Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Luis Tavares revolutionized cardiac surgery, always bringing the most modern instruments and equipment from his travels to England - surgical forceps, scissors, scalpels, etc. He always insisted that he was not just a thoracic surgeon, for his work extended over a wide field and created three important cardiac surgery centers which promoted a great development of cardiology. He carried out the first open heart surgery (atrial septal defect) employing extracorporeal circulation and closure of a ventricular septal defect with deep surface hypothermia of north and northeast Brazil. He promoted an intense scientific exchange program between Recife and England, resulting in significant advances in medicine, and participated directly in the creation of HEMOPE), leading to radical changes and improvements in blood therapy in the whole country. The PROCAPE, inaugurated in 2006, was the result of the cardiac center created by him in early 1970 at Hospital Oswaldo Cruz and can be considered the second largest public-university cardiology center in Brazil. He is thus widely regarded as an outstanding name in medicine in the 20th century and one of the fathers of modern cardiac surgery in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2023-0046

The World of Cave Microbiomes: Biodiversity, Ecological Interactions, Chemistry, and the Multi-Omics Integration Microbiomes Biodiversity Interactions Chemistry MultiOmics Multi Omics
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Kato, Natália N.

; Arini, Gabriel S.

; Silva, Ricardo Roberto

; Bichuette, Maria Elina

; Bitencourt, José Augusto P.

; Lopes, Norberto P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2024, Volume 35 Nº 1 elocation e-20230148

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Caves are ecosystems and natural heritage sites with magnificent biological diversity, from microorganisms to animals, despite their selective environment for development and survival. Until now, studies on cave microbiomes have included taxonomic classification through metagenomics analysis, demonstrating microbiological heterogeneity mainly composed of prokaryotic organisms or bacteria species. The generally oligotrophic environment, with limited energy input and dark zone, is the main feature differentiating the cave microorganisms from the other microbiomes and resulting in a unique habitat, which has unexplored regard to biology and chemical diversity. Multi-omics integration is a key strategy for scanning and integrating the macro and micromolecular universe, providing a better comprehension of processes and answers of the microbiome in natural cavities. Here, we highlight the strategies employed to study the cave microbiome, from the microbial genomes to their ability to secondary metabolites production, and also the multi-omics integration to explore the chemical and biological diversity in caves. animals survival now analysis species zone habitat Multiomics Multi omics universe cavities Here production multiomics multi caves

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230148

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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Out 2023, Volume 49 Nº 5 Páginas 580 - 589

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Larvicidal Activity of Calcium Alginate Microcapsules Containing Clove Essential Oil Obtained by Microfluidics
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Condé, Débora T.

; Mendes, Luiza A.

; Ramos, Guilherme P.

; Silva, Rafael R. A.

; Teixeira, Alvaro V. N. C.

; Teixeira, Róbson Ricardo

; Martins, Gustavo F.

; Cerceau, Cristiane I.

; Lopes, Renata P.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ago 2023, Volume 34 Nº 8 Páginas 1166 - 1174

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Essential oils (EO) have diverse applications, such as antibacterial and antifungal activity. However, they are susceptible to oxidation in the presence of air, light, and moisture. In addition, they are thermally unstable. In this sense, it is necessary to develop techniques to increase the lifespan of EO. In this work, EO was obtained from cloves and characterized by different techniques. The major compounds found were eugenol (83%), eugenol acetate (9%), and β-caryophyllene (8%). The EO was encapsulated by extrusion using a microfluidic device. The sodium alginate was used as wall material, and the CaCl2 solution was used as a crosslinking agent. The microcapsule presented sizes of 164.7 ± 0.3 μm, with an encapsulation yield of 64 ± 14%. Functional characteristic groups of EO were observed in the microcapsule by infrared and Raman spectroscopies. The microcapsule increased the thermal decomposition of the EO from 162 to 230 °C. Release kinetics of the capsule was performed, with an equilibrium time of 72 h and release of 54% of the EO. Finally, the pure EO and encapsulated EO-microcapsules were applied in the Aedes aegypti larvae control, showing mean lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 50% (LC50) values of 74.4 and 96.9 μg mL-1 and lethal concentration necessary to eliminate 90% (LC90) of 106.2 and 133.3 μg mL-1 for pure EO and encapsulated EO, respectively. Therefore, it was concluded that these microcapsules have the potential for application in the Aedes aegypti larvae control.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230029

