Pesquisa | SciELO

BACKGROUND Dendritic cells (DCs) specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-3-grabbing non integrin receptor (DC-SIGN) binds to subgenera Leishmania promastigotes mediating its interaction with DC and neutrophils, potentially influencing the infection outcome. OBJECTIVES In this work, we investigated whether DC-SIGN receptor is expressed in cells from cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions as well as the in vitro binding pattern of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Lb) and L. (L.) amazonensis (La) promastigotes. METHODS DC-SIGN receptor was labeled by immunohistochemistry in cryopreserved CL tissue fragments. In vitro binding assay with CFSE-labeled Lb or La promastigotes and RAJI-transfecting cells expressing DC-SIGN (DC-SIGNPOS) or mock-transfected (DC-SIGNNEG) were monitored by flow cytometry at 2 h, 24 h and 48 h in co-culture. RESULTS In CL lesion infiltrate, DC-SIGNPOS cells were present in the dermis and near the epidermis. Both Lb and La bind to DC-SIGNPOS cells, while binding to DC-SIGNNEG was low. La showed precocious and higher affinity to DC-SIGNhi population than to DC-SIGNlow, while Lb binding was similar in these populations. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that DC-SIGN receptor is present in L. braziliensis CL lesions and interact with Lb promastigotes. Moreover, the differences in the binding pattern to Lb and La suggest DC-SIGN can influence in a difference way the intake of the parasites at the first hours after Leishmania infection. These results raise the hypothesis that DC-SIGN receptor could participate in the immunopathogenesis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis accounting for the differences in the outcome of the Leishmania spp. infection.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220044

Crop growth and macronutrient extraction and export curves for two arrowroot cultivars
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Pereira, Ednângelo Duarte

; Puiatti, Mario

; Pereira, Paulo Roberto Gomes

; Cecon, Paulo Roberto

; Sediyama, Maria Aparecida Nogueira

; Ribeiro, Fernanda Cristina Silva

Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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2023, Volume 45 elocation e58132

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. Curves of crop growth and nutrient extraction and export are essential to develop fertilization strategies and management plans to maximize yield and reduce environmental impacts. Our study aimed to evaluate dry matter production and both extraction and export of macronutrients by arrowroots (Maranta arundinacea L.) to be used in further crop fertilization plans. To this purpose, two experiments were carried out in field conditions using the varieties Viçosa and Seta. The experimental design was randomized with four replications and nine periods of analysis, which were defined as days after planting (105, 135, 165, 195, 225, 255, 285, 315, and 345 DAP). Dry matter, extraction, and export of macronutrients by arrowroot seed-rhizomes, aerial parts, roots, and storage roots (rhizomes) were determined. The exports of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S of storage rhizomes of the variety Viçosa were 104.6, 51.83, 412.24, 15.85, 36.14, and 64.36 kg ha-1, while those of the seta variety were 160.6, 71.62, 521.31, 17.57, 60.09, and 160.41 kg ha-1, respectively. Both varieties proved to be efficient soil macronutrient extractors, mainly for K. The variety Seta had higher shoot, root, seed-rhizome dry matter contents, as well as greater macronutrient extractions and exports.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v45i1.58132

Feline leishmaniosis: hematological and biochemical analysis
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Silva, Diogo Tiago da

; Alves, Maria Luana

; Spada, Júlio Cesar Pereira

; Leonel, João Augusto Franco

; Vioti, Geovanna

; Benassi, Julia Cristina

; Carregaro, Valéria Maria Lara

; Alves-Martin, Maria Fernanda

; Starke-Buzetti, Wilma Aparecida

; Oliveira, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2023, Volume 32 Nº 2 elocation e003823

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract One hundred and sixty-six cats from two animal shelters were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and parasitological tests (PA) for the diagnosis of Leishmania spp. Among them, 15% (25/166), 53.6% (89/166), 3.6% (06/166) and 1.8% (03/166) were positive by ELISA, IFAT, both PCRs and PA, respectively. The sequencing of ITS-1 PCR amplicons revealed a 100% match with Leishmania infantum. After the Leishmania spp. survey, 12 cats were selected and divided into two groups for clinical, hematological, and biochemical analysis: six L. infantum positive cats (G1) and six Leishmania spp. negative cats (G2). All the cats were negative for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). A statistical analysis indicated significantly low platelet counts and significant hyperproteinemia associated with hypoalbuminemia in positive cats (p<0.05). Our results suggest that in endemic areas, cats with clinical signs of feline leishmaniosis (such as skin lesions, weight loss and/or enlarged lymph nodes) and that exhibit hematological and biochemical changes, such as low platelet counts and hyperproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, should be tested for Leishmania spp. infection.

