Pesquisa | SciELO

The objective of the present work was to apply self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) to evaluate the protective capacity of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) antioxidants against the biodiesel oxidation reaction. For this, the antioxidant concentration and the biodiesel compliance parameters were used as continuous input variables and the type of antioxidant as a categorical. The SOFM proved to be an adequate tool for the classification of biodiesel samples containing antioxidants. The performance of the 5 most active networks of the model ranged from 89 to 99% for training, testing, and validation with an error below 1.42 × 10-4. Statistical tests applied to validate the model showed no significant difference between predicted and experimental values. The global sensitivity analysis showed that the relative protection factor (RPF) contributed with 34.89%, the antioxidant with 31.49%, the induction period with 10.69%, the water content with 6.00%, and the others all together with 16.93% in the construction of the regression models by MLP.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220139

Accumulation and decomposition of cultural residues of Theobroma grandiflorum, Paullinia cupana, Bixa orellana and forest in the southern region of Amazonas
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Paula, E. M. B.

; Cunha, J. M.

; Campos, M. C. C.

; Silva, D. M. P.

; Silva, C. L.

; Lima, A. F. L.

; Mantovanelli, B. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e264237

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The litter deposited on the soil surface at various stages of decomposition is important for primary productivity that impacts the microbial communities and soil carbon storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the accumulation and decomposition of cultural residues of Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex. Spreng) Schum, Paullinia cupana (Mart.) Ducke, Bixa orellana L., and forest in the Amazon region. The study was carried out in the São Francisco settlement, Canutama in the south of Amazonas, in a randomized block experimental design, and the treatments consisted of four areas with different crops: 1 - P. cupana; 2 - T. grandiflorum; 3 - B. orellana; 4 - Native woodland area (forest), in time subdivided plots: 7, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270, 300, and 330 days after the distribution of the bags in the field, all with four repetitions. To evaluate the contribution and fractions of litter, conical collectors were used in each area, and collections were performed monthly in the period from March 2020 to February 2021. The estimate of the decomposition rate of the litter was done by quantifying the loss of mass, using litter bags, which allow for a direct analysis of the rate of decay over time. The forest and P. cupana environments presented the highest litter production, and greater deposition when compared to environments cultivated with T. grandiflorum and B. orellana. The forest and B. orellana areas showed the highest speed of decomposition, while the opposite situation occurred under T. grandiflorum and P. cupana cultivation.

Resumo A serrapilheira depositada na superfície do solo, em vários estágios de decomposição tem importância na produtividade primária que impacta nas comunidades microbianas e estocagem de carbono no solo. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o acúmulo e decomposição dos resíduos culturais de cupuaçu, guaraná, urucum e floresta na região do Amazonas. O estudo foi realizado no assentamento São Francisco, Canutama no Sul do Amazonas, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualisados, sendo que os tratamentos constaram de quatro áreas com diferentes culturas: 1- Guaraná; 2 – Cupuaçu; 3 – Urucum; 4 – Área de mata nativa (floresta), em parcelas subdivididas no tempo: 07, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 270 e 300, 330 dias após a distribuição das sacolas no campo, todas com 04 repetições. Para avaliar o aporte e frações dá serapilheira, foram utilizados coletores cônicos em cada área, sendo as coletas realizadas mensalmente no período de março de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021. A estimativa da taxa de decomposição da serrapilheira foi realizada pela quantificação da perda de massa, utilizando-se litter bags, os quais permitem analisar de forma direta a taxa de decaimento ao longo do tempo. Os ambientes de floresta e guaraná apresentaram as maiores produções de serapilheira, e maior deposição quando comparados aos ambientes cultivados com cupuaçu e urucum. As áreas de floresta e urucum apresentaram a maior velocidade de decomposição, já a situação inversa ocorreu sob o cultivo do cupuaçu e guaraná.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.264237

Simulation of the diffusion process of NaCl and KCl in olive pulp using the finite element method
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Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Sousa, Eduardo G. de

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Borsato, Dionisio

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 3 Páginas 229 - 235

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The simultaneous diffusion of inorganic components in the olive pulp in wet brine was modeled based on Fick’s generalized 2nd Law and simulated using the finite element method. The main and crossed diffusion coefficients, the film coefficient and the Biot number were determined, with the application of the simplex optimization method, through the minimization of the percentage errors. The errors between the simulated and experimental data were 5.35% for NaCl and 4.77% for KCl and the adjusted main diffusion coefficients were 0.4358 × 10-12 m2 s-1 for NaCl and 0.5408 × 10-12 m2 s-1 for KCl. The system developed to simulate diffusion allows the control and modulation of the salts content that diffuses through the olive pulp.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230005

DIFFUSION STUDY OF NaCl AND KCl AT THE SOLUTION/OLIVE INTERFACE: MATHEMATICAL MODELING USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND SELF-ORGANIZING FEATURE MAP (SOFM)-TYPE NEURAL NETWORKS
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Borsato, Dionisio

; Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Sousa, Eduardo G. de

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Mantovani, Rafael G.