Sexually Transmitted Infections Lesions Found during Colonoscopies
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Gomes, Alexandre

; Sampaio Netto, João Batista

; Ayres, Ricardo de Oliveira

; Rodrigues, José Mauro da Silva

; Borghesi, Ronaldo Antonio

Journal of Coloproctology (Rio de Janeiro)

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Jun 2023, Volume 43 Nº 2 Páginas 75 - 81

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Anal examination and videoanoscopy (VA) are rarely performed during colonoscopies. In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in lesions of sexually transmitted anal and rectal infections, but these conditions are not noticed or reported during routine colonoscopy. Objective To raise awareness regarding the fortuitous findings of lesions and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in colonoscopy exams and to demonstrate that anal examination and VA provide important information and should be routinely performed. Methods We conducted a descriptive retrospective study in 16,132 patients screened by colonoscopy and VA between 2006 and 2018. Among numerous other findings, the presence of anal condylomata and sexually transmitted retitis or perianal dermatitis was observed. The rates of each finding were calculated, and the patients were subdivided by sex and into age groups by blocks of ten years. Results Among the 16,132 colonoscopies performed, 26 cases of condyloma (0.16%) and 50 cases of proctitis or perianal dermatitis suspicious for STI (0.33%) were found. Conclusion Performing anal examination and VA systematically in all routine colonoscopies enabled the identification of numerous anal conditions, including several fortuitous cases of STIs. The study proposes that anal examination and VA should be performed in all routine colonoscopies and, in suspected cases, complementary tests for STIs.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1769486

Gas exchange and photochemical efficiency of guava under saline water irrigation and nitrogen-potassium fertilization
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Nobre, Reginaldo G.

; Rodrigues Filho, Ricardo A.

; Lima, Geovani S. de

; Linhares, Edna L. da R.

; Soares, Lauriane A. dos A.

; Silva, Luderlândio de A.

; Teixeira, Antônio D. da S.

; Macumbi, Nelson J. V.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Mai 2023, Volume 27 Nº 5 Páginas 429 - 437

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different combinations of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on gas exchange and chlorophyll a fluorescence in seedlings of guava cv. Paluma irrigated with water of different salinity levels. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design and analyzed in 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The treatments were composed of the combination of the factor electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7, and 3.5 dS m-1), with the factor combinations (C) formed from recommended doses of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K2O), 70% N + 50% K2O, 100% N + 75% K2O, 130% N + 100% K2O, and 160% N + 125% K2O. The fertilization combination 130% N + 100% K2O mitigated the effects of salt stress up to mean ECw of 1.3 dS m-1, resulting in increments in CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, and electron transport rate. For maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, only treatment irrigated with ECw 3.5 dS m-1 under the combination 160% N + 125% K2O showed damage to the photosynthetic apparatus.

RESUMO Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar os efeitos de diferentes combinações de adubação nitrogenada e potássica sobre as trocas gasosas e fluorescência da clorofila a em mudas de goiabeira cv. Paluma irrigadas com águas de distintas salinidades. O experimento foi instalado em delineamento em blocos casualizados e analisados no esquema fatorial 5 × 4, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos a partir da combinação do fator condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,3; 1,1; 1,9; 2,7 e 3,5 dS m-1) com o fator combinações (C) formada a partir de doses recomendadas de nitrogênio (N) e potássio (K2O): 70% N + 50% K2O; 100% N + 75% K2O; 130% N + 100% K2O e 160% N + 125% K2O. A combinação de adubação 130% N + 100% K2O mitigou o estresse salino até a CEa média de 1,3 dS m-1, resultando em aumento na taxa de assimilação de CO2, transpiração, eficiência instantânea de carboxilação e taxa de transporte de elétrons. Para a máxima eficiência quântica do fotossistema II, apenas os tratamentos irrigados com CEa 3,5 dS m-1 e combinação 160% N + 125% K2O apresentaram danos no aparelho fotossintético.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p429-437

Production of Silver Nanoparticles Mediated by Aqueous Extracts of Tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) Pulp
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Santos, Sidney S. dos

; Couto, Ricardo A. A. de

; Silva, Ingrid R. da

; Aouada, Marcia Regina M.

; Costantino, Vera R. L.

