ABSTRACT The vegetative growth of plants depends on the nutritional conditions of the soil, mainly in relation to the N element. This element favours the formation of cytokines and auxins, essential hormones for sprouting and rooting, respectively. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilization of Ilex paraguariensis mother trees on epicormic sprouts emission and rooting of its cuttings. Five treatments of fertilization were applied on the mother trees: control; 250 g of urea (N); 250 g of NPK (5-20-10); 500 g of NPK, and; 250 g of NPK with 30 g of micronutrients. Two evaluations (at 240 and 480 days) were carried out for: trees with sprouts emission (%), average sprouts number and their average length (cm). Sprouts were collected at both vegetative evaluations after the application of the experiment (August 2016) and sectioned into cuttings. Cuttings variables were evaluated: survival (%); rooting (%), callus formation (%) and average root number. The best response to epicormic sprouts emission was obtained with 250 g of NPK at 480 days for trees with sprouts (>75%), sprouts number (4.4) and sprouts length (9.9), but considerable results were also obtained at 240 days with urea. For cuttings, the best results were also obtained from sprouts obtained at 480 days for most treatments (>80% survival and rooting). Nitrogen fertilization is essential for a successful vegetative rescue and propagation by cuttings of I. paraguariensis, and longer periods may be able to boost these results.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar compostos fenólicos totais (CFT) e atividade antioxidante total (AAT) em frutos de genótipos brasileiros de goiabeira-serrana (Acca sellowiana). As avaliações foram realizadas na casca e na polpa dos frutos, nas cultivares Alcântara, Helena, Mattos e Nonante, e no acesso 2316. CFT e AAT foram determinados em soluções extratoras aquosa e hidroalcoólica, e, para AAT, foram utilizados os métodos DPPH (2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazilo) e ABTS [2,2’-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiazolin) 6-ácido sulfônico]. Os valores de CFT em extrato aquoso na casca e na polpa foram de 114,9 e de 88,3 mg em equivalente de ácido gálico (EAG) por 100 g de matéria fresca (MF), respectivamente. Para AAT, em extrato aquoso, na casca e na polpa, no método DPPH, os valores de EC50 (concentração de substrato para reduzir em 50% a concentração inicial de DPPH) foram de 10,7 e 39,7 mg MF por g de DPPH, respectivamente; e, no método ABTS, foram de 12.01 e 8.33 μmol L-1 de Trolox por g de MF, respectivamente. Os maiores valores de CFT e AAT foram observados em 'Mattos' e 'Nonante', na casca, e em 'Nonante' e no acesso 2316 na polpa. Os frutos de goiabeira-serrana apresentam importante valor funcional, especialmente no tecido da casca, caracterizado pelos elevados conteúdos de CFT e alta AAT.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to quantify the total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA) of fruit from Brazilian genotypes of feijoa (Acca sellowiana). Skin and flesh tissues of the fruit were evaluated for the Alcântara, Helena, Mattos, and Nonante cultivars, and for the 2316 accession. TPC and TAA were both assessed in aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts, and TAA was assayed by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS [2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)] methods. The TPC values, for aqueous extracts of the skin and flesh tissues, were 114.9 and 88.3 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per 100 g fresh weight (FW), respectively. The corresponding values for TAA determined by the DPPH method, the skin and flesh tissues, given as EC50 (substrate concentration which leads to 50% reduction of the DPPH), were 10.7 and 39.7 mg FW per g DPPH, respectively; and, by the ABTS method, the TAA values were 12.01 and 8.33 μmol L-1 Trolox per g FW, respectively. The greatest values for TPC and TAA were obtained for 'Mattos' and 'Nonante', in the skin, and for 'Nonante' and accession 2316, in the flesh. Feijoa fruit has important functional value, particularly in the skin, characterized by high TPC and TAA.

A erva-de-São-João (Hypericum perforatum L.), planta medicinal amplamente utilizada no tratamento humano anti-depressivo, tem sido pouco estudada agronomicamente. Avaliou-se os efeitos da calagem e da adubação fosfatada no acúmulo de nutrientes e no crescimento inicial de plantas dessa espécie. O experimento foi conduzido em Lages, SC, de julho a dezembro de 2003, em casa de vegetação. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado (fatorial 4x3), correspondente a quatro valores de pH (4,1; 5,5; 6,0 e 6,5) e três doses de fósforo (0; 50 e 100 mg kg-1 de solo), com quatro repetições. Foram cultivadas duas plantas por vaso, num Cambissolo Húmico Álico. Avaliaram-se os teores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu e Fe no solo e na parte aérea e o rendimento de massa seca da parte aérea e das raízes. A calagem, combinada com a adubação fosfatada, favoreceu o acúmulo de Ca, Mg, K, N e P na parte aérea e o crescimento da erva-de-São-João.

St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) is a medicinal plant widely used for human anti-depressive treatment, despite of being little studied as a cultivated crop. This work was conducted to evaluate nutrients accumulation and initial growth of this plant species, in response to phosphate fertilization and liming. The experiment was carried out in Lages, Brazil, from July to December of 2003, in a greenhouse. The experiment followed a completely randomized factorial design (4x3), corresponding to four pH values (4.1; 5.5; 6.0, and 6.5) and three rates of P (0; 50, and 100 mg kg-1 of soil), with four replicates. Two plants were cultivated per pot, in an Inceptisol. The contents of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn, Cu, and Fe in the soil and in the plants were obtained, as well as shoot and root dry matter. The combination of the liming and phosphate fertilization promoted the accumulation of Ca, Mg, K, N, and P in the aerial part and also plant growth of Hypericum perforatum L.