ABSTRACT: The Espinhaço rift system encompasses taphrogenetic events from the Statherian to Tonian in the São Francisco-Congo (SFC) paleocontinent. The magmatism is represented mainly by metamorphosed anorogenic granites and rhyolites with subordinate amphibolites. Zircon U-Pb (LA-ICPMS and SHRIMP) ages from felsic (1748 ± 3 Ma and 1740 ± 8 Ma) and mafic (1725 ± 4 Ma) rock samples, coupled with previous studies suggest that the Espinhaço igneous province erupted from ca. 1.79 Ga to ca. 1.70 Ga. The felsic rocks show characteristics of A-type magmas. The negative εHf(t) data for meta-rhyolite zircons (-12.32 to -17.58), the moderate δ 18 O values (7.02 to 7.98) and the REE patterns suggest crustal melting related to an extensional environment. The mafic rock shows negative values of εHf(t) in zircons (-4.05 to -8.25) and moderate δ 18 O values (5.56 to 7.87). The results disclose a basaltic magmatism in continental intraplate setting whose parental magma could have been derived from the subcontinental lithospheric mantle with contamination of crustal material. These data coupled with coeval Espinhaço magmatism and mafic dyke swarms found to the south of the Espinhaço rift system reinforce the evidence of a long-lived Statherian silicic large igneous province (SLIP) on the SFC paleocontinental block.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a interferência da disponibilidade de luz na resposta à adubação de plantios de enriquecimento da capoeira com leguminosas arbóreas. As espécies Hymenaea courbaril, Stryphnodendron guianense, Parkia platycephala e Stryphnodendron microstachyum foram plantadas em capoeira, sob três tratamentos de fertilização: adubação orgânica, adubação orgânica acrescida de mineral e ausência de adubação. A disponibilidade de luz condicionou a resposta de P. platycephala e H. courbaril à fertilização. A aleatorização não foi suficiente para garantir condições semelhantes de luz nos plantios de enriquecimento. A variação na quantidade de luz incidente no sub‑bosque compromete a correta avaliação dos tratamentos de fertilização.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the interference of light availability on response to fertilization of enrichment plantings of secondary growth forest with leguminous trees. The species Hymenaea courbaril, Stryphnodendron guianense, Parkia platycephala, and Stryphnodendron microstachyum were planted in a secondary growth forest under three fertilization treatments: organic fertilization, organic fertilization plus mineral fertilization, and absence of fertilization. Light availability modulated the response of P. platycephala and H. courbaril to fertilization treatments. Randomization was not sufficient to ensure similar light conditions in the enrichment plantings. Variation in the amount of incident light compromises the sound evaluation of fertilization treatments.

A eficiência do indoxacarb foi avaliada no controle dos lepidópteros-pragas em hortaliças: Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponeumatidae), Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) e Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em três locais diferentes nas culturas do repolho e tomate. Os inseticidas utilizados foram indoxacarb (no tomate de 2,4 a 6,0 g i.a./100 L e no repolho de 18 a 42 g i.a./ha), esfenvalerate (apenas no tomate de 1,75 g i.a./100 L), metomil (no tomate na dose de 21,5 g i.a./100 L e no repolho a 172 g i.a./ha), deltametrina (apenas no repolho na dose de 6 g i.a./ha) e triflumuron (apenas no tomate na dose de 15 g i.a./100 L). Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico em blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições em todos os experimentos. Todas as doses avaliadas do produto indoxacarb apresentaram excelente desempenho no controle de P. xylostella e T. ni. Assim, a menor dose avaliada (18 g i.a./ha) pode ser recomendada para o controle dessas pragas. Todos os produtos avaliados alcançaram níveis de eficiência maiores que 80% no controle de H. zea na cultura do tomate. Indoxacarb foi tão eficiente quanto o produto padrão adotado (triflumuron). N. elegantalis foi eficientemente controlada pelos inseticidas avaliados após nove aplicações, sendo que indoxacarb pode ser recomendado na menor dose utilizada (2,4 g i.a./100 L).

