Pesquisa | SciELO

Natural additives with antioxidant properties can be used as biodegradable and sustainable alternatives to synthetic products, because they can inhibit the biodiesel oxidation reaction, increasing oxidative stability and extending its storage period. This research evaluated the efficiency of jabuticaba peels, gabiroba leaves, and hibiscus flowers in ethanolic extracts, analyzing through the simplex-centroid design, the induction periods (IP) and rate constants (k) of the biodiesel oxidation reaction at 110 °C. Antioxidant activity was observed in all extracts, either decreasing k or increasing the IP. The mathematical models obtained showed coefficients of determination greater than 0.9400, a non-significant lack of fit at the 5% level, and low dispersion between predicted and experimental data, indicating that the 1st order reaction fit was appropriate and can be used for predictive purposes. In this work, the optimization was performed with maximization of IP and minimization of k showing that the mixture containing 25% of jabuticaba peels extract and 75% of gabiroba leaves extract was the most suitable, because proportionally increased the IP and decreased k of the biodiesel oxidation reaction. It is possible to suggest the use of jabuticaba peels extract or gabiroba leaves extract as well as various combinations between them as antioxidant additives.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230090

Journalistic media and adolescents in the COVID-19 pandemic: a documental analysis
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Oliveira, Marcela Claudia de Paula

; Costa, Emilia Chagas

; Silva, Lygia Maria Pereira da

; Barbosa, Livia Novaes Vieira

; Barros, Mauro Virgilio Gomes de

; Mota Filho, José Henrique Cavalcanti

; Correia Junior, Marco Aurelio de Valois

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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2024, Volume 42 elocation e2023041

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze how the journalistic media has described the issues of quality of life (QoL), physical activity (PA) and mental health (MH) of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a descriptive and qualitative study that used content analysis. Sixty-two journalistic publications were analyzed from a total of 8211 published by the most read newspapers in each Brazilian region between December 2019 and August 2021. Results: The results were grouped and evaluated in three categories: QoL (n=11), PA (n =9) and MH (n=42). In the analyzed period, the adolescents had more time of exposure to screens, contributing to an inadequate diet, a decrease in PA and impairments in QoL. According to the media publications, the pandemic has also contributed to an increase in anxiety, depression, loneliness and fear resulting from the mental and emotional disorganization caused by the abrupt change in routine. Social vulnerability was presented as an aggravating factor in this context. The journalistic media did not pay the necessary attention to adolescents regarding the negative consequences of the pandemic on QoL, PA and MH. Conclusions: The analyzed reports showed that the pandemic caused a decrease in social interaction, feelings of uncertainty, fear and the appearance/exacerbation of symptoms of anxiety, stress and depression. Social vulnerability was presented as another obstacle to be faced in this problem.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar como a mídia jornalística tem descrito as questões de qualidade de vida (QV), atividade física (AF) e saúde mental (SM) de adolescentes durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e qualitativo que utilizou a análise de conteúdo. Foram analisadas 62 publicações jornalísticas do total de 8.211 veiculadas pelos jornais mais lidos de cada região brasileira entre dezembro de 2019 e agosto de 2021. Resultados: Os resultados foram agrupados e avaliados em três categorias: QV (n=11), AF (n=9) e SM (n=42). No período analisado as publicações jornalísticas sugerem que os adolescentes apresentaram maior tempo de exposição a telas, contribuindo para uma alimentação inadequada, diminuição da AF e prejuízos na QV. A pandemia também contribuiu com aumento da ansiedade, depressão, solidão e medo resultantes da desorganização mental e emocional causada pela mudança abrupta de rotina. A vulnerabilidade social apresentou-se como um fator agravante nesse contexto. As mídias jornalísticas não deram a atenção necessária aos adolescentes no que se refere às consequências negativas da pandemia na QV, AF e SM. Conclusões: As reportagens analisadas mostraram que a pandemia causou diminuição na interação social, sentimentos de incerteza, medo e o aparecimento/exacerbação de sintomas de ansiedade, estresse e depressão. A vulnerabilidade social apresentou-se como mais um obstáculo a ser enfrentado nesta problemática.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-0462/2024/42/2023041

Posicionamento do Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre o Uso do Strain Miocárdico na Rotina do Cardiologista – 2023
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Almeida, André Luiz Cerqueira