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 8 Páginas 785 - 790

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Olive samples were subjected to the salting process in brine containing 1196 mol m−3 of NaCl and 402 mol m−3 of KCl. Samples were collected during 60 h and salt concentration values were determined. With the finite element method (FEM) and the minimization of the errors percentage between the simulated and experimental values, the mass transfer coefficients in the film (hm) were obtained, being 1.0072 × 10−8 and 1.2499 × 10−8 for NaCl and KCl, respectively. The salts concentration at the olive/brine interface was simulated by FEM and analyzed via SOFM. A network with 4 × 4 topology and 10000 training epochs was used. It was observed that the influence of the stationary film formed on the surface of the olives during the salting process depends on the position, the salt involved in the diffusion and that the concentration of the salts, at each point, varies according to the immersion time.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230053

ADDITION OF NATURAL EXTRACTS WITH ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES IN BIODIESEL: ANALYSIS BY NEURAL NETWORKS OF THE MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON TYPE
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Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Campos, Júlia W.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Borsato, Dionisio

Química Nova

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Ago 2022, Volume 45 Nº 8 Páginas 935 - 940

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Biodiesel is capable of replacing diesel because it has similar physicochemical properties, but this biofuel is susceptible to oxidation, which makes the application of antioxidant substances necessary. For this study, alcoholic extracts of senna leaves, hibiscus flowers, and blackberry were used. Biodiesel samples were submitted to physicochemical analysis to evaluate interference in the volume of these alcoholic extracts with antioxidant properties. The data obtained were processed using the neural network of the multilayer perceptron type (MLP). For the network’s training, 200 epochs were used. The samples were randomly divided into three groups, with 70% used for training, 15% for testing, and 15% for validation. The type of extract was considered as a categorical variable, the extract volume as a target variable, and the other ones as input variables. Among the 200 networks trained, with 5 to 20 hidden layers, the 5 with the best performance were highlighted. The Tukey test applied to the means showed no significant difference at the 5% level, between the value of the added volume and the means value predicted by the networks. The sensitive analysis showed that the most important input variable for the construction of the model was the type of extract.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170902

Perfil microbiológico de microorganismos aislados de pacientes en unidades de cuidados intensivos de un Hospital de Lambayeque, Perú, 2019-2020
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Chilon-Chavez, Marco Antonio

; Muñoz-Inga, Jery Giankarlo

; Silva-Díaz, Heber

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

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Abr 2022, Volume 22 Nº 2 Páginas 335 - 344

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir el perfil microbiológico de los microorganismos aislados de pacientes de las unidades de cuidados críticos de un hospital de la región Lambayeque en el 2019 - 2020. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal y de enfoque cuantitativo. Se realizó un estudio censal a 332 pacientes de las unidades de cuidados críticos (UCCs) con cultivo microbiológico positivo registrado en el archivo del laboratorio de microbiología del Hospital Regional Lambayeque en el 2019 - 2020. Se utilizó el software estadístico Info stat v8 para el análisis estadístico. Resultados: La mediana de edad fue de 50 años a predominio de sexo masculino (55,1%). La muestra de cultivo más frecuente fue la secreción bronquial (35,8%). Los microorganismos que se aislaron con mayor frecuencia fueron A. baumannii complex (27,7%) resistente a meropenem e imipenem con 90,7% y 89,3% respectivamente, P. aeruginosa (13,9%) resistente a cefepime con 55,8% y 61,1% para Piperacilina / tazobactam, E. coli (11,1%) resistente a ampicilina con 94,7%; y K. pneumoniae (9,9%) resistente a ampicilina/sulbactam en un 79,2%. Conclusión: Los microorganismos más frecuentes aislados de la población de estudio, fueron A. baumannii complex, P. aeruginosa, E. coli y K. pneumoniae; aislados mayoritariamente de secreciones respiratorias, de los cuales, los dos primeros presentaron alta resistencia a carbapenémicos y aminoglucósidos, y en los dos siguientes, la mitad fueron BLEE.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the microbiological profile of microorganisms isolated from patients in critical care units of a hospital in the Lambayeque region in 2019-2020. Methods: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. A census study was carried out on 332 patients from critical care units (CCUS) with a positive microbiological culture registered in the file of the microbiology laboratory of the Lambayeque Regional Hospital in 2019-2020. The statistical software Info stat v8 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The median age was 50 years, predominantly male (55.1%). The most frequent culture sample was bronchial secretion (35.8%). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were A. baumannii complex (27.7%) resistant to meropenem and imipenem with 90.7% and 89.3% respectively, P. aeruginosa (13.9%) resistant to cefepime with 55.8% and 61.1% for Piperacillin / tazobactam, E. coli (11.1%) resistant to ampicillin with 94.7%; and K. pneumoniae (9.9%) resistant to ampicillin / sulbactam by 79.2%. Conclusion: The most frequent microorganisms isolated from the study population were the A. baumannii complex, P. aeruginosa, E. coli and K. pneumoniae; isolated mainly from respiratory secretions, of which the first two showed high resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides, and in the next two, half were ESBL.

