Abstract The aim of this scoping review was to provide sufficient information about the effectiveness of ozone gas in virus inactivation of surfaces and objects under different environmental conditions. The review was performed according to the list of PRISMA SrC recommendations and the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis for Scoping Reviews. The review was registered in Open Science Framework (OSF). EMBASE (Ovid), Lilacs, LIVIVO, MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science were primary sources, and “gray literature” was searched in OpenGray and OpenThesis. A study was included if it reported primary data on the effect of ozone gas application for vehicle-borne and airborne virus inactivation. No language or publication date restriction was applied. The search was conduct on July 1, 2020. A total of 16,120 studies were screened, and after exclusion of noneligible studies, fifteen studies fulfilled all selection criteria. Application of ozone gas varied in terms of concentration, ozone exposure period and the devices used to generate ozone gas. Twelve studies showed positive results for inactivation of different virus types, including bacteriophages, SARS-CoV-2 surrogates and other vehicle-borne viruses. Most of the studies were classified as unclear regarding sponsorship status. Although most of the population has not yet been vaccinated against COVID-19, disinfection of environments, surfaces, and objects is an essential prevention strategy to control the spread of this disease. The results of this Scoping Review demonstrate that ozone gas is promising for viral disinfection of surfaces.

ABSTRACT Ocean Literacy (OL) was proposed by UNESCO as a goal for the Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (Ocean Decade) aiming to (1) increase understanding of the importance of the ocean, (2) significantly influence communication on related subjects, and (3) facilitate informed and responsible decision-making about the ocean and its resources. Formal education is essential to expand the reach of OL, providing people with tools to engage in coastal and marine issues consciously and knowingly. To this end, content analysis of school curricula can help planning strategies, especially to empower citizens to implement public policies. This study assessed the extent to which OL-related terms and words are present in Brazilian curricular documents at federal (National Curriculum Parameters-PCNs and Common National Curriculum Base-BNCC) and regional (Federative Units curricular guidelines-RCs) levels. Qualitative (content analysis) and quantitative analyses (descriptive and non-parametric statistics, and multivariate analysis) were performed. The number of occurrences of OL-related words and terms were registered and counted. Nineteen words were found, totaling 797 citations (a frequency of 0.0001 in the total number of words referring to content). The number of citations were higher in BNCC-based RCs than in PCN-based RCs (Kruskal-Wallis test, p = 0.0009). Principal component analysis separated the documents into two groups, one related to BNCC-based RCs of Northeast, North and Midwest regions, with a higher number of OL related terms, and the other group with the PCN based RCs of these same regions plus those documents of Southeast and South regions (principal component 1 explaining 97.90% of the total variation and having 0.93 correlation with the total frequency of citations). General results indicated that Brazilian production on fields and themes related to OL is still concentrated in national journals, books, and booklets, thus with a limited impact. In same way although school curricula in Brazil have a larger number of topics on marine environments than do other countries, they showed heterogeneity among Federative Units, but generally with the topics still representing a very small fraction of Brazilian curricula. Thus, it is necessary to expand the contents related to the ocean and marine environments in curricula to provide students with basic knowledge about the importance and functions of these environments, as well as their conservation. Therefore, results here emphasize the need to implement OL to highlight the importance of knowledge of the oceans and enable citizens to discuss marine conservation policies and promote ocean sustainability. This study provided some strategies to increase OL in formal education and, hence, reach various stakeholders, which is fundamental to implement the United Nations Ocean Decade in Brazil and the Global South.

