two drip system, one with one drip line per row of plants (T4), and another with two drip lines per row of plants (T5) were evaluated. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with five repetitions. Higher water extraction was found for irrigation systems with higher flow rates for all configurations of trickle irrigation systems. Soil moisture sensors in drip systems should be placed at distances of 0.75 to 0.81 m from the pseudo stem and at depths of 0.33 to 0.44 m. Under micro-sprinkler systems, soil water sensors should be placed at 0.75, 0.77 and 0.83 m from the pseudo stem towards to the emitter and at depths of 0.33, 0.48 and 0.55 m for emitter flow rates of 35, 53 and 70 L h-1, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n5p312-318 305 downloads

Impact of COVID-19 on clinical practice, income, health and lifestyle behavior of Brazilian urologists
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Gomes, Cristiano M.

; Favorito, Luciano A.

; Henriques, João Victor T.

; Canalini, Alfredo F.

; Anzolch, Karin M. J.

; Fernandes, Roni de C.

; Bellucci, Carlos H. S.

; Silva, Caroline S.

; Wroclawski, Marcelo L.

; Pompeo, Antonio Carlos L.

; Bessa Jr., Jose de

International braz j urol

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Dez 2020, Volume 46 Nº 6 Páginas 1042 - 1071

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on clinical practice, income, health and lifestyle behavior of Brazilian urologists during the month of April 2020. Materials and Methods A 39-question, web-based survey was sent to all urologist members of the Brazilian Society of Urology. We assessed socio-demographic, professional, health and behavior parameters. The primary goal was to evaluate changes in urologists’ clinical practice and income after two months of COVID-19. We also looked at geographical differences based on the incidence rates of COVID-19 in different states. Results Among 766 urologists who completed the survey, a reduction ≥ 50% of patient visits, elective and emergency surgeries was reported by 83.2%, 89.6% and 54.8%, respectively. An income reduction of ≥ 50% was reported by 54.3%. Measures to reduce costs were implemented by most. Video consultations were performed by 38.7%. Modifications in health and lifestyle included weight gain (32.9%), reduced physical activity (60.0%), increased alcoholic intake (39.9%) and reduced sexual activity (34.9%). Finally, 13.5% of Brazilian urologists were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and about one third required hospitalization. Urologists from the highest COVID-19 incidence states were at a higher risk to have a reduction of patient visits and non-essential surgeries (OR=2.95, 95% CI 1.86 – 4.75; p< 0.0001) and of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 (OR=4.36 95%CI 1.74-10.54, p=0.012). Conclusions COVID-19 produced massive disturbances in Brazilian urologists’ practice, with major reductions in patient visits and surgical procedures. Distressing consequences were also observed on physicians’ income, health and personal lives. These findings are probably applicable to other medical specialties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2020.99.15 3190 downloads

OXIDATIVE STABILITY AND COLD FILTER PLUGGING POINT OF BIODIESEL BLENDS DERIVED FROM FATS AND SOY OIL
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Braun, João V.

; Santos, Samuel J.

; Espíndola, Guilherme C.

; Mattos, Gabriel F. de

; Ongaratto, Diego P.

; Oliveira, Diogo M. de

; Silva, Marlon W. da

; Vendrusculo, Vinícius

; Santos, Vinícius O. B. dos

; Renner, Rodrigo E.

; Naciuk, Fabrício F.

; Marques, Marcelo V.

; Fontoura, Luiz A. M.

Química Nova

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Set 2020, Volume 43 Nº 9 Páginas 1246 - 1250

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Biodiesel made from oils is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids methyl esters, and, consequently, presents high tendency to oxidize. Biodiesel made from fats, on the other hand, is mainly comprised by saturated chains. Although it is highly stable, they easily crystalize at low temperatures. Blends from both can exhibit optimized properties. In this work, oxidative stability, expressed by induction period (IP), and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of blends from palm, palm kernel, babassu, tallow or lard biodiesels with soy one were measured. Biodiesel samples were prepared by two steps transesterification methodology with KOH catalysis followed by H2SO4. IP increases, as the fat biodiesel content in the blend is higher, as expected. Blends comprised by 60% of fat biodiesel by volume had their IP increased from 1.5 (lard) to 2 times (palm kernel), compared to soy one. At this level, IP was found 8 h or higher, except for palm, which 80% was required. CFPP was observed at 8 °C or lower for the blends containing up to 60% of all the fat biodiesel, except for the palm one, which a 20% content must not be surpassed. Palm kernel 80% biodiesel blend reached the Brazilian specification, that is, IP higher than 12 h and CFPP lower than 5 °C.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170619 374 downloads

10.