; Costa, Luiz P. da

; Perotti, Gustavo F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2023, Volume 34 Nº 5 Páginas 705 - 712

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) pulp presents a large number of secondary metabolites that can mediate the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles through a greener and more sustainable synthetic route than traditional ones. This study investigated the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by aqueous extracts of tucumã pulp assessing different parameters, such as temperature, concentration of extract, and pH values of the reaction media. The alkaline reaction media produced the most intense and well-defined bands around 400 nm in the electronic spectra, indicating the formation of AgNPs in the three concentrations of tucumã pulp evaluated. The increase in the temperature of the reaction media also enhanced the surface plasmon resonance band of AgNPs but it increased the polydispersivity of produced nanoparticles according to the dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data. Zeta potential results indicated moderate stability of the AgNPs (close to -30 mV). Antimicrobial assessment of the colloidal metal particles indicated microbicide activity against the Gram-negative Escherichia coli bacterium.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220141

Enhanced Larvicidal Activity of New 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles against Aedes aegypti Mosquitos: QSAR and Docking Studies
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Silva, Aluízio G. da

; Navarro, Daniela Maria A. F.

; Santos, Geanne K. N.

; Aguiar, Júlio César R. O. F. de

; França, Karla A. de

; Tébéka, Iris Raquel M.

; Anjos, Janaína V. dos

; Silva, João Bosco P. da

; Kanis, Luiz A.

; Srivastava, Rajendra M.

; Neves Filho, Ricardo Antônio W.

; Ramos, Mozart N.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2023, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 333 - 345

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The worldwide emergence of viral diseases such as Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya, West Nile and Yellow Fever urge the search for solutions to eliminate their common vector, the Aedes aegypti mosquito. This paper describes the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) and docking studies of a series of nine 3-(3-aryl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)propionic acids (AOPA), 1-9, previously published by our group. Additionally, three new 1,2,4-oxadiazoles, 10-12, have also been synthesized, characterized and studied. The QSAR and docking studies of all compounds, 1-12, clearly indicate that larger hydrophobic substituents such as biphenyl groups attached on position 3 in 1,2,4-oxadiazoles improve the larvicidal activity. It is worthwhile to mention that nanocapsulation of compounds 10-12 were necessary to help their dissolution in water and these three new 1,2,4-oxadiazoles also exhibited approximately equal or higher larvicidal activities compared to the former prototypes at stage L4.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220112

Infuence of inverted-v-braced system on the stability and strength of multi-story steel frames invertedvbraced inverted v braced multistory multi story
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Azevedo, Iara Santana

; Silva, Andréa Regina Dias da

; Silveira, Ricardo Azoubel da Mota

REM - International Engineering Journal

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Mar 2023, Volume 76 Nº 1 Páginas 39 - 46

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Population growth in urban centers, together with the lack of physical space, has led to the construction of increasingly tall and slender buildings. Multiple-story structures present substantial challenges to civil engineering because they have specific requirements for their design, construction, and use. The increased number of foors leads to more lateral displacements resulting from horizontal actions. Under these conditions, to ensure system stability, structural bracing components are commonly adopted. In addition, along with the use of more resistant materials and new construction techniques, it is necessary to improve the methodologies adopted in the structural analysis to offer professionals in the area the conditions to undertake safer and more economical projects with better speed and efficiency. Thus, in this study, numerical analyses were applied to steel planar reticulated structures to evaluate their stability and strength when inserting bracing systems. The study compared the arrangement of the bars and analyzed the influence of the parameters of the bracing systems, such as the properties of the cross-section and the position of the inverted-V-braced system. The MASTAN2 program was used to perform nonlinear static assessments using reticulated finite elements that considered both geometrical and physical nonlinearities. It was observed that the inverted-V-braced system had a substantial impact on all of the structures that were analyzed, providing increased stiffiness and, as a result, significantly reducing the frame’s lateral displacement. centers space buildings Multiplestory Multiple story design actions addition techniques efficiency Thus systems crosssection cross section invertedVbraced inverted V braced MASTAN nonlinearities result frames frame s displacement

https://doi.org/10.1590/0370-44672022760017

10.

Carbon Dots from Pilosocereus gounellei for Fluorimetric Determination of Tannin in Tea Using a Flow-Batch System
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Silva, Kelly D.

; Andrade, Stéfani I. E.

; Lima, Marcelo B.

; Monte-Filho, Severino S.

; Araújo, Mário C. U.

