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ABSTRACT Combining refrigeration with packaging is a commonly used technique for fruits intended for export. Thus, the objective of this study was to adapt the post-harvest management of biofortified sweet potato cultivars, using packaging and refrigeration, focused on reaching distant export markets while maintaining the commercial quality. Sweet potatoes of the cultivars BRS-Amélia and Beauregard were selected after harvesting, washed, and packaged. The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 × 7 factorial arrangement consisted of 4 treatments (cultivar BRS-Amélia with and without packaging; and cultivar Beauregard with and without packaging) and 7 evaluations under storage conditions: at 0, 7, 14 (under refrigeration at approximately 8 °C), 17, 20, 23, and 26 days (under room temperature conditions at approximately 25 °C). Each experimental unit contained 500 g of tubbers. The results showed that the refrigerated storage combined with packaging extended the shelf life of the evaluated sweet potatoes: 17 days for BRS-Amélia and 26 days for the cultivar Beauregard. The BRS-Amélia cultivar maintained higher firmness, soluble solids and carbohydrate contents, chroma, and antioxidant activity (FRAP method), and total phenolic contents, in both raw and cooked tissues. The cultivar Beauregard presented less dehydration and greater stability in vitamin C, total phenolic, total carotenoid, soluble carbohydrate, and starch contents in raw and cooked potatoes. Therefore, the combination of packaging and refrigeration preserved the commercial quality of biofortified sweet potatoes for export markets.

RESUMO Combinar refrigeração com embalagem é uma técnica comumente utilizada para frutas destinadas à exportação. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi adequar o manejo pós-colheita de cultivares de batata-doce biofortificadas, utilizando embalagem e refrigeração, com foco em atingir mercados de exportação distantes e mantendo a qualidade comercial. As batatas-doces das cultivares BRS-Amélia e Beauregard foram selecionadas após a colheita, lavadas e embaladas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 4 × 7 composto por 4 tratamentos (cultivar BRS-Amélia com e sem embalagem; e cultivar Beauregard com e sem embalagem) e 7 avaliações nas condições de armazenamento: aos 0, 7, 14 (sob refrigeração a aproximadamente 8 °C), 17, 20, 23 e 26 dias (sob condições de temperatura ambiente a aproximadamente 25 °C). Cada unidade experimental continha 500 g de tubérculos. Os resultados mostraram que o armazenamento refrigerado aliado à embalagem prolongou a vida útil da batata-doce avaliada: 17 dias para BRS-Amélia e 26 dias para a cultivar Beauregard. A cultivar BRS-Amélia manteve maior firmeza, solúveis sólidos e teor de carboidratos, croma e atividade antioxidante (método FRAP) e teor de fenólicos totais, tanto nos tecidos crus quanto cozidos. A cultivar Beauregard apresentou menor desidratação e maior estabilidade nos teores de vitamina C, fenólicos totais, carotenóides totais, carboidratos solúveis e amido em batatas cruas e cozidas. Portanto, a combinação de embalagem e refrigeração preservou a qualidade comercial da batata-doce biofortificada para os mercados de exportação.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n2e275946

Chemical quality and bioactive compounds of sweet potatoes under phosphate fertilization
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Oliveira, Pablo H. de A.

; Oliveira, Anna K. S. de

; Coêlho, Ester dos S.

; Silva, Valécia N. S. e

; Lopes, Welder de A. R.

; Santos, Gisele L. dos

; Ribeiro, João E. da S.

; Silva, Antonio G. C. da

; Santos Júnior, José T. dos

; Barros Júnior, Aurélio P.

; Silveira, Lindomar M. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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2024, Volume 28 Nº 1 elocation e274451

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Sweet potato is among the most important food crops in the world. Due to its high genetic diversity, this species has cultivars that can respond in different ways depending on mineral fertilization. Among the nutrients, phosphorus is related to physiological and biochemical processes that can influence the final quality of the product. This study aimed to assess the influence of P doses on the quality and bioactive compounds of sweet potato cultivars - Paraná, BRS Amélia, and BRS Cuia. The pH, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), SS/TA ratio, soluble sugars, and the bioactive compounds - flavonoids, anthocyanins, and carotenoids - were evaluated. The P doses influenced sweet potato cultivars. The dose of 120 kg ha-1 promoted increments in the parameters pH, SS, TA, and SS/TA ratio for the cultivar BRS Cuia. The same dose promoted an increase in total soluble sugars for the cultivar BRS Amélia. P dose of 240 kg ha-1 promoted higher levels of flavonoids and anthocyanins in the cultivar Paraná, and there was an increase in carotenoid content at the dose of 60 kg ha-1.