Resumo Cento e sessenta e seis gatos de dois abrigos foram submetidos ao diagnóstico de Leishmania spp. por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), reação em cadeia pela polimerase convencional (cPCR) e quantitativa (qPCR) e métodos parasitológicos (PA). Destes, 15% (25/166), 53,6% (89/166), 3,6% (06/166) e 1,8% (03/166) foram positivos por ELISA, RIFI, as duas PCRs e PA, respectivamente. O sequenciamento dos produtos amplificados da PCR ITS-1 foi 100% idêntico à Leishmania infantum. Após o inquérito, 12 gatos foram selecionados para compor dois grupos para análises de hematologia e bioquímica: 6 gatos positivos para L. infantum (G1) e 6 gatos Leishmania spp. negativos (G2). Todos os gatos foram negativos para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o da leucemia felina (FeLV). Foi observada uma diminuição na contagem de plaquetas e uma hiperproteinemia e hipoalbuminemia significativas em gatos positivos (p<0,05). Esses resultados sugerem que, em áreas endêmicas, os gatos com sinais clínicos de leishmaniose felina (tais como lesões dermatológicas, perda de peso e/ou linfonodos aumentados), associados a alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas, como contagem reduzida de plaquetas e hiperproteinemia com hipoalbuminemia, devem ser testados para leishmaniose felina.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612023035

Antileishmanial and cytotoxic activity of dillapiole n-butyl ether
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BARROS, Angela Maria Comapa

; PINTO, Ana Cristina da Silva

; SIMPLICIO, Fernanda Guilhon

; CHAVES, Francisco Célio Maia

; SILVA, Noam Gadelha da

; OLIVEIRA, Kelson Mota Teixeira de

; LIMA, Emersom Silva

; FRANCO, Antonia Maria Ramos

Acta Amazonica

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2023, Volume 53 Nº 4 Páginas 285 - 293

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Among the neglected diseases, American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) still remains highly endemic in some tropical regions. The currently available drugs for treatment are highly toxic, prompting the search for new therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic potential of dillapiole n-butyl ether (DBE) against Leishmania amazonensis and L. guyanensis, as well as its toxicity on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. For cell cytotoxicity, concentrations of DBE that ranged from 7.8 to 500 µM were used for 48 and 72 h. For the evaluation of the antileishmanial activity, DBE was tested at concentrations of 0.28 to 18 µM for 24, 48, and 72 h. A value of 36 µM was used for the amastigote assay. The selectivity index (SI) was determined by dividing the CC50/IC50 (macrophages/promastigotes). DBE exhibited a CC50 of 203.9 ± 0.5 µM in 72 h. DBE inhibited promastigote forms with an IC50 of 3.0 µM for both Leishmania species for 72 h. The standard, Pentacarinat®, showed an IC50 of 2.9 µM and 0.3 µM, respectively. The SI of DBE for both species was 67.9 for 72 h. DBE inhibited intracellular forms of L. amazonensis by 65.5% after 48 h. In molecular modeling, DLpOl-F showed two hydrogen bonds (SER418 and 421). DBE demonstrated promising in vitro antileishmanial potential.

RESUMO Dentre as doenças negligenciadas, a leishmaniose cutânea americana (LCA) continua sendo altamente endêmica em algumas regiões tropicais. Os medicamentos disponíveis atualmente para o tratamento apresentam elevada toxicidade, o que torna a busca de novas opções terapêuticas necessária. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o potencial tóxico do éter n-butil dilapiol (EBD) contra Leishmania amazonensis e L. guyanensis e a sua toxicidade em células mononucleares do sangue periférico humano (CMSP) in vitro. Para a citotoxicidade celular, utilizou-se concentrações de 7,8 a 500 µM por 48 e 72 h. A atividade antileishmania do EBD foi testada em concentrações de 0,28 a 18 µM, por 24, 48 e 72 h. Para o ensaio em amastigotas usou-se um valor de 36 µM. O índice de seletividade (IS) foi determinado pela divisão CC50/CI50 (macrófagos/promastigotas). O EBD mostrou em células uma CC50 de 203,9 ± 0,5 µM em 72 h. O EBD inibiu as formas promastigotas com uma CI50 de 3,0 µM para ambas espécies de Leishmania por 72 h, já o padrão Pentacarinat® apresentou uma CI50 de 2,9 µM e 0,3 µM, respectivamente. O IS do EBD para as duas espécies foi de 67,9 por 72 h. O EBD inibiu as formas intracelulares de L. amazonensis com 65,5% por 48 h. Na modelagem molecular, o DLpOl-F aparece com duas ligações de hidrogênio (SER418 e 421). O EBD demostrou um potencial antileishmania promissor in vitro.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202300281

Consenso de leucemia mieloide aguda en México
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Arana-Luna, Luara L.