https://doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v22i2.4275

Retorno al ejercicio después de COVID-19. Posicionamiento de la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología
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Cerón-Enriquez, Norma

; García-Saldivia, Marianna A.

; Lara-Vargas, Jorge A.

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Alonso-Sánchez, J. Jesús

; Silva-Torres, J. Jesús

; Pérez-Gámez, Juan C.

; Pacheco-Beltrán, Nancy

; Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Dez 2021, Volume 91 Supl. 2 Páginas 102 - 109

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020; one consequence has been the increase in sedentary lifestyle and reduction of sports activity. Exercise benefits the immune defense system especially in older adults; it is recommended to keep a distance of 1.5 meters between people, and if walking or jogging is carried out, the space must be up to 5 and 10 meters respectively. The reported cases are mostly mild up to 80% and can be critical in up to 4.7%; the risk factors are well known, hypertension, diabetes and previous heart disease. Severe or critical cases present as symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome, and in the case of cardiovascular disease, they mainly occur as myopericarditis, acute coronary syndromes, cardiogenic shock, thrombotic events, among others. Returning to exercise after recovery from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is always recommended, however it will depend on the clinical picture what measures should be taken prior to its onset, and it is in moderate cases and especially in the severe ones where the evaluation and prescription prior to returning to exercise or sport should be guided by medical personnel experts in cardiopulmonary rehabilitation, especially in athletes.

Resumen La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) fue declarada pandemia el 11 de marzo de 2020; una consecuencia ha sido el incremento en el sedentarismo y la reducción de la actividad deportiva. El ejercicio beneficia el sistema inmunitario de defensa, especialmente en adultos mayores. Se recomienda guardar distancia de 1.5 metros entre personas, y si se realiza caminata o trote, el espacio debe ser de hasta 5 y 10 metros respectivamente. Los casos reportados son en su mayoría leves hasta en un 80%, y pueden ser críticos hasta en 4.7%; los factores de riesgo son bien conocidos: hipertensión, diabetes y enfermedad cardiaca previa. Los casos graves o críticos se presentan como cuadros de síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo y ante afección cardiovascular cursan principalmente como miopericarditis, síndromes coronarios agudos, choque cardiogénico y eventos trombóticos, entre otros. El ejercicio después de la recuperación de infección por coronavirus 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS-CoV-2) siempre está recomendado, sin embargo, dependerá del cuadro clínico qué medidas se deben tomar previo a su inicio, y es en casos moderados y especialmente en los graves donde la evaluación y prescripción previa al retorno al ejercicio o deporte debe ser guiada por personal médico experto en rehabilitación cardiopulmonar, en especial en deportistas.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.20000507 424 downloads

Modeling kinetics of convective drying of Curcuma longa L.
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Lima, Maria S.

; Ferreira, Samuel V.

; Silva, Lígia C. de M.

; Oliveira, Daniel E. C.

; Leão, Paulo V. T.