; Melo, Marcelo Dantas Tavares de

; Bihan, David Costa de Souza Le

; Vieira, Marcelo Luiz Campos

; Pena, José Luiz Barros

; Del Castillo, José Maria

; Abensur, Henry

; Hortegal, Renato de Aguiar

; Otto, Maria Estefania Bosco

; Piveta, Rafael Bonafim

; Dantas, Maria Rosa

; Assef, Jorge Eduardo

; Beck, Adenalva Lima de Souza

; Santo, Thais Harada Campos Espirito

; Silva, Tonnison de Oliveira

; Salemi, Vera Maria Cury

; Rocon, Camila

; Lima, Márcio Silva Miguel

; Barberato, Silvio Henrique

; Rodrigues, Ana Clara

; Rabschkowisky, Arnaldo

; Frota, Daniela do Carmo Rassi

; Gripp, Eliza de Almeida

; Barretto, Rodrigo Bellio de Mattos

; Silva, Sandra Marques e

; Cauduro, Sanderson Antonio

; Pinheiro, Aurélio Carvalho

; Araujo, Salustiano Pereira de

; Tressino, Cintia Galhardo

; Silva, Carlos Eduardo Suaide

; Monaco, Claudia Gianini

; Paiva, Marcelo Goulart

; Fisher, Cláudio Henrique

; Alves, Marco Stephan Lofrano

; Grau, Cláudia R. Pinheiro de Castro

; Santos, Maria Veronica Camara dos

; Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto

; Morhy, Samira Saady

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Soares, Andressa Mussi

; Cruz, Cecilia Beatriz Bittencourt Viana

; Guimarães Filho, Fabio Villaça

; Assunção, Bruna Morhy Borges Leal

; Fernandes, Rafael Modesto

; Saraiva, Roberto Magalhães

; Tsutsui, Jeane Mike

; Soares, Fábio Luis de Jesus

; Falcão, Sandra Nívea dos Reis Saraiva

; Hotta, Viviane Tiemi

; Armstrong, Anderson da Costa

; Hygidio, Daniel de Andrade

; Miglioranza, Marcelo Haertel

; Camarozano, Ana Cristina

; Lopes, Marly Maria Uellendahl

; Cerci, Rodrigo Julio

; Siqueira, Maria Eduarda Menezes de

; Torreão, Jorge Andion

; Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo

; Felix, Alex

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Dez 2023, Volume 120 Nº 12 elocation e20230646

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20230646

Sialendoscopy for treatment of major salivary glands diseases: a comprehensive analysis of published systematic reviews and meta-analyses
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Kallas-Silva, Lucas

; Azevedo, Maria Fernanda Dias

; Matos, Fátima Cristina Mendes de

; Petrarrolha, Silvia Picado

; Dedivitis, Rogério Aparecido

; Kulcsar, Marco Aurélio Vamondes

; Matos, Leandro Luongo

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Out 2023, Volume 89 Nº 5 elocation 101293

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives: Sialendoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure used to diagnose and treat obstructive salivary gland diseases. Previous studies in the topic have shown mixed results. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sialendoscopy through previous systematic reviews for different outcomes of several diseases. We also aimed to assess studies’ methodological quality and heterogeneity. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive systematic literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Lilacs and Cochrane Library. We included systematic reviews and meta-analyses that used sialendoscopy to treat both lithiasic and alithiasic salivary glands diseases. Data extraction included studies' characteristics and results. We assessed studies' methodological quality using the AMSTAR-2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2) tool. Results: 13 studies were included in the review, being 9 in adult populations and 4 in pediatric populations. Sialendoscopy proved to be effective at the treatment of different lithiasic and other obstructive diseases, but with important heterogeneity. The technique was also considered highly safe in most studies. However, studies had a critically low quality of evidence. Conclusions: Most studies demonstrated high efficacy and safety of sialendoscopy, but with critically low quality of evidence. We still lack randomized studies in this field, and future systematic reviews on the topic should follow current guidelines to improve conduction and reporting.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101293

High prevalence of hepatitis B virus and low vaccine response in children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil
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Castro, Rogério Soares

; Cordeiro, Bárbara Silva

; Rolim, Marco Aurélio Ferreira

; Costa, Alessandra Porto de Macedo

; Santos, Max Diego Cruz

; Silva, Marcos Antonio Custódio Neto da

; Albuquerque, Ingrid de Campos

; Fonseca, Lena Maria Barros

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Gouvêa, Michelle Soares Gomes