; Alvarado-Ibarra, Martha

; Silva-Michel, Luis G.

; Morales-Maravilla, Adrián

; González-Rubio, María del C.

; Chávez-Aguilar, Lénica A.

; Tena-Iturralde, María Fernanda

; Mojica-Balceras, Liliana

; Zapata-Canto, Nidia

; Galindo-Delgado, Patricia

; Miranda-Madrazo, María Raquel

; Morales-Hernández, Alba E.

; Silva-Vera, Karina

; Grimaldo-Gómez, Flavio A.

; Hernández-Caballero, Álvaro

; Bates-Martin, Ramón A.

; Álvarez-Vera, José L.

; Tepepa-Flores, Fredy

; Teomitzi-Sánchez, Óscar

; Fermín-Caminero, Denisse J.

; Peña-Celaya, José A. de la

; Salazar-Ramírez, Óscar

; Flores-Villegas, Luz V.

; Guerra-Alarcón, Lidia V.

; Leyto-Cruz, Faustino

; Inclán-Alarcón, Sergio I.

; Milán-Salvatierra, Andrea I.

; Ventura-Enríquez, Yanet

; Pérez-Lozano, Uendy

; Báez-Islas, Pamela E.

; Tapia-Enríquez, Ana L.

; Palma-Moreno, Orlando G.

; Aguilar-Luévano, Jocelyn

; Espinosa-Partida, Arturo

; Pérez-Jacobo, Luis F.

; Rojas-Castillejos, Flavio

; Ruiz-Contreras, Josué I.

; Loera-Fragoso, Sergio J.

; Medina-Coral, Jesús E.

; Acosta-Maldonado, Brenda L.

; Soriano-Mercedes, Emely J.

; Saucedo-Montes, Erick E.

; Valero-Saldana, Luis M.

; González-Prieto, Susana G.

; Nava-Villegas, Lorena

; Hernández-Colin, Ana K.

; Hernández-Alcántara, Areli E.

; Zárate-Rodríguez, Pedro A.

; Ignacio-Ibarra, Gregorio

; Meillón-García, Luis A.

; Espinosa-Bautista, Karla A.

; Ledesma de la Cruz, Cindy

; Barbosa-Loría, Diego M.

; García-Castillo, Carolina

; Balderas-Delgado, Carolina

; Cabrera-García, Álvaro

; Pérez-Zúñiga, Juan M.

; Hernández-Ruiz, Eleazar

; Villela-Peña, Atenas

; Gómez Cortés, Sue Cynthia

; Romero-Rodelo, Hilda

; Garzón-Velásquez, Katheryn B.

; Serrano-Hernández, Cristina

; Martínez-Ríos, Annel

; Pedraza-Solís, María Luisa

; Martínez-Coronel, Jorge A.

; Narváez-Davalos, Iris M.

; García-Camacho, Alinka S.

; Merino-Pasaye, Laura E.

; Aguilar-Andrade, Carolina

; Aguirre-Domínguez, Juan A.

; Guzmán-Mera, Pedro G.

; Delgado-de la Rosa, Elizabeth

; Flores López, Perla E.

; González-Aguirre, Lilia L.

; Ramírez-Alfaro, Edgar M.

; Vera-Calderón, Heidi

; Meza-Dávalos, María Lizeth

; Murillo-Cruz, Juan

; Pichardo-Cepín, Yayra M.

; Ramírez-Romero, Eva F.

Gaceta médica de México

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2022, Volume 158 Nº spe3 Páginas M1 - M51

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a heterogeneous group of hematopoietic cell neoplasms of myeloid lineage that arise from the clonal expansion of their precursors in the bone marrow, interfering with cell differentiation, leading to a syndrome of bone marrow failure. AML is a consequence of genetic and epigenetic changes (point mutations, gene rearrangements, deletions, amplifications, and arrangements in epigenetic changes that influence gene expression) in hematopoietic precursor cells, which create a clone of abnormal cells that are capable of proliferating but cannot differentiate into mature hematopoietic cells or undergo programmed cell death. The diagnosis requires more than 20% myeloid blasts in the bone marrow and certain cytogenic abnormalities. Treatment will depend on age, comorbidities, and cytogenetic risk among the most frequent.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m21000597 895 downloads

Global scientific production in the pre-Covid-19 Era: An analysis of 53 countries for 22 years
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OLIVEIRA, EDUARDO A.