RESUMO A batata-doce está entre as culturas alimentícias mais importantes do mundo. Por apresentar alta diversidade genética, essa espécie possui cultivares que podem responder de maneiras diferentes em função da adubação mineral. Dentre os nutrientes, o fósforo está relacionado com processos fisiológicos e bioquímicos que podem influenciar na qualidade final do produto. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de doses de P na qualidade e compostos bioativos de cultivares de batata-doce - Paraná, BRS Amélia e BRS Cuia. Foram avaliados o pH, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT), relação SS/AT, açúcares solúveis e os compostos bioativos - flavonoides, antocianinas e carotenoides. As doses de P influenciaram as cultivares de batata-doce. A dose de 120 kg ha-1 promoveu incrementos nos parâmetros pH, SS, AT e relação SS/AT para a cultivar BRS Cuia. A mesma dose promoveu incrementos nos açúcares solúveis totais para a cultivar BRS Amélia. A dose de 240 kg ha-1 promoveu maiores teores de flavonoides e antocianinas na cultivar Paraná, e houve aumento no teor de carotenoides na dose de 60 kg ha-1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n1e274451

Ploidy estimation and pre-selection of banana autotetraploids after in vitro polyploidy induction
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Borges, Viviane P.

; Silveira, Daniela G.

; Costa, Maria A. P. de C.

; Santos-Serejo, Janay A. dos

; Silva, Sebastião de O.

Revista Caatinga

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Set 2023, Volume 36 Nº 3 Páginas 494 - 501

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the parameters fresh leaf mass and stomatal density in the estimation of ploidy and pre-selection of putative banana autotetraploids. Young plants of the diploid cultivar Ouro (AA), previously subjected to in vitro polyploidization with the antimitotic amiprofos-methyl - APM (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 µM L-1) and colchicine (2.5 mM L-1) were evaluated for survival, height, number of leaves, pseudostem diameter, leaf disc fresh mass, and stomatal density. Ploidy was determined by flow cytometry in a random sample of 200 plants to find the relationship between the genomic content and the analyzed variables. Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a strong correlation (0.84**) between leaf disc fresh mass and tetraploid plants, as well as an absence of significant correlation between stomatal density and ploidy levels. Thus, the pre-selection of plants was carried out using a reference value of leaf disc fresh mass and resulted in 688 plants pre-selected as putative tetraploids. Among them, 318 were confirmed as tetraploids, 291 as diploids, and 79 as mixoploids after flow cytometry analysis. The pre-selection efficiency was 46.2% of tetraploid plants from the total pre-selected. The results indicate that the use of leaf disc fresh mass is a simple, practical, and promising method to estimate ploidy when a high number of plants is obtained in in vitro banana polyploidization studies, reducing the total number of plants to have confirmed ploidy.

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou avaliar a eficiência dos parâmetros massa fresca foliar e densidade estomática na estimativa da ploidia e pré-seleção de autotetraploides putativos de bananeira. Plantas jovens da cultivar diploide Ouro (AA), previamente submetidas à poliploidização in vitro com os antimitóticos amiprofos-metil - APM (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 e 60 µM L-1) e colchicina (2,5 mM L-1) foram avaliadas quanto à sobrevivência, altura, número de folhas, diâmetro do pseudocaule, massa fresca de disco foliar e densidade estomática. Determinou-se a ploidia, via citometria de fluxo, numa amostra aleatória de 200 plantas, a fim de encontrar relação entre o conteúdo genômico e as variáveis analisadas. Por meio da análise de correlação de Spearman, verificou-se forte correlação (0,84**) entre a massa fresca de disco foliar e as plantas tetraploides, bem como ausência de correlação significativa entre a densidade estomática e os níveis de ploidia. Assim, a pré-seleção das plantas foi feita mediante um valor de referência de massa fresca de disco foliar e resultou em 688 plantas pré-selecionadas como tetraploides putativos. Destas, 318 foram confirmadas como tetraploides, 291 como diploides e 79 mixoploides, após análise de citometria de fluxo. A eficiência de pré-seleção foi de 46,2% de plantas tetraploides do total pré-selecionado. Os resultados indicam que o uso da massa fresca de disco foliar é um método simples, prático e promissor para estimar a ploidia quando é obtido um elevado número de plantas em trabalhos de poliploidização in vitro da bananeira, reduzindo o total de plantas a ter a ploidia confirmada.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n302rc