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

; Ferreira, Adalgisa de Souza Paiva

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e33

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Children have an increased likelihood of becoming carriers of the chronic hepatitis B virus. A total of 1,381 children and adolescents were assessed in five municipalities of Maranhao State, Brazil, for detection of anti-HBc, HBsAg and anti-HBs serologic markers and sociodemographic and behavioral features. Among those who were HBsAg negative and anti-HBc negative, the proportion of anti-HBs positives was calculated after the individuals had completed the vaccination schedule. The robust variance of the Poisson’s regression model was used in order to have adjusted tables and calculate the prevalence ratio. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with the prevalence of anti-HBc with or without HBsAg and the vaccine response. It was observed that 163 children were anti-HBc positive and nine individuals were HBsAg positive. The factors associated with the infection were: municipality of residence (residing in Morros municipality or Humberto de Campos municipality), residence in a rural area, aged between 13 and 15 years old, and illicit drug use. The percentage of individuals who were anti-HBc negative and received all three doses of the vaccine was 48.5%. Among these, only 276 (38.9%) had antibodies at protective concentrations. In an adjusted analysis, Morros municipality presented an increased positivity of vaccine response (p < 0.001), and the age ranging between 6 and 10 years old presented a reduced frequency of response. This study reveals a high prevalence of current and past HBV infection within the targeted age group which, in addition to the low vaccination coverage and serological responses, raises concerns about the management of prevention measures, especially the quality of vaccination in these locations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365033

Anthropometric measurements and their association with endothelial function and arterial stiffness of eutrophic individuals and with overweight
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Ferigollo, Ariélen

; Chemello, Diego

; Pavão, Tábata Pereira

; Saffi, Marco Aurélio Lumertz

; Stein, Carolina dos Santos

; Moresco, Rafael Noal

; Souza, Lucas Silva de

; Moreira, Carlos Heitor Cunha

; Signori, Luis Ulisses

; Chagas, Patrícia

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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2023, Volume 67 Nº 5 elocation e000617

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the association of anthropometric measurements with endothelial function and arterial stiffness of eutrophic individuals and with overweight. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with individuals with body mass index (BMI) between 18.5 kg/m² and < 30 kg/m², low to intermediate global cardiovascular risk scores, and aged ≥ 18 and < 60 years. We assessed the sociodemographic data, anthropometric variables (body weight, height, circumferences of the waist [WC], neck [NC], hip [HC], sagittal abdominal diameter [SAD], [BMI], waist-to-hip ratio [WHR], and waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]), biochemical parameters (lipid profile and nitric oxide), endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation [FMD], by ultrasound), and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [PWV] and the amplification index [AIx@75] by oscillometry). Thirty-six individuals were included, 18 eutrophic and 18 with overweight, with a mean age of 37.5 ± 10.2 years, mostly at low cardiovascular risk (86.1%), female (80.6%), single (52.8%), employed with formal contracts (44.4%), and with over twelve years of education (88.9%). Results: The PWV presented positive and moderate correlation with the WC (r = 0.584; P = 0.001), WHR (r = 0.513; P = 0.001), and WHtR (r = 0.590; P = 0.001), and positive and low correlation with the NC (r = 0.372; P = 0.013) and SAD (r = 0.356; P = 0.033). Moreover, no anthropometric parameter presented a correlation with the AIx@75 or the FMD percentage in the total sample. Conclusion: Our findings show that in eutrophic individuals and with overweight the WC, WHR, WHtR, SAD, and NC were positively correlated with the PWV but not to the endothelial function in the overall sample. These are hypothesis-generating findings and they should be replicated in other studies.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000617

Translation and validity of the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure
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Ferreira, Jéssica Diniz Rodrigues

; Miranda, Mariana Figueiredo

; Miranda, Millena Figueiredo

; Romano-Silva, Marco Aurélio

; Bicalho, Maria Aparecida Camargos

; Viana, Bernardo de Mattos

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2023, Volume 76 Nº 4 elocation e20220696

Resumo: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: to translate, culturally adapt and validate the Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure to Brazilian Portuguese. Method: after initial translation, the pre-final version underwent rigorous cultural adaptation procedures. As a result, the final adapted version was submitted to a validity study. Results: adaptation procedures provided equivalence between the pre-final and the original versions in semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual terms. A total of 187 older adults were included in the validity study. Exploratory factorial analysis (EFA) generated a model of five factors ((RMSEA = 0.030; TLI = 0.959; X2 = 151.590 p> 0.05). Final version showed adequate consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.705) and test-retest reliability (ICC=0.835). No statistically significant correlation was found between resilience and sociodemographic and epidemiological variables assessed in this study. Conclusion: EMRII-BR is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring resilience in Brazilian older adults.