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect on the gaps in the care of Children with Special Needs in Health that demand complex clinical care with dependence on technological support for the maintenance of life, in the Unified Health System. Methods: This is a reflection study based on recent policies and literature related to the theme. Discussion: Despite the advances achieved with the Unified Health System with regard to access to health services and the expansion of Primary Care, with the aim of reorienting health, it can be said that the health care model for CSHCN in Brazil is still centered on the hospital and medical knowledge. Final considerations: There are gaps in the policies for children aimed at the new paediatric profile, and little is discussed about its implications for the Unified Health System.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Reflejar las lagunas en la atención a los Niños con Necesidades Especiales de Salud, cuidados clínicos complejos de esa demanda con dependencia de la ayuda tecnológica para el mantenimiento de la vida, en el Sistema Único de Salud. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio basado en la reflexión de la política y de la literatura recientes relacionadas al tema. Discusión: Aunque los avances conquistados con el Sistema Único de Salud acerca del acceso a los servicios médicos y a la ampliación de la atención básica, con el objetivo para reorientar la salud, pueden ser afirmados que el modelo de la atención a la salud a CRIANES en Brasil todavía se centra en el hospital y el “saber médico”. Consideraciones finales: Se observan lagunas en las políticas para el niño destinadas al nuevo perfil de la pediatría, y poco se discute sobre sus implicaciones para el Sistema Único de Salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Refletir sobre as lacunas no atendimento às Crianças com Necessidades Especiais de Saúde que demandam cuidados clínicos complexos com dependência de suporte tecnológico para manutenção da vida, no Sistema Único de Saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de reflexão pautado nas políticas e literatura recentes relacionadas ao tema. Discussão: Apesar dos avanços conquistados com o Sistema Único de Saúde no que diz respeito ao acesso aos serviços de saúde e à ampliação da Atenção Básica, com o objetivo de reorientar a saúde, pode-se afirmar que o modelo de atenção à saúde às CRIANES no Brasil ainda é centrado no hospital e no saber médico. Considerações finais: Observam-se lacunas nas políticas para a criança destinadas ao novo perfil de pediatria, e pouco se discute sobre suas implicações para o Sistema Único de Saúde.

RESUMO Objetivo: Refletir sobre as lacunas no atendimento às Crianças com Necessidades Especiais de Saúde que demandam cuidados clínicos complexos com dependência de suporte tecnológico para manutenção da vida, no Sistema Único de Saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de reflexão pautado nas políticas e literatura recentes relacionadas ao tema. Discussão: Apesar dos avanços conquistados com o Sistema Único de Saúde no que diz respeito ao acesso aos serviços de saúde e à ampliação da Atenção Básica, com o objetivo de reorientar a saúde, pode-se afirmar que o modelo de atenção à saúde às CRIANES no Brasil ainda é centrado no hospital e no saber médico. Considerações finais: Observam-se lacunas nas políticas para a criança destinadas ao novo perfil de pediatria, e pouco se discute sobre suas implicações para o Sistema Único de Saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: Reflect on the gaps in the care of Children with Special Needs in Health that demand complex clinical care with dependence on technological support for the maintenance of life, in the Unified Health System. Methods: This is a reflection study based on recent policies and literature related to the theme. Discussion: Despite the advances achieved with the Unified Health System with regard to access to health services and the expansion of Primary Care, with the aim of reorienting health, it can be said that the health care model for CSHCN in Brazil is still centered on the hospital and medical knowledge. Final considerations: There are gaps in the policies for children aimed at the new paediatric profile, and little is discussed about its implications for the Unified Health System.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Reflejar las lagunas en la atención a los Niños con Necesidades Especiales de Salud, cuidados clínicos complejos de esa demanda con dependencia de la ayuda tecnológica para el mantenimiento de la vida, en el Sistema Único de Salud. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio basado en la reflexión de la política y de la literatura recientes relacionadas al tema. Discusión: Aunque los avances conquistados con el Sistema Único de Salud acerca del acceso a los servicios médicos y a la ampliación de la atención básica, con el objetivo para reorientar la salud, pueden ser afirmados que el modelo de la atención a la salud a CRIANES en Brasil todavía se centra en el hospital y el “saber médico”. Consideraciones finales: Se observan lagunas en las políticas para el niño destinadas al nuevo perfil de la pediatría, y poco se discute sobre sus implicaciones para el Sistema Único de Salud.