; Lima, Ricardo A. C.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jan 2023, Volume 34 Nº 1 Páginas 103 - 111

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In this study, xiquexique (Pilosocereus gounellei) native endemic cactus from the Brazilian semiarid was used for the first time as a natural carbon source (“green precursor”) for the synthesis of highly fluorescent carbon dots (CDs). These CDs were successfully used to develop a fast, low-cost, eco-friendly fluorescence method for the determination of tannins in teas. This method was automatized employing a flow-batch system coupled to an inexpensive ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) used as an excitation source and a cheap handheld spectrometer used as a detector. CDs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The proposed method presented a linear range from 2.0-30.0 mg L-1, relative standard deviation (RSD) < 3.0%, limit of detection (LOD) = 0.102 mg L-1, and recovery rates from 90.5-109.1%. A paired t-test at a 95% confidence level indicated no statistically significant difference between the proposed and reference methods, revealing that it is a useful alternative for the determination of tannins.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220092

11.

Nutraceuticals based on Portuguese grape pomaces as a potential additive in food products
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Vinha, Ana Ferreira da

; Silva, Carla Sousa e

; Sousa, Gonçalo de Magalhães e

; Moutinho, Carla Guimarães

; Brenha, João

; Sampaio, Ricardo

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e2023020

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Portuguese wine industry by-products are often undervalued but constitute a potential source of bioactive phenolic compounds that can be applied as a natural additive in several industries. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the nutritional composition, and the phenolic profile of two Portuguese Vitis vinifera L. grape pomaces (Touriga Nacional (red variety) and Alvarinho (white variety), and to correlate their chemical characterizations with their antioxidant activities. Strong correlations were observed between the presence of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activities, which enhances the application of pomace extracts in food and pharmaceutical areas. The high content of total phenolic compounds (25 - 41 g/ kg dry extract) and of flavonoids (9.2 - 18 g/ kg dry extract) found in both samples make these pomaces excellent candidates as food additives in food products, as well as antioxidant agents, such as natural dyes. Some polyphenols were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), being rutin and catequin the highest compounds found in red grape pomace (Touriga Nacional) while quercetin was only quantified in white grape pomace (Alvarinho). Cis-resveratrol was quantified in both grape pomace, which opens horizons for its use since this compound has considerable chemopreventive effects in the three main gains of carcinogenesis. As expected, the anthocyanin content was significantly higher in red grape pomace (37 g/ kg dry extract), emphasizing its interest as a natural food additive. Based on the findings, it is possible to conclude that these by-products have additional value, making them potentially useful in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.

Resumo Os subprodutos da indústria vitivinícola portuguesa são muitas vezes subvalorizados, mas constituem uma potencial fonte de compostos fenólicos bioativos que podem ser aplicados como aditivos naturais em diversas indústrias. Neste contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a composição nutricional, o perfil fenólico de dois bagaços de uvas portuguesas Vitis vinifera L. − Touriga Nacional (variedade tinta) e Alvarinho (variedade branca) − e correlacionar as suas caracterizações químicas com as suas atividades antioxidantes. Fortes correlações foram observadas entre a presença de compostos fenólicos e a atividade antioxidante, o que potencializa a aplicação dos extratos dos bagaços na área alimentar e farmacêutica. Os altos teores de compostos fenólicos totais (25 - 41 g/kg extrato seco) e de flavonoides (9,2 - 18 g/kg extrato seco) encontrados em ambas as amostras tornam estes bagaços excelentes candidatos a aditivos alimentares em produtos alimentícios, como agentes antioxidantes ou corantes naturais. Alguns fenólicos foram identificados por Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Eficiência (CLAE), sendo a rutina e a catequina os compostos maioritariamente encontrados no bagaço de uva tinta (Touriga Nacional), enquanto a quercetina foi apenas quantificada no bagaço de uva branca (Alvarinho). O cis-resveratrol foi quantificado em ambos os bagaços de uvas, o que abre horizontes para seu uso, uma vez que este composto possui consideráveis efeitos quimiopreventivos nos três principais estágios da carcinogênese. Como esperado, o teor de antocianinas foi significativamente maior no bagaço de uva tinta (37 g/kg extrato seco), enfatizando o seu interesse como aditivo alimentar natural. Com base nos resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que estes subprodutos têm valor agregado, o que lhes confere potencial aplicabilidade nas indústrias alimentícia, farmacêutica e cosmética.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.02023

12.