RESUMEN Objetivo: traducir, adaptar culturalmente y validar el Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure para el portugués brasileño. Método: después de la traducción inicial, la versión pre-final pasó por rigurosos procedimientos de adaptación cultural. Como resultado, la versión final adaptada fue sometida a un estudio de validez. Resultados: los procedimientos de adaptación proporcionaron equivalencia entre las versiones pre-final y original en términos semánticos, idiomáticos, experienciales y conceptuales. Un total de 187 ancianos fueron incluidos en el estudio de validez. El análisis factorial exploratorio (AFE) generó un modelo de cinco factores ((RMSEA = 0,030; TLI = 0,959; X2 = 151,590 p> 0,05). La versión final mostró adecuada consistencia (α de Cronbach = 0,705) y confiabilidad prueba-reprueba (ICC=0,835). No se encontró correlación estadísticamente significativa entre la resiliencia y las variables sociodemográficas y epidemiológicas evaluadas en este estudio. Conclusión: EMRII-BR es un instrumento válido y confiable para medir la resiliencia en ancianos brasileños.

RESUMO Objetivo: traduzir, adaptar culturalmente e validar o Multidimensional Individual and Interpersonal Resilience Measure para o português brasileiro. Método: após a tradução inicial, a versão pré-final passou por rigorosos procedimentos de adaptação cultural. Como resultado, a versão final adaptada foi submetida a um estudo de validade. Resultados: os procedimentos de adaptação proporcionaram equivalência entre as versões pré-final e original em termos semânticos, idiomáticos, experienciais e conceituais. Um total de 187 idosos foram incluídos no estudo de validade. A análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) gerou um modelo de cinco fatores ((RMSEA = 0,030; TLI = 0,959; X2 = 151,590 p> 0,05). A versão final apresentou consistência adequada (α de Cronbach = 0,705) e confiabilidade teste-reteste (ICC=0,835). Não foi encontrada correlação estatisticamente significativa entre a resiliência e as variáveis sociodemográficas e epidemiológicas avaliadas neste estudo. Conclusão: o EMRII-BR é um instrumento válido e confiável para mensurar a resiliência em idosos brasileiros.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2022-0696

Interrater reliability for the detection of cortical lesions on phase-sensitive inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging in patients with multiple sclerosis
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Caneda, Marco Aurelio Gralha de

; Rizzo, Marjana Reis Lima

; Furlin, Gabriela

; Kupske, Abraão

; Valentini, Bruna Bressan

; Ortiz, Rafaela Fiss

; Silva, Camila Batista de Oliveira

; Vecino, Maria Cecilia Aragon de

Radiologia Brasileira

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2023, Volume 56 Nº 4 Páginas 187 - 194

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective: To assess the reliability of phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its accuracy for determining the topography of demyelinating cortical lesions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary referral center for MS and other demyelinating disorders. We assessed the agreement among three raters for the detection and topographic classification of cortical lesions on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and PSIR sequences in patients with MS. Results: We recruited 71 patients with MS. The PSIR sequences detected 50% more lesions than did the FLAIR sequences. For detecting cortical lesions, the level of interrater agreement was satisfactory, with a mean free-response kappa (κFR) coefficient of 0.60, whereas the mean κFR for the topographic reclassification of the lesions was 0.57. On PSIR sequences, the raters reclassified 366 lesions (20% of the lesions detected on FLAIR sequences), with excellent interrater agreement. There was a significant correlation between the total number of lesions detected on PSIR sequences and the Expanded Disability Status Scale score (ρ = 0.35; p < 0.001). Conclusion: It seems that PSIR sequences perform better than do FLAIR sequences, with clinically satisfactory interrater agreement, for the detection and topographic classification of cortical lesions. In our sample of patients with MS, the PSIR MRI findings were significantly associated with the disability status, which could influence decisions regarding the treatment of such patients.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a confiabilidade da sequência PSIR e sua precisão no diagnóstico topográfico de lesões corticais desmielinizantes em pacientes com esclerose múltipla (EM). Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em centro de referência terciário para EM e distúrbios desmielinizantes. Avaliamos a concordância entre três avaliadores na identificação e classificação topográfica de lesões corticais na ressonância magnética de pacientes com EM, utilizando as sequências FLAIR e PSIR. Resultados: Foram incluídos 71 pacientes com EM. Em PSIR detectou-se 1,5× mais lesões do que em FLAIR, com concordância satisfatória entre examinadores na identificação de lesões corticais, com coeficiente kappa de resposta livre (κFR) = 0,60, e na reclassificação topográfica das lesões, com κFR médio = 0,57. Os avaliadores reclassificaram 366 lesões em PSIR (20% das lesões detectadas em FLAIR), com excelente concordância. Houve correlação significativa do total de lesões detectadas em PSIR e o escore da escala de incapacidade EDSS (ρ = 0,35; p < 0,001). Conclusão: PSIR mostrou-se superior na detecção de lesões corticais e na classificação topográfica destas em comparação ao FLAIR, com concordâncias entre examinadores clinicamente satisfatórias. A associação significativa entre o número de lesões corticais em PSIR e o grau de incapacidade dos pacientes pode influenciar em decisões terapêuticas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2022.0116

Psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the UPPS-P impulsive behavior scale for children and adolescents
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Machado, Yuri de Castro

; Paula, Jonas Jardim de

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro Fernandes

; Miranda, Débora Marques de

; Romano-Silva, Marco Aurélio

Jornal de Pediatria

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2023, Volume 99 Nº 6 Páginas 588 - 596

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To translate and validate the version for children and adolescents of the UPPS-P scale into Brazilian Portuguese. Method: After a five-step translation process, the final draft was submitted to a panel of 12 different specialties experts. Subsequently, the application of the scale was applied concomitantly with the "Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Scale - Version IV" (SNAP-IV) and the "Child and Adolescent Behavior Inventory" (CABI) scale to analyze the correlation between them. Content Validity Index (CVI) and reliability were estimated by calculating internal consistency and analyzing its test-retest stability. Results: The items whose CVI was lower than 80% underwent a detailed analysis to verify the reason for the bad evaluation. Five items (3, 7, 11, 22 and 35) scored below 80% and were reassessed. There was high internal consistency in all parameters: Lack of premeditation (McDonald's omega = 0.806; Cronbach's alpha = 0.801), Negative Urgency (McDonald's omega = 0.838; Cronbach's alpha = 0.836), Sensation seeking (McDonald's omega = 0.826; Cronbach's alpha = 0.810), Lack of Perseverance (McDonald's omega = 0.800; Cronbach's alpha = 0.799) and Positive Urgency (McDonald's omega = 0.936; Cronbach's alpha = 0.934). A strong correlation was observed between UPPS-P features and impulsivity in behavioral assessments. Conclusions: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the UPPS-P scale is a good instrument to assess impulsivity in children and adolescents.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2023.04.008

10.

Effects of chronic restraint stress in the prostate of prepubertal and adult rats
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Procópio, Isabella Mendes

; Ribeiro, Carina Teixeira

; Marchon, Roger Gaspar

; Costa, Waldemar Silva

; Buys-Gonçalves, Gabriela Faria

; Sampaio, Francisco José Barcellos

; Pereira-Sampaio, Marco Aurélio

; Souza, Diogo Benchimol de

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2023, Volume 38 elocation e387123

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effects of chronic stress in the prostate of prepubertal and adult rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats were assigned into four groups depending on the type of treatment (control or stressed) and the age at which stress was initiated (prepubertal or adult). Restraint stress stimuli were applied for six weeks. Stressed prepubertal and adult rats evaluated immediately after the last stress stimuli were named SP and SA groups, respectively. Age-matched rats were used as control groups (CP and CA). At the end of the experiment, the rats were euthanized, and prostate morphological parameters were evaluated and statistically compared. Results: Application of stress stimuli to the SP group resulted in reduced body weight, but no prostate morphological modification was noted. The SA group showed reduced testosterone level and prostatic epithelium surface density, in comparison to CA group. Further, the prostatic lumen surface density was increased in adult stressed animals, in comparison to adult controls. Conclusions: The stress stimuli promoted changes in hormonal and morphological parameters in the prostate of adult stressed rats. Prepubertal stressed animals did not presented modifications of prostate morphology.

https://doi.org/10.1590/acb387123

11.

Cinzas de Pinus spp. e o mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo: reduções certificadas de emissões e créditos de carbono
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Winckler, José Roberto

; Carvalho Filho, Marco Aurélio da Silva

; Vasconcelos, Eliane Carvalho de

; Martines, Matheus Perotti

Ciência Florestal

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Dez 2022, Volume 32 Nº 4 Páginas 2219 - 2243

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The use of Pinus spp. as mineral addition or partial replacement of Portland cement, can provide the mitigation of CO2 emissions and the obtaining of carbon credits, through the clean development mechanism. This work assessed the potential for reducing CO2 emissions, through two approaches. The first approach used the ACM 0005 UNFCCC methodology, in a scenario to assess the feasibility of implementing a clean development mechanism project - CDM, covering the State of Paraná, using the ashes of Pinus spp. in partial replacement of clinker, in the production of Portland cement. The second approach analyzed the potential for reducing CO2 emissions, covering the Brazilian territory, using the ashes of Pinus spp. in partial replacement of Portland cement in the mixing of concrete, mortar and pastes. Elevations in CO2 emissions were observed due to the increase in the average distances in the transport of ash, in both approaches (128 km and 100 km, respectively). Even so, in the overall emission balances, reduction potentials were observed (10,800 t and 20,546 t of CO2, respectively). The results obtained allowed inferring the feasibility of implementing CDM projects and obtaining carbon credits through certified emission reductions - CERs.