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a mortalidade e fatores associados em uma série de nascimentos com gastrosquise no estado do Rio de Janeiro em 10 anos (2005 a 2014). MÉTODO Estudo de coorte retrospectiva, no qual foram relacionadas as bases de dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade por linkage probabilístico. A base de dados final foi construída em duas etapas, que consistiram em: preparo das duas bases de dados iniciais e estabelecimento de relações entre elas. RESULTADOS Os recém-nascidos pré-termo e os com baixo peso ao nascer tiveram maior chance de óbito, com significância estatística (p = 0,03 e p = 0,006, respectivamente). Em relação ao local de nascimento, embora a frequência de óbito tenha sido maior nas maternidades do que em hospitais gerais (p = 0,04; OR = 0,5; IC95% 0,3–1,0), foi observado que uma unidade caracterizada como hospital geral apresentou uma frequência alta de nascimentos (61,2%) e, na análise comparativa da chance de óbito dessa unidade com as demais, encontrou-se uma chance de morrer 7,5 maior em hospitais gerais e 3,2 maior em maternidades, com significância estatística (p < 0,001). Além disso, nascer em unidades de terapia intensiva tipo II aumentou a chance de óbito em 3,9 vezes em comparação com as do tipo III (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO Este estudo dá subsídios para a discussão de duas possíveis estratégias no tratamento de recém-nascidos com gastrosquise. A primeira seria a centralização do cuidado em unidades terciárias, possibilitando que o cuidado à malformação seja analisado de forma mais minuciosa e padronizada. A segunda, e talvez mais factível, seria a elaboração de diretrizes clínicas que padronizem o cuidado imediato aos bebês com gastrosquise nascidos fora de centros terciários, bem como a padronização do transporte deles até a chegada ao centro terciário.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze mortality and associated factors in a series of gastroschisis at birth in the state of Rio de Janeiro in a 10-year period (2005 to 2014). METHOD A retrospective cohort study, which related the databases of the Live Births Information System and the Mortality Information System by probabilistic linkage. Final database was constructed in two stages: preparation of the two initial databases and establishment of relationships between them. RESULTS Preterm newborns and those with low birthweight had higher risk of death, with statistical significance (p = 0.03 and p = 0.006, respectively). Regarding place of birth, although death frequency was higher in maternity units than in general hospitals (p = 0.04; OR = 0.5; 95%CI 0.3–1.0), it was observed that a unit characterized as a general hospital had a high birth frequency (61.2%). Furthermore, the comparative analysis of the risk of death between this unit and others showed a 7.5 higher risk of death in general hospitals and 3.2 higher in maternity units, with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Moreover, births in level II intensive care units had 3.9 times more risk of death compared with level III (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study foments the discussion of two possible strategies in the treatment of gastroschisis in newborns. First, the centralization of care in tertiary units, enabling malformation care to be analyzed in a more detailed and standardized manner. Second, and perhaps more feasible, the elaboration of clinical guidelines to standardize immediate care for gastroschisis in babies born outside tertiary centers, as well as the standardization of their transportation until arrival at the tertiary center.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a mortalidade e fatores associados em uma série de nascimentos com gastrosquise no estado do Rio de Janeiro em 10 anos (2005 a 2014). MÉTODO Estudo de coorte retrospectiva, no qual foram relacionadas as bases de dados do Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos e do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade por linkage probabilístico. A base de dados final foi construída em duas etapas, que consistiram em: preparo das duas bases de dados iniciais e estabelecimento de relações entre elas. RESULTADOS Os recém-nascidos pré-termo e os com baixo peso ao nascer tiveram maior chance de óbito, com significância estatística (p = 0,03 e p = 0,006, respectivamente). Em relação ao local de nascimento, embora a frequência de óbito tenha sido maior nas maternidades do que em hospitais gerais (p = 0,04; OR = 0,5; IC95% 0,3–1,0), foi observado que uma unidade caracterizada como hospital geral apresentou uma frequência alta de nascimentos (61,2%) e, na análise comparativa da chance de óbito dessa unidade com as demais, encontrou-se uma chance de morrer 7,5 maior em hospitais gerais e 3,2 maior em maternidades, com significância estatística (p < 0,001). Além disso, nascer em unidades de terapia intensiva tipo II aumentou a chance de óbito em 3,9 vezes em comparação com as do tipo III (p < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO Este estudo dá subsídios para a discussão de duas possíveis estratégias no tratamento de recém-nascidos com gastrosquise. A primeira seria a centralização do cuidado em unidades terciárias, possibilitando que o cuidado à malformação seja analisado de forma mais minuciosa e padronizada. A segunda, e talvez mais factível, seria a elaboração de diretrizes clínicas que padronizem o cuidado imediato aos bebês com gastrosquise nascidos fora de centros terciários, bem como a padronização do transporte deles até a chegada ao centro terciário.