; OLIVEIRA, MARIA CHRISTINA L.

; COLOSIMO, ENRICO A.

; MARTELLI, DANIELLA B.

; SILVA, LUDMILA R.

; SILVA, ANA CRISTINA SIMÕES E

; MARTELLI-JÚNIOR, HERCÍLIO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20201428

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Based on an extensive analysis of public databases, we provide an overview of the global scientific output and describe the dynamics of the profound changes in the scientific enterprise during the last decades. The analysis included the scientific production of 53 countries over the 1996-2018 period. During this period, the production of articles per year has tripled. There was a strong correlation between the growth of the global gross domestic product and the increase in the number of articles (R2 = 0.973, P<0.001). Six countries showed a robust increment of their scientific production and are currently among the top 20 in the ranking of world scientific production (China, India, South Korea, Brazil, Turkey, and Iran). The mean annual growth rate was about 12.7% for these six countries. The share of the global scientific production of these countries increased from 7% in 1996 to 27.8% in 2018. Conversely, the participation of the 10 most traditional countries has dropped from 73% to 45% during the same period. In conclusion, we believe that our findings may contribute to further studies aiming to evaluate the impact and changes of the scientific endeavor over the next years in light of the forthcoming new world framework.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220201428

Study on the zoonotic cycle of tegumentary leishmaniasis in an endemic area of a metropolitan region in the Northeastern region of Brazil
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Silva, Cláudio Júlio da

; Monteiro, Juliana Figueirêdo da Costa Lima Suassuna

; Lima, Karina Patrícia Baracho de

; Silva, Cláudia Sofia de Assunção Gonçalves e

; Almeida, Éricka Lima de

; Souza, Samara Ferreira de

; Medeiros, Ângela Cristina Rapela

; Macedo, Felipe Marinho Rocha de

; Brandão-Filho, Sinval Pinto

; Santos, Stephane Naiara Carvalho dos

; Brito, Maria Edileuza Felinto de

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2022, Volume 64 elocation e60

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to characterize the transmission cycle of the tegumentary leishmaniasis (TL) in an old colonization area at Pernambuco State, Brazil. The aims were to identify autochthonous cases, sandflies fauna, domestic animals as possible reservoir hosts and the Leishmania species involved in this endemic area. A total of 168 suspected human cases of TL and 272 domestic animals (canine, feline, equine, goat, and sheep) were included. The sandflies were captured and identified by species. Patients were predominantly male and the average age was 37+18.1 years old. Of 85 patients who had skin lesions, 25.6% of them had direct positive smears for TL and 34 isolates were identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The confirmation for TL diagnosed by molecular detection (PCR) was almost three times more sensitive than the direct test [p < 0.001; PR = 2.72] associated with clinical examination. The Kappa test on PCR between two different specimens, biopsy, and skin lesion swab was 60.8% (p < 0.001). More than 200 specimens of sandflies (80 males and 159 females) were captured and identified as Lutzomyia whitmani (99.6%) and Lu. evandroi (0.4%). The detection of L. (V.) braziliensis by Real-Time PCR in the blood of a captured fed female was positive in 59.3% of Lu. whitmani. Of the 272 domestic animals included, 61.76% were male (n = 168). Thirty-six animals (13.2%) had lesions compatible with TL (34 dogs, 1 cat and 1 sheep) and 3 of them, all dogs, had lesions on the snout, showing destruction of cartilage and mucosa. The study suggests the participation of domestic animals as possible reservoirs. However, further studies are necessary to better understand the transmission cycle and take recommended measures in order to control the disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202264060

Leishmania infantum in the reproductive organs of dogs
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Silva, Diogo Tiago da

; Alves, Maria Luana

; Spada, Julio Cesar Pereira

; Leonel, João Augusto Franco

; Benassi, Julia Cristina

; Starke-Buzetti, Wilma Aparecida

; Ferreira, Helena Lage

; Keid, Lara Borges

; Soares, Rodrigo Martins

; Oliveira, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 10 elocation e20200825