Freshwater fish richness baseline from the São Francisco Interbasin Water Transfer Project in the Brazilian Semiarid
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Silva, Márcio J.

; Ramos, Telton P. A.

; Carvalho, Fernando R.

; Brito, Marcelo F. G.

; Ramos, Robson T. C.

; Rosa, Ricardo S.

; Sánchez-Botero, Jorge I.

; Novaes, José L. C.

; Costa, Rodrigo S.

; Lima, Sergio M. Q.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2020, Volume 18 Nº 4 elocation e200063

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Dentre as ecorregiões dulcícolas neotropicais, a Nordeste Médio-Oriental (MNCE) é uma lacuna de conhecimento sobre peixes. Suas drenagens temporárias são receptoras do projeto de transposição do São Francisco (SFR-IWT) no semiárido brasileiro. Fornecemos uma linha de base abrangente da riqueza de peixes das cinco bacias do SFR-IWT. Riqueza de espécies, espécies compartilhadas, endêmicas, ameaçadas e não-nativas foram obtidas através de amostragem, coleções ictiológicas, literatura e repositórios online (306 localidades). No total, foram registradas 121 espécies, 111 nativas e 16 (14,41%) listadas para todas as bacias. A maior riqueza de espécies nativas (78, 70,27%) foi registrada no trecho sub-médio do São Francisco (SFRE), incluindo 23 endêmicas e 61 (54,95%) nas bacias da MNCE (13 endêmicas), e 28 (25,23 %) compartilhadas entre ambas ecorregiões. Na MNCE, foram registradas 50 espécies na Jaguaribe (JAG), 39 na Piranhas-Açu, 36 na Paraíba do Norte e 32 na Apodi-Mossoró (APO). O número de espécies compartilhadas entre SFRE e cada bacia receptora variou de 24 (23,08%, JAG) a 20 (22,22%, APO). JAG contém 81,97% das espécies das bacias receptoras. Sua maior riqueza e endemismo merecem atenção especial em relação às mudanças hidrológicas em curso. Este estudo ajudará a detectar possíveis modificações na ictiofauna das principais drenagens da MNCE.

Abstract Among Neotropical freshwater ecoregions, the Mid-Northeastern Caatinga (MNCE) is a fish knowledge gap. Its temporary drainages are receptors of the São Francisco interbasin water transfer project (SFR-IWT) in the Brazilian semiarid. We provide a comprehensive baseline of fish richness of the five SFR-IWT basins. Species richness, shared, endemic, threatened and non-native species were obtained using sampling, ichthyologic collections, literature and online repositories (306 localities). In total 121, species were recorded, 111 of them native, and 16 (14.41%) listed for all basins. Higher richness of native species (78, 70.27%) was recorded in the São Francisco lower-middle stretch (SFRE), including 23 endemic, 61 (54.95%) in MNCE basins (13 endemic), and 28 (25.23%) shared between both ecoregions. In the MNCE, 50 species were recorded in Jaguaribe (JAG), 39 in Piranhas-Açu, 36 in Paraíba do Norte, and 32 in Apodi-Mossoró (APO). The number of species shared between the SFRE and each receptor basin varied from 24 (23.08%, JAG) to 20 (22.22%, APO). JAG contains 81.97% of the receptor basins’ species. Its higher richness and endemism deserve special attention regarding the ongoing hydrological changes. This study will help detect possible modifications in the ichthyofauna of the main MNCE drainages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0063 1387 downloads

11.

Characterization of noise emitted by a power tiller through geostatistics
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Gonçalves, Luana M.

; Ferraz, Gabriel A. e S.

; Oliveira, Marcelo S. de

; Barbosa, Brenon D. S.

; Silva, Carlos J. da

; Ferraz, Patrícia F. P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mar 2019, Volume 23 Nº 3 Páginas 223 - 228