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze mortality and associated factors in a series of gastroschisis at birth in the state of Rio de Janeiro in a 10-year period (2005 to 2014). METHOD A retrospective cohort study, which related the databases of the Live Births Information System and the Mortality Information System by probabilistic linkage. Final database was constructed in two stages: preparation of the two initial databases and establishment of relationships between them. RESULTS Preterm newborns and those with low birthweight had higher risk of death, with statistical significance (p = 0.03 and p = 0.006, respectively). Regarding place of birth, although death frequency was higher in maternity units than in general hospitals (p = 0.04; OR = 0.5; 95%CI 0.3–1.0), it was observed that a unit characterized as a general hospital had a high birth frequency (61.2%). Furthermore, the comparative analysis of the risk of death between this unit and others showed a 7.5 higher risk of death in general hospitals and 3.2 higher in maternity units, with statistical significance (p < 0.001). Moreover, births in level II intensive care units had 3.9 times more risk of death compared with level III (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study foments the discussion of two possible strategies in the treatment of gastroschisis in newborns. First, the centralization of care in tertiary units, enabling malformation care to be analyzed in a more detailed and standardized manner. Second, and perhaps more feasible, the elaboration of clinical guidelines to standardize immediate care for gastroschisis in babies born outside tertiary centers, as well as the standardization of their transportation until arrival at the tertiary center.

Abstract This study evaluated the effect of a cyclopentenone-type PG, 15-Deoxy-Δ12,14-PG J2 (15d-PGJ2), and lectin (ScLL) on the viability of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs), and on IL-6 and TGFβ-1 release by these fibroblasts, stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HGFs were stimulated with LPS 10 μg/ml and treated with 15d-PGJ2 1 and 2 μg/ml, and ScLL 2 and 5 μg/ml, for 1 and 3h, and then evaluated for viability by MTT assay. Supernatant was collected to detect IL-6 and TGFβ-1 release, by ELISA. Positive control was cells kept in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium, and negative control was those kept in LPS. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Dunnett’s test (α = 0.05). No significant difference was found in viability among experimental groups at 1h (p > 0.05). Percentage of ScLL 5 µg/ml viable cells was similar to that of positive control at evaluated periods (p > 0.05), whereas the other groups had lower levels than the positive control (p < 0.05). IL-6 release was statistically higher for ScLL 5 μg/ml and 15d-PGJ2 2 µg/ml at 1h, compared with the other treated groups and positive control (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found among the groups at 3h (p > 0.05), except for ScLL 2 µg/ml and 15d-PGJ2 1 µg/ml, which showed lower IL-6 release compared with that of negative control (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found among the groups for TGFβ-1 release (p > 0.05). Results indicated that ScLL 5 μg/ml did not interfere in viability, and ScLL 2 µg/ml and 15d-PGJ2 1 µg/ml demonstrated reduced IL-6 release. Tested substances had no effect on TGFβ-1 release.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine prediction equations to estimate the nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) values of animal meals used in broiler diets through meta-analysis. A bibliographic review was undertaken with studies conducted in Brazil from 2000 to 2016 to catalogue information on AMEn values and the following chemical elements in the composition of the feedstuffs: crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), gross energy (GE), mineral matter (MM), calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P). Groups were also catalogued and formed according to sex and age of birds. Chemical correlations were analyzed, and a multiple linear regression model with the stepwise procedure was used to examine the association between the variables, which were included in the equation as a function of their importance. High and significant correlation coefficients between the independent (GE, MM, CP, EE, Ca, and P) and dependent variable (AMEn) contribute to the understanding of variations in the energy values of these feedstuffs. According to the coefficients of determination, the best equations to estimate AMEn of poultry offal meal and meat and bone meal are AMEn = 6139 − 45.5 CP + 0.356 GE − 123.5 MM ( R 2 = 0.8302 ) and AMEn = 2267 + 19.9 CP + 67.9 EE − 44.4 MM ( R 2 = 0.9021 ) , respectively.