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Leishmania infantum é agente etiológico da leishmaniose canina. Por meio de análises parasitológicas e moleculares, a presença do parasita foi investigada em órgãos reprodutivos de cães machos e fêmeas. Amostras de tecidos dos órgãos reprodutivos de 8 cães machos e 16 fêmeas diagnosticados com leishmaniose foram avaliadas por histoquímica, imunohistoquímica e PCR. Apesar de não terem sido observadas lesões macroscópicas ou microscópicas nos órgãos reprodutivos desses cães, formas amastigotas de L. infantum foram observadas em amostras teciduais do testículo e útero. A PCR e o sequenciamento do DNA extraído desses tecidos revelaram sequências 100% idênticas a L. infantum depositadas no GenBank. Nossos resultados sugerem que os testículos e o útero podem abrigar o parasita, sem associação com lesões macroscópicas ou microscópicas, o que pode ter uma grande importância na transmissão venérea e vertical da leishmaniose entre cães.

ABSTRACT: Leishmania infantum causes canine leishmaniasis. Using parasitological and molecular analyses, we identified L. infantum in the reproductive organs of male and female dogs. Using histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and PCR, we examined tissue samples from the reproductive organs of 8 male dogs and 16 female dogs diagnosed with leishmaniasis. Despite the absence of macroscopic or microscopic lesions in these organs, we observed L. infantum amastigotes in tissue samples from the testis and the uterus. PCR and sequencing of these tissues revealed sequences that matched 100% with L. infantum DNA available at GenBank. The presence of L. infantum amastigotes and DNA in testicular and uterine tissue samples suggested that these organs can harbor the parasite without associated macroscopic or microscopic lesions, and this can be especially important in the vertical and venereal transmission of leishmaniasis in dogs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200825 140 downloads

Purification and characterization of fibrinolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus by polyethylene glycol-phosphate aqueous two-phase system
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ALENCAR, VIVIANE N.S.

; NASCIMENTO, MARIA CLARA DO

; FERREIRA, JULYANNE V. DOS SANTOS

; BATISTA, JUANIZE M. DA SILVA

; CUNHA, MARCIA N.C. DA

; NASCIMENTO, JÉSSICA M. DO

; SOBRAL, RENATA V. DA SILVA

; COUTO, MILENA T.T. DO

; NASCIMENTO, THIAGO P.

; COSTA, ROMERO M.P.B.

; PORTO, ANA LÚCIA F.

; LEITE, ANA CRISTINA L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20210335

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fibrinolytic proteases are a promising alternative in the pharmaceutical industry, they are used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, especially thrombosis. Microorganisms are the most interesting source of fibrinolytic proteases. The aim of this study was the production of fibrinolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus DPUA 1573, the recovery of the protease by aqueous two-phase system and partial biochemical characterization of the enzyme. The aqueous two-phase system was performed according to a 24-full factorial design using polyethylene glycol molar mass, polyethylene glycol concentration, citrate concentration and pH as independent variables. It was analyzed the effect of different ions, surfactants, inhibitors, pH and temperature on enzyme activity. The best conditions for purifying the enzyme were 17.5% polyethylene glycol 8,000, 15% Phosphate and pH 8.0, it was obtained a partition coefficient of 7.33, a yield of 57.49% and a purification factor of 2.10-fold. There was an increase in enzyme activity in the presence of Fe2+ and a decrease in the presence of $\beta$-Mercaptoethanol, phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and Iodoacetic acid. The optimum pH was 7.0 and the optimum temperature was 40 ºC. The purified protease exhibited a molecular mass of 41 kDa. The fibrinolytic protease from Streptomyces parvulus proved to be a viable option for the development of a possible drug with fibrinolytic action.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120210335 1 downloads

10.

COVID-19 pandemic and the answer of science: a year in review
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OLIVEIRA, EDUARDO A.

; OLIVEIRA, MARIA CHRISTINA L.

; MARTELLI, DANIELLA B.

; COLOSIMO, ENRICO ANTÔNIO

; SILVA, LUDMILA R.