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O ruído é um dos agentes físicos nocivos e estressantes presente no ambiente de trabalho. Pesquisas realizadas com a geoestatistica para ajuste de semivariograma de ruído de tratores foram feitos por meio do modelo gaussiano e esférico. Dessa forma, objetivou-se mapear a variabilidade espacial do ruído emitido por um trator de rabiça, por meio do modelo de onda senoidal e testando outros métodos de ajuste, visando identificar zonas de salubridade para os trabalhadores. O experimento foi desenvolvido com um trator de rabiça agrícola (10.3 kW) colocado em regime de trabalho (1500 rpm), acoplado a uma roçadora, e um decibelímetro digital para a coleta dos ruídos em pontos distribuídos numa malha amostral regular de 2.0 × 2.0 m ao redor do trator. A dependência espacial do ruído foi analisada por meio de ajuste de semivariograma por diferentes métodos e pelo modelo wave para obtenção do mapa de distribuição espacial interpolados por krigagem. Foi possível caracterizar a estrutura e a magnitude da dependência espacial dos níveis de ruído emitidos pelo trator, bem como realizar o mapeamento da distribuição espacial. Observou-se valor máximo de nível de ruído de 96.5 dB próximo ao trator, valor acima do limite permitido de 85.0 dB para 8 h de exposição diária (NR-15). Assim, o uso de protetores auriculares é recomendado tanto para o tratorista quanto para os profissionais que dão suporte à operação agrícola em um raio de 6 m da fonte emissora, nas condições estudadas.

ABSTRACT Noise is one of the harmful and stressful physical agents present in the workplace. Research performed with geostatistics to adjust the semivariogram of tractor noise were performed using the Gaussian and spherical model. In this way, the aim was to map the spatial variability of the noise emitted by a power tiller through the sine wave model, besides testing other fitting methods, in order to identify health zones for the workers. The experiment was performed with an agricultural power tiller (10.3 kW) placed in a working regime (1500 rpm), coupled to a brushcutter, and a digital sound level meter to collect noises in points distributed along a regular grid sampling of 2.0 × 2.0 m around the tractor. The spatial dependence of noise was analyzed through semivariogram fitting by different methods and by the wave model to obtain the spatial distribution map interpolated by kriging. It was possible to characterize the structure and the magnitude of the spatial dependence of the noise levels emitted by the tractor, as well as to map the spatial distribution. A maximum noise level of 96.5 dB was observed close to the tractor engine, a value above the limit of 85.0 dB for 8 h of daily exposure (NR-15). Thus, the use of ear protectors is recommended for both the tractor driver and the professionals who support agricultural operation within a radius of 6 m from the emitting source under the conditions studied.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n3p223-228 1536 downloads

12.

A pioneering RET genetic screening study in the State of Ceará, Brazil, evaluating patients with medullary thyroid cancer and at-risk relatives: experience with 247 individuals
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Martins-Costa, Maria Cecília

; Lindsey, Susan C.

; Cunha, Lucas L.

; Carreiro-Filho, Fernando Porto

; Cortez, André P.

; Holanda, Marcelo E.

; Farias, J. Wilson M. de

; Lima, Sérgio B.

; Ferreira, Luís A. Albano

; Maia Filho, Pedro Collares

; Camacho, Cléber P.

; Furuzawa, Gilberto K.

; Kunii, Ilda S.

; Dias-da-Silva, Magnus R.

; Martins, João R. M.

; Maciel, Rui M. B.

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Dez 2018, Volume 62 Nº 6 Páginas 623 - 635

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: Initial diagnosis of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is frequently associated with advanced stages and a poor prognosis. Thus, the need for earlier diagnoses and detection in relatives at risk for the disease has led to increased use of RET genetic screening. Subjects and methods: We performed RET screening in 247 subjects who were referred to the Brazilian Research Consortium for Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (BRASMEN) Center in the State of Ceará. Direct genetic sequencing was used to analyze exons 8, 10, 11, and 13-16 in MTC index cases and specific exons in at risk relatives. Afterward, clinical follow-up was offered to all the patients with MTC and their affected relatives. Results: RET screening was performed in 60 MTC index patients and 187 at-risk family members. At the initial clinical assessment of the index patients, 54 (90%) were diagnosed with apparently sporadic disease and 6 (10%) diagnosed with hereditary disease. After RET screening, we found that 31 (52%) index patients had sporadic disease, and 29 (48%) had hereditary disease. Regarding at-risk relatives, 73/187 were mutation carriers. Mutations in RET codon 804 and the rare p.M918V mutation were the most prevalent. Conclusions: Performing RET screening in Ceará allowed us to identify a different mutation profile in this region compared with other areas. RET screening also enabled the diagnosis of a significant number of hereditary MTC patients who were initially classified as sporadic disease patients and benefited their relatives, who were unaware of the risks and the consequences of bearing a RET mutation.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000088 1270 downloads

13.

6ª DIRETRIZES DE MONITORIZAÇÃO AMBULATORIAL DA PRESSÃO ARTERIAL E 4ª DIRETRIZES DE MONITORIZAÇÃO RESIDENCIAL DA PRESSÃO ARTERIAL
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Brandão, Andrea A.