; Silva, Marco A. P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mar 2021, Volume 25 Nº 3 Páginas 197 - 202

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se, com este estudo, determinar as curvas de secagem dos rizomas de açafrão da terra em diferentes temperaturas, ajustar modelos de regressão não linear ao processo, em diversas condições de ar, bem como determinar o coeficiente de difusão efetiva e obter a energia de ativação. Os rizomas de açafrão da terra foram coletados com o auxílio de uma enxada e manualmente, de forma aleatória, no município de Rio Verde, GO. Em seguida, foram selecionados, medidos, higienizados e submetidos ao fatiamento com 2,63 ± 0,1 mm de espessura. Os rizomas foram submetidos a secagem em estufa com ventilação de ar forçada nas temperaturas de 45, 55, 65 e 75 °C. O tempo de secagem foi de 18; 14; 10 e 9 horas, respectivamente, para as temperaturas de 45, 55, 65 e 75 °C. À medida que a temperatura aumentou, o tempo de secagem diminuiu e, consequentemente, o teor de água final de equilíbrio também diminui, uma vez que o aumento da temperatura facilita o processo de secagem, por diminuir a energia necessária para remover moléculas de água ligadas ao produto. Entre os modelos ajustados, o de Midilli foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados nas diferentes condições do ar de secagem. O coeficiente de difusão efetiva aumentou com a elevação da temperatura, com valores de 9,17 × 10-11, 13,33 × 10-11, 20,09 × 10-11 e 35,89 × 10-11 m2 s-1 para as temperaturas de 45, 55, 65 e 75 °C, respectivamente, e a energia de ativação para a difusão líquida na secagem foi de 21,186 kJ mol-1.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine drying curves of land saffron (Curcuma longa L.) rhizomes at different temperatures and ventilation conditions to adjust non-linear regression models, and to calculate effective diffusion coefficients and activation energies. Saffron rhizomes were randomly collected in natura with a hoe from the soil in Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil. They were subsequently sized, sanitized, and sliced into 2.63 ± 0.1 mm thick sections. Rhizomes were dried in an oven with forced air ventilation at 45, 55, 65 and 75 °C for 18, 14, 10 and 9 hours, respectively. As the temperature increased, drying time was reduced. Consequently, moisture content also decreased, facilitating the drying process by decreasing the energy required to remove water molecules. Among the analyzed models, the Midilli model was best adjusted to the data under different drying air conditions. Effective diffusion coefficients (D) were 9.17 × 10-11, 13.33 × 10-11, 20.09 × 10-11, and 35.89 × 10-11 m2 s-1 at 45, 55, 65 and 75 °C, respectively, increasing with higher temperatures. Activation energy for liquid diffusion during drying was 21.186 kJ mol-1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n3p197-202 288 downloads

EXTRACTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FORMULATIONS OF ANABOLIC ANDROGENIC STEROIDS: A FORENSIC EDUCATIONAL APPROACH
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Berneira, Lucas M.

; Ritter, Marina

; Silva, Caroline C. da

; Poletti, Tais

; Passos, Luan F.

; Rosa, Bruno N. da

; Santos, Marco A. Z. dos

; Pereira, Claudio M. P. de

Química Nova

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Dez 2020, Volume 43 Nº 10 Páginas 1505 - 1509

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The use of anabolic androgenic steroids is largely restricted worldwide since they are associated with innumerous side effects and health damage. However, apprehensions of formulations of anabolic agents have been extensively increasing throughout the world, making their analysis a common task in the forensic field. In this sense, a set of three experiments was developed and applied to undergraduate students of Forensic Chemistry dealing with visual inspection of apprehended formulations of anabolic androgenic steroids as well as chemical identification by Infrared Spectroscopy and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. Moreover, the classroom evaluated the extraction of steroidal active ingredients by ultrasonic and microwave-assisted extraction. The experimental procedures allied with the theory behind these topics provided an important background to the students on distinct extraction methods and analytical techniques used in the analysis of anabolic agents. Finally, the classroom was led to critically evaluate and interpret the results as well as to question the adequacy of experimental methods used in forensic analysis to stimulate their critical thinking.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170607 196 downloads

10.

Extractos de los documentos de posicionamientos y recomendaciones mexicanas en enfermedades cardiovasculares y COVID-19
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Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Gutiérrez-Fajardo, Pedro

; Cabrera-Rayo, Alfredo

; Sosa-Caballero, Alejandro

; Piña-Reyna, Yigal

; Merino-Rajme, José A.

; Heredia-Delgado, José A.

; Cruz-Alvarado, Jaime E.

; Galindo-Uribe, Jaime

; Rogel-Martínez, Ulises

; González-Hermosillo, Jesús A.