Resumo A utilização das cinzas de Pinus spp. como adição mineral ou substituição parcial ao cimento Portland pode proporcionar a mitigação de emissões de CO2 e a obtenção de créditos de carbono, através do mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo. Este trabalho pretendeu avaliar o potencial de redução de emissões de CO2, através de duas abordagens. A primeira abordagem utilizou a metodologia ACM 0005 UNFCCC, em um cenário para avaliar a viabilidade de implementação de um projeto do mecanismo de desenvolvimento limpo - MDL, com abrangência para o Estado do Paraná, utilizando as cinzas de Pinus spp. em substituição parcial ao clínquer, na produção do cimento Portland. A segunda abordagem analisou o potencial de redução de emissões de CO2, com abrangência para o território brasileiro, utilizando as cinzas de Pinus spp. em substituição parcial ao cimento Portland na mixagem de concretos, argamassa e pastas. Foram observadas elevações nas emissões de CO2, pelo aumento nas distâncias médias no transporte das cinzas, nas duas abordagens (128 km e 100 km, respectivamente). Mesmo assim, nos balanços gerais das emissões, foram observados potenciais de redução (10.800 t e 20.546 t de CO2, respectivamente). Os resultados obtidos permitiram inferir pela viabilidade da implementação de projetos de MDL e da obtenção de créditos de carbono através da redução certificada de emissões - RCEs.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509867679

12.

BONE HEALTH ASSESSMENT OF ELDERLY PATIENTS UNDERGOING BARIATRIC SURGERY
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CORSI, Giovanna Cavanha

; PINHEIRO, Moisés Carmo dos Anjos

; CALDAS, Ana Paula Silva

; DIAS, Maria Carolina Gonçalves

; SANTO, Marco Aurelio

; PAJECKI, Denis

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia

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Dez 2022, Volume 59 Nº 4 Páginas 513 - 521

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Background: Bariatric surgery promotes changes in body composition, that can include the loss of bone mineral density (BMD). There is a lack of studies on the evolution of bone health of elderly people who underwent bariatric surgery, in general, and when comparing the gastric bypass (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) techniques. Objective: To evaluate the bone health of elderly patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Methods: This is a prospective randomized clinical study, that was carried out with individuals of both sexes, ≥65 years, undergoing GB or SG and who met the inclusion criteria. Age, gender and comorbidities (type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and osteoarthrosis) were collected and analyzed at baseline. Anthropometric data (weight, body mass index, percentage of weight loss, percentage of excess weight loss), laboratory tests related to bone health and bone mineral density were analyzed before and 24 months after surgery. Results: A total of 36 patients (GB, n=18; SG, n=18) were evaluated. At baseline, except for sex and preoperative body mass index, which was higher in GB, groups were similar. After 24 months, GB was superior for weight loss (%WL) and excess weight loss (%EWL). Regarding bone health, a significant decrease of BMD was observed in the spine, total proximal femur and femoral neck in all groups, with an average decrease of 5.1%, 10.5% and 15.1%, respectively. In addition, the observed decrease in BMD was up to 25% in the total femur after 24 months, six patients went from normal BMD to osteopenia and one from osteopenia to osteoporosis. There was no difference in parathormone values. However, there was an association between the increase in parathormone and the decrease in BMD in the spine, mainly in the GB group. There was no association between %WL and %EWL with the reduction in BMD. Conclusion: Bariatric surgery was related to the reduction of BMD in elderly patients, but there was no statistical difference between the two surgical techniques.

RESUMO Contexto: A cirurgia bariátrica promove mudanças na composição corporal, que incluem a perda de densidade mineral óssea (DMO). Faltam estudos que avaliem a evolução da saúde óssea de idosos que foram submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica, e sobre eventuais diferenças nessa evolução, quando comparadas as técnicas Bypass gástrico (BP) e gastrectomia vertical (GV). Objetivo: Avaliar a saúde óssea de pacientes idosos com obesidade submetidos a cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo prospectivo randomizado, realizado com indivíduos de ambos os sexos, ≥65 anos, submetidos a BP ou GV e que atendiam os critérios de inclusão. Idade, sexo e comorbidades (diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensão arterial, dislipidemia e osteoartrose) foram coletados no momento da cirurgia bariátrica. Dados antropométricos (peso, índice de massa corporal, percentual de perda de peso, percentual de excesso de peso), exames laboratoriais relacionados a saúde óssea e densitometria óssea foram realizados antes e com 24 meses de pós-operatório. A evolução das variáveis estudadas foi feita comparando o pré e pós-operatório da casuística como um todo e dos grupos separadamente e entre si. Resultados: Um total de 36 pacientes (BP, n=18; GV, n=18) foram avaliados. As características basais da amostra, exceto pelo sexo e índice de massa corporal, que era maior no BP, foram homogêneas. Após 24 meses, o BP foi superior para perda de peso (%PP) e perda de excesso de peso (%PEP). Quanto à saúde óssea, observou-se uma diminuição significante da DMO na coluna, fêmur proximal total e colo do fêmur em ambos os grupos, com uma média de queda de 5,1%, 10,5% e 15,1%, respectivamente. Além disso, a queda da DMO observada foi de até 25% no fêmur total após 24 meses, seis pacientes passaram de DMO normal para osteopenia e um de osteopenia para osteoporose. Não houve diferença nos valores de paratormônio. Entretanto, houve associação entre o aumento do paratormônio e a redução da DMO na coluna, particularmente no grupo BP. Não foi observado associação entre %PP e %PEP com a redução da DMO. Conclusão: A cirurgia bariátrica se relacionou com a redução da DMO, porém sem diferença estatística entre as duas técnicas cirúrgicas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0004-2803.202204000-91