; LANZA, KATHARINA

; MARTELLI-JÚNIOR, HERCÍLIO

; SIMÕES E SILVA, ANA CRISTINA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 4 elocation e20210543

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The world is looking forward to a prompt response by the scientific community in order to overcome the first pandemic of the 21st century. This study aimed to provide an overview of scientific output on COVID-19 during its first year. We assembled information regarding 60,830 articles related to COVID-19 indexed in the WoS database from January 24 to December 13, 2020. Only 4 countries accounted for about 60% of the articles (USA, China, Italy, and England) and 12 countries accounted for about 95% of the world scientific output on COVID-19 (USA, China, Italy, England, India, Canada, Germany, Spain, Australia, Brazil, Iran, and Turkey). 25 research centers around the world contributed with more than 500 papers on COVID-19. Papers were scattered throughout 6,133 journals, with 12 journals with > 250 articles. 20 articles (0.03%) have already received more than the 1,000 citations. The response of the scientific endeavor to this acute global public health emergency has been fast and robust. The overview provided by the analysis of the scientific response to the pandemic may contribute to further studies aiming to evaluate the impact and changes in the scientific endeavor for the next years in light of the forthcoming new world framework.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120210543 160 downloads

11.

First report of Lema bilineata Germar (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) damaging Physalis peruviana (L.) in Brazil
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Bischoff, Adelia Maria

; Furuie, Jason Lee

; Benatto, Alessandra

; Zimmermann, Rubens Candido

; Araujo, Emily Silva

; Baena, Rayne

; Oliveira, Marcia Cristina Herchonvicz de

; Zawadneak, Maria Aparecida Cassilha

Ciência Rural

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- SciELO Analytics

2021, Volume 51 Nº 9 elocation e20200735

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Fisális, Physalis peruviana L., é uma cultura em expansão no Brasil, dessa forma a identificação de espécies fitófagas que causam danos nesta cultura é importante para desenvolver controle preventivo e estratégias para o Manejo Integrado de Pragas. Neste estudo, relatamos a ocorrência de Lema bilineata Germar (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) no cultivo de P. peruviana e descrevemos os danos causados por suas larvas e adultos. Observou-se que o número de indivíduos de L. bilineata, tanto larvas como adultos, influenciaram significativamente o consumo total de folhas de P. peruviana. Além disso, relatamos pela primeira vez a presença de três inimigos naturais, incluindo um fungo, uma mosca e uma formiga, associados a esta praga no Brasil que poderiam ser utilizados como agentes de controle biológico.

ABSTRACT: Increased production of the Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in Brazil has given rise to interest in identifying the phytophagous species that might damage this crop to inform preventive control and integrated pest management strategies. In this study, we report the occurrence and describe the damage that larvae and adults of Lema bilineata Germar (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) cause in P. peruviana. The number of L. bilineata individuals, both larvae and adults, significantly affected the total consumption of P. peruviana leaves. We also report, for the first time, three natural enemies, including a fungus, a fly, and an ant, which are associated with this pest in Brazil and may play a role in biological control strategies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200735 195 downloads

12.

Comparison of right and left common carotid arteries of horses and mules by two-dimensional ultrasound and Doppler flow
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Fogaça, Jéssica L.

; Castiglioni, Maria Cristina R.

; Vettorato, Michel C.

; Silva, Jeana P.

; Bueno, Laís M.C.

; Filadelpho, André Luis

; Puoli-Filho, José Nicolau P.

; Machado, Vânia Maria V.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Jul 2020, Volume 40 Nº 7 Páginas 564 - 570

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Na ultrassonografia, o modo bidimensional (modo B) permite a avaliação morfológica e morfométrica de vários tipos de órgãos e tecidos, enquanto o modo Doppler permite a avaliação hemodinâmica. Em humanos, a avaliação com Doppler é usada rotineiramente na avaliação de artérias e veias importantes, como as artérias carótidas e veias jugulares, com diferenças significativas entre gêneros e lados. No entanto, em medicina veterinária, este método diagnóstico ainda não está bem estabelecido na avaliação das artérias carótidas, com apenas poucos relatos em equinos domésticos. Este estudo tem como objetivo comparar as artérias carótidas comuns direita e esquerda de equinos e mulas domésticos, utilizando a avaliação bidimensional (modo B) e por ultrassonografia Doppler espectral. Avaliaram-se as artérias carótidas comuns de 10 equinos domésticos (cinco machos e cinco fêmeas) e 10 mulas (cinco machos e cinco fêmeas). As seguintes variáveis foram medidas em três porções diferentes (cranial, médio e caudal): diâmetro, espessura íntima-média (IMT), índice de resistividade (RI), índice de pulsatilidade (PI), pico de velocidade sistólica (pSV) e velocidade diastólica final (fDV). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas nas variáveis bidimensionais (diâmetro e IMT) entre as artérias carótidas comuns de cavalos e muares, independentemente do gênero (p>0,05). No modo Doppler, não houve diferenças significativas entre os valores para carótidas em equinos machos e fêmeas (p>0,05). Nos muares, só foi possível observar diferenças entre os valores de RI e PI (p<0,05), sendo maiores no lado esquerdo (0,81 e 2,04 respectivamente), e o fDV (p<0,05) superior no lado direito (14,35) nos machos. Quanto as fêmeas, houve apenas no fDV (p<0,05), sendo o lado direito superior (23,16). Os diâmetros e IMT não diferem entre os lados em equinos e muares na ultrassonografia modo B. Já o Doppler espectral nos equinos não difere entre os lados, independentemente do gênero. Quanto aos muares, os machos diferenciam no IR, IP e fDV entre os lados, enquanto as fêmeas apenas para fDV.