; Ávila-Vanzzini, Nydia

; Sánchez-Carranza, Jesús A.

; Jímenez-Orozco, Jorge H.

; Sahagún-Sánchez, Guillermo

; Fanghänel-Salmón, Guillermo

; Albores-Figueroa, Rosenberg

; Carrillo-Esper, Raúl

; Reyes-Terán, Gustavo

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Ríos, Manuel Odín de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; Cortés-Lawrenz, Jorge

; Leiva-Pons, José L.

; Ortiz-Fernández, Patricio H.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Madrid-Miller, Alejandra

; Saturno-Chiu, Guillermo

; Beltrán-Nevárez, Octavio

; Enciso-Muñoz, José M.

; García-Rincón, Andrés

; Pérez-Soriano, Patricia

; Herrera-Gomar, Magali

; Lozoya del Rosal, José J.

; Fajardo-Juárez, Armando I.

; Olmos-Temois, Sergio G.

; Rodríguez-Reyes, Humberto

; Ortiz-Galván, Fernando

; Márquez-Murillo, Manlio F.

; Celaya-Cota, Manuel de J.

; Cigarroa-López, José A.

; Magaña-Serrano, José A.

; Álvarez-Sangabriel, Amada

; Ruíz-Ruíz, Vicente

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Méndez-Ortíz, Arturo

; León-González, Salvador

; Guízar-Sánchez, Carlos

; Izaguirre-Ávila, Raúl

; Grimaldo-Gómez, Flavio A.

; Preciado-Anaya, Andrés

; Ruiz-Gastélum, Edith

; Fernández-Barros, Carlos L.

; Gordillo, Antonio

; Alonso-Sánchez, Jesús

; Cerón-Enríquez, Norma

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Silva-Torres, Jesús

; Pacheco-Beltrán, Nancy

; García-Saldivia, Marianna A.

; Pérez-Gámez, Juan C.

; Lezama-Urtecho, Carlos

; López-Uribe, Carlos

; López-Mora, Gerardo E.

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2020, Volume 90 Supl. 1 Páginas 100 - 110

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The recommendations in which the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) in conjunction with the National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico (ANCAM) as well as different Mexican medical associations linked to cardiology are presented, after a comprehensive and consensual review and analysis of the topics related to cardiovascular diseases in the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific positions are analyzed and responsible recommendations on general measures are given to patients, with personal care, healthy eating, regular physical activity, actions in case of cardio-respiratory arrest, protection of the patient and health personnel as well as precise indications in the use of non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, prescription of medications, care in specific topics such as systemic arterial hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes, in addition to emphasizing electrophysiology, interventionism, cardiac surgery and in cardiac rehabilitation. The main interest is to provide the medical community with a general orientation on what to do in daily practice and patients with cardiovascular diseases in the setting of this unprecedented epidemiological crisis of COVID-19.

Resumen Se presentan las recomendaciones en las cuales la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) en conjunto con la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM), así como diferentes asociaciones médicas mexicanas vinculadas con la cardiología, después de una revisión y análisis exhaustivo y consensuado sobre los tópicos relacionados con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la pandemia de COVID-19, se analizan posturas científicas y se dan recomendaciones responsables sobre medidas generales a los pacientes, con cuidados personales, alimentación saludable, actividad física regular, acciones en caso de paro cardiorrespiratorio, la protección del paciente y del personal de salud así como las indicaciones precisas en el uso de la imagen cardiovascular no invasiva, la prescripción de medicamentos, cuidados en tópicos específicos como en la hipertensión arterial sistémica, insuficiencia cardiaca, arritmias y síndromes coronarios agudos, además de hacer énfasis en los procedimientos de electrofisiología, intervencionismo, cirugía cardiaca y en la rehabilitación cardiaca. El interés principal es brindar a la comunidad médica una orientación general sobre el quehacer en la práctica cotidiana y pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares en el escenario esta crisis epidemiológica sin precedentes de COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m20000057 445 downloads

11.

Consenso Mexicano de Mieloma Múltiple
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Peña-Celaya, José A. de la

; Aguilar-Luevano, Jocelyn

; Alcivar-Cedeño, Luisa María

; Álvarez-Vera, José L.

; Anaya-Cuellar, Irene

; Añorve-Hernández, Erika

; Arana-Luna, Luara L.

; Arteaga-Ortíz, Luis

; Báez-Islas, Pamela E.

; Banda-García, Luisa I.