Oceanographic conditions of the continental slope and deep waters in Santos Basin: the SANSED cruise (winter 2019)
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Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Bernardo, Piero S.

; Lazaneo, Cauê Z.

; Amorim, João P. M.

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Martins, Rafael C.

; Santos, Daniel M. C.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Guerra, Luiz A. A.

; Moreira, Daniel L.

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23008

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work describes the circulation over the continental slope and the São Paulo Plateau in the Santos Basin during the SANSED winter 2019 survey. The cruise consisted of four legs in the period between June, 11 and August, 03 2019. The observed circulation is dominated by the Atlantic southwestern boundary current regime and remotely-generated anticyclones and cyclones. The former is composed by the Brazil Current, the Intermediate Western Boundary Current and their mesoscale meanders; the latter are 300km vortical rings with origin in the eastern side of the South Atlantic Basin. A Lagrangian scheme applied over satellite altimeter maps indicate that the origin of these rings is primarily the Cape Basin of South Africa. The interaction between the boundary currents, their cyclonic meanders, and the anticyclonic rings is complex, and varies widely. During the SANSED winter 2019 survey period, three anticyclones interacted with the Brazil Current, instabilizing it, forming dipoles with the current cyclonic meanders, leading to their downstream propagation. Ancienter cyclonic eddies within Santos Basin may interfere with the propagation of the large anticyclones further south. In addition, the continuous arrival of remotely-originated anticyclones, the larger portion over the São Paulo Plateau presented a tendency of counter-clockwise circulation during the whole cruise period.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.2206icas

Genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale in calves under natural transmission conditions in the Northeast region of Pará
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Monteiro, Maiara V.

; Lima, Danillo H.S.

; Barbosa, José D.

; Coelho, Kesley F.

; Cordeiro, Matheus D.

; Fonseca, Adivaldo H.

; Magalhães-Matos, Paulo C.

; Silveira, Natália S.S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2023, Volume 43 elocation e07158

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: The objective of the present study was to detect the genetic diversity of Anaplasma marginale strains in naturally infected calves from a rural property located in the northeastern region of the state of Pará, Eastern Amazon, which has a history of mortality due to anaplasmosis. Fourteen calves positive for A. marginale were selected using a semi-nested polymerase chain reaction for the target msp1α gene, with asymptomatic (n=3) and symptomatic (n=11) infections. After sequencing the samples, two genotypes were verified in the E and C regions and the structures in tandem repeats were determined. Nine different strains were found: eight related to the E genotype (α-β-β-Γ = one animal, asymptomatic; 16-F-17-F-F = two animals, symptomatic; α-β-F-F-F-F = one animal, asymptomatic; 31-62-62-61 = one animal, symptomatic; τ-10-3 = three animals, two symptomatic and one asymptomatic; α-β-β-β = one animal, symptomatic; τ-22 -13-18 = two animals, both symptomatic; β-β-β-BRA1-31 = two animals, both symptomatic), and one related to genotype C (23-24-25-31-27-27 = one animal, asymptomatic). Genotype E was predominant in 92.86% of the samples (13/14), followed by genotype C (7.14%). This study made it possible to detect the genetic diversity of A. marginale in calves from the selected dairy farm, in addition to identifying the BRA1 sequence in the animals of the present study, which was recently diagnosed in Minas Gerais, demonstrating the dispersion of A. marginale strains in herds from different Brazilian states. Genetic diversity of A. marginale was observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic calves. There were no significant differences when clinical signs were compared to the genotype verified in the infected animals. The prevalence of pathogenicity was not observed.