The efficacy of indoxacarb was evaluated for controlling lepidopterous pests on vegetables: Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Yponeumatidae), Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Neoleucinodes elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The experiments were carried out at three different sites on cabbage and tomato crops. The utilized insecticides were indoxacarb (for tomato from 2.4 to 6.0 g a.i./100 L and for cabbage from 18 to 42 g i.a./ha), esfenvalerate (only for tomato at 1.75 g a.i./100 L), methomyl (for tomato at 21.5 g a.i./100 L and for cabbage at 172 g a.i./ha), deltamethrin (only for cabbage at 6 g a.i./ha) and triflumuron (only for tomato at 15 g a.i./100 L). The experiments were designed as randomized blocks with four replications. The results showed that all doses of indoxacarb presented excellent performance controlling P. xylostella and T. ni on cabbage. Therefore, the lowest tested dose should be used (18 g a.i./100 L). All products reached levels of efficacy higher than 80% for controlling H. zea on tomato crop. Indoxacarb was as efficient as the standard product triflumuron. N. elegantalis was efficiently controlled by the tested insecticides after nine applications and indoxacarb could be recommended at the lowest utilized dose (2.4 g a.i./100 L).

Variações diárias e sazonais do pH e composição mineral da seiva do xilema foram medidas em plantas de tomateiro com 40 dias, cultivadas em solução nutritiva e em casa de vegetação, visando avaliar os fatores que regulam sua variação. No primeiro experimento, a seiva foi coletada, sempre às 9:00 horas, em alguns meses do ano, em plantas da mesma idade. No segundo, a coleta da seiva ocorreu ao longo do dia, sempre na mesma planta. No terceiro, a seiva foi coletada em dois locais na planta, a 5 cm acima do colo e na base do pecíolo da 5ª folha. Na seiva, avaliaram-se o pH e as concentrações de Ca+2, K+, Mg+2, NH4+, NO3-, PO4-3 e SO4-. O pH variou de 5,3 a 6,4 no período experimental. pH acima de 6,0 ocorreu nos meses com maior temperatura média ambiente e o menor valor, 5,4, nos meses com menor temperatura ambiente. Potássio foi o cátion e nitrato o ânion encontrados em maior concentração na seiva.Considerando a variação diurna, uma maior concentração de nitrato, proporção cátions/ânions e pH ocorreram na seiva coletada à tarde. Considerando a variação sazonal, a maior concentração de nitrato e a proporção cátions/ânions ocorreram na seiva coletada nos meses com menor temperatura média e menores valores de pH. O pH da seiva exsudada do caule a 5 cm acima do colo foi menos ácido (pH 6,13) quando comparado ao pH da seiva exsudada no pecíolo da 5ª folha (pH 5,64). Os resultados sugerem que os fatores que regulam o pH da seiva influenciam diferentemente nas variações diurna e sazonal do pH.

Mineral composition and pH seasonal and diurnal changes of xylem sap were measured in tomato plants, 40 days old, cultivated in nutritive solution under green house conditions in order to evaluate the factors that can regulate it. On a first experiment, the sap was obtained from different plants, same age, always at 9:0 AM, during selected months. On a second experiment, the sap was obtained trough the day, at different times, in a single plant. On the third experiment, the xylem sap was collected from two different positions in the plant body, at 5 cm up from the soil surface, and at the base of the 5th leaf petiole. The pH and Ca+2, K+, Mg+2, NH+4, NO-3, PO(-3)4 and SO-4 from the collected saps were analyzed. The pH varied from 5.3 to 6.4 during the seasonal experiment period. The pH above 6.0 was verified on the months with higher mean temperatures and the pH of 5.4 occurred during the colder months. Potassium and nitrate were the ions found in higher concentrations in the sap. On the diurnal changes experiment, higher values of nitrate, cation/anion ratio and pH were found during the afternoon readings. On the seasonal experiment the nitrate concentration and cation/anion ratio of the sap were higher during the months with lower mean temperatures and lower pH values. The pH of the sap exudates from the stem at 5 cm above the soil surface showed a less acid value (pH 6.13) than the sap collected from the petiole base (pH 5.64). The results obtained suggest that the factors regulating the sap pH affect in different ways the seasonal and diurnal variations of the pH and mineral concentration in tomato plants.

É apresentado um caso de tumor filodes bilateral benigno diagnosticado durante a gravidez, que apresentou crescimento rápido, atingindo grandes dimensões. O tratamento foi mastectomia bilateral total na 20ª semana de gestação. Houve boa evolução pós-operatória e o parto ocorreu na 40ª semana, com recém-nascido vivo do sexo masculino. São discutidos os achados clínicos e anatomopatológicos e a evolução de gravidez.

A rare case of bilateral benign phyllode tumor of the breast with fast growth during pregnancy and reaching great dimensions is presented. The patient was submitted to bilateral mastectomy on the 20th week of pregnancy. She had a good postoperative evolution and vaginal delivery occurred on the 40th week, when a healthy boy was born. The clinical and surgical features, the pathologic findings and the evolution of pregnancy are discussed.