; Bates-Martín, Ramón A.

; Campa-Monroy, Dafne Itzel

; Cardiel-Silva, Mariela

; Castillo-Salas, Ángel de Jesús

; Cota-Rangel, Xóchitl

; Díaz-Vargas, Guillermo

; Espitia-Ríos, M. Eugenia

; Estrada-Domínguez, Patricia

; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse

; García-Camacho, Alinka

; García-Castillo, Carolina

; Garzón-Velásquez, Katheryn B.

; Gil-Rondero, Carlos

; Hernández-Colín, Ana K.

; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar

; Hernández-Alcántara, Areli E.

; Hernández-Cervantes, Silvia A.

; Herrera-Olivares, Wilfrido

; Ignacio-Ibarra, Gregorio

; Inclán-Alarcón, Sergio I.

; Leyto-Cruz, Faustino

; Macías-Flores, Juan P.

; Martínez-de la Vega, Andrea

; Martínez-Ramírez, Mario A.

; Martínez-Coronel, Jorge

; Medina-Coral, Jesús E.

; Meza-Dávalos, Lizeth

; Montoya-Jiménez, Leire

; Morales-Hernández, Alba

; Morales-López, Elizabeth

; Morales-Adrián, Javier de Jesús

; Morales-de Azcué, Maricruz

; Mújica-Martínez, Aldo

; Murillo-Cruz, Juan L.

; Nájera-Martínez, Jéssica

; Narváez-Sarmiento, Iris M.

; Nava-Villegas, Lorena

; Nava-Alpide, Marco A.

; Orellana-Garibay, Juan J.

; Palafox-Zaldívar, María Teresa

; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.

; Paredes-Lozano, Eugenia P.

; Pedraza-Colín, María Luisa

; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.

; Pérez-Lizardi, Alejandra B.

; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio

; Romero-Martínez, Eduardo

; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda

; Ruiz-Contreras, Josué

; Saavedra-González, Azucena

; Saucedo-Montes, Erick

; Silva-Michel, Luis G.

; Silva-Vera, Karina

; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar

; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy

; Ventura-Enríquez, Yanet

; Villela-Peña, Atenas

; Vilchis-González, Shendel P.

; Zapata-Canto, Nidia

; Zárate-Rodríguez, Pedro A.

; Alvarado-Ibarra, Martha

Gaceta médica de México

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2020, Volume 156 Supl. 2 Páginas 1 - 49

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract To identify this increasingly common pathology, known as Multiple Myeloma, it is necessary to refer to the specific factors that characterize it; to this end, the classic criteria known as CRAB (hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia and lytic lesions) are available, in which renal failure is one of the most frequent complications. Recently, 3 indisputable biomarkers have been described for the diagnostic support for Multiple Myeloma, which are: more than 10% of clonal plasma cells in BM or, a biopsy that corroborates the presence of a plasmacytoma, light chain ratio ≥100 mg/dL and more than one focal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A differential diagnosis for plasma cell leukemia, solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma should always be considered. Being this an incurable disease, a lot of research has been done regarding its therapeutic management, whose main objective is the disappearance of plasma cells and the patient clinical improvement. Melphalan was the first drug that showed a benefit in 1958 and afterwards, with the addition of a steroid as a second drug, it was possible to improve response rates. Subsequently, different molecules were studied, forming multiple combinations, and achieving better rates of Overall Survival and Progression-Free Survival. Years later, with the arrival of proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib, and immunomodulators such as thalidomide and lenalidomide, an important turnaround in the disease has been seen, as deeper responses, more prolonged remissions, and improvement in the quality of life of patients have been achieved. This consensus has the purpose of integrating a group of Mexican specialists and promoting the updating of this pathology.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m20000392 223 downloads

12.

Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa sobre óptica geométrica apoiada por vídeos, aplicativos e jogos para smartphones
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Ferreira, Marcello

; Silva Filho, Olavo L.

; Moreira, Marco A.

; Franz, Gustavo B.

; Portugal, Khalil O.

; Nogueira, Danielle X. P.

Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Física

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2020, Volume 42 elocation e20200057

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O perfil dos estudantes na era da cultura digital mudou drasticamente, promovendo deslocamento de elementos que possibilitam o engajamento ao ensino adotado. Entretanto, mantém-se a necessidade de se buscar a aprendizagem significativa, capaz de superar a aprendizagem mecânica que grassa pelo sistema educacional brasileiro. Para isso, é necessário articular elementos e procedimentos tanto das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação quanto das estratégias ativas que fomentem aprendizagem significativa. Neste trabalho, é apresentada, discutida e avaliada uma sequência didática sobre óptica geométrica que abrange grande parte do conteúdo usualmente apresentado no Ensino Médio. Faz-se uso de vídeos, aplicativos e jogos para smartphones, modulados por uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativas (UEPS), articulando aprendizagem significativa no contexto concreto da construção de um material instrucional. Também são referenciados mecanismos e estratégias que podem incorporar metodologias ativas no contexto da UEPS. A sequência didática foi aplicada a um conjunto de alunos do Ensino Médio e os resultados são apresentados, juntamente à análise reflexiva da aplicação e a sugestões de aprimoramento. De maneira geral, a UEPS produziu diversos indícios de aprendizagem significativa e acredita-se que, a partir das sugestões de aprimoramento, é capaz de possibilitar mais episódios de aprendizagem significativa nos estudantes.

Abstract The profile of students in the era of digital culture has drastically changed, which shifted the elements that enable their engagement to the adopted teaching methods. However, the need to seek meaningful learning of students in this context, capable of overcoming the mechanical learning that rages through the Brazilian educational system, remains. It is important to articulate elements and procedures of both Digital Information and Communication Technologies and active strategies capable of producing meaningful learning. In this paper, we present a didactic sequence about geometric optics that covers a large part of the content usually presented in high school. Smartphone games, apps and videos are used, modulated by the use of a didactic sequence based on Potentially Meaningful Teaching Units (PMTU), which articulates meaningful learning in the concrete context of the construction of an instructional material. Mechanisms and strategies that can incorporate active methodologies in the context of PMTU are also referenced. The didactic sequence was applied to a group of high school students and the results are presented, along with a reflexive analysis of the application and suggestions for improvement. Overall, PMTU has produced several indications of meaningful learning and it is believed that from the suggestions for improvement, it is capable of engaging students in more episodes of meaningful learning.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9126-rbef-2020-0057 1726 downloads

13.

Thermodynamic and nutritional properties and drying kinetics of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Cambess) mesocarp
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Souza, Jéssica L. F.

; Oliveira, Daniel E. C.

; Plácido, Geovana R.

; Egea, Mariana B.

; Caliari, Márcio

; Silva, Marco A. P. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Set 2019, Volume 23 Nº 9 Páginas 655 - 661

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se ajustar modelos matemáticos aos dados experimentais da secagem do mesocarpo externo do pequi, determinar o coeficiente de difusão efetivo, e obter a energia de ativação e as propriedades termodinâmicas e nutricionais em diferentes condições de secagem. O mesocarpo dos frutos de pequi com teor de água inicial de 5,05 (base seca, decimal), foi submetido à secagem em estufa de ventilação forçada nas temperaturas de 40, 50, 60 e 70 °C até atingir o teor de água final de 0,15 ± 0,01 (base seca, decimal). Os modelos matemáticos foram ajustados por análise de regressão não linear pelo método Gauss-Newton, sendo considerada a magnitude do coeficiente de determinação (R2), do erro médio relativo (P) e do erro médio estimado (SE). Entre os modelos analisados, Midilli apresentou o melhor ajuste aos resultados. O coeficiente de difusão efetivo aumentou com a elevação da temperatura, e a energia de ativação para a difusão líquida na secagem foi de 11,011 kJ mol-1. A entalpia de ativação diminuiu com o aumento da temperatura de secagem, enquanto a entropia e a energia livre de Gibbs de ativação aumentaram com o acréscimo da temperatura de secagem. O produto obtido a partir da secagem possui baixo teor lipídico e elevado teor de carboidratos, enquanto que temperaturas a partir de 70 °C podem causar desnaturação e/ou complexação proteica. A temperatura de 60 °C é mais indicada para obtenção do farináceo do mesocarpo do pequi, devido ao menor tempo de processamento com manutenção da qualidade nutricional.