ABSTRACT: In ultrasonography, the bi-dimensional mode (B-mode) allows the morphological and morphometric evaluation of several types of organs and tissues, while the Doppler mode allows the hemodynamic evaluation. In humans, the Doppler evaluation is routinely used in the assessment of important arteries and veins, such as the carotid arteries and jugular veins, with significant differences between genres and sides. However, in veterinary medicine, this diagnostic method is not yet well established in the evaluation of the carotid arteries, with only few reports in domestic horses. This study aims to compare the right and left common carotid arteries of domestic horses and mules using bi-dimensional and Doppler ultrasound evaluation. The common carotid arteries from 10 domestic horses (five males and five females) and 10 mules (five males and five females) were evaluated. The following variables were measured at three different portions (cranial, middle and caudal): diameter, intima-media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak of systolic velocity (pSV) and final diastolic velocity (fDV). No significant differences were observed in the bi-dimensional variables (diameter and IMT) between the common carotid arteries of horses and mules, regardless of gender (p>0.05). In Doppler mode, there were no significant differences between carotid values in male and female horses (p> 0.05). In the mules, it was only possible to observe differences between the RI and PI values (p<0.05), being higher on the left side (0.81 and 2.04 respectively), and the fDV (p<0.05) higher, on the right side (14.35) in males. As for females, there was only in fDV (p<0.05), with the upper right side (23.16). Diameters and IMT do not differ between sides in horses and mules in B-mode ultrasound. Spectral Doppler in horses does not differ between sides, regardless of gender. As for mules, males differ in RI, PI and fDV between sides, while females differ only in fDV.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6433 500 downloads

13.

[SciELO Preprints] - Dissemination of COVID-19 in cities and riverine communities in Central Amazonia
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Ramalho, Emiliano Esterci Junqueira, Ivan Baccaro, Fabrício Hill, Alison L. Martins, Maria Isabel F. P. O. Barcelos, Daniele Cristina Ferreira-Ferreira, Jefferson Pereira, Heloísa Corrêa Corrêa, Dávila Suelen Souza Chagas, Hudson Cruz das Nascimento, Ana Claudeise Silva do

Métricas do periódico
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Data de publicação: 2020-05-09

Resumo: En Pt

The population of small towns and riverine communities in Amazonia are extremely vulnerable to COVID-19 due to the absence of basic health care infrastructure in the region. The objective of this study was to (1) evaluate the effect of social distancing measures in the dissemination of COVID-19 in small towns, and (2) to estimate the impact of reducing contact between rural and urban populations on the contamination of riverine communities of Central Amazon. Our results indicate that social distancing can significantly reduce the speed of dissemination of COVID-19 in the population of small towns. However, we also observed that even in towns with intense actions to combat COVID-19, social distancing is below the ideal 70% isolation mark. Regarding the contamination of riverine communities, we observed that the reduction in the number of visits and duration of stay, as well as the interruption of visits during the five weeks with larger probability of contamination has major impact on delaying the arrival of COVID-19 in these vulnerable populations. We recommend that, given the low effectiveness of social distancing measures and the rapid contamination of urban populations, each municipality should evaluate implementing more restrictive measures such as a full or partial lockdown. Our results also suggest that three measures can be effective in delaying the arrival of COVID-19 in riverine communities of Amazonia: (1) the reduction in the number of visits that each community makes to a town, (2) the reduction in duration of each visit, and (3) avoiding visits during the five weeks with the largest number of infected people in towns. It is imperative that implementation of any of the restrictive measures suggested in this publication be accompanied by a vast communication campaign as well as social assistance actions for the rural population and poor families of small towns to guarantee their basic needs for survival.