; Alessi, Alexandre

; Feitosa, Audes Magalhães

; Machado, Carlos Alberto

; Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo Poli de

; Amodeo, Celso

; Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad

; Forjaz, Claudia Lucia de Moraes

; Giorgi, Dante Marcelo Artigas

; Mion Júnior, Décio

; Coelho, Eduardo Barbosa

; Nobre, Fernando

; Lima Júnior, Emilton

; Plavnik, Frida Liane

; Silva, Giovanio Vieira da

; Chaves Júnior, Hilton

; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte

; Vilela-Martin, José Fernando

; Ribeiro, José Marcio

; Gusmão, Josiane Lima de

; Toledo, Juan Carlos Yugar

; Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido

; Scala, Luiz Cesar Nazário

; Gomes, Marco Antônio Mota

; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar

; Neves, Mario Fritsch Toros

; Wajngarten, Mauricio

; Gus, Miguel

; Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo

; Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga

; Miranda, Roberto Dischinger

; Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de

; Ferreira Filho, Sebastião Rodrigues

; Andrade, Solange

; Geleilete, Tufik J. M.

; Koch, Vera Hermina K.

; Souza, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso de

; Oigman, Wille

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Mai 2018, Volume 110 Nº 5 Páginas 1 - 29

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20180074 2708 downloads

14.

TRATAMENTO ELETROQUÍMICO DE EFLUENTE DA PRODUÇÃO DE BIODIESEL USANDO UM ELETRODO DO TIPO ADE: Ti/IrO2-Nb2O5
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Fernandes, Carlos H. M.

; Yamasaki, Marcelo M.

; Silva, Fernando L.

; Vasconcelos, Vanessa M.

; Rocha, Robson S.

; Lanza, Marcos R. V.

; Castilho, Marilza

; Dall'Óglio, Evandro L.

; Terezo, Ailton J.

Química Nova

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Jan 2018, Volume 41 Nº 1 Páginas 17 - 22

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This work presents the electrochemical treatment of wastewater of biodiesel production, using DSA based on IrO2 and Nb2O5. The anode was prepared by modified Pechini method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), in order to evaluate structural and morphological properties and by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry and accelerated stability test to investigate the electrochemical behavior. The SEM image shows the typical mud-cracked layer. By the XRD measurements, the oxides onto the support were crystallized as tetragonal IrO2 and hexagonal Nb2O5. The amount of glycerin and methanol in the wastewater were 1.60 and 0.31% (w/w), respectively. The electrochemical treatment of the wastewater was evaluated by electrolysis at different current densities and time. The total organic carbon (TOC) and UV-Vis spectra were performed during the electrolysis. The UV-Vis spectra obtained during the electrolysis at 100 and 150 mA cm-2, shows the disappearance of an absorption band at 264 nm and the appearance of one at 290 nm, which the absorption increases as current and the time of the electrolysis increases. The electrochemical treatment with the proposed DSA leads to 80% of removal of TOC by electrolysis at 150 mA cm-2 during the first 6 hours of the electrochemical treatment.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170163 1157 downloads

15.

Testing camera traps as a potential tool for detecting nest predation of birds in a tropical rainforest environment
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Ribeiro-Silva, Lais

; Perrella, Daniel F.

; Biagolini-Jr, Carlos H.

; Zima, Paulo V.Q.

; Piratelli, Augusto J.

; Schlindwein, Marcelo N.

; Galetti Junior, Pedro M.

; Francisco, Mercival R.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2018, Volume 35 elocation e14678

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Identification of the predators of bird nests is essential to test ecological and evolutionary hypotheses and to make practical management decisions. A variety of nest monitoring devices have been proposed but many remain difficult to set up in the field. The aim of this study was to test camera traps as a potential tool to study predation of natural nests in a tropical rainforest environment. Specifically, we registered the predators, assessed their size range, and we compared the use of one and two cameras per nest. Of 122 nests from 24 bird species, 45 (37%) were depredated, and the cameras recorded the predator species in 29 of the total of depredated nests (64%). We identified predators in eight of 16 depredated nests (50%) in which we used one camera trap per nest, and we identified predators in 21 of 29 depredated nests (72%) when we used two camera traps per nest. The predators included six species of birds and six species of mammals, with body masses varying from 20 g to 16.5 kg. Causes for 10 of the 16 detection failures were identified and are discussed. These results suggest that camera traps are viable tools to investigate nest predation in a tropical rainforest area.

https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.35.e14678 2107 downloads

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