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever a ocorrência de casos de cardiopatia congênita em menores de um ano de vida registrados nos sistemas de informações em saúde do estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de 2006 a 2010. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc), Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) e Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). RESULTADOS: foram encontrados 345 registros no Sinasc, 1.089 crianças internadas (SIH/SUS) e 1.121 óbitos de menores de um ano tendo como causa básica cardiopatia congênita (SIM); a prevalência de cardiopatias congênitas foi de 3,18/10 mil nascidos vivos; as cardiopatias foram as principais causas de óbito no grupo das malformações congênitas, com coeficiente de mortalidade de 1,03/1.000 nascidos vivos. CONCLUSÃO: houve sub-registro de casos de cardiopatia congênita no Sinasc, demonstrando a dificuldade do diagnóstico precoce.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe the occurrence of cases of congenital heart disease in infants under one year recorded in health information systems of Rio de Janeiro State, from 2006 to 2010. METHODS: descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc), Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System (SIH/SUS) and Mortality Information System (SIM). RESULTS: a total of 345 records were found on Sinasc, there were 1,089 hospitalized children (SIH/SUS) and 1,121 deaths (SIM) of children under one year of age whose underlying cause was congenital heart disease; the prevalence of congenital heart disease was 3.18/10,000 live births; heart diseases were the main causes of death in the group of congenital malformations, with a mortality coefficient of 1.03/1,000 live births. CONCLUSION: there was underreporting of cases of congenital heart disease on Sinasc, demonstrating the difficulty of early diagnosis.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir la incidencia de cardiopatías congénitas en niños menores de un año registradas en los sistemas de información sanitaria del estado de Río de Janeiro, entre 2006 y 2010. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de nacidos vivos (Sinasc), Sistema de Información Hospitalaria del Sistema Único de Salud (SIH/SUS) y el Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM). RESULTADOS: 345 registros encontrados en el Sinasc, 1.089 niños hospitalizados (SIH/SUS) y 1.121 muertes de niños menores de un año con cardiopatía congénita por causa subyacente (SIM); la prevalencia de defectos congénitos del corazón fue de 3,18/10.000 nacidos vivos; las enfermedades del corazón son las principales causas de muerte en el grupo con malformaciones congénitas, con una tasa de mortalidad de 1,03/1.000 nacidos vivos. CONCLUSIÓN: hubo subregistro de casos de cardiopatías congénitas en el Sinasc, lo que demuestra la dificultad del diagnóstico precoz.

Resumo OBJETIVO: descrever a ocorrência de casos de cardiopatia congênita em menores de um ano de vida registrados nos sistemas de informações em saúde do estado do Rio de Janeiro no período de 2006 a 2010. MÉTODOS: estudo descritivo, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc), Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) e Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). RESULTADOS: foram encontrados 345 registros no Sinasc, 1.089 crianças internadas (SIH/SUS) e 1.121 óbitos de menores de um ano tendo como causa básica cardiopatia congênita (SIM); a prevalência de cardiopatias congênitas foi de 3,18/10 mil nascidos vivos; as cardiopatias foram as principais causas de óbito no grupo das malformações congênitas, com coeficiente de mortalidade de 1,03/1.000 nascidos vivos. CONCLUSÃO: houve sub-registro de casos de cardiopatia congênita no Sinasc, demonstrando a dificuldade do diagnóstico precoce.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: to describe the occurrence of cases of congenital heart disease in infants under one year recorded in health information systems of Rio de Janeiro State, from 2006 to 2010. METHODS: descriptive study with data from the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc), Hospital Information System of the Brazilian National Health System (SIH/SUS) and Mortality Information System (SIM). RESULTS: a total of 345 records were found on Sinasc, there were 1,089 hospitalized children (SIH/SUS) and 1,121 deaths (SIM) of children under one year of age whose underlying cause was congenital heart disease; the prevalence of congenital heart disease was 3.18/10,000 live births; heart diseases were the main causes of death in the group of congenital malformations, with a mortality coefficient of 1.03/1,000 live births. CONCLUSION: there was underreporting of cases of congenital heart disease on Sinasc, demonstrating the difficulty of early diagnosis.