As populações da Amazônia são extremamente vulneráveis à COVID-19 devido ao intenso fluxo entre as localidades rurais e as sedes municipais e à falta de infraestrutura de saúde básica adequada na região. O objetivo deste estudo foi (1) avaliar o efeito da medida de distanciamento social sobre a disseminação da COVID-19 em sedes municipais e (2) estimar o impacto da redução do contato entre a população rural e urbana sobre a contaminação de localidades rurais da Amazônia Central, região do Médio Solimões. Nossos resultados indicam que o distanciamento social pode reduzir significativamente a velocidade de contaminação da população em sedes municipais. No entanto, mesmo em sedes municipais com atividade intensa no combate à COVID-19, o distanciamento social está muito abaixo do ideal de 70%. Observamos também que a redução do número de visitas e do tempo de permanência durante cada visita, além da interrupção do fluxo durante as cinco semanas com maior probabilidade infecção têm impacto marcante sobre a velocidade de chegada da COVID-19 nas localidades rurais. Recomendamos que, dada a baixa efetividade de medidas de distanciamento social e o rápido contágio nas sedes municipais, cada município avalie a implementação de lockdown. Nossos resultados sugerem também que três medidas podem ser eficientes em atrasar a chegada da COVID-19 às localidades rurais: (1) a redução no número de visitas que cada uma faz a um centro urbano, (2) a redução do tempo de permanência durante cada visita e (3) evitar qualquer ida às sedes municipais durante as cinco semanas com maior número de pessoas infectadas. Destacamos que todas as medidas restritivas sugeridas precisam ser acompanhadas por uma ampla campanha de conscientização e ações de assistência à população rural e às famílias mais carentes das sedes municipais para garantir acesso a itens básicos para sua sobrevivência.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.406

14.

Fruit quality and occurrence of mildew in Niagara Rosada grown under plastic cover and defoliation rates
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Rosanelli, Solivan

; Villa, Fabíola

; Silva, Daniel Fernandes da

; Rotili, Maria Cristina Copello

; Eberling, Tatiane

Revista Ceres

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Abr 2020, Volume 67 Nº 2 Páginas 137 - 146

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the agronomic behavior of the Niagara Rosada variety cultivated under plastic cover, using defoliation intensities, and its influence on the Plasmopara viticola. The experiment was conducted in Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil, in a vineyard of Niagara Rosada variety in a trellised system during the 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 crop seasons. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme being five percentages of defoliation (0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40%,) and use of coverage (with and without coverage), with three blocks of three useful plants per experimental plot. The temperature, air humidity and incidence of mildew on the bunches and leaves were recorded. At the end of each crop station, three bunches per plant of each plot were evaluated for the fresh biomass of the bunches, length and width of the bunches, soluble solids content, pH, number of bunches per plant, production, and productivity. It was concluded that the plastic cover associated with the environmental conditions, and phytosanitary management can favor the physical-chemical quality and reduce the severity of the mildew in the Niagara Rosada variety providing greater production and productivity. The use of defoliation does not favor the cultivation of this variety in southwestern Paraná.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202067020007 487 downloads

15.

Promising Nanostructured Materials against Enveloped Virus
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TOLEDO, GABRIEL G. DE

; TOLEDO, VICTOR H.

; LANFREDI, ALEXANDRE J.C.

; ESCOTE, MARCIA

; CHAMPI, ANA

; SILVA, MARIA CRISTINA C. DA

; NANTES-CARDOSO, ISELI L.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2020, Volume 92 Nº 4 elocation e20200718

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The development of self-disinfectant devices is highly needed to prevent and control infections, mainly caused by virus. In the past years, coronaviruses have been a threat to humanity, causing severe epidemics of respiratory infections such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), in 2003, and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in 2012, and presently the SARS-CoV2 is causing the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies have demonstrated that surface contamination play a significant role in the spreading of viruses. These studies demonstrated that the production of highly reactive species by copper alloys contributes to rapid elimination of viruses. Nanostructured materials such as semiconductors TiO2, Co3O4 CuO, NiO, and TiO2, and silver nanoparticles can decrease the virus viability on the surfaces when associated with polymers and textiles, especially in conditions of light exposure. In addition, graphene oxide is rising as a promising material for inactivation of viruses due to its capacity of destroying the viral envelope and capsid. The virucidal property of these materials can be enhanced by increasing their functionalization with photosensitizers. The present mini-review brings subsidies for the development of new advanced self-disinfectant materials that can be used in the manufacture of gloves, masks, and a variety of other devices.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202020200718 1359 downloads

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