RESUMO: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi detectar a diversidade genética de cepas de Anaplasma marginale em bezerros naturalmente infectados oriundos de uma propriedade rural localizada na região nordeste do estado do Pará, Amazônia Oriental, a qual apresentava histórico de mortalidade devido à anaplasmose. Foram selecionados 14 bezerros positivos para A. marginale pela técnica de semi-nested PCR (nPCR) para o alvo no gene msp1α, com infecção assintomática (n=3) e sintomáticos (n=11). Após o sequenciamento das amostras foram verificados dois genótipos nas regiões E e C, e determinadas as estruturas em tandem repeats. Nove diferentes estirpes foram encontradas, sendo oito relacionadas ao genótipo E (α-β-β-Γ = um animal, assintomático; 16-F-17-F-F = dois animais, sintomáticos; α-β-F-F-F-F = um animal, assintomático; 31-62-62-61 = um animal, sintomático; τ-10-3 = três animais, dois sintomáticos e um assintomático; α-β-β-β = um animal, sintomático; τ-22-13-18 = dois animais, sintomáticos; β-β-β-BRA1-31 = dois animais, sintomáticos) e uma relacionada ao genótipo C (23-24-25-31-27-27 = um animal, assintomático). O genótipo E foi predominante em 92,86% das amostras (13/14), seguido pelo genótipo C (7,14%). O estudo possibilitou a detecção da diversidade genética de A. marginale em bezerros dessa propriedade leiteira, além de identificar a sequência BRA1 nos animais do presente estudo, a qual foi diagnosticada recentemente em Minas Gerais, o que demonstra a dispersão das estirpes de A. marginale nos rebanhos de diferentes estados brasileiros. A diversidade genética de A. marginale foi observada tanto em bezerros sintomáticos quanto em assintomáticos e não houve diferença significativa quando se comparou os sinais clínicos ao genótipo verificado no animal infectado, não observando a prevalência de patogenicidade de estirpes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7158

Hydrographic structure of the continental shelf in Santos Basin and its causes: The SANAGU and SANSED campaigns (2019)
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Dottori, Marcelo

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Del–Giovannino, Sergio R.

; Pinto, Andressa P.

; Gnamah, Magnim

; Santos, Arian D.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Moreira, Daniel L.

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23013

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study describes the hydrography and water masses of the Santos Basin Continental Shelf (SBCS) during two hydrographic campaigns (SANAGU, SANSED) in 2019. Coastal Water (CW) is the dominant water mass in the southern portion of the SBCS, with relatively low salinity values (S<35.5 g kg–1), and satellite data show that local precipitation and river discharge could not account for the low salinity observed during the cruises in the southern region of the domain. The low salinity observed is explained by the transport from the south influenced by Subtropical Shelf Water (STSW), which was influenced by the La Plata River discharge. In the northern region of the SBCS, the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) dominates the bottom layers of the water column, with the wind playing a major role in the uplift of this water mass, as evidenced by a wind impulse analysis. In this part of the shelf, Tropical Water (TW) was the second water mass in volume and occupied the surface layers and offshore the shelf. CW is restricted to a thin surface layer, which reaches distances of a few kilometers from the coast. Our analysis show the differences in the hydrographic structure of the SBCS and suggests that the SBCS can be divided in two regions with distinct characteristics: 1) the area southwest of São Sebastião, where the hydrographic parameters were modulated by the presence of the Subtropical Shelf Water (STSW); 2) the area northeast of São Sebastião, where the uplifting of SACW was the dominant process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22062md

Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VIII: An updated checklist for the Serra das Confusões region with new data from Serra Vermelha, Piauí, Brazil
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Marques, Ricardo

; Garda, Adrian A.

; Furtado, Adriana P.

; Bruinjé, Andre C.

; Protázio, Arielson dos S.

; de Carvalho, Breno F.

; Vieira, Cecília R.

; Gomes, Dandara

; Pantoja, Davi L.

; Figueiredo, Diainara da S.

; Shepard, Donald B.

; Camurugi, Felipe

; Coelho, Felipe E. A.

; Magalhães, Felipe M.

; Caetano, Gabriel H. O.

; Colli, Guarino R.

; Paulino, Henrique M.

; Carvalho, Izabelle T. S.

; Graciene, Joedma

; Alvarenga, Júlio M.

; Clay, Natalie A.

; Albuquerque, Ralph L.