Resumen OBJETIVO: describir la incidencia de cardiopatías congénitas en niños menores de un año registradas en los sistemas de información sanitaria del estado de Río de Janeiro, entre 2006 y 2010. MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo con datos del Sistema de Información de nacidos vivos (Sinasc), Sistema de Información Hospitalaria del Sistema Único de Salud (SIH/SUS) y el Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM). RESULTADOS: 345 registros encontrados en el Sinasc, 1.089 niños hospitalizados (SIH/SUS) y 1.121 muertes de niños menores de un año con cardiopatía congénita por causa subyacente (SIM); la prevalencia de defectos congénitos del corazón fue de 3,18/10.000 nacidos vivos; las enfermedades del corazón son las principales causas de muerte en el grupo con malformaciones congénitas, con una tasa de mortalidad de 1,03/1.000 nacidos vivos. CONCLUSIÓN: hubo subregistro de casos de cardiopatías congénitas en el Sinasc, lo que demuestra la dificultad del diagnóstico precoz.

Abstract: The lectin (ScLL) extracted from the Synadenium carinatum plant has been evaluated as an immunomodulator in diseases such as asthma, neosporosis and leishmaniasis. However, it has not yet been evaluated in the oral cavity. This study evaluated the effect of ScLL on viability, proliferation and release of IL-10 in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). HGF were stimulated with LPS 1 µg/ml and treated with ScLL in concentrations of 10, 5 and 2 µg/ml for 1 and 5 h, and evaluated by flow cytometry for viability, apoptosis (initial/advanced) and necrosis. The supernatant was collected to detect release of IL-10 by ELISA. The proliferation was assessed with the BrdU assay. Positive control consisted of cells maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium (DMEM), and the negative control, of those kept in tap water. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Dunnett's test (α = 0.05). No significant difference was found for ScLL concentrations regarding viability or initial and advanced apoptosis (p=0.455). All the groups, including the positive control, had a significantly lower necrosis parameter than negative control at 5 h (p < 0.001). No difference was found for proliferation among the experimental groups (p = 0.832). ScLL at 5 and 2 µg/ml resulted in a lower release of IL-10 than positive and negative controls at 5 h (p = 0.047). The results indicated that ScLL concentrations tested were not cytotoxic, and had no effect on proliferation and release of IL-10 parameters. A thorough understanding of ScLL, regarding its immunomodulatory potential, may open the door to new perspectives for dentistry.

Não existem estudos que avaliem a utilização de imunoglobulina A1 (IgA1) como marcador precoce da inflamação peri-implantar. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os níveis de IgA1 do fluido sulcular peri-implantar (PISF) e saliva de pacientes parcialmente desdentados como indicador da mucosite. Vinte e sete pacientes foram examinados para determinar a condição peri-implantar com base na profundidade de sondagem e sangramento à sondagem. Saliva e PISF ao redor de implantes dentários foram coletados e os níveis IgA1 foram avaliados pelo teste Elisa. IgA1 na saliva e PISF destes pacientes foram comparados e suas correlações com parâmetros clínicos foram avaliados. Não foram observadas diferenças nos níveis de IgA1 (821,1 ± 290,6; 779,8 ± 401,5) na saliva e PISF (26,6 ± 20,7; 25,1 ± 20,5) de grupos saudáveis e mucosite, respectivamente (p>0,05). Correlação entre os parâmetros clínicos e IgA1 na saliva ou PISF não foi observada em grupos saudáveis ou mucosite (p=0,607; p=0,826, respectivamente). Estes resultados demonstraram que IgA1 não pode ser utilizada como marcador imunológico da mucosite.