Viability and resistance of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG to passion fruit beverages with whey protein isolate
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Guerra, Adriana Couto

; Martins, Eliane Maurício Furtado

; Paula, Daniele de Almeida

; Leite Júnior, Bruno Ricardo de Castro

; Silva, Roselir Ribeiro da

; Franco, Frederico Souza Lima Caldoncelli

; Martins, Maurilio Lopes

; Oliveira, Gabriel Henrique Horta de

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e2022051

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study characterized the beverage of passion fruit and whey protein added with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). The acidity, pH, soluble solids, protein, phenolic compounds, and color of the sample did not differ during the 28 days at 5°C. The LGG counts in the beverage remained >7.70 log CFU/mL during the evaluation period. However, the LGG count was significantly reduced after the in vitro simulated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) evaluation (reduction of 5 logarithmic cycles after processing). On the other hand, the LGG resistance to GIT increased during the shelf-life of the beverage (LGG count of ~ 4.0 log CFU/mL after 28 days). In addition, the LGG count after GIT increased by approximately 2.0 logarithmic cycles when microencapsulation and fermentation technologies were used in beverage processing. Thus, the product has the potential to be commercialized, due to high viability of LGG use to increase the resistance of LGG to GIT.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.05122

13.

Antioxidant activity and bioactive compounds in ora-pro-nóbis flour (Pereskia aculeata Miller)
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Ciríaco, Ariane Cristina de Almeida

; Mendes, Ricardo de Morais

; Carvalho, Vania Silva

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e2022054

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) is a cactus popularly known as “poor man's meat” due to its popular use related to the protein content found in its leaves and its low cost, thus being classified as an Unconventional Food Plant (UFP). The plant is recognized for the high nutritional value of their leaves, and it can be used in cooking and folk medicine. However, studies on the chemical characteristics and antioxidant capacity of ora-pro-nóbis fruits are scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential and phenolic compounds of the stem and leaf flours and fruit pulp of P. aculeata Miller. The stem and leaves were washed and dried in a circulation oven at 60° ± 2 °C, and crushed in an industrial blender. The fruit was washed and macerated in natura, then hydroethanolic extracts were prepared. The content of phenolic compounds was evaluated using the Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and the results showed a total phenol content in the stem, leaves and fruits of 0.25; 1.01 and 118.2 mg EAG g-1 of extract, respectively. Antioxidants were evaluated using the DPPH method, obtaining values for stem, leaf and fruit of 1.20; 1.40 and 1.50 mg of fruit g-1 of DPPH respectively, and also by the ABTS method of stem, leaf and fruit of:13.82; 6.30; 3.20 µmol of Trolox g-1, respectively. Thus, P. aculeata Miller presented in its stem, leaves and fruits an expressive amount of phenolic and antioxidant compounds, being a potential resource to contribute to the prevention of several disorders associated with the production of free radicals as well as an alternative in the enrichment of foods and being a useful source for a food additive.

Resumo A ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) é uma cactácea popularmente conhecida como “carne de pobre” devido ao seu uso popular pelo teor de proteína encontrado em suas folhas e seu baixo custo, sendo classificada como uma planta alimentícia não convencional (PANC). A planta é reconhecida pelo alto valor nutritivo das folhas, a parte mais utilizada na culinária e na medicina popular. Entretanto, trabalhos sobre as características químicas e a capacidade antioxidante dos frutos de ora-pro-nóbis são escassos. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o potencial antioxidante e os compostos fenólicos das farinhas do caule e da folha, e da polpa do fruto da P. aculeata Miller. O caule e as folhas foram lavados e secos em estufa de circulação a 60°± 2 °C, e triturados em liquidificador industrial. O fruto foi lavado e macerado in natura e, em seguida, foram feitos extratos hidroetanólicos. O teor de compostos fenólicos foi avaliado utilizando o reagente de Folin- Ciocalteau e os resultados demonstraram um teor de fenóis totais no caule, nas folhas e nos frutos de 0,25, 1,01 e 118,2 mg EAG g-1 de extrato, respectivamente. Os antioxidantes foram avaliados através do método de DPPH, obtendo-se os valores para caule, folha e fruto de 1,20, 1,40 e 1,50 mg de fruta g-1 de DPPH, respectivamente, e pelo método ABTS, para caule, folha e fruto, os valores de 13,82, 6,30 e 3,20 µmol de Trolox g-1, respectivamente. Desta forma, a P. aculeata Miller apresenta, em seu caule, suas folhas e seus frutos, uma expressiva quantidade de compostos fenólico e antioxidante, sendo um recurso potencial para contribuir para a prevenção de diversos distúrbios associados com a produção de radicais livres e uma alternativa no enriquecimento de alimentos e na alimentação saudável, podendo ser um potencial aditivo alimentar.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.05422

14.