; Bosque, Renan J.

; Faria, Renato

; da Silveira-Filho, Ricardo R.

; Mângia, Sarah

; Cavalcante, Vitor H. G. L.

; Vieira, Washington L. S.

; da Silva, Willianilson P.

; Soares, Yan F. F.

; Mesquita, Daniel O.

Biota Neotropica

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2023, Volume 23 Nº 4 elocation e20231520

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract It is repeatedly stressed the need to characterize the extant biodiversity in tropical ecosystems. However, inventory studies are still progressing slowly in dry ecosystems, leading to the underestimation of their true biodiversity and hindering conservation efforts. In this study, we present primary and secondary data, along with an updated list of amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the São Francisco-Gurguéia region in Piauí. Additionally, we compare the species composition between nine areas within the Caatinga, which were sampled using standardized methods over the past ten years, to examine broader spatial patterns of community composition. To survey reptiles and amphibians, we employed similar methods and sampling efforts in two areas within the Serra das Confusões National Park (SCNP) region. Our surveys recorded a total of 73 species of amphibians and reptiles, of which 24 are new distribution records for the SCNP region. Consequently, our findings increase the known herpetofauna in the region to 94 species. Despite their proximity, the two sites in the SCNP region exhibited only 42% similarity in species composition, and they differed significantly from other areas within the Caatinga. Furthermore, even the closer Caatinga areas presented differences in species composition, highlighting the necessity to evaluate biodiversity across the landscape and contribute to understanding biogeographic patterns.

Resumo É repetidamente enfatizada a necessidade de caracterizar a biodiversidade vivente em ecossistemas tropicais. No entanto, os estudos de inventário ainda estão progredindo lentamente em ecossistemas secos, levando à subestimação de sua verdadeira biodiversidade e dificultando os esforços de conservação. Neste estudo, apresentamos dados primários e secundários, juntamente com uma lista atualizada de anfíbios e répteis de duas localidades na região de São Francisco-Gurguéia, do Piauí. Além disso, comparamos a composição de espécies entre nove áreas dentro da Caatinga, que foram amostradas usando métodos padronizados nos últimos dez anos, para examinar padrões espaciais mais amplos de composição da comunidade. Para estudar répteis e anfíbios, utilizamos métodos e esforços de amostragem semelhantes em duas áreas na região do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões (PNSC). Nossos levantamentos registraram um total de 73 espécies de anfíbios e répteis, das quais 24 são novos registros de distribuição para a região do PNSC. Consequentemente, nossos resultados aumentam a herpetofauna conhecida na região para 94 espécies. Apesar da proximidade, os dois locais na região do PNSC exibiram apenas 42% de similaridade na composição de espécies e diferiram significativamente de outras áreas dentro da Caatinga. Mesmo áreas mais próximas da Caatinga apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies, destacando a necessidade de avaliar a biodiversidade em toda a paisagem e contribuir para a compreensão de padrões biogeográficos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1520

Effect of essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet on cardiovascular and autonomic function in rats with isoproterenol induced acute myocardial infarction
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HOLANDA, THAIS M.

; ROCHA, DANILO G.

; SILVEIRA, JOÃO ALISON M.

; COSTA, PAULA PRISCILA C.

; MAIA, PEDRO HENRIQUE F.

; INGRAM, CATHERINE

; MORAES, MARIA ELISABETE A. DE

; FECHINE, FRANCISCO V.

; MORAES FILHO, MANOEL O. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20201878

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Alpinia zerumbet is a plant popularly used to treat hypertension and anxiety. Studies with Alpinia zerumbet demonstrate antihypertensive and vasodilator effects, among others. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of essential oil of Alpinia zerumbet (EOAz) on cardiovascular and autonomic function in rats with isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction. Male Wistar rats (n=32) were equally allocated into four groups: Control, ISO (150mg/kg, subcutaneous), EOAz (100mg/kg by gavage), ISO+EOAz. The rats were evaluated for cardiovascular and, autonomic parameters, electrocardiogram, and infarct size. EOAz was not able to reduce the electrocardiographic variations induced by ISO. Heart rate variability showed a decrease in sympathetic modulation on the heart in the groups treated with EOAz. The cardiopulmonary reflex induced by serotonin invoked a superior blood pressure variation at the 2 µg/kg dose in the EOAz treated groups, while the heart rate variation was significantly higher at the 16 µg/kg dose, when compared to other doses, in all groups, except EOAz+ISO. The sympathetic vagal index was higher in ISO group than in control. EOAz did not reduce the infarct size. We conclude that pretreatment with EOAz does not reverse the hemodynamic and electrocardiographic damage caused by isoproterenol but does reduce sympathetic modulation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201878

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

10.