There are no studies evaluating the possible use of immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) as an early marker for peri-implant inflammation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the IgA1 levels in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) and saliva of partially edentulous patients as an indicator of mucositis. Twenty-seven patients were examined to determine the peri-implant status based on probing depth and bleeding on probing. Saliva and PISF around dental implants were collected and the IgA1 levels were evaluated by Elisa assay. IgA1 in saliva and PISF of these patients were compared and their correlations with clinical parameters were evaluated. Differences in IgA1 levels in saliva (821.1 ± 290.6; 779.8 ± 401.5) and PISF (26.6 ± 20.7; 25.1 ± 20.5) of healthy and mucositis groups, respectively were not observed (p>0.05). Correlation between clinical parameters and IgA1 in saliva or PISF was not observed in healthy or mucositis groups (p=0.607; p=0.826, respectively). These results suggest that IgA1 cannot be used as an immunological marker of mucositis.

Neste estudo foi comparada a citoxicidade e a liberação de nitrito induzidos por membranas de colágeno bovino e suíno em células mononucleares humanas. Foram coletados sangue periférico de cada paciente, e realizada separação de mononucleares por gradiente de Ficoll. Um total de 2x10(5) células foram plaqueadas em placas de cultura de 48 poços sob as membranas, em triplicata. O poço sem membrana serviu como controle negativo. A viabilidade celular foi avaliada medindo a atividade mitocondrial (MTT) em 4,12 e 24 h, com dosagens dos níveis de nitrito pelo método de Griess nos mesmos períodos. As amostras não apresentaram distribuição normal, sendo realizado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis (p<0,05). Foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre as membranas e o controle nos período analisados (p<0,05), embora tenha ocorrido redução da viabilidade em função do tempo (p<0,01). Em 4 e 12 h a membrana suína induziu maior liberação de nitrito comparado ao controle e à membrana bovina, respectivamente (p<0,01). Tal diferença foi mantida em 24 h (p<0,05). Este estudo in vitro demonstrou que a membrana colágena suína induz uma maior produção de mediador pró-inflamatório pelas células mononucleares nas primeiras horas de contato, diminuindo com o tempo.

This study compared the cytotoxicity and the release of nitric oxide induced by collagen membranes in human mononuclear cells. Peripheral blood was collected from each patient and the separation of mononuclear cells was performed by Ficoll. Then, 2x10(5) cells were plated in 48-well culture plates under the membranes in triplicate. The polystyrene surface was used as negative control. Cell viability was assessed by measuring mitochondrial activity (MTT) at 4, 12 and 24 h, with dosage levels of nitrite by the Griess method for the same periods. Data had non-normal distribution and were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed between the membranes and the control in the experimental period, although there was a significant reduction in viability over time (p<0.01). At 4 and 12 h, the porcine membrane induced a higher release of nitrite compared with the control and bovine membrane, respectively (p<0.01), and this difference was maintained at 24 h (p<0.05). This in vitro study showed that the porcine collagen membrane induces an increased production of proinflammatory mediators by mononuclear cells in the first hours of contact, decreasing with time.

Mononuclear cells play an important role in the modulation of healing. The characteristics of implant surface topography may alter the production of signaling molecules such as cytokines. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of commercially available titanium surface treatments on both cell viability and the secretion of the antagonist cytokines, IL1β and TGFβ1. Human mononuclear cells were cultured on 10 mm diameter commercially pure titanium (cpTi) disks that were prepared using a turning procedure (control=machined surface) and either acid etched or bio-anodized for 1-7 days. Adhered cells were investigated with respect to cell viability using an MTT assay, and cytokine production was verified using an ELISA assay. The results indicate that surface characteristics did not alter the cell viability at days 1 and 4, although the machined surface presented the highest absorbance values at day 7 (p = 0.0084). Cell viability was reduced throughout the time course for all analyzed surfaces (p < 0.05). On day 4, IL1β levels were significantly higher on bio-anodized compared to acid etched surfaces (p = 0.0097). TGFβ1 did not show differences among the surfaces at days 1 and 4. The responses of non-stimulated mononuclear cells to titanium surfaces suggest only modest effects of the surface treatment and roughness on pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL1β) release.