13.

Biopsy of the olfactory epithelium from the superior nasal septum: is it possible to obtain neurons without damaging olfaction?
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Garcia, Ellen Cristine Duarte

; Luz, Lucas de Almeida

; Anzolin, Lucas Kanieski

; Barbosa da Silva, José Lucas

; Doty, Richard L.

; Pinna, Fábio de Rezende

; Voegels, Richard Louis

; Fornazieri, Marco Aurélio

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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Out 2022, Volume 88 Nº 5 Páginas 787 - 793

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução A biópsia do epitélio olfatório tem sido útil para estudar diversas doenças otorrinolaringológicas e neurológicas, incluindo seu potencial para melhor compreender a fisiopatologia por trás das manifestações olfatórias na COVID‐19. No entanto, a segurança e eficácia da técnica de obtenção de epitélio olfatório humano ainda não estão totalmente estabelecidas. Objetivos Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar a segurança e eficácia da coleta de células do epitélio olfatório, feixes nervosos e epitélio olfatório adequados para análise morfológica, no septo nasal superior. Método Durante a cirurgia nasal, 22 indivíduos sem queixas olfatórias foram submetidos a biópsias de epitélio olfatório do septo nasal superior. A eficácia da obtenção de epitélio olfatório, a verificação de epitélio olfatório íntegro e a presença de feixes nervosos nas biópsias foram avaliadas por imunofluorescência. A segurança da função olfatória foi testada psicofisicamente usando testes unilaterais e bilaterais antes e um mês após o procedimento cirúrgico. Resultados Epitélio olfatório foi encontrado em 59,1% dos sujeitos. Das amostras, 50% apresentaram a qualidade necessária para a caracterização morfológica e 90,9% continham feixes nervosos. Não houve diferença nos escores psicofísicos obtidos no teste olfatório bilateral (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT®]) entre as médias antes da biópsia: 32,3 vs. pós‐operatório: 32,5, p = 0,81. Além disso, nenhuma diminuição significante ocorreu no teste unilateral (escore médio do teste unilateral 6 vs. 6,2, p = 0,46). Não houve redução significante na identificação de nenhum dos 56 odorantes diferentes (p > 0,05). Conclusão A técnica descrita para biópsia de epitélio olfatório é altamente eficaz na obtenção de tecido olfatório neuronal, mas tem eficácia moderada na obtenção de amostras adequadas para análise morfológica. A capacidade olfativa permaneceu intacta.

Abstract Introduction Olfactory epithelium biopsy has been useful for studying diverse otorhinolaryngological and neurological diseases, including the potential to better understand the pathophysiology behind COVID-19 olfactory manifestations. However, the safety and efficacy of the technique for obtaining human olfactory epithelium are still not fully established. Objective This study aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of harvesting olfactory epithelium cells, nerve bundles, and olfactory epithelium proper for morphological analysis from the superior nasal septum. Methods During nasal surgery, 22 individuals without olfactory complaints underwent olfactory epithelium biopsies from the superior nasal septum. The efficacy of obtaining olfactory epithelium, verification of intact olfactory epithelium and the presence of nerve bundles in biopsies were assessed using immunofluorescence. Safety for the olfactory function was tested psychophysically using both unilateral and bilateral tests before and 1 month after the operative procedure. Results Olfactory epithelium was found in 59.1% of the subjects. Of the samples, 50% were of the quality necessary for morphological characterization and 90.9% had nerve bundles. There was no difference in the psychophysical scores obtained in the bilateral olfactory test (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT®]) between means before biopsy: 32.3 vs. postoperative: 32.5, p= 0.81. Also, no significant decrease occurred in unilateral testing (mean unilateral test scores 6 vs. 6.2, p= 0.46). None out of the 56 different odorant identification significantly diminished (p> 0.05). Conclusion The technique depicted for olfactory epithelium biopsy is highly effective in obtaining neuronal olfactory tissue, but it has moderate efficacy in achieving samples useful for morphological analysis. Olfactory sensitivity remained intact.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2021.05.008

14.