Análise do Valor-p Determinado pela Estatística τ na Aplicação do Teste de Dickey-Fuller Aumentado
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SILVEIRA, A. G.

; MATTOS, V. L. D.

; NAKAMURA, L. R.

; AMARAL, M. C.

; KONRATH, A. C.

; BORNIA, A. C.

Trends in Computational and Applied Mathematics

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Abr 2022, Volume 23 Nº 2 Páginas 283 - 298

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O presente artigo avaliou a interferência da quantidade de defasagens utilizadas no resultado do valor-p associado à estatística utilizada no teste de Dickey-Fuller aumentado (ADF), bem como identificou algumas propriedades das séries estudadas que interferem em seu resultado. Foram realizados três experimentos com séries de diferentes amplitudes, considerando estrutura do modelo em relação à presença ou não de constante e/ou tendência, e quantidade de defasagens como fatores. Modelos autorregressivos do tipo AR(1) foram considerados para a geração de dados pelo método de Monte Carlo, que poderiam apresentar diferentes intensidades para o coeficiente associado à primeira defasagem. Depois da aplicação do teste ADF, foram determinadas as proporções de rejeição da hipótese nula em cada condição experimental, sendo utilizada uma análise de variância com a estatística qui-quadrado para verificar a influência da quantidade de defasagens no valor-p. Os resultados mostram que se houver raiz unitária, o teste apresenta bons resultados, independentemente da quantidade de defasagens considerada. Entretanto, o mesmo não foi observado nos casos em que a série temporal não apresenta raiz unitária.

ABSTRACT In this paper we evaluate how much influence the number of selected lags has in the p-value obtained from the statistic considered in an augmented Dickey-Fuller test (ADF). Three experiments with different series sizes were carried out considering the presence (or not) of a constant and/or trend, and also different number of lags. Autoregressive models (AR1) are used in the data generating process through the Monte Carlo method, considering different values for the coefficient associated with the first lag. After the application of the ADF test, we calculate the proportion of times when the null hypothesis was rejected in each scenario, and perform an analysis of variance (considering chi-square statistic) to verify the influence of the number of selected lags in the p-value. Results show that if a unit root is verified, then the test presents a good performance, regardless of the number of lags. However, the same was not observed in cases where the time series does not present a unit root.

https://doi.org/10.5540/tcam.2022.023.02.00283

11.

Circadian activity patterns and temporal overlap among cracids (Aves: Cracidae) within a vegetation mosaic in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Brazil
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Santos, Mauro Celso Rodrigues dos

; Silveira, Leandro

; Jácomo, Anah Tereza de Almeida

; Alves, Giselle Bastos

; Ubaid, Flávio Kulaif

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia

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2022, Volume 62 elocation e202262011

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Vertebrates, overall, present a daily activity pattern when managing their needs, such as foraging, resting or searching for sexual partners. Most of the available information regarding the circadian rhythm in birds comes from controlled laboratory conditions, and little is known about these patterns in the wild. In this study we used camera traps to describe the daily activity patterns of three cracid species in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Brazil. We had a sampling effort of 9,617 camera trap-days along 231 days (5,544 hours) from September 2013 to May 2014. This resulted in 4,833 independent records of cracids from a total of 7,713 individuals. Crax fasciolata was the species with the most records (nrec = 3,792) and individuals (nind = 5,781), followed by Ortalis canicollis (nrec = 934; nind = 1,758) and Aburria grayi (nrec = 107; nind = 174). None of the species was uniformly distributed throughout the day, thus evidencing a periodization of their activities. The mean vectors of the activity patterns of C. fasciolata, O. canicollis and A. grayi were, respectively, mμ = 10:36 ± 04:26 (SD), mμ = 11:42 ± 03:57 and mμ = 11:44 ± 03:47. We observed a temporal overlap between A. grayi and O. canicollis, whereas C. fasciolata significantly differed from them. Because of their large home ranges, cracids are important indicators of environmental quality, and, as frugivores, they play key roles in the ecological dynamics of forests. In this sense, and given that cracids are notably more susceptible to extinction, the knowledge on their circadian activity patterns may be useful when establishing effective management and conservation strategies.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2022.62.011

12.