ABSTRACT The objectives of this study were to fit mathematical models to the experimental data of the drying of the pequi mesocarp, determine the effective diffusion coefficient, and to obtain activation energy and thermodynamic and nutritional properties in different drying conditions. The mesocarp of pequi fruits, with an initial moisture content of 5.05 (decimal, dry basis), was dried in a forced ventilation oven at temperatures of 40, 50, 60 and 70 °C until the final moisture content of 0.15 ± 0.01 (decimal, dry basis). The mathematical models were adjusted by non-linear regression analysis using the Gauss-Newton method, considering the magnitude of the coefficient of determination (R2), the mean relative error (P) and the estimated mean error (SE). Among the models analyzed, the Midilli model presented the best fit. The effective diffusion coefficient increased with increase in temperature, and the activation energy on drying was 11.011 kJ mol-1. The enthalpy decreased with an increase in the drying temperature, while the entropy and Gibbs free energy increased with the drying temperature. The product obtained from drying has low lipid and high carbohydrate concentration, while temperatures above 70 °C could cause denaturation and/or protein complexation. The temperature of 60 °C is most suitable to obtain flour of pequi mesocarp, due to the shorter processing time while maintaining the nutritional quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n9p655-661 708 downloads

14.

Nutritional quality of the epicarp and mesocarp flours of baru fruits submitted to drying
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Silva, Daiana V.

; Oliveira, Daniel E. C. de

; Resende, Osvaldo

; Silva, Marco A. P. da

; Barcelos, Keyla R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jan 2019, Volume 23 Nº 1 Páginas 65 - 70

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) é uma arbórea nativa do cerrado. O processo secagem e moagem pode ser uma alternativa para o aproveitamento e conservação dos frutos de baru. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da secagem dos frutos sobre as características nutricionais das farinhas do epicarpo + mesocarpo de baru. Os frutos foram coletados na cidade de Santa Helena de Goiás, Goiás, higienizados e submetidos à secagem em estufa com circulação de ar nas temperaturas de 40, 60, 80 e 100 ºC até apresentarem massa constante. As análises foram realizadas em triplicata e os resultados avaliados por análise de variância e teste Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). As farinhas produzidas de frutos desidratados apresentaram redução dos teores de lipídeos (tratamentos 100 °C), valor energético (60 e 80 °C), pH, sólidos solúveis, massa especifica aparente e carotenoides em relação a amostra controle, e valores elevados de acidez, atividade antioxidante e fenólicos totais. A análise de FTIR demostrou perda de nutrientes.

ABSTRACT Baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) is a native tree of the Cerrado. The drying and milling process can be an alternative for the use and conservation of baru fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drying on the nutritional characteristics of the epicarp + mesocarp flour of baru fruits. The fruits were collected in the municipality of Santa Helena de Goiás, Goiás, sanitized and submitted to drying in an oven with air circulation at temperatures of 40, 60, 80 and 100 ºC until they had a constant mass. The analyses were performed in triplicate and the results evaluated by analysis of variance and Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Flours produced from dehydrated fruits had a reduction in lipid content (treatments 100 °C), energy value (60 and 80 °C), pH, soluble solids, apparent specific mass and carotenoids in relation to the control sample, and high values of acidity, antioxidant activity and total phenolics. FTIR analysis showed nutrient loss.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n1p65-70 875 downloads

15.

Fe de errores a «Creación de un Currículo de Competencias en Cariología para Estudiantes de Pregrado de Odontología en Chile»
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Giacaman, Rodrigo A.

; Aranguiz, Vicente

; Botelho, Juliana

; Bustos, Ivonne P.

; Cabello, Rodrigo

; Candiales, Yuliana

; Carrizo, Ana María

; Carvajal, Claudia

; Castro, Ramiro

; Castro, René

; Díaz, Jaime

; Díaz-Yokens, Marco

; Díaz-Dosque, Mario

; Diaz-Garrido, Natalia

; Durán, Gerardo

; Faleiros, Simone

; Flores, Mario

; Fonseca, Juan

; Fontana, Margherita

; Gajardo, Manuel

; Gómez, Marianela

; Gonzalez-Cabezas, Carlos

; González, Sergio

; Irribarra, Roberto

; Jara, Gisela

; León, Soraya

; Marró, María Loreto

; Mautz, Claudia

; Mustakis, Alexandra

; Onetto, Juan Eduardo

; Ortiz, María Eugenia

; Pérez, Darwin

; Pérez, Vidal

; Ramírez, Valeria

; Rodríguez, Gonzalo

; Rojas, Valeria

; Ruiz, Begoña

; Silva, Alfredo

; Urzúa, Iván

; Valle, Carolina del

; Zaror, Carlos

; Moncada, Gustavo

Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral

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Ago 2018, Volume 11 Nº 2 Páginas 129 - 129

Resumo: Es | Texto: Es | PDF: Es

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