The mental health of Brazilian healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal study
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Serpa, Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira

; Pinto, André Luiz Braule

; Diaz, Alexandre Paim

; Romano-Silva, Marco Aurélio

; Costa, Danielle de Souza

; Joaquim, Rui M.

; de Paula, Jonas Jardim

; Guatimosim, Rafaela

; da Silva, Antônio Geraldo

; de Miranda, Débora Marques

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro F.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Ago 2022, Volume 44 Nº 4 Páginas 401 - 408

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: To compare the distress level among Brazilian healthcare professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and estimate risks by sex, age, and occupation. Methods: In a longitudinal cohort design, a nationally distributed online survey was used to collect data from 10,490 active healthcare professionals who worked during the pandemic. Participants were mostly female, aged 18 to 82 years; 13 different health professions and all states of Brazil were represented. Results: The most frequent professions were psychology, dentistry, and nursing. The Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) score suggested an increased distress perception among health professionals. Females showed poorer mental health than males, but the absolute rise in Global Severity Index (GSI) score was larger in males than in females. Younger adults reported more symptoms of psychological distress than older adults. The most impacted age group was between 30-39 years. Nurse technicians presented the highest risk of distress. Conclusion: Health professionals are essential to overcoming the pandemic; thus, their mental health status should be monitored, and features associated with increased distress should be identified. Our findings suggest distress risk should be stratified by occupation, age, and sex. Health professionals showed an increased distress perception. Women, individuals between the ages of 30 and 39, nursing personnel, and physicians were more likely to report distress compared with other health professionals.

https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2347

15.

Evaluación del aprovechamiento forestal en la diversidad y estructura de un bosque templado en Durango
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Silva-González, Edgar

; Aguirre Calderón, Oscar Alberto

; Alanís Rodríguez, Eduardo

; González Tagle, Marco Aurelio

; Treviño Garza, Eduardo Javier

; Corral Rivas, José Javier

Revista mexicana de ciencias forestales

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Jun 2022, Volume 13 Nº 71 Páginas 103 - 132

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract An analysis was carried out to assess the effect, over a period of 10 years, of the application of the forestry selection method on diversity and structure in a temperate forest of the mountain range of the state of Durango, Mexico. Twelve Permanent Forest and Soil Research Sites (PFS and SRS) were compared and remeasured. The comparative analysis was performed using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index; the Importance Value index ―estimated by density, basal area, and species frequency at the sampling sites―, and three structure indexes for determining the species mixture, spatial distribution, and dominance of woodland. The Shannon-Wiener index did not exhibit significant statistical changes between the assessment periods when the Hutcheson t test was applied; the analysis showed that relative percentage values of abundance, dominance, and frequency, and the significance value index remained the same; structure indexes were not significantly modified in the 10-year interval after forest extraction; therefore, it was concluded that the forestry treatment applied does not modify the diversity or structure components of the tree stratum.

Resumen Se realizó un análisis para evaluar el efecto, en un periodo de 10 años, de la aplicación del Método Silvícola de Selección sobre la diversidad y estructura en un bosque templado de la Sierra de Durango, México. Se compararon doce Sitios Permanentes de Investigación Forestal y de Suelos (SPIFyS), los cuales fueron remedidos. El análisis comparativo se hizo mediante el índice de Diversidad de Shannon-Wiener; asimismo, se estimó el Índice de Valor de Importancia (IVI) mediante la densidad, el área basal y la frecuencia de las especies en los sitios de muestreo; también se calcularon tres índices de estructura para conocer la mezcla de especies, distribución espacial y dominancia del arbolado. El índice de Shannon-Wiener no evidenció cambios estadísticos significativos entre periodos de evaluación, cuando se aplicó la prueba de t de Hutcheson; el análisis mostró que los valores porcentuales relativos de abundancia, dominancia, frecuencia e Índice de Valor de Importancia se conservan. Los índices de estructura tampoco se modificaron significativamente en el intervalo de 10 años después de la extracción forestal, por lo que se determina que el tratamiento silvícola aplicado no modifica la diversidad ni los componentes de estructura del estrato arbóreo.

https://doi.org/10.29298/rmcf.v13i71.1017 17 downloads

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