Influence of Niobium Pentoxide and Sintering Temperature on Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Glass-ceramics Obtained from Recycled Automotive Windshields
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Gualberto, Hiasmim R.

; Silveira, Kelly C. da

; Silva, Fernanda A. N. G. da

; Sens, Marcio A.

; Bastos, Ivan N.

; Poiate Júnior, Edgard

; Andrade, Mônica C. de

Materials Research

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2022, Volume 25 elocation e20210564

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Automotive windshield represents a large volume of solid waste due to limited recycling. Glass-ceramics were produced from discarded windshields with Nb2O5 as a nucleating agent at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 15 wt% at 700 and 800 °C sintering temperatures. Mechanical and electrical characterizations of glass-ceramics were performed. Equibiaxial flexural strength was performed and related to porosity. At 700 °C, Nb2O5 favors the monoclinic NaNbO3 phase with perovskite structure. At 800 °C, high Nb2O5 content formed crystalline phases of perovskite and quartz. Dielectric constant and electrical conductivity increased with the addition of Nb2O5, reaching 64 and 4.3 μS/m for 15 wt% Nb2O5 at 700oC. At 800oC, niobium pentoxide reduces the biaxial flexural strength from 28.7 to 14.4 MPa; while increasing the electrical conductivity from 0.10 to 0.33 µS/m for samples with 0 and 15 wt%.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0564

13.

Autochthonous endophytic bacteria from Musa sp. controls Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense under in vitro conditions
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MARTINS, MARIA J.

; XAVIER, ADELICA A.

; CARDOSO, ISABELLE C.

; SILVEIRA, DANIELA F.

; RIBEIRO, REGINA C.F.

; PIMENTA, SAMY

; NIETSCHE, SILVIA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 3 elocation e20210835

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (foc) is one of the main diseases affecting banana crops. Biological control emerges as an alternative technology to prevent the spread of the disease. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of endophytic bacteria isolated from banana Prata Anã challenged with the foc in pairing and volatile tests under in vitro conditions. Forty endophytic isolates of the genera Bacillus, Klebsiella, Paenibacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Lysinibacillus and Sporolactobacillus isolated from banana roots were challenged with foc. The principal component analysis showed that the spore germination variable in the presence of bacterial cells explained better the variance (29.88%). Spore germination in the presence of bacterial cells, number of spores/cm2 in paired and volatile tests, and colony area in volatile tests explained about 86.10% of the total variance observed. The isolate EB37 (Bacillus sp., JN215502.1) reduced 96% of the germination of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense spores. The UPMGA clustering method based on Euclidean distance divides the 40 endophytic bacteria isolates into eight groups. The autochthonous bacteria isolated from Musa sp. of the genera Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Stenotrophomonas, Sporolactobacillus and Paenibacillus showed promising results in foc control under in vitro conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210835

14.

Effects of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and gold nanoparticles treatment on peripheral tissues
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RODRIGUES, MATHEUS S.

; MARTINS, JULIA N.

; PAULA, GABRIELA C. DE

; VENTURINI, LIGIA M.

; SILVEIRA, GUSTAVO DE B.

; STRECK, EMÍLIO L.

; BUDNI, JOSIANI

; ÁVILA, RICARDO A. MACHADO DE

; BEM, ANDREZA F. DE

; SILVEIRA, PAULO C.L.