Microbiological evaluation of feet-cutter disc for broiler with a self-washing system using heated and non-heated water
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Cavani, Ricardo

; Rubio, Marcela da Silva

; Alves, Lucas Bocchini Rodrigues

; Alves, Khauston Augusto Pereira

; Cardozo, Marita Vedovelli

Brazilian Journal of Food Technology

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e2022046

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The increased worldwide demand for chicken meat requires constant automation of operating systems and the proper implementation of self-control programs by slaughterhouses. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a self-washing system using heated water on reducing the load of public health concern bacteria on a broiler feet-cutter disc. In a three-month period, 84 samples (n = 42 per group) were collected for microbiological analysis from the feet-cutter disc with an operational self-washing process with Non-Heated Water (NHW) and Heated Water (HW). The logarithmic counts of Mesophilic Aerobics, Sulphite-Reducing Clostridia (SRC), Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the NHW group were 1.82, 0.56, 0.31 and 0.14 Log10 CFU/cm2, respectively, whereas in the HW group were 1.17, 0.04, 0.15 and 0.08 Log10 CFU/cm2. Salmonella spp. was absent in all evaluated samples in both groups. The heated-water system reduced bacterial count, but statistical differences were solely observed for Mesophilic Aerobics and SRC. Nevertheless, its usage could be an additive in the operational procedure to avoid microbiological violations of food safety, in addition to being easy-to-implement and affordable for the industry.

Resumo O aumento mundial da demanda por carne de frango exige constante automação de sistemas de operação e implementação adequada de programas de autocontrole pelos abatedouros. Assim, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a eficiência de sistema de autolavagem com água aquecida na redução da contagem de bactérias de interesse em saúde pública em disco corta-pés de frangos. Em um período de três meses, 84 amostras (n = 42, por grupo) foram colhidas para análises microbiológicas em disco corta-pés contando com um sistema operacional de autolavagem com água não aquecida (NHW) e água aquecida (HW). As contagens de Aeróbios Mesófilos, Clostridium Sulfito-redutor, Escherichia coli e Staphylococcus aureus, no grupo NHW, foram de 1,82, 0,56, 0,31 e 0,14 Log10 UFC/cm2, respectivamente, enquanto que, no grupo HW, foram de 1,17, 0,04, 0,15 e 0,08 Log10 UFC/cm2. Salmonella spp. foi ausente em todas amostras avaliadas, em ambos os grupos. O sistema com água aquecida reduziu as contagens bacterianas, mas diferenças estatísticas foram observadas somente em Aeróbios Mesófilos e Clostridium Sulfito-redutor. Apesar disso, seu uso pode ser um adicional ao procedimento operacional para evitar a violação dos limites microbiológicos de segurança alimentar, além de ser um sistema de fácil implementação e de baixo custo.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-6723.04622

15.

Prevalence and predisposing factors for fatigue in patients with chronic renal disease undergoing hemodialysis: a cross-sectional study
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Burdelis, Ricardo Eugenio Mariani

; Cruz, Felipe José Silva Melo

Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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2023, Volume 141 Nº 5 elocation e2022127

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic renal disease and undergoing hemodialysis are at a high risk for developing several complications. Fatigue is a common, troubling symptom that affects such patients and can contribute to unfavorable outcomes and high mortality. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of fatigue in Brazilian patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis and determine the predisposing factors for fatigue. DESIGN AND SETTING: An observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in two renal replacement therapy centers in the Greater ABC region of São Paulo. METHODS: This study included 95 patients undergoing dialysis who were consecutively treated at two Brazilian renal replacement therapy centers between September 2019 and February 2020. The Chalder questionnaire was used to evaluate fatigue. Clinical, sociodemographic, and laboratory data of the patients were recorded, and the Short Form 36 Health Survey, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Beck Depression Inventory were administered. RESULTS: The prevalence of fatigue in patients undergoing hemodialysis was 51.6%. Fatigue was independently associated with lower quality of life in terms of physical and general health. Patients with fatigue had a higher incidence of depression (65.9% vs. 34.1%, P = 0.001) and worse sleep quality (59.1% vs. 49.9%; P = 0.027) than those without fatigue. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of fatigue is high in patients undergoing hemodialysis and is directly related to physical and general health.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0127.r1.01122022

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