; OLIVEIRA, JADE DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Supl. 4 elocation e20211081

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cholesterol is a lipid molecule of great biological importance to animal cells. Dysregulation of cholesterol metabolism leads to raised blood total cholesterol levels, a clinical condition called hypercholesterolemia. Evidence has shown that hypercholesterolemia is associated with the development of liver and heart disease. One of the mechanisms underlying heart and liver alterations induced by hypercholesterolemia is oxidative stress. In this regard, in several experimental studies, gold nanoparticles (AuNP) displayed antioxidant properties. We hypothesized that hypercholesterolemia causes redox system imbalance in the liver and cardiac tissues, and AuNP treatment could ameliorate it. Young adult male Swiss mice fed a regular rodent diet or a high cholesterol diet for eight weeks and concomitantly treated with AuNP (2.5 μg/kg) or vehicle by oral gavage. Hypercholesterolemia increased the nitrite concentration and glutathione (GSH) levels and decreased the liver’s superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Also, hypercholesterolemia significantly enhanced the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH levels in cardiac tissue. Notably, AuNP promoted the redox system homeostasis, increasing the SOD activity in hepatic tissue and reducing ROS levels in cardiac tissue. Overall, our data showed that hypercholesterolemia triggered oxidative stress in mice’s liver and heart, which was partially prevented by AuNP treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211081

15.

Compressive lesions in the central nervous system of buffaloes
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Barbosa, José D.

; Brito, Marilene F.

; Bomjardim, Henrique A.

; Duarte, Marcos D.

; Barbosa, Camila C.

; Silveira, Natalia S.S.

; Oliveira, Carlos Magno C.

; Salvarani, Felipe M.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e07060

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Esse trabalho descreve, através de estudo retrospectivo, os achados epidemiológicos e clínico-patológicos de compressão no sistema nervoso central (SNC) de bubalinos. O estudo compreendeu as observações realizadas em 15 animais, durante os anos de 1998 a 2021, por meio da revisão dos arquivos de fichas clínicas de animais com lesões compressivas no SNC atendidos pelo Hospital Veterinário do Instituto de Medicina Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Pará. Os animais atendidos com sinais clínicos compatíveis com lesões compressivas no SNC foram submetidos a exames clínicos geral e específico do sistema nervoso. Foram coletadas amostras de sangue de quatro animais para realização de hemograma e amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) de três animais para avaliação física. Foram necropsiados 13 animais. A faixa etária dos animais acometidos variou de quatro meses a 11 anos de idade, com maior frequência na faixa acima de 12 meses (80%, 13/15). O segmento vertebral mais acometido foi entre T3-L3 (60%, 9/15), seguida por lesão no encéfalo (20%, 3/15), pelo segmento L4-S2 (13,3%, 2/15) e pelo segmento C1-C5 (6,7%, 1/15). Os achados clínicos variaram de acordo com a localização da lesão. Os achados de necropsia revelaram abscesso parahipofisário, no tronco encefálico e no corpo da vértebra, hematoma subaracnoidea, linfoma e fraturas vertebrais. A realização de um minucioso exame clínico do SNC associado aos achados de necropsia foram importantes para caracterizar o quadro clínico e localizar a causa e os seguimentos acometidos do SNC nos búfalos estudados. Torna-se importante incluir as lesões compressivas do SNC entre as enfermidades neurológicas dos bubalinos.

ABSTRACT: This study describes, through a retrospective study, the epidemiological and clinical-pathological findings of compression in the central nervous system (CNS) of buffaloes. The study includes observations made in 15 animals from 1998 to 2021 by reviewing the clinical records of animals with compressive injuries of the CNS treated at the Veterinary Hospital of the Veterinary Medicine Institute of the Federal University of Pará. The animals treated with clinical signs compatible with CNS compressive lesions were subjected to general and specific clinical examinations of the nervous system. Blood samples were collected from four animals for complete blood counts, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were collected from three animals for physical evaluation. Thirteen animals were necropsied. The age range of the affected animals ranged from four months to 11 years of age, with a greater frequency over age 12 months (80%, 13/15). The most affected vertebral segment was between T3 and L3 (60%, 9/15), followed by brain injury (20%, 3/15), the L4-S2 segment (13.3%, 2/15) and the C1-C5 segment (6.7%, 1/15). The clinical findings varied according to the location of the lesion. The necropsy findings revealed paraypophyseal abscess in the brainstem and vertebral body, subarachnoid hematoma, lymphoma and vertebral fractures. The performance of a thorough clinical examination of the CNS combined with the necropsy findings was important to characterize the clinical picture and to locate the cause and the affected CNS segments in the buffaloes studied. It is important to include CNS compressive lesions among the neurological diseases of